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IEEE Symposium on Position Location and Navigation (PLANS)

作者： Isaac Skog Manon Kok Gustaf Hendeby Chuan Huang Thomas Edridge School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Delft Center for Systems and Control Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands Dept. of Electrical Engineering Linköping University Linköping Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9798331523176

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523183

Magnetic-field simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) using consumer-grade inertial and magnetometer sensors offers a scalable, cost-effective solution for indoor localization. However, the rapid error accumulation in the inertial navigation process limits the feasible exploratory phases of these systems. Advances in magnetometer array processing have demonstrated that odometry information, i.e., displacement and rotation information, can be extracted from local magnetic field variations and used to create magnetic-field odometry-aided inertial navigation systems. The error growth rate of these systems is significantly lower than that of standalone inertial navigation systems. This study seeks an answer to whether a magnetic-field SLAM system fed with measurements from a magnetometer array can indirectly extract odometry information — without requiring algorithmic modifications — and thus sustain longer exploratory phases. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that such a system can extract odometry information and indirectly create a magnetic field odometry-aided inertial navigation system during the exploration phases. However, practical challenges related to map resolution and computational complexity remain significant.

关键词： Phased arrays Magnetic field measurement Simultaneous localization and mapping Magnetometers Simulation Inertial navigation Odometry Magnetic fields Data mining Sensor arrays

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3D Printed Wideband Multilayered Dual-Polarized Stacked Patch Antenna with Integrated MMIC Switch

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2021年 2卷 38-48页

作者： Kacar, Merve Weller, Thomas M. Mumcu, Gokhan Center for Wireless and Microwave Information Systems University of South Florida TampaFL United States School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Oregon State University CorvallisOR United States

Capability of 3D printing for developing wideband multilayered antenna systems packaged with active RF circuit components remains relatively unexplored. To address this gap, this manuscript demonstrates wideband patch antenna that is integrated with a polarization selection switch. Antenna bandwidth is enhanced with customized substrate thicknesses and stacked patch layers. Switch is integrated with 3D vertical transitions to achieve wide bandwidth, smaller packaging, and low-loss. To enable future antenna array applications, a detailed investigation is also presented to maximize the performance of the microstrip feed lines by adjusting the substrate thickness and deposition process. The antenna consists of 13 dielectric and conductive layers. Specifically, the manuscript demonstrates the lowest attenuation in the literature for a fully printed microstrip line with 0.25 dB/cm measured loss at 18 GHz. The antenna operates with more than 80% radiation efficiency and 45% bandwidth. The polarization switch is embedded within the antenna structure. The antenna retains a high cross-polarization ratio of 20 dB due to 3D feed line transitions and symmetric location of the switch with respect to the antenna feeds. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Microstrip antennas

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Watermarking of OFDM for Pseudonymetry: Analysis and Experimental Results

Watermarking of OFDM for Pseudonymetry: Analysis and Experim...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops, ICC

作者： Meles G. Weldegebriel Jie Wang Greg Hellbourg Ning Zhang Neal Patwari Electrical & Systems Engineering Washington University St. Louis Computer Science & Engineering Washington University St. Louis Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics California Institute of Technology

ISBN: (数字)9798350304053

ISBN: (纸本)9798350304060

This paper presents new results for pseudonymetry, a closed-loop feedback mechanism in which active transmissions are watermarked with a pseudonym that, if it interferes with a protected passive radio receiver, can be demodulated and used to force the transmitter off of the band. This paper addresses amplitude-based watermarking of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) packets. We quantify the ability of a passive receiver to decode the watermark at very low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the impact on the intended communication link. We demonstrate, using a testbed of software-defined radios, that the experimental implementation of pseudonymetry matches the theoretical analysis very closely. Our results quantify a fundamental trade-off in the design of pseudonymetry for OFDM and provide a practical pseudonym receiver design.

关键词： Wireless communication Protocols Databases OFDM Conferences Radio transmitters Watermarking

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Explaining Learned Reward Functions with Counterfactual Trajectories

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wehner, Jan Oliehoek, Frans Siebert, Luciano Cavalcante CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security Germany Department of Intelligent Systems Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands

Learning rewards from human behavior or feedback is a promising approach to aligning AI systems with human values but fails to consistently extract correct reward functions. Interpretability tools could enable users to understand and evaluate possible flaws in learned reward functions. We propose Counterfactual Trajectory Explanations (CTEs) to interpret reward functions in Reinforcement Learning by contrasting an original and a counterfactual trajectory and the rewards they each receive. We derive six quality criteria for CTEs and propose a novel Monte-Carlo-based algorithm for generating CTEs that optimizes these quality criteria. To evaluate how informative the generated explanations are to a proxy-human model, we train it to predict rewards from CTEs. CTEs are demonstrably informative for the proxy-human model, increasing the similarity between its predictions and the reward function on unseen trajectories. Further, it learns to accurately judge differences in rewards between trajectories and generalizes to out-of-distribution examples. Although CTEs do not lead to a perfect prediction of the reward, our method, and more generally the adaptation of XAI methods, are presented as a fruitful approach for interpreting learned reward functions and thus enabling users to evaluate them. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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An overview on the designs of distributed observers in LTI multi-agent systems

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science China(Technological sciences) 2021年第11期64卷 2337-2346页

作者： PEI YingQing GU HaiBo LIU KeXin LU JinHu Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain ComputingBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

With the rapid development of information technologies and cloud computing, sensor networks play an increasingly important role in our society. Over the past few decades, distributed observer theory has attracted unprecedented attention due to its wide potential applications in different areas. Meanwhile, various approaches and algorithms have been proposed and investigated. The design of distributed observers is one of the frontier topics of system and control research, which has the significant theoretical values and broad application prospects. This paper attempts to review the representative models and the corresponding approaches for distributed observer design in linear time-invariant(LTI) systems. Firstly, the research backgrounds and main advances of distributed observer designs are briefly reviewed. Then, recent results of distributed observer designs for discrete-time and continuous-time LTI multi-agent systems(MASs) are introduced in detail, respectively. Finally, the prospects and the future work directions of the design of distributed observers are put forward. The main purpose of this paper is to promote the emerging topic on the designs of distributed observers, with focuses on the interdisciplinary interest from technological sciences.

关键词： multi-agent system linear time-invarient system distributed observer consensus

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Optimized Photonic Integrated Circuit Components for Optical Coherence Tomography at 1060 nm

Optimized Photonic Integrated Circuit Components for Optical...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Senyue Hao Aaron J Adkins Yitian Zhang Chao Zhou Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering Washington University in Saint Louis USA Imaging Science PhD Program Washington University in Saint Louis USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Washington University in Saint Louis USA

To implement optical coherence tomography on photonic chips, we developed optimized and experimentally validated silicon nitride-based components for photonic integrated circuits in order to achieve high sensitivity a... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369311

关键词： Sensitivity Optical coherence tomography Photonic integrated circuits Silicon Electro-optical waveguides Photonics

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Approximate Stability Radius Analysis and Design in Linear systems

Approximate Stability Radius Analysis and Design in Linear S...

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European Control Conference (ECC)

作者： Ananta Kant Rai Vaibhav Katewa Department of Electrical Communication Engineering (ECE) Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bangalore Department of ECE Robert Bosch Center for Cyber-Physical Systems IISc Bangalore

ISBN: (数字)9783907144107

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540920

The robustness of the stability properties of dynamical systems in the presence of unknown/adversarial perturbations to system parameters is a desirable property. In this paper, we present methods to efficiently compute and improve the approximate stability radius of linear time-invariant systems. We propose two methods to derive closed-form expressions of approximate stability radius, and use these to re-design the system matrix to increase the stability radius. Our numerical studies show that the approximations work well and are able to improve the robustness of the stability of the system.

关键词： Linear systems Sensitivity Perturbation methods Europe Stability analysis Robustness Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions

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PathFormer: A Transformer-Based Framework for Vision-Centric Autonomous Navigation in Off-Road Environments

PathFormer: A Transformer-Based Framework for Vision-Centric...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems (IROS)

作者： Bilal Hassan Nadya Abdel Madjid Fatima Kashwani Mohamad Alansari Majid Khonji Jorge Dias Khalifa University Center for Autonomous Robotic Systems (KUCARS) Abu Dhabi UAE Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Khalifa University Abu Dhabi UAE

ISBN: (数字)9798350377705

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377712

The efficient navigation of autonomous vehicles across rugged and unstructured terrains remains a significant challenge. Most existing research in this area emphasizes the need for complex mappings or intricate multi-step methodologies. However, these traditional approaches often struggle to adapt to dynamic changes in environmental conditions. In this paper, we introduce PathFormer, an end-to-end framework designed specifically to address these challenges. PathFormer utilizes transformers to decode free-space semantics and configurations directly from camera images, enabling efficient path planning without the reliance on detailed, pre-existing maps. The performance of PathFormer was rigorously evaluated across diverse datasets, where it demonstrated superior capabilities, outperforming other state-of-the-art methods by 3.68% in precisely segmenting free-space regions and showing a 13.65% improvement in correctly predicting traversable paths.

关键词： Visualization Image segmentation Navigation Semantics Transformers Robustness Path planning Vehicle dynamics Autonomous vehicles Intelligent robots

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Two-Dimensional Reconfigurable Imaginary Gauged Laser Array

Two-Dimensional Reconfigurable Imaginary Gauged Laser Array

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Gao, Zihe Qiao, Xingdu Pan, Mingsen Wu, Shuang Yim, Jieun Chen, Kaiyuan Midya, Bikashkali Ge, Li Feng, Liang Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Department of Physical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur India Department of Engineering Science and Physics College of Staten Island CUNY Staten IslandNY10314 United States The Graduate Center CUNY New YorkNY10016 United States

We demonstrate the first integrated two-dimensional laser array with a reconfigurable synthetic imaginary gauge field. The point-gap topology in this non-Hermitian system manifests as skin modes, which enable persiste...

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

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Breakdown of effective-medium theory by a photonic spin Hall effect

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第11期66卷 145-154页

作者： Shuaijie Yuan Xinxing Zhou Yu Chen Yuhan Zhong Lijuan Sheng Hao Hu Hongsheng Chen Ido Kaminer Xiao Lin Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and ApplicationsSchool of Physics and ElectronicsHunan Normal UniversityChangsha410081China International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Material Information Function Devices and Systems of Guangdong ProvinceInstitute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and InstrumentationZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China International Joint Innovation Center Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang UniversityZhejiang UniversityHaining314400China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics Ministry of EducationCollege of Electronic and Information EngineeringNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing211106China Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices&Smart Systems of Zhejiang Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang UniversityZhejiang UniversityJinhua321099China Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang UniversityShaoxing312000China Department of Electrical Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa32000Israel

Effective-medium theory pertains to the theoretical modelling of homogenization,which aims to replace an inhomogeneous structure of subwavelength-scale constituents with a homogeneous effective *** effective-medium theory is fundamental to various realms,including electromagnetics and material science,since it can largely decrease the complexity in the exploration of light-matter interactions by providing simple acceptable ***,the effective-medium theory is thought to be applicable to any all-dielectric system with deep-subwavelength constituents,under the condition that the effective medium does not have a critical angle,at which the total internal reflection *** we reveal a fundamental breakdown of the effective-medium theory that can be applied in very general conditions:showing it for deep-subwavelength all-dielectric multilayers even without a critical *** finding relies on an exotic photonic spin Hall effect,which is shown to be ultrasensitive to the stacking order of deep-subwavelength dielectric layers,since the spin-orbit interaction of light is dependent on slight phase accumulations during the wave *** results indicate that the photonic spin Hall effect could provide a promising and powerful tool for measuring structural defects for all-dielectric systems even in the extreme nanometer scale.

关键词： photonic spin Hall effect effective-medium theory spin-orbit interaction of light

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