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The Two Fundamental Shapes of Sleep Heart Rate Dynamics and Their Connection to Mental Health in College Students

Digital Biomarkers 2024年第1期8卷 120-131页

作者： Fudolig, Mikaela Irene Bloomfield, Laura S.P. Price, Matthew Bird, Yoshi M. Hidalgo, Johanna E. Kim, Julia N. Llorin, Jordan Lovato, Juniper McGinnis, Ellen W. McGinnis, Ryan S. Ricketts, Taylor Stanton, Kathryn Dodds, Peter Sheridan Danforth, Christopher M. Vermont Complex Systems Center MassMutual Center of Excellence for Complex Systems and Data Science University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Computational Story Lab MassMutual Center of Excellence for Complex Systems and Data Science University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Gund Institute for Environment University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Department of Psychological Science University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Project Lemurs University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Department of Computer Science University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Wake Forest University School of Medicine Winston-SalemNC United States Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Santa Fe Institute Santa FeNM United States

Introduction: Wearable devices are rapidly improving our ability to observe health-related processes for extended durations in an unintrusive manner. In this study, we use wearable devices to understand how the shape of the heart rate curve during sleep relates to mental health. Methods: As part of the Lived Experiences Measured Using Rings Study (LEMURS), we collected heart rate measurements using the Oura ring (Gen3) for over 25,000 sleep periods and self-reported mental health indicators from roughly 600 first-year university students in the USA during the fall semester of 2022. Using clustering techniques, we find that the sleeping heart rate curves can be broadly separated into two categories that are mainly differentiated by how far along the sleep period the lowest heart rate is reached. Results: Sleep periods characterized by reaching the lowest heart rate later during sleep are also associated with shorter deep and REM sleep and longer light sleep, but not a difference in total sleep duration. Aggregating sleep periods at the individual level, we find that consistently reaching the lowest heart rate later during sleep is a significant predictor of (1) self-reported impairment due to anxiety or depression, (2) a prior mental health diagnosis, and (3) firsthand experience in traumatic events. This association is more pronounced among females. Conclusion: Our results show that the shape of the sleeping heart rate curve, which is only weakly correlated with descriptive statistics such as the average or the minimum heart rate, is a viable but mostly overlooked metric that can help quantify the relationship between sleep and mental health. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

关键词： Wearable technology

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Convergent effects of peptides on the initiation of feeding motor programs in the mollusk Aplysia

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Journal of Neurophysiology 2025年第5期133卷 1368-1379页

作者： Evans, Colin G. Barry, Michael A. Reaver, Carrie N. Patel, Paras R. Chestek, Cynthia A. Perkins, Matthew H. Jing, Jian Cropper, Elizabeth C. Department of Neuroscience Friedman Brain Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Biointerfaces Institute University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Neurosciences Program Robotics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Institute for Brain Sciences Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology Advanced Institute for Life Sciences School of Life Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China

Neuropeptides configure the feeding network of Aplysia. For example, egestive activity is promoted by small cardioactive peptide (SCP), and ingestive activity is promoted by a combination of feeding circuit activating peptide (FCAP) and cerebral peptide 2 (CP-2). In addition, SCP and FCAP/CP-2 have a common network effect that does not contribute to motor program specification. They increase the excitability of an interneuron, B63. In this report, we further characterized the effects of peptides on B63. We performed voltage-clamp experiments and used a step protocol to look at steady-state currents. We found that SCP and FCAP/CP-2 both induced an inward current that was virtually absent in low-sodium saline. Previous work has established that B63 is unusual in the feeding circuit in that subthreshold depolarizations are autonomously generated that can trigger motor programs. Here, we show that this autonomous activity is more frequent in the presence of peptides. Previous studies have also shown that activity of the feeding central pattern generator (CPG) can be initiated by neurons that excite B63, e.g., by cerebral buccal interneuron 2 (CBI-2), a projection neuron that triggers biting-like motor programs. Here, we show that the latency of CBI-2-induced activity is decreased by stimulation of the esophageal nerve (EN) (which releases endogenous SCP). These results, taken together with previous results, indicate that peptides that act divergently to configure network activity additionally act convergently to promote motor program induction. We present data that suggest that this arrangement facilitates brief switches between ingestive and egestive motor activity. © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： central pattern generator invertebrate modulation motor program neuropeptide

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Direct Teaching/Playback Method for the Contact Task of a Six-DOF Manipulator Using a Parallel-Wire-Type Teaching Device with a Remote center Compliance Device 23

Direct Teaching/Playback Method for the Contact Task of a Si...

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23rd International Conference on Control, Automation and systems, ICCAS 2023

作者： Okochi, Tatsuya Sakai, Masao Morita, Yoshifumi Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Program Department of Engineering Gokiso-cho Aichi Nagoya466-8555 Japan Industrial Research Center Aichi Center for Industry and Science Technology Onda-cho 1-157-1 Aichi Kariya-shi448-0013 Japan Nagoya Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Gokiso-cho Showa-ku Aichi Nagoya466-8555 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9788993215274

This study proposes a direct teaching method for the task of pressing an end effector attached to a robot manipulator against a workpiece with a constant force. When performing contact tasks, such as deburring or polishing using a manipulator, a passive compliance is required for the end effector to suppress excessive contact force and impact. Therefore, we developed an end effector that combines a 'parallel wire-type teaching device,' which enables direct teaching, and a compliance device. In the case of pressing a workpiece with a constant force, after teaching the robot's trajectory to trace the edge of the workpiece, the amount of pressing can be calculated from the stiffness of the end effector and the desired pressing force;the robot's trajectory can be edited to teach contact tasks. An experiment was conducted to press a straight trajectory with a constant force as the target value and evaluate the accuracy of force teaching. © 2023 ICROS.

关键词： End effectors

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A Comparative Evaluation of the SIR and SEIZ Epidemiological Models to Describe the Diffusion Characteristics of COVID-19 Polarizing Viewpoints on Online Social Networks 58

A Comparative Evaluation of the SIR and SEIZ Epidemiological...

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58th Hawaii International Conference on System sciences, HICSS 2025

作者： Maleki, Maryam Agarwal, Nitin Systems Engineering Program California State University Dominguez Hills United States COSMOS Research Center UA - Little Rock AR United States International Computer Science Institute University of California Berkeley United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780998133188

To understand and characterize the diffusion trends of opposing viewpoints on Twitter (X), we applied two epidemiological models to six datasets related to COVID-19. We compared the results of the SIR (Susceptible, Infected, Recovered) and the SEIZ (Susceptible, Exposed, Infected, Skeptics) epidemiological models. We collected six datasets indicative of polarizing viewpoints related to contentious subjects surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. Three of the datasets fall into an anti-subject hashtag group, and three of the datasets fall into a pro-subject hashtag group. The timeframe of each dataset is from January 1, 2020, to the end of 2021. Our findings demonstrate that while both the SIR and the SEIZ models are able to evaluate the propagation trends of the polarizing viewpoints, the SEIZ model is more accurate with relatively less error compared to the SIR model. This work sets the stage for ultimately leading to the ability to develop methods to prevent the propagation of ideas that lack scientific evidence while promoting the spread of scientifically backed ideas. © 2025 IEEE Computer Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tweets

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Pursuit-Evasion on a Sphere and When It Can Be Considered Flat 63

Pursuit-Evasion on a Sphere and When It Can Be Considered Fl...

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2024

作者： Milutinovic, Dejan Moll, Alexander Von Manyam, Satyanarayana G. Casbeer, David W. Weintraub, Isaac E. Pachter, Meir Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept. University of California Santa Cruz Santa CruzCA United States Control Science Center Aerospace Systems Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory DaytonOH45435 United States Dcs Corporation DaytonOH United States Air Force Institute of Technology Wright-Patterson Afb Dept. of Electrical Engineering OH United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

In planar pursuit-evasion differential games considering a faster pursuer and slower evader, the interception points resulting from equilibrium strategies lie on the Apollonius circle. This property is instrumental for leveraging geometric approaches for solving multiple pursuit-evasion scenarios in the plane. Here, we study a pursuit-evasion differential game on a sphere and generalize the planar Apollonius set to the spherical domain. We find that the interception point from the equilibrium strategies can leave the Apollonius set boundary and present a condition to keep the intercept point on the boundary. This condition allows for generalizing planar pursuitevasion strategies to the sphere. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Spheres

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Distributed model predictive control without terminal cost under inexact distributed optimization

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Liu, Xiaoyu Dimarogonas, Dimos V. Liu, Changxin Dabiri, Azita De Schutter, Bart Delft Center for Systems and Control Delft University of Technology Netherlands Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Sweden

This paper presents a novel distributed model predictive control (MPC) formulation without terminal cost and a corresponding distributed synthesis approach for distributed linear discrete-time systems with coupled constraints. The proposed control scheme introduces an explicit stability condition as an additional constraint based on relaxed dynamic programming. As a result, contrary to other related approaches, system stability with the developed controller does not rely on designing a terminal cost. A distributed synthesis approach is then introduced to handle the stability constraint locally within each local agent. To solve the underlying optimization problem for distributed MPC, a violation-free distributed optimization approach is developed, using constraint tightening to ensure feasibility throughout iterations. A numerical example demonstrates that the proposed distributed MPC approach ensures closed-loop stability for each feasible control sequence, with each agent computing its control input in parallel. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Predictive control systems

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Multi-view Inspection of Flare Stacks Operation Using a Vision-controlled Autonomous UAV 49

Multi-view Inspection of Flare Stacks Operation Using a Visi...

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49th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2023

作者： Al Radi, Muaz Li, Pengfei Karki, Hamad Werghi, Naoufel Javed, Sajid Dias, Jorge Khalifa University Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Khalifa University Center for Autonomous Robotic Systems Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Khalifa University Department of Mechanical Engineering Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331820

Flare stacks are crucial safety control components in petrochemical plants that required efficient monitoring and inspection. In this work, an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based multi-view operation inspection system for monitoring and assessing the operation of flare stacks is proposed. Image-Based Visual Servoing (IBVS) control is used to guide the autonomous UAV for multi-view visual data collection. Afterwards, the collected visual data is analyzed using a new Multi-View Convolutional Neural Network (MV-CNN) deep learning model to obtain useful conclusions on the system's operation and classify the current state of the observed system. The proposed system's performance was validated in a simulated petrochemical plant environment with operational flare stacks and the results showed superior performance of the proposed MV-CNN model compared to a conventional single-view CNN model. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Inspection

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Enhancing voltage stability in DC microgrid using robust integral sliding mode controller

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Transportation Research Procedia 2025年 84卷 354-361页

作者： Fozia Feroze Kamran Zeb Muhammad Imran Muhammad Khalid School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National University of Sciences and Technology (Nust) Islamabad 44000 Pakistan Interdisciplinary Research Center for Sustainable Energy Systems King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia Electrical Electrical Engineering Department KFUPM Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia

Direct current microgrids (DCMG) have garnered immense popularity due to the absence of frequency synchronization, reactive power compensation, and skin effect issues. However, challenges associated with the voltage regulation of dc bus persist in DCMG. This paper introduces a DCMG consisting of wind, photovoltaic, hydrogen storage system, ultracapacitor, and battery. The primary objectives are to sustain the dc bus voltage and maintain the power balance. Hence, to achieve the desired objectives and for the reliable operation of DCMG, an integral sliding mode controller (ISMC) is proposed. To evaluate the performance of ISMC, DCMG is set up and simulated in Matlab/Simulink. Through comprehensive simulations, the effectiveness of the proposed ISMC is demonstrated. Furthermore, the efficacy of the implemented control approach is validated through the real-time experiments conducted with hardware in the loop.

关键词： Voltage regulation power balance integral sliding mode controller direct current microgrid

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Temporal Mode Conversion in a Waveguide by Fast Motion of its Plates

Temporal Mode Conversion in a Waveguide by Fast Motion of it...

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CLEO: Fundamental science, CLEO:FS 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2024

作者： Solís, Diego M. Yin, Shixiong Galiffi, Emanuele Alù, Andrea Engheta, Nader Departamento de Tecnología de los Computadores y de las Comunicaciones University of Extremadura Cáceres10003 Spain City University of New York Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center New York10031 United States City University of New York Physics Program Graduate Center New York10031 United States Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

We show, semi-analytically and numerically, how the relativistic accelerated motion of a waveguide's parallel plates induces fast mode conversion including reflection, similar to the temporal interface by sudden variation of interplate distance through conductivity switching. © Optica Publishing Group 2024 © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Waveguides

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Optimizing One-Stage Object Detection for URLLC: A Two-Stage Pipeline with Oculi SPU 25

Optimizing One-Stage Object Detection for URLLC: A Two-Stage...

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25th International Arab Conference on Information Technology, ACIT 2024

作者： Moghlebey, Adam Bou Moubayed, Abdallah Injadat, MohammadNoor Lebanese American University Electrical & Computer Engineering Department Byblos Lebanon King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Computer Engineering Department Interdisciplinary Research Center for Intelligent Secure Systems Dhahran Saudi Arabia Zarqa University Data Science & Artificial Intelligence Department Zarqa Jordan University of Business and Technology Jeddah Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540012

Pedestrian-related accidents account for an estimated 20-25% of the approximately 1.19 million road fatalities occurring annually, highlighting the urgent need for enhanced detection systems in surveillance and smart transportation to mitigate such incidents. The escalating demand for Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications (URLLC) in modern surveillance and transportation systems has become a solution to that problem but highlighted significant challenges in reducing inference times of machine learning models, particularly on constrained hardware. The maximum permissible latency for most vehicular applications ranges from 6 to 20 milliseconds based on the application. When tested on an 8GB RAM setup using the NTU, LLVIP, and VIRAT datasets, YOLOv8n achieved a minimum inference time of approximately 200 milliseconds per frame, making it unsuitable for URLLC applications despite 8GB RAM being an adequate hardware setup for edge devices. This research introduces a new two-stage pipeline that integrates Oculi's Sensing and Processing Unit (SPU) simulation with the YOLOv8n one-stage object detection model to enhance pedestrian detection, thereby addressing these challenges. By leveraging Regions of Interest (ROIs) generated by Oculi's SPU, our approach optimizes the input data for the YOLO model, substantially reducing computational overhead and thus making it suitable for URLLC applications. This integration can lead to a reduction in inference time by up to 93% in the tested frames when being compared to YOLOv8n pre-trained model. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Digital storage

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