Traditional phase measuring deflectometry (PMD) systems encounter challenges related to the stability of calibration parameter optimization, often resulting in insufficient reconstruction accuracy and low computationa...
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Hydrogen energy,whether in generation plants or utilization facilities,plays a decisive role in the mission to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions,all to minimize *** growing demand for clean energy carrier stea...
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Hydrogen energy,whether in generation plants or utilization facilities,plays a decisive role in the mission to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions,all to minimize *** growing demand for clean energy carrier steadily accelerates the development of hydrogen production processes,and therein proton exchange membrane(PEM)water electrolysis is deemed a promising long-term strategy for hydrogen preparation and *** review retrospects recent developments and applications of bipolar plates(BPs)as key components in PEM fuel cells and water *** main content includes multifaceted challenges in the R&D or fabrication of BPs and potential future trends have also been *** details cover the BPs matrix(metallic materials and carbon composites)and the surface coating types(metal and compound coatings,carbon-based coatings,and polymer coatings),as well as the influence of flow field design for mass ***-term development and feasible researches of BPs are *** in the following aspects:(1)Structural and functional integration of components,such as material fabrication and flow field geometry optimization using 3D printing technology;(2)Introduction of environment-friendly renewable energy for hydrogen production;(3)research on hydrogen energy reversible systems;(4)Composition optimization of surface coatings based on computational materials science and(5)systematic design expected to evolve into the next generation of BPs.
An inorganic potassium silicate coating with pigments of alumina,aluminum phosphate,NiCrAlY and copper chromite black was prepared on CB2 stainless *** behavior in either ambient air or O_(2)+H_(2) O mixture at 630℃ ...
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An inorganic potassium silicate coating with pigments of alumina,aluminum phosphate,NiCrAlY and copper chromite black was prepared on CB2 stainless *** behavior in either ambient air or O_(2)+H_(2) O mixture at 630℃ for 2000 h was comparatively studied,and the coating exhibited excellent resistance under both test *** water vapor considerably accelerated the oxidation of the uncoated CB2 steel,as the hydroxide,the main constituent of the coating,had a negligible evaporation rate at test temperature,while it had a limited effect on the coated ***,the existence of coating may prolong or eliminate the incubation period in the O_(2)+H_(2) O mixture at 630℃.After oxidation,the coating matrix is in an amorphous state and fillers as alumina and copper chromite black are stable in the ***(KAlSi_(2) O_(6))formed by Al from NiCrAlY and potassium silicate in the coatings was detected after tests either in O_(2) or O_(2)+H_(2) O mixture.
In this work,a series of Co-based ternary Co-Er-B bulk metallic glasses(BMGs)with excellent soft magnetic properties and high strength were developed,and the local atomic structure of a typical Co_(71.5)Er_(3.5)B_(25)...
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In this work,a series of Co-based ternary Co-Er-B bulk metallic glasses(BMGs)with excellent soft magnetic properties and high strength were developed,and the local atomic structure of a typical Co_(71.5)Er_(3.5)B_(25) metallic glass was studied through in situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction and ab initio molecular dynamics *** results reveal that the BMG samples can be obtained in a composition region of Co_(68.5-71.5)Er_(3.5-4)B_(25-27.5) by a conventional copper-mold casting *** Co-Er-B metallic glasses possess stronger atomic bond strengths and denser local atomic packing structure composed of a higher fraction of icosahedral-like clusters but fewer deformed body-centered cubic and crystal-like polyhedrons,and they exhibit slower atomic diffusion behaviors during solidification,as compared to Co-Y-B *** enhancement in structural stability and the retardation of atomic-ordered diffusion lead to the better glass-forming ability of the Co-Er-B *** smaller magnetic anisotropy energy in the Co-Er-B metallic glasses results in a lower coercivity of less than 1.3 A/*** Co-Er-B BMGs exhibit high-yield strength of 3560-3969 MPa along with distinct plasticity of around 0.50%.
Electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(ENRR) provides a promising strategy to achieve sustainable synthesis of ammonia. However, despite great efforts devoted to this research field, the problems such as low ener...
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Electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(ENRR) provides a promising strategy to achieve sustainable synthesis of ammonia. However, despite great efforts devoted to this research field, the problems such as low energy efficiency and weak selectivity still impede its practical implementation. Most of the research to date has been concentrated on creating sophisticated electrocatalysts, and adequate knowledge of electrolytes is still lacking. Herein, the recent progress in electrolytes for ENRR, including alkaline, neutral,acidic, water-in-salt, organic, ionic liquid, and mixed water-organic electrolytes, is thoroughly reviewed to obtain an in-depth understanding of their effects on electrocatalytic performance. Recently developed representative electrocatalysts in various types of electrolytes are also introduced, and future research priorities of different electrolytes are proposed to develop new and efficient ENRR systems.
Dynamic photoresponsive molecular crystals are promising candidates for making intelligent devices and materials in the ***,we synthesized a new photoactive molecule(E)-2,2-dimethyl-5-[3-(naphthalen-1-yl)allylide]-1,3...
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Dynamic photoresponsive molecular crystals are promising candidates for making intelligent devices and materials in the ***,we synthesized a new photoactive molecule(E)-2,2-dimethyl-5-[3-(naphthalen-1-yl)allylide]-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione[(E)-DNADD]that undergoes an E-to-Z photoisomerization in both liquid solution and solids when exposed to visible light(405 nm).Compared to the bulk crystals,the photoresponsive behavior in microcrystals was profoundly *** crystalline(E)-DNADD microplate crystals exhibit robust motions,including bending,curling,and coiling under light *** photoproduct conversion of the photochemical reaction in the microplate is no more than 20%,while the large bending curvature of the coiled illuminated samples was estimated at approximately 150–300 mm−1,comparable to some photoactive *** results indicate that shrinking crystal dimensions can boost the photoresponses in molecular crystals and provide a facile strategy for developing dynamic molecular crystals at the microscopic scale.
With the advent of new synchrotron radiation x-ray sources that provide a significantly enhanced coherent flux,high-energy x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy measurements can be performed on materials in a diamond ...
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With the advent of new synchrotron radiation x-ray sources that provide a significantly enhanced coherent flux,high-energy x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy measurements can be performed on materials in a diamond anvil *** information on atomic dynamics that was previously inaccessible can be obtained for various novel phenomena emerging under extreme *** article discusses the importance,feasibility,and experimental details of this technique,as well as the opportunities that it offers to address critical scientific challenges.
The interrelated side reactions and dendrites growth severely destabilize the electrode/electrolyte interfaces,resulting in the difficult application of aqueous Zn ion batteries(AZIBs).Hydrophobic protective layer pos...
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The interrelated side reactions and dendrites growth severely destabilize the electrode/electrolyte interfaces,resulting in the difficult application of aqueous Zn ion batteries(AZIBs).Hydrophobic protective layer possesses natural inhibition ability for side ***,the conventional protective layer with plane structure is difficult to attain joint regulation of side reaction and Zn ***,a novel three-dimensional(3D)electrically conductive and hydrophobic(3DECH)interface is elaborated to enable stable Zn *** as-prepared 3DECHinterface presents a uniform 3Dmorphologywith hydrophobic property,large specific surface area,abundant zincophilic sites,and excellent ***,the 3DECH interface achieves uniform nucleation and dendrite-free deposition from synergetic benefits:(1)increased nucleation sites and reduced local current density through the special 3D structure and(2)uniform electric potential distribution and rapid Zn^(2+)transport due to the electroconductive alloy chemistry,thus coupling the hydrophobic property to obtain a highly reversible Zn ***,the modified anode achieves a superior coulombic efficiency of 99.88%over 3500 cycles,and the pouch cells using modified anode and LiMn_(2)O_(4)(LMO)cathode retain a capacity of 84 mAh g^(−1)after 700 cycles at a reasonable depth discharge of 36%,without dendrite piercing and“dead Zn.”
Rapid interest in identifying specific biomarkers has been sparked by the development of wearable electrochemical sensors for physiological and biological monitoring via noninvasive measurement. During anaerobic metab...
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Deep learning(DL)models currently employed in materials research exhibit certain limitations in delivering meaningful information for interpreting predictions and comprehending the relationships between structure and ...
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Deep learning(DL)models currently employed in materials research exhibit certain limitations in delivering meaningful information for interpreting predictions and comprehending the relationships between structure and material *** address these limitations,we propose an interpretable DL architecture that incorporates the attention mechanism to predict material properties and gain insights into their structure–property *** proposed architecture is evaluated using two well-known datasets(the QM9 and the Materials Project datasets),and three in-house-developed computational materials ***–test–split validations confirm that the models derived using the proposed DL architecture exhibit strong predictive capabilities,which are comparable to those of current state-of-the-art ***,comparative validations,based on first-principles calculations,indicate that the degree of attention of the atoms’local structures to the representation of the material structure is critical when interpreting structure–property relationships with respect to physical *** properties encompass molecular orbital energies and the formation energies of *** proposed architecture shows great potential in accelerating material design by predicting material properties and explicitly identifying crucial features within the corresponding structures.
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