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Understanding electricity prices beyond the merit order principle using explainable AI

Energy and AI 2023年第3期13卷 149-159页

作者： Julius Trebbien Leonardo Rydin Gorjao Aaron Praktiknjo Benjamin Schafer Dirk Witthaut Forschungszentrum Julich Institute for Energy and Climate Research–Systems Analysis and Technology Evaluation(IEK-STE)52428 JülichGermany University of Cologne Institute for Theoretical PhysicsZülpicher Str.7750937 CologneGermany Faculty of Science and Technology Norwegian University of Life Sciences1432 AsNorway Chair for Energy System Economics Institute for Future Energy Consumer Needs and Behavior(FCN)E.ON Energy Research CenterRWTH Aachen UniversityMathieustr.1052074 AachenGermany Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany JARA-ENERGY 52074 AachenGermany

Electricity prices in liberalized markets are determined by the supply and demand for electric power,which are in turn driven by various external influences that vary strongly in *** perfect competition,the merit order principle describes that dispatchable power plants enter the market in the order of their marginal costs to meet the residual load,*** difference of load and renewable *** market models are based on this principle when attempting to predict electricity prices,yet the principle is fraught with assumptions and simplifications and thus is limited in accurately predicting *** this article,we present an explainable machine learning model for the electricity prices on the German day-ahead market which foregoes of the aforementioned assumptions of the merit order *** model is designed for an ex-post analysis of prices and builds on various external *** SHapley Additive exPlanation(SHAP)values we disentangle the role of the different features and quantify their importance from empiric data,and therein circumvent the limitations inherent to the merit order *** show that load,wind and solar generation are the central external features driving prices,as expected,wherein wind generation affects prices more than solar ***,fuel prices also highly affect prices,and do so in a nontrivial ***,large generation ramps are correlated with high prices due to the limited flexibility of nuclear and lignite ***,we offer a model that describes the influence of the main drivers of electricity prices in Germany,taking us a step beyond the limited merit order principle in explaining the drivers of electricity prices and their relation to each other.

关键词： Electricity prices Merit order principle Explainable artificial intelligence Machine learning Fuel prices Energy market

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Cell-Free Massive MIMO-OFDM: Asynchronous Reception and Uplink Performance Analysis

Cell-Free Massive MIMO-OFDM: Asynchronous Reception and Upli...

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IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Guoyu Li Changsheng You Shaochuan Wu Wenbin Zhang Guanyu Shang Xiaokang Zhou School of Electronics and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Advanced Microscopy and Instrumentation Research Center Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

ISBN: (数字)9798350303582

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303599

Cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) is a promising technology for enhancing the spectrum efficiency in future wireless systems. It leverages distributed access points (APs) to jointly serve multiple users over the same time-frequency resource. In this paper, we study the uplink performance of CF mMIMO orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) wireless systems under asynchronous signal reception. First, we provide a complete and detailed frequency-domain uplink asynchronous signal reception model for CF mMIMO-OFDM systems, which shows that asynchronous reception introduces phase shift, inter-carrier interference (ICI), and inter-symbol interference (ISI) at the receivers. Then, we design the minimum mean square error channel estimation under asynchronous reception. The results indicate that the phase shift, ICI, and ISI destroy the orthogonality of pilot sequences at APs, leading to significant channel estimation error. Furthermore, the FDM pilot sequences prove to be more effective in mitigating the impact of asynchronous reception on channel estimation compared to the CDM pilot sequences. Given the imperfect channel state information caused by pilot contamination and asynchronous reception, we characterize the uplink achievable spectral efficiency under asynchronous reception. The results indicate that severe uplink rate loss mainly arises from phase shift caused by asynchronous reception. Numerical simulation results corroborate our analyses.

关键词： Wireless communication Time-frequency analysis Spectral efficiency OFDM Channel estimation Interference Receivers

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CuPBX 3 and AgPBX 3 Inorganic Perovskites for Solar Cell Applications

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Berhe, Taame Abraha Tsai, Meng-Che Su, Wei-Nien Hwang, Bing-Joe NanoElectrochemistry Laboratory Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei106 Taiwan NanoElectrochemistry Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei106 Taiwan National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsin-Chu30076 Taiwan

One of the possible solutions to the world’s rapidly increasing energy demand is the development of new Photovoltaic device and photoelectrochemical cells with improved light absorption. This requires development of new semiconductor materials which have appropriate bandgap to absorb a large part of the solar spectrum at the same time as being stable in both the ambient and aqueous environments. Here, to the best of our knowledge, we showed computational identification of relevant fully inorganic ternary perovskites materials based on electronic structure calculations for the first time. Our first principles calculations were based on DFT as implemented in the VASP program. The identification is based on an efficient and reliable way of calculating semiconductor band gaps. We found that these materials are suitable for solar cell purpose since their optical bandgap ranged from 1.54 – 2.33 eV-computational calculation and 1.42 -1.93 eV-experimentally determined, which is similar to the CH3NH3PbI3 hybrid perovskites. The outcome of the identification includes new ABX3 type materials: CuPbI3, CuPbBr3, CuPbCl3 and AgPbX3, which warrant further experimental investigations. These materials are direct bandgap materials, which are suggested to absorb broad solar spectrum with distinct advantages in terms of its environmental stability. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Perovskite

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M2F2-Net: Multi-Modal Feature Fusion for Unstructured Off-Road Freespace Detection

M2F2-Net: Multi-Modal Feature Fusion for Unstructured Off-Ro...

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IEEE Symposium on Intelligent Vehicle

作者： Hongliang Ye Jilin Mei Yu Hu The Research Center for Advanced Computing Systems Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou China The Research Center for Intelligent Computing Systems Institute of Computing Technology Beijing China The School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Freespace detection is an important part of autonomous driving technology. Compared with structured on-road scenes, unstructured off-road scenes face more challenges. Multi-modal fusion method is a viable solution to these challenges. But existing fusion methods do not fully utilize the multi-modal features. In this paper, we propose an effective multi-modal network named M2F2-Net for freespace detection in unstructured off-road scenes. We propose a multi-modal feature fusion strategy named Multi-modal Cross Fusion (MCF). MCF module is simple but effective in fusing the features of RGB images and surface normal maps. Meanwhile, a multi-modal segmentation decoder module is designed to decouple the segmentation of two modalities, and it further helps the features of both modalities to be fully utilized. In order to solve the problem that the road edge is difficult to extract in the unstructured scenes, we also propose an edge segmentation decoder module. Extensive experiments show that our approach can lead to significant improvements, which brings 6.1% F1 and 10.8% IoU improvements. Our code will be available at https://***/yhl1010/M2F2-Net.

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Circuit-specific gene therapy is knocking on the door of Parkinson's disease

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Zoological research 2023年第6期44卷 1152-1153页

作者： Yue-Qi Wang Ming Yin Zhe-Shan Guo State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering School of Biomedical EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikouHainan 570228China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province One Health InstituteHainan UniversityHaikouHainan 570228China Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain ScienceShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055 China

Parkinson's disease(PD)is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of individuals *** of PD typically manifest as movement impairments,including bradykinesia,rigidity,tremors,and postural insta... 详细信息

关键词： impairment rigidity

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Toward parallel intelligence: An interdisciplinary solution for complex systems

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The Innovation 2023年第6期4卷 152-164页

作者： Yong Zhao Zhengqiu Zhu Bin Chen Sihang Qiu Jincai Huang Xin Lu Weiyi Yang Chuan Ai Kuihua Huang Cheng He Yucheng Jin Zhong Liu Fei-Yue Wang College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Hunan Institute of Advanced Technology Changsha 410073China Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity Shanghai 200032China Institute of Epidemiology Helmholtz Zentrum Minchen-German Research Center for Environmental Health(GmbH)NeuherbergGermany Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The growing complexity of real-world systems necessitates interdisciplinary solutions to confront myriad challenges in modeling,analysis,management,and *** meet these demands,the parallel systems method rooted in the artificial systems,computational experiments,and parallel execution(ACP)approach has been *** method cultivates a cycle termed parallel intelligence,which iteratively creates data,acquires knowledge,and refines the actual *** the past two decades,the parallel systems method has continuously woven advanced knowledge and technologies from various disciplines,offering vers atile interdisciplinary solutions for complex systems across diverse *** review explores the origins and fundamental concepts of the parallel systems method,showcasing its accomplishments as a diverse array of parallel technologies and applica-tions while also prognosticating potential *** posit that this method will considerably augment sustainable development while enhancing interdisciplinary communication and cooperation.

关键词： execution artificial offering

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Current perspectives on mesenchymal stem cells as a potential therapeutic strategy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第7期16卷 760-772页

作者： Yan Jiang Narazah Mohd Yusoff Jiang Du Emmanuel Jairaj Moses Jun-Tang Lin School of Nursing Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang 453000Henan ProvinceChina Department of Biomedical Sciences Advanced Medical and Dental InstituteUniversiti Sains MalaysiaKepala Batas 13200Pulau PinangMalaysia Advanced Medical and Dental Institute Universiti Sains MalaysiaKepala Batas 13200Pulau PinangMalaysia Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine School of Medical EngineeringXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang 453003Henan ProvinceChina Stem Cells and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan National Joint Engineering Laboratory of Stem Cells and BiotherapySchool of Life Science and TechnologyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang 453003Henan ProvinceChina Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine School of Medical EngineeringXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang 453000Henan ProvinceChina

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has emerged as a significant health challenge,characterized by its widespread prevalence,intricate natural progression and multifaceted *** NAFLD initially presents as benign fat accumulation,it may progress to steatosis,non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,cirrhosis,and hepatocellular *** stem cells(MSCs)are recognized for their intrinsic self-renewal,superior biocompatibility,and minimal immunogenicity,positioning them as a therapeutic innovation for liver ***,this review aims to elucidate the potential roles of MSCs in alleviating the progression of NAFLD by alteration of underlying molecular pathways,including glycolipid metabolism,inflammation,oxidative stress,endoplasmic reticulum stress,and *** insights are expected to provide further understanding of the potential of MSCs in NAFLD therapeutics,and support the development of MSC-based therapy in the treatment of NAFLD.

关键词： Non-alcoholic induced fatty liver disease Mesenchymal stem cells Lipid accumulation Inflammation Oxidative stress Endoplasmic reticulum stress Fibrosis

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Interface suppressed nematicity and enhanced superconductivity of FeSe/NdFeO3 in the low doping regime

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Chihao Song, Yuanhe Wang, Xiaoxiao Lei, Minyinan Chen, Xiaoyang Xu, Haichao Peng, Rui Feng, Donglai Laboratory of Advanced Materials State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Department of Physics Fudan University Shanghai200438 China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai201315 China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China New Cornerstone Science Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing210093 China

The discovery of interface-enhanced superconductivity in single-layer FeSe/oxides has generated intensive research interests. Beyond the family of FeSe interfaced with various TiO2 terminated oxides, high pairing temperature up to 80 K has been recently observed in FeSe interfaced with FeOx-terminated LaFeO3. Here we successfully extend the FeSe/FeOx superconducting interface to FeSe/NdFeO3, by constructing 1uc-FeSe/6uc-NdFeO3/Nb:SrTiO3 heterostructures. Intriguingly, well-annealed FeSe/NdFeO3 exhibits a low doping level of 0.038∼0.046 e−/Fe which deviates universally magic doping level (0.10∼0.12 e−/Fe) and provides a new playground for studying the FeSe/oxide interface in the low electron-doped regime. Comparing it with thick FeSe films at the comparable electron doping level induced by surface potassium dosing, FeSe/NdFeO3 shows a larger superconducting gap and the absence of a nematic gap, indicating an enhancement of the superconductivity and suppression of nematicity by the FeSe/FeOx interface. These results not only expand the FeSe/FeOx superconducting family but also enrich the current understanding on the roles of the oxide interface. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Iron compounds

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Using Ear-EEG to Decode Auditory Attention in Multiple-speaker Environment

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhu, Haolin Yan, Yujie Xu, Xiran Ge, Zhongshu Tian, Pei Wu, Xihong Chen, Jing Speech and Hearing Research Center School of Intelligence Science and Technology Peking University China Center for BioMed-X Research Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University China National Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence Peking University China

Auditory Attention Decoding (AAD) can help to determine the identity of the attended speaker during an auditory selective attention task, by analyzing and processing measurements of electroencephalography (EEG) data. Most studies on AAD are based on scalp-EEG signals in two-speaker scenarios, which are far from real application. Ear-EEG has recently gained significant attention due to its motion tolerance and invisibility during data acquisition, making it easy to incorporate with other devices for applications. In this work, participants selectively attended to one of the four spatially separated speakers’ speech in an anechoic room. The EEG data were concurrently collected from a scalp-EEG system and an ear-EEG system (cEEGrids). Temporal response functions (TRFs) and stimulus reconstruction (SR) were utilized using ear-EEG data. Results showed that the attended speech TRFs were stronger than each unattended speech and decoding accuracy was 41.3% in the 60s (chance level of 25%). To further investigate the impact of electrode placement and quantity, SR was utilized in both scalp-EEG and ear-EEG, revealing that while the number of electrodes had a minor effect, their positioning had a significant influence on the decoding accuracy. One kind of auditory spatial attention detection (ASAD) method, STAnet, was testified with this ear-EEG database, resulting in 93.1% in 1-second decoding window. The implementation code and database for our work are available on GitHub: https://***/zhl486/Ear_EEG_*** and Zenodo: https://***/records/10803261. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Effect of T6I6 treatment on dynamic mechanical behaviour of Al-Si-Mg-Cu cast alloy and impact resistance of its cast motor shell

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Journal of Central South University 2022年第3期29卷 924-936页

作者： CHEN Yu-qiang XU Jia-bei PAN Su-ping LI Ning-bo OU Chen-gui LIU Wen-hui SONG Yu-feng TAN Xin-rong LIU Yang Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of New Energy Storage and Conversion of Advanced Materials Xiangtan 411201China Advanced Research Center Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Hunan Runtai New Energy Science and Technology Ltd. Xiangxiang 411400China

The effect of T6I6 treatment on the dynamic mechanical and microstructure behaviour of Al-Si-Mg-Cu cast alloy was investigated using split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), and highresolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM). Besides, the impact resistances of T6I6 and T6 motor shells of new energy vehicles made of Al-Si-Mg-Cu cast alloy were compared using a trolley crash test. The results indicated that the main strengthening-phases of the T6 peak-aged and T6I6 peak-aged alloy were GP zone and β″ precipitates. T6I6treatment can increase the density and size of β″ precipitates in peak-aged alloy and enhance both its tensile strength(σb)and elongation(δ). The dynamic toughness values of T6I6 samples are 50.34 MJ/m^(3) at 2000 s^(-1) and 177.34 MJ/m^(3) at 5000 s^(-1) which are 20% and 12% higher than those of T6 samples, respectively. Compared with a T6 shell, the overall deformation of T6I6 shell is more uniform during the crash test. At an impact momentum of 3.5×10;kg·m/s, the T6I6shell breaks down at 0.38 s which is 0.10 s later than the T6 shell.

关键词： Al-Si-Mg-Cu cast alloy motor shells T6I6 treatment dynamic mechanical behaviour impact resistance

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