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International Conference on advanced Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Development, AI2SD 2022

作者： Mehdi, Chrifi Alaoui Nour-Eddine, Joudar Mohamed, Ettaouil Modelling and Mathematical Structures Laboratory Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and Technology of Fez Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University Fez Morocco Research Center STIS M2CS Department of Applied Mathematics and Informatics ENSAM Mohammed V University in Rabat Rabat Morocco

ISBN: (纸本)9783031263835

Nowadays, the overfitting is still one of the major problems that limits the performance of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). To deal effectively with this issue, the regularization technique is the most successively way to improve the performance of models. In this paper, we present a summary of the mathematical study of the most popular regularizers of CNNs including L1, L2 and dropout. Indeed, we describe the interpretation of these regularizers thought their behaviors and their impacts on CNNs. Furthermore, we offer the differences between these methods by comparing the numerical results using MNIST data classification. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Convolution

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Single-cell omics: experimental workflow, data analyses and applications

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science China(Life sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 5-102页

作者： Fengying Sun Haoyan Li Dongqing Sun Shaliu Fu Lei Gu Xin Shao Qinqin Wang Xin Dong Bin Duan Feiyang Xing Jun Wu Minmin Xiao Fangqing Zhao Jing-Dong J.Han Qi Liu Xiaohui Fan Chen Li Chenfei Wang Tieliu Shi Department of Clinical Laboratory the Affiliated Wuhu Hospital of East China Normal University(The Second People’s Hospital of Wuhu City)Wuhu 241000China Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration(Tongji University) Ministry of EducationOrthopaedic DepartmentTongji HospitalBioinformatics DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200082China Frontier Science Center for Stem Cells School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine Shanghai East HospitalBioinformatics DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200082China Research Institute of Intelligent Computing Zhejiang LabHangzhou 311121China Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Shanghai 201210China Center for Single-cell Omics School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization Innovation Center of Yangtze River DeltaZhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314103China Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biologythe Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Beijing Institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesCenter for Quantitative Biology(CQB)Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases Women’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310006China Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science-MOE School of StatisticsEast China Normal U

Cells are the fundamental units of biological systems and exhibit unique development trajectories and molecular *** exploration of how the genomes orchestrate the formation and maintenance of each cell,and control the cellular phenotypes of various organismsis,is both captivating and *** the inception of the first single-cell RNA technology,technologies related to single-cell sequencing have experienced rapid advancements in recent *** technologies have expanded horizontally to include single-cell genome,epigenome,proteome,and metabolome,while vertically,they have progressed to integrate multiple omics data and incorporate additional information such as spatial scRNA-seq and CRISPR ***-cell omics represent a groundbreaking advancement in the biomedical field,offering profound insights into the understanding of complex diseases,including ***,we comprehensively summarize recent advances in single-cell omics technologies,with a specific focus on the methodology *** overview aims to guide researchers in selecting appropriate methods for single-cell sequencing and related data analysis.

关键词： single-cell sequencing genome epigenome proteomics metabolomics multimodal spatial transcriptomics CRISPR screening

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RNA structure determination:From 2D to 3D

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Fundamental research 2023年第5期3卷 727-737页

作者： Jie Deng Xianyang Fang Lin Huang Shanshan Li Lilei Xu Keqiong Ye Jinsong Zhang Kaiming Zhang Qiangfeng Cliff Zhang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA MedicineSun Yat-Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120China Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure Center for Synthetic and Systems BiologySchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of RNA Biology CAS Center for Excellence in BiomacromoleculesInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology&Frontier Research Center for Biological StructureCenter for Synthetic and Systems BiologySchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing 100084China

RNA molecules serve a wide range of functions that are closely linked to their *** basic structural units of RNA consist of single-and double-stranded *** order to carry out advanced functions such as catalysis and ligand binding,certain types of RNAs can adopt higher-order *** analysis of RNA structures has progressed alongside advancements in structural biology techniques,but it comes with its own set of challenges and corresponding *** this review,we will discuss recent advances in RNA structure analysis techniques,including structural probing methods,X-ray crystallography,nuclear magnetic resonance,cryo-electron microscopy,and small-angle X-ray ***,a combination of multiple techniques is employed for the integrated analysis of RNA *** also survey important RNA structures that have been recently determined using various techniques.

关键词： RNA structure RNA structure probing X-ray crystallography Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Cryo-electron microscopy Small angle X-ray scattering

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Mechanical Self-Organization of Particle Networks during Uniaxial Compression Yielding

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Physical Review X 2024年第1期14卷 011035-011035页

作者： Michio Tateno Yinqiao Wang Hajime Tanaka Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8904 Japan Department of Fundamental Engineering Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan

Colloidal gels, sparse particle networks with large voids, are fundamental model systems of disordered porous materials. Unlike dense amorphous solids, they exhibit significant volumetric deformation while expelling solvents when subjected to external compression. Despite their importance in both natural and industrial settings, the relationship between their network microstructure and compressive yielding behavior has remained elusive. To address this problem, we employ confocal microscopy and a specially designed sample cell to observe the gravity-induced collapsing of colloidal gels at a single-particle level. The experimental insight gained is complemented by simulation results for gravitational collapse and homogeneous uniaxial compression. We find that, during compression, the microstructure of gels is uniquely determined solely by the local volume fraction. This relationship remains independent of the deformation strain history but is subtly influenced by the preparation history of the initial state. In contrast, compressive stress evolves as a unique function of local volume fraction, unaffected by both preparation and strain history, as long as the interparticle interaction remains identical. Moreover, we unveil that local yielding occurs in highly strained, narrow network domains, while highly stressed particles form chainlike structures to support the external stress. These findings suggest that colloidal gels undergoing compressive plastic deformation mechanically self-organize into a unique history-independent state to satisfy mechanical balance in a quasistatic condition, providing crucial microscopic insights into the compressive yielding behavior of particle network materials.

关键词： Elastic deformation Mechanical deformation Colloidal gel Brownian dynamics Confocal imaging

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The integral role of high-entropy alloys in advancing solid-state hydrogen storage

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Interdisciplinary Materials 2025年第1期4卷 75-108页

作者： Zhao Ding Yuting Li Han Jiang Yang Zhou Haiyi Wan Junqi Qiu Fangning Jiang Jun Tan Wenjia Du Yu'an Chen Leon L.Shaw Fusheng Pan College of Materials Science and Engineering National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium AlloysNational Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage TechnologyChongqing UniversityChongqingChina State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology School of Textile Science and EngineeringWuhan Textile UniversityWuhanChina Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordOxfordUK Department of Mechanical Materials and Aerospace EngineeringIllinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIllinoisUSA

High-entropy alloys(HEAs)have emerged as a groundbreaking class of ma-terials poised to revolutionize solid-state hydrogen storage *** comprehensive review delves into the intricate interplay between the unique compositional and structural attributes of HEAs and their remarkable hydrogen storage *** meticulously exploring the design strategies and synthesis techniques,encompassing experimental procedures,thermo-dynamic calculations,and machine learning approaches,this work illumi-nates the vast potential of HEAs in surmounting the challenges faced by conventional hydrogen storage *** review underscores the pivotal role of HEAs'diverse elemental landscape and phase dynamics in tailoring their hydrogen storage *** elucidates the complex mechanisms governing hydrogen absorption,diffusion,and desorption within these novel alloys,offering insights into enhancing their reversibility,cycling stability,and safety ***,it highlights the transformative impact of advanced characterization techniques and computational modeling in un-raveling the structure–property relationships and guiding the rational design of high-performance HEAs for hydrogen storage *** bridging the gap between fundamental science and practical implementation,this review sets the stage for the development of next-generation solid-state hydrogen storage *** identifies key research directions and strategies to accelerate the deployment of HEAs in hydrogen storage systems,including the optimization of synthesis routes,the integration of multiscale characterization,and the harnessing of data-driven ***,this comprehensive analysis serves as a roadmap for the scientific community,paving the way for the widespread adoption of HEAs as a disruptive tech-nology in the pursuit of sustainable and efficient hydrogen storage for a clean energy future.

关键词： compositional influence designstrategies high-entropy alloys solid-state hydrogenstorage structural characteristics

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Development of an Electrical Stimulator System for Tactile Temporal and Spatial Study 16

Development of an Electrical Stimulator System for Tactile T...

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16th ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering, CME 2022

作者： Zhang, Jinyan Zhang, Jian Shi, Zhongyan Suo, Dingjie Yan, Tianyi Zhang, Zhilin Wu, Jinglong Beijing Institute of Technology School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing China Beijing Institute of Technology School of Life Science Beijing China Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence Shenzhen Shenzhen China Beijing Institute of Technology School of Medical Technology Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665496995

Because of safety, non-invasive and high temporal accuracy, electrical stimulator has been widely used in most of the somatosensory time, space and frequency studies so far. In this paper, a stimulator system that can present safe and controllable electro-tactile stimuli is designed for the study of human somatosensory systems. It consists of a stimulus unit, a control box for synchronization with EEG and fMRI systems, and a stimulus format software. The system supports up to eight locations simultaneously, and can independently control the current intensity and stimulation frequency of each stimulated location in real time. Confirmatory behavioral experiments show that the stimulation system could support tactile temporal, spatial and frequency discrimination tasks with higher accuracy. The device is expected to be used in the research of somatosensory system in the future. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： electro-tactile somatosensory Stimulator devices

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Harnessing a T1 Phage-Derived Spanin for Developing Phage-Based Antimicrobial Development

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BioDesign research 2024年第1期6卷 28-38页

作者： Wakana Yamashita Shinjiro Ojima Azumi Tamura Aa Haeruman Azam Kohei Kondo Zhang Yuancheng Longzhu Cui Masaki Shintani Masato Suzuki Yoshimasa Takahashi Koichi Watashi Satoshi Tsuneda Kotaro Kiga Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development National Institute of Infectious DiseasesTokyo 162-8640Japan Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience Waseda University2-2 Wakamatsu-choShinjuku-kuTokyo 162-8480Japan Division of Infectious Diseases Advanced Clinical Research CenterThe Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyo 108-8639Japan Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center National Institute of Infectious DiseasesTokyoJapan Division of Bacteriology Department of Infection and ImmunitySchool of MedicineJichi Medical UniversityShimotsuke-shiTochigi 329-0498Japan Department of Engineering Graduate School of Integrated Science and TechnologyShizuoka University3-5-1 JohokuNaka-kuHamamatsuShizuoka432-8561Japan Phage Therapy Institute Comprehensive Research OrganizationWaseda University2-2 Wakamatsu-choShinjuku-kuTokyo 162-8480Japan

The global increase in the prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria has necessitated the development of alternative treatments that do not rely on conventional antimicrobial *** bacteriophage-derived lytic enzymes in antibacterial therapy shows promise;however,a thorough comparison and evaluation of their bactericidal efficacy are *** study aimed to compare and investigate the bactericidal activity and spectrum of such lytic enzymes,with the goal of harnessing them for antibacterial ***,we examined the bactericidal activity of spanins,endolysins,and holins derived from 2 Escherichia coli model phages,T1 and *** these,T1-spanin exhibited the highest bactericidal activity against ***,we expressed T1-spanin within bacterial cells and assessed its bactericidal activity.T1-spanin showed potent bactericidal activity against all clinical isolates tested,including bacterial strains of 111 ***,2 Acinetobacter spp.,3 Klebsiella spp.,and 3 Pseudomonas *** contrast,T1 phage-derived endolysin showed bactericidal activity against *** and ***,yet its efficacy against other bacteria was inferior to that of ***,we developed a phage-based technology to introduce the T1-spanin gene into target *** synthesized non-proliferative phage exhibited strong antibacterial activity against the targeted *** potent bactericidal activity exhibited by spanins,combined with the novel phage synthetic technology,holds promise for the development of innovative antimicrobial agents.

关键词： development antimicrobial developing harnessing phage-based phage-derived spanin

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No Imputation Without Representation 35th

No Imputation Without Representation

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35th Benelux Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, BNAIC/Benelearn 2023

作者： Lenz, Oliver Urs Peralta, Daniel Cornelis, Chris Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science Leiden University Leiden Netherlands Research Group for Computational Web Intelligence Department of Applied Mathematics Computer Science and Statistics Ghent University Ghent Belgium Department of Information Technology Ghent University Ghent Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9783031746499

By filling in missing values in datasets, imputation allows these datasets to be used with algorithms that cannot handle missing values by themselves. However, missing values may in principle contribute useful information that is lost through imputation. The missing-indicator approach can be used in combination with imputation to instead represent this information as a part of the dataset. There are several theoretical considerations why missing-indicators may or may not be beneficial, but there has not been any large-scale practical experiment on real-life datasets to test this question for machine learning predictions. We perform this experiment for three imputation strategies and a range of different classification algorithms, on the basis of twenty real-life datasets. In a follow-up experiment, we determine attribute-specific missingness thresholds for each classifier above which missing-indicators are more likely than not to increase classification performance. And in a second follow-up experiment, we evaluate numerical imputation of one-hot encoded categorical attributes. We reach the following conclusions. Firstly, missing-indicators generally increase classification performance. Secondly, with missing-indicators, nearest neighbour and iterative imputation do not lead to better performance than simple mean/mode imputation. Thirdly, for decision trees, pruning is necessary to prevent overfitting. Fourthly, the thresholds above which missing-indicators are more likely than not to improve performance are lower for categorical attributes than for numerical attributes. Lastly, mean imputation of numerical attributes preserves some of the information from missing values. Consequently, when not using missing-indicators it can be advantageous to apply mean imputation to one-hot encoded categorical attributes instead of mode imputation. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Optical analogs of Bloch-Zener oscillations in binary waveguide arrays: Wave-number-evolution perspective

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Physical Review A 2025年第3期111卷 033525-033525页

作者： Minh C. Tran Truong X. Tran Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics Research Group Science and Technology Advanced Institute Van Lang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Faculty of Applied Technology School of Technology Van Lang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Department of Physics Le Quy Don Technical University 236 Hoang Quoc Viet Street 10000 Hanoi Vietnam

We study optical analogs of Bloch oscillations and Zener tunneling in binary waveguide arrays (BWAs) with the help of the wave-number-based approach. We analytically derive two very simple laws describing the evolution of the central wave numbers of beams in BWAs that help us analytically obtain the propagation distances where the Zener tunneling takes place due to the interband transition and the distances where beams reach the turning points and change direction. These distances just depend on the strength of the linear potential and the initial wave number of input beams. We also show that nonlinearity of the Kerr type has a detrimental influence on the Bloch-Zener oscillations.

关键词： Optical Kerr effect

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Design and research of a Magnetorheological Robot Calf Based on Fuzzy Switchable Damping Control

Design and Research of a Magnetorheological Robot Calf Based...

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Cognitive Computing and Complex Data (ICCD), International Conference on the

作者： Chenglong Zhao Zhen Liu Liucun Zhu School of Mechanical and Marine Engineering Beibu Gulf University Qinzhou China Department of Integrated Systems Engineering Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science Nagasaki Japan Advanced Science and Technology Research Institute Beibu Gulf University Qinzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9798350352894

ISBN: (纸本)9798350352900

Overcoming the effects of terrestrial force on the bot and the person who wears it, and to impart compliant characteristics to the robot, a new calf structure for a lower limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robot has been designed by combining the advantages of Magnetorheological Dampers(MRD) characterised by human calf muscles. A mathematical model of the Variable Stiffness and Damping Actuator(VSDA) was established, and its working principle was analyzed. A fuzzy controller was designed, integrating fuzzy control with switched damping control. Comparative simulation analysis revealed that fuzzy switched damping control offers better performance in terms of human stability and compliance.

关键词： Damping Fuzzy control Magnetomechanical effects Magnetic cores Transfer functions Switches Control systems Mathematical models Stability analysis Robots

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