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作者： Kosec, G. Vertnik, R. Šarler, B. Jožef Stefan Institute Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Computing Slovenia University of Nova Gorica Laboratory for Multiphase Processes Slovenia Štore Steel D.o.o. Research Slovenia Centre of Excellence for Biosensors Automation and Process Control Laboratory for Advanced Materials Systems Slovenia

The performance of two pressure-velocity coupling strategies, associated with the primitive variable solution of incompressible Newtonian fluid with the meshless Local Radial Basis Function Collocation Method (LRBFCM), is compared with respect to computational efficiency, stability, accuracy and spatial convergence. The LRBFCM is structured with multiquadrics on five noded support domains. The explicit time stepping is used. The Backward-Facing Step problem (BFS) has been selected as a benchmark problem, previously tackled by several numerical methods. The semi-local fractional step method (FSM) and completely local pressure-velocity couplings (LPVC) are compared. The numerical results are validated against previously published data. The results are represented and compared in terms of a convergence plot of the reattachment position. We show that both approaches provide reasonable results;however, LVPC is less computationally complex and less stable in comparison to FSM. © 2012 WIT Press.

关键词： Computational efficiency

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Provisioning openCL capable infrastructure with infiniband verbs

Provisioning openCL capable infrastructure with infiniband v...

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2011 10th International Symposium on parallel and Distributed computing, ISPDC 2011

作者： Reynolds, Christopher J. Lichtenberger, Zsolt Winter, Stephen Centre for Parallel Computing School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Westminster London United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9780769545400

The availability of low cost high performance hardware such as graphical processing units (GPUs) has been the driving force for considerable change in both traditional high performance computing (HPC), and more recently the data centre. Vendor independent methods of accessing such hardware include the recently standardised OpenCL framework. However, using GPUs as accelerators for certain computational algorithms requires careful provisioning of infrastructure in order to balance cost, power consumption, and device utilization. In this paper we describe vOpenCL, an architecture for provisioning OpenCL capable hardware. vOpenCL works by transparently offloading processing from traditional cluster nodes, to a remotely located farm of OpenCL capable processors such as GPUs. vOpenCL differs from existing provisioning solutions since it provides mechanisms to optimize the data transfers between components. This is achieved through the use of a module/plug in which fully exploits the Infiniband interconnect architecture. We provide full analysis of vOpenCL and all of its plugins, in a range of scenarios including from within virtualized environments. For certain algorithms, we demonstrate that the Infiniband plug in can provide significant performance benefits. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Data transfer

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Diversity-driven self-adaptation in evolutionary algorithms

Diversity-driven self-adaptation in evolutionary algorithms

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International Conference on Advances in Intelligent Control and Computer Engineering

作者： Zeng, Fanchao Decraene, James Low, Malcolm Yoke Hean Zhou, Suiping Cai, Wentong Parallel and Distributed Computing Centre School of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9789400702851

Pareto-based multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs) are currently best solved using evolutionary algorithms. Nevertheless, the performance of these nature-inspired stochastic search algorithms still depends on the suitability of their parameter settings with respect to specific optimization problems. The tuning of the parameters is a crucial task which concerns resolving the contrary goals of convergence and diversity. To address this issue, we propose a diversity-driven self-adaptive mechanism (SAM) for the simulated binary crossover. This novel technique exploits and optimizes the balance between exploration and exploitation during the evolutionary process. This "explore first and exploit later" approach is addressed through the automated and dynamic adjustment of the distribution index of the simulated binary crossover (SBX) operator. We conducted a series of experiments where SAM is applied to the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm to solve the Sphere, Rastrigin, and ZDT optimization problems. Our experimental results have shown that our proposed self adaptation mechanism can produce promising results for both single and multi-objective problem sets. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Field-induced breakup of emulsion droplets stabilized by colloidal particles

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Physical Review E 2012年第2期85卷 020403(R)-020403(R)页

作者： E. Grace Kim Kevin Stratford Paul S. Clegg Michael E. Cates Max-Planck-Institute for Intelligent Systems Heisenbergstrasse 3 70569 Stuttgart Germany Edinburgh Parallel Computing Centre The University of Edinburgh James Clerk Maxwell Building (JCMB) The King's Buildings Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3JZ United Kingdom Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA) School of Physics and Astronomy The University of Edinburgh James Clerk Maxwell Building (JCMB) The King's Buildings Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3JZ United Kingdom

We simulate the response of a particle-stabilized emulsion droplet in an external force field, such as gravity, acting equally on all N particles. We show that the field strength required for breakup (at fixed initial area fraction) decreases markedly with droplet size, because the forces act cumulatively, not individually, to detach the interfacial particles. The breakup mode involves the collective destabilization of a solidified particle raft occupying the lower part of the droplet, leading to a critical force per particle that scales approximately as N−1/2.

关键词： FIELD theory (Physics) DROPS EMULSIONS COLLOIDS PARTICLES FORCE & energy APPROXIMATION theory

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Symbiotic Simulation and Its Application to Complex Adaptive Systems 11

Symbiotic Simulation and Its Application to Complex Adaptive...

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International Workshop/Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications (DS-RT)

作者： Stephen John Turner Parallel and Distributed Computing Centre Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9780769545530

Simulation-based decision support is an important tool in business, science, engineering, and many other areas. Although traditional simulation analysis can be used to generate and test possible plans, it suffers from a long cycle time for model update, analysis and verification. It is thus very difficult to carry out prompt "what-if' analysis to respond to abrupt changes in the physical systems being modeled. Symbiotic simulation has been proposed as a way of solving this problem by having the simulation system and the physical system interact in a mutually beneficial manner. The simulation system benefits from real-time input data which is used to adapt the model and the physical system benefits from the optimized performance that is obtained from the analysis of simulation results. This talk will present a classification of symbiotic simulation systems with examples of applications from the literature. An analysis of these applications reveals some common aspects and issues that are important for symbiotic simulation systems. From this analysis, we have specified an agent-based generic framework for symbiotic simulation. We show that it is possible to identify a few basic functionalities that can be provided by corresponding agents in our framework. These can then be composed together by a specific workflow to form a particular symbiotic simulation system. Finally, the talk will discuss the use of symbiotic simulation as a decision support tool in understanding and steering complex adaptive systems. Some examples of current applications being developed at Nanyang Technological University will be described.

关键词： Adaptation models Analytical models Symbiosis Computational modeling Data models Adaptive systems Real time systems

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Exascale computing - An impossible challenge?

Exascale computing - An impossible challenge?

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NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems (AHS)

作者： Mark Parsons EPCC (Edinburgh Parallel Computing Centre) University of Edinburgh UK

For the past two decades supercomputing has hitched a lift on the microprocessor revolution with year-on-year performance increases driven by microprocessor improvements. The transition from terascale to petascale computing has largely involved incremental improvements to software and hardware but has involved a higher degree of parallelism than ever before. computing at the exascale, where application will consist of tens of millions of threads, will require disruptive changes to hardware and software. This talk will explore some of the challenges and discuss if an exaflop/s is really achievable this decade.

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Provisioning OpenCL Capable Infrastructure with Infiniband Verbs

Provisioning OpenCL Capable Infrastructure with Infiniband V...

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International Symposium on parallel and Distributed computing

作者： Christopher J. Reynolds Zsolt Lichtenberger Stephen Winter Centre for Parallel Computing School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Westminster London UK

关键词： Graphics processing unit Servers Sockets IP networks Kernel Libraries Time measurement

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Trusted Block as a Service: Towards Sensitive Applications on the Cloud

Trusted Block as a Service: Towards Sensitive Applications o...

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IEEE International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in computing and Communications (TrustCom)

作者： Jianan Hao Wentong Cai Parallel and Distributed Computing Centre School of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Cloud computing grows rapidly as today's advanced information technology. However, by allowing outsourcing computation on the Cloud, users risk of disclosing privacy and obtaining forged results. These potential threats block sensitive applications to join the Cloud. In this paper, we characterize sensitive applications on the Cloud (SAND) problem and define two critical security requirements: confidentiality and verifiability. The former refers to the protection of sensitive programs/data from disclosing to other users or even the Cloud administrators. The latter concerns with user's capability to verify whether computing results are faithfully calculated. To address SAND, we propose a new Cloud model, Trusted Block as a Service (TBaaS), to provide a confidential and verifiable environment for each sensitive application. TBaaS limits Cloud provider's access of sensitive applications while granting user the ability to verify whether the computation is faithfully carried out. Moreover, it offers high flexibility and low performance overhead.

关键词： Virtual machine monitors Encryption Protocols Hardware Software

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Scientific workflow makespan reduction through cloud augmented Desktop Grids

Scientific workflow makespan reduction through cloud augment...

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2011 3rd IEEE International Conference on Cloud computing Technology and Science, CloudCom 2011

作者： Reynolds, Christopher J. Winter, Stephen Terstyanszky, Gabor Z. Kiss, Tamas Greenwell, Pamela Acs, Sandor Kacsuk, Peter Centre for Parallel Computing School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Westminster London United Kingdom Dept. of Biomedical Sciences University of Westminster London United Kingdom MTA SZTAKI Computer and Automation Research Institute Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9780769546223

Scientific workflows are common in biomedical research, particularly for molecular docking simulations such as those used in drug discovery. Such workflows typically involve data distribution between computationally demanding stages which are usually mapped onto large scale compute resources. Volunteer or Desktop Grid (DG) computing can provide such infrastructure but has limitations resulting from the heterogeneous nature of the compute nodes. These constraints mean that reducing the makespan of a given workflow stage submitted to a DG becomes problematic. Late jobs can significantly affect the makespan, often completing long after the bulk of the computation has finished. In this paper we present a system capable of significantly reducing the makespan of a scientific workflow. Our system comprises a DG which is dynamically augmented with an infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Cloud. Using this solution, the Cloud resources are used to process replicated late jobs. Our system comprises a core component termed the scheduler, which implements an algorithm to perform late job detection, Cloud resource management (instantiation and reuse), and job monitoring. We offer a formal definition of this algorithm, whilst we also provide an evaluation of our prototype using a production scientific workflow. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

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Distributed computing and modeling & simulation: Speeding up simulations and creating large models 11

Distributed computing and modeling & simulation: Speeding up...

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Simulation Winter Conference

作者： Simon J. E. Taylor Mohammadmersad Ghorbani Navonil Mustafee Stephen J. Turner Tamas Kiss Daniel Farkas Shane Kite Steffen Straßburger ICT Innovation Group School of Information Systems Computing and Mathematics Brunei University Uxbridge UK Centre for Parallel Computing University of Westminster London UK School of Business and Economics Swansea University Swansea UK Upper Courtyard Saker Solutions Alcester UK Parallel & Distributed Computing Centre School of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore School of Economic Sciences Ilmenau University of Technology Ilmenau Germany

Distributed computing has many opportunities for Modeling and Simulation (M&S). Grid computing approaches have been developed that can use multiple computers to reduce the processing time of an application. In terms of M&S this means simulations can be run very quickly by distributing individual runs over locally or remotely available computing resources. Distributed simulation techniques allow us to link together models over a network enabling the creation of large models and/or models that could not be developed due to data sharing or model reuse problems. Using real-world examples, this advanced tutorial discusses how both approaches can be used to benefit M&S researchers and practitioners alike.

关键词： Computational modeling Biological system modeling Data models Educational institutions Computers Grid computing Software

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