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Highly Reversible Zn Metal Anodes Enabled by Increased Nucleation Overpotential

Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第10期15卷 197-209页

作者： Zhengqiang Hu Fengling Zhang Anbin Zhou Xin Hu Qiaoyi Yan Yuhao Liu Faiza Arshad Zhujie Li Renjie Chen Feng Wu Li Li Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering School of Materials Science&EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing Beijing 100081People’s Republic of China Advanced Technology Research Institute Beijing Institute of TechnologyJinan 250300People’s Republic of China

Dendrite formation severely compromises further development of zinc ion batteries. Increasing the nucleation overpotential plays a crucial role in achieving uniform deposition of metal ions. However, this strategy has not yet attracted enough attention from researchers to our knowledge. Here, we propose that thermodynamic nucleation overpotential of Zn deposition can be boosted through complexing agent and select sodium L-tartrate(Na-L) as example. Theoretical and experimental characterization reveals L-tartrate anion can partially replace H_(2)O in the solvation sheath of Zn^(2+), increasing de-solvation energy. Concurrently, the Na^(+) could absorb on the surface of Zn anode preferentially to inhibit the deposition of Zn^(2+) aggregation. In consequence, the overpotential of Zn deposition could increase from 32.2 to 45.1 mV with the help of Na-L. The Zn-Zn cell could achieve a Zn utilization rate of 80% at areal capacity of 20 mAh cm^(-2). Zn-LiMn_(2)O_(4) full cell with Na-L additive delivers improved stability than that with blank electrolyte. This study also provides insight into the regulation of nucleation overpotential to achieve homogeneous Zn deposition.

关键词： Nucleation overpotential Complexing agent Zn batteries Zn deposition

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Study on coal pyrolysis characteristics by combining different pyrolysis reactors

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第12期76卷 1-9页

作者： Xiaoping Su Zhao Wang Ning Li Longjian Li Ping Zhang Ming Sun Xiaoxun Ma School of Chemical Engineering Northwest Minzu UniversityKey Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composites of the State Ethnic Affairs CommissionGansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research CenterKey Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composites and Biomass in Universities of Gansu ProvinceGansu Province Research Center for Basic Sciences of Surface and Interface ChemistryLanzhou 730030China School of Chemical Engineering Northwest UniversityInternational Science&Technology Cooperation Base of MOST for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon ResourcesChemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei EnergyShaanxi Research Center of Engineering Technology for Clean Coal ConversionCollaborative Innovation Center for Development of Energy and Chemical Industry in Northern ShaanxiXi'an 710069China

The pyrolysis process of Shendong coal(SD)was first studied by combining the characteristics of thermal gravimetric(TG),pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(Py-GC/MS)and Gray-King assay(GK).The results show that the order of coke yields is G-K(76.35%(mass))>TG(73.11%(mass))>Py(70.03%(mass)).G-K coke yield caused by condensation reaction and secondary reaction accounts for 3.08%(mass)and 3.24%(mass),*** with slow pyrolysis,fast pyrolysis has stronger fracture ability to coal molecules and can obtain more O-compounds,mono-ring aromatics and ***,the content of phenolics increases significantly from 15.49%to 35.17%,but the content of multi-ring aromatics decreases from 23.13%to 2.36%.By comparing the compositions of Py primary tar and G-K final tar,it is found that secondary reactions occurred during G-K pyrolysis process include the cleavage of alkane and esters,condensation of mono-ring aromatics with low carbon alkene,ring opening,isomerization of tri-ring aromatics,hydrogenation of aromatics and acids.

关键词： Shendong coal Different pyrolysis reactors Pyrolysis process

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Effects of operating conditions on the performance degradation and anode microstructure evolution of anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第6期30卷 1181-1189页

作者： Xin Yang Zhihong Du Qian Zhang Zewei Lyu Shixue Liu Zhijing Liu Minfang Han Hailei Zhao School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Municipal Key Lab for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies Beijing 100083China Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Safety China Nuclear Power Technology Research InstituteShenzhen 518031China

Performance degradation shortens the life of solid oxide fuel cells in practical *** the degradation mechanism is crucial for the continuous improvement of cell *** this work,the effects of cell operating conditions on the terminal voltage and anode microstructure of a Ni-yttria-stabilized zirconia anode-supported single cell were *** microstructure of the anode active area near the electrolyte was characterized by laser optical microscopy and focused ion beam-scanning electron *** depletion at the anode/electrolyte interface region was observed after 100 h discharge *** addition,the long-term stability of the single cell was evaluated at 700℃for 3000 *** an initial decline,the anode-supported single cell exhibits good durability with a voltage decay rate of 0.72%/kh and an electrode polarization resistance decay rate of 0.17%/*** main performance loss of the cell originates from the initial degradation.

关键词： solid oxide fuel cell Ni-YSZ anode focused ion beam Ni migration electrochemical performance

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Enhanced Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance via Cr Segregation in Nanocrystalline Fe-Cr Alloys

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2023年第12期36卷 1925-1935页

作者： Linshuo Dong Feiyang Wang Hong-Hui Wu Mengjie Gao Penghui Bai Shuize Wang Guilin Wu Junheng Gao Xiaoye Zhou Xinping Mao Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Innovation Research Institute for Carbon NeutralityUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute of Steel Sustainable Technology Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyang 110004China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen MSU-BIT UniversityShenzhen 518172China

Hydrogen is a clean fuel with numerous sources,yet the hydrogen industry is plagued by hydrogen embrittlement(HE)issues during the storage,transportation,and usage of hydrogen *** can compromise material performance during service,leading to significant safety hazards and economic *** the current work,the influence of element Cr on the HE resistance of nanocrystalline Fe-Cr alloys under different hydrogen concentrations and strain rates was *** hybrid Monte Carlo(MC)and molecular dynamics(MD)simulations,it was found that Cr atoms were segregated at grain boundaries(GB)and inhibited the GB ***,Cr segregation improved the strength and plasticity of the nanocrystalline Fe-Cr alloys,especially the HE ***,the Cr segregation reduced the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen and inhibited hydrogen-induced *** work provided new insight into the development of iron-based alloys with high HE resistance in the future.

关键词： Hydrogen embrittlement Molecular dynamics simulations Cr segregation Grain boundary Nanocrystalline materials

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Dual-phase synergistic deformation characteristics and strengthening mechanism of AlCoCrFeNi_(2.1) eutectic high entropy alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion

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Journal of Materials science & technology 2023年第19期150卷 75-85页

作者： Xu Tang Hao Zhang Zhengwang Zhu Peng Xue Lihui Wu Fengchao Liu Dingrui Ni Bolv Xiao Zongyi Ma Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

Eutectic high entropy alloy(EHEA)possesses promising prospects for industrial application due to its controllable and near-equilibrium dual-phase *** to the advantages of high material utiliza-tion,efficient production,and design freedom,the laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)technique provides a new path to prepare EHEA components with complex structure and excellent *** this study,near fully dense AlCoCrFeNi_(2.1) samples were obtained by adjusting the process parameters of ***-sidering the balling phenomenon and powder splashing during the LPBF process,laser remelting was selected as an optimized scanning strategy to further improve the forming quality of *** microstructure of remelted AlCoCrFeNi_(2.1) sample exhibited regular eutectic lamellae consisting of nano-scale face-centered-cubic(FCC)and B2 phases,in which the FCC phase accounted for a higher *** investigating the tensile behavior and deformation mechanism,it was revealed that the ultrafine eu-tectic lamellae could induce a strong dual-phase synergistic strengthening,thereby significantly improv-ing the strength of the *** with the vacuum induction melted(VIM)sample,the remelted sample showed a 54%increase in ultimate tensile strength(UTS-1518 MPa)and a 130%increase in yield strength(YS-1235 MPa)with reasonable *** study indicates that by combining the design and manufacturing freedom of LPBF with the EHEA,it is expected to fabricate high-property 3D EHEA parts,expanding the application field of EHEA.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion Remelting Eutectic high entropy alloy Microstructure Deformation mechanism

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Structural parameters and molecular model of Shendong subbituminous coal

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第12期76卷 124-134页

作者： Xiaoping Su Ning Li Longjian Li Reyila Tuerhong Yongchong Yu Ping Zhang Qiong Su Tao Shen Ming Sun Xiaoxun Ma Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research CenterKey Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in University of Gansu ProvinceGansu Province Research Center for Basic Sciences of Surface and Interface ChemistryCollege of Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Minzu UniversityLanzhou 730124China School of Chemical Engineering Northwest UniversityInternational Science&Technology Cooperation Base of MOST for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon ResourcesChemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei EnergyShaanxi Research Center of Engineering Technology for Clean Coal ConversionCollaborative Innovation Center for Development of Energy and Chemical Industry in Northern ShaanxiXi'an 710069China

Coal has a highly complex chemical structure,similar to polymers,coal is a macromolecular structure composed of a large number of“similar compounds”,which is called the basic structural *** coal structure is the basis of its transformation and ***(SD)coal was analyzed by FTIR,XRD,XPS,and *** results show that SD coal normalized structure formula is C_(100)H_(68.5)O_(35.7)N_(1.2)S_(0.2)and the average number of aromatic rings is 1.98.-CH_(2)-content accounts for about 82%in aliphatic CeH region,and the ratio of ether bond CeO,aromatic ether C-O and C=O is about 2:1:11 in oxygen-containing functional group *** d_(002),L_(C),L_(a)and N_(C)of S_(D)coal microcrystalline structure parameters are 0.1832 nm,1.4688 nm,2.0852 nm and 9.017,*** carbon and aliphatic carbon ratios of SD coal are 55.67%and 29.97%,aromatic cluster size and average methylene chain length are 0.224 and *** on these structural parameters,molecular model of SD coal was constructed with^(13)C SSNMR experimental spectra as a *** model was constructed with an atom composition of C_(214)H_(214)O_(49)N_(2)S.

关键词： Subbituminous coal Structural parameters ^(13)C CP/MAS SSNMR Molecular model

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Programming the lifestyles of engineered bacteria for cancer therapy

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National science Review 2023年第5期10卷 138-153页

作者： Shengwei Fu Rongrong Zhang Yanmei Gao Jiarui Xiong Ye Li Lu Pu Aiguo Xia Fan Jin Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences West China School of Medicine West China Hospital of Sichuan University

Bacteria can be genetically engineered to act as therapeutic delivery vehicles in the treatment of tumors,killing cancer cells or activating the immune *** is known as bacteria-mediated cancer therapy(BMCT).Tumor invasion,colonization and tumor regression are major biological events,which are directly associated with antitumor effects and are uncontrollable due to the influence of tumor microenvironments during the BMCT ***,we developed a genetic circuit for dynamically programming bacterial lifestyles(planktonic,biofilm or lysis),to precisely manipulate the process of bacterial adhesion,colonization and drug release in the BMCT process,via hierarchical modulation of the lighting power density of near-infrared(NIR) *** deep tissue penetration of NIR offers us a modality for spatio-temporal and non-invasive control of bacterial genetic circuits in *** combining computational modeling with a high-throughput characterization device,we optimized the genetic circuits in engineered bacteria to program the process of bacterial lifestyle transitions by altering the illumination scheme of *** results showed that programming intratumoral bacterial lifestyle transitions allows precise control of multiple key steps throughout the BMCT process and therapeutic efficacy can be greatly improved by controlling the localization and dosage of therapeutic agents via optimizing the illumination scheme.

关键词： genetic engineering drug delivery cancer therapy optogenetics synthetic biology

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Enzyme-like adaptive Fe-oxo-Co motifs boost oxygen reduction reaction for efficient Zn-air batteries

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Nano research 2025年第4期18卷 134-143页

作者： Tian Xia Jiawei Wan Xu Zhou Yilei He Fengmei Su Bifa Ji Yongping Zheng Dan Wang Ranbo Yu Department of Physical Chemistry School of Metallurgical and Ecological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Advanced Energy Storage Technology Research Center Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China College of Chemistry and Environment Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Enzyme-like metal atomic site catalysts are promising alternatives of platinum group metals for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in fuel cell *** local coordination structure at metal atomic sites plays a dominant role in optimizing the adsorption/desorption of oxygen intermediates to enhance ORR,but there is still a significant challenge in ***,we report a type of stable and dynamically adjustable mono-oxygen-bridged asymmetric dual-atomic metal catalyst,in which the active Fe-oxo-Co motif demonstrates platinium-like ORR activity with a half-wave potential of 0.92 V *** in alkaline condition and a maximum power density of 228 mW·cm^(-2) in Zn-air *** calculations reveal that the Fe-oxo ligands can act as electron regulators for neighboring Co sites,which optimize and promote the d-orbitals of Co metal shift towards lower energy levels,thereby weakening the adsorption of oxygen species,facilitating the progress of the *** interestingly,the Fe-oxo-Co bond will dynamically change its strength to adaptively facilitate the intermediate steps during the ORR *** design strategy towards enzyme-like adaptive behavior of active Fe-oxo-Co motifs brings significant hope for achieveing high performance fuel cell cathode materials.

关键词： adaptive oxygen reduction reaction dual atomic site Zn-air battery

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Electrically Driven Nonresonant Single Molecular Switches

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第2期6卷 465-472页

作者： Rui Wang Ajun Tang Zhi Li Yunpeng Li Dahui Qu Hongxiang Li Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterFrontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistryInstitute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237

Electrical switching of a single-molecule junction provides a practical module to perform sophisticated operations in electronic ***,designing an all-electrically-driven molecular switch is a great ***,we experimentally and theoretically investigated the charge transport characteristics of isoindigo(ISO)-molecules at the single-molecule level using the scanning tunneling microscope break junction *** find that the single-molecule junctions of ISO-molecules display bias voltage-driven switching *** switches are realtime,reversible,and nondestructive under low-bias *** results show that the mechanism of the switch is not the transition from nonresonant charge transport to resonant charge transport,but it is the shift of the frontier orbital energy levels of ISO-molecules and the change of the interfacial electronic coupling with bias *** results will advance the design of high-performance bias voltage-driven molecular switches.

关键词： single-molecule junction isoindigo molecular switch bias voltage nonresonant charge transport molecular electronics

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Correcting on-chip distortion of control pulses with silicon spin qubits

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第1期34卷 265-271页

作者： Ming Ni Rong-Long Ma Zhen-Zhen Kong Ning Chu Wei-Zhu Liao Sheng-Kai Zhu Chu Wang Gang Luo Di Liu Gang Cao Gui-Lei Wang Hai-Ou Li Guo-Ping Guo CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China(USTC)Hefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Integrated Circuit Advanced Process Research and Development Center Institute of MicroelectronicsChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100029China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China Beijing Superstring Academy of Memory Technology Beijing 100176China Origin Quantum Computing Company Limited Hefei 230026China

In semiconductor quantum dot systems,pulse distortion is a significant source of coherent errors,which impedes qubit characterization and ***,we demonstrate two calibration methods using a two-qubit system as the detector to correct distortion and calibrate the transfer function of the control *** methods are straightforward to implement,robust against noise,and applicable to a wide range of qubit *** two methods differ in correction accuracy and *** first,coarse predistortion(CPD)method,partially mitigates *** second,all predistortion(APD)method,measures the transfer function and significantly enhances exchange oscillation *** methods use exchange oscillation homogeneity as the metric and are suitable for any qubit driven by a diabatic *** believe these methods will enhance qubit characterization accuracy and operation quality in future applications.

关键词： quantum computation quantum dot pulse distortion

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