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Patterns of somatic structural variation in human cancer genomes (vol 578, pg 112, 2020)

NATURE 2023年第7948期614卷 E38-E38页

作者： Li, Yilong Roberts, Nicola D. Wala, Jeremiah A. Shapira, Ofer Schumacher, Steven E. Kumar, Kiran Khurana, Ekta Waszak, Sebastian Korbel, Jan O. Haber, James E. Imielinski, Marcin Weischenfeldt, Joachim Beroukhim, Rameen Campbell, Peter J. Cancer Genome Project Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Hinxton UK Totient Inc Cambridge MA USA Wellcome Sanger Institute Wellcome Genome Campus Hinxton UK Department of Haematology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Cambridge UK Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea Department of Zoology Genetics and Physical Anthropology University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain The Biomedical Research Centre (CINBIO) University of Vigo Vigo Spain Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS) Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain Department of Zoology Genetics and Physical Anthropology (CiMUS) Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain The Biomedical Research Centre (CINBIO) Universidade de Vigo Vigo Spain The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT Cambridge MA USA Bioinformatics and Integrative Genomics Harvard University Cambridge MA USA Department of Cancer Biology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston MA USA Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston MA USA Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Cancer Research Charlestown MA USA Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston MA USA Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Weill Cornell Medical College New York NY USA Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA Institute for Computational Biomedicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA Controlled Department and Institution New York NY USA Englander Institute for Precision Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine Ne

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The evolutionary history of 2,658 cancers (vol 578, pg 122, 2020)

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NATURE 2023年第7948期614卷 E42-E42页

作者： Gerstung, Moritz Jolly, Clemency Leshchiner, Ignaty Dentro, Stefan C. Gonzalez, Santiago Rosebrock, Daniel Mitchell, Thomas J. Rubanova, Yulia Anur, Pavana Yu, Kaixian Tarabichi, Maxime Deshwar, Amit Wintersinger, Jeff Kleinheinz, Kortine Vazquez-Garcia, Ignacio Haase, Kerstin Jerman, Lara Sengupta, Subhajit Macintyre, Geoff Malikic, Salem Donmez, Nilgun Livitz, Dimitri G. Cmero, Marek Demeulemeester, Jonas Schumacher, Steven Fan, Yu Yao, Xiaotong Lee, Juhee Schlesner, Matthias Boutros, Paul C. Bowtell, David D. Zhu, Hongtu Getz, Gad Imielinski, Marcin Beroukhim, Rameen Sahinalp, S. Cenk Ji, Yuan Peifer, Martin Markowetz, Florian Mustonen, Ville Yuan, Ke Wang, Wenyi Morris, Quaid D. Spellman, Paul T. Wedge, David C. Van Loo, Peter European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) Cambridge UK European Molecular Biology Laboratory Genome Biology Unit Heidelberg Germany Wellcome Sanger Institute Cambridge UK Genome Biology Unit European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Heidelberg Germany University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia The Francis Crick Institute London UK Big Data Institute University of Oxford Oxford UK Wellcome Sanger Institute Wellcome Genome Campus Hinxton UK Big Data Institute Li Ka Shing Centre University of Oxford Oxford UK University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Cambridge UK Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics Centre for Mathematical Sciences University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA Department of Statistics Columbia University New York NY USA Department of Haematology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK University of Leuven Leuven Belgium Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Center for Cancer Research Massachusetts General Hospital Charlestown MA USA Department of Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Center for Cancer Research Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston MA USA Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston MA USA Department of Cancer Biology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston MA USA Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Oxford UK Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University of Oxford Oxford UK University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada Vector Institute Toronto Ontario Canada Vector Institute Toronto ON Canada Department of Computer Science University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Ontario Institute for Cancer Research Toronto Ontario Canada University of California Los Angeles

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UNCOVER: Illuminating the Early Universe — JWST/NIRSpec Confirmation of z > 12 Galaxies

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Bingjie Fujimoto, Seiji Labbé, Ivo Furtak, Lukas J. Miller, Tim B. Setton, David J. Zitrin, Adi Atek, Hakim Bezanson, Rachel Brammer, Gabriel Leja, Joel Oesch, Pascal A. Price, Sedona H. Chemerynska, Iryna Cutler, Sam E. Dayal, Pratika van Dokkum, Pieter Goulding, Andy D. Greene, Jenny E. Fudamoto, Y. Khullar, Gourav Kokorev, Vasily Marchesini, Danilo Pan, Richard Weaver, John R. Whitaker, Katherine E. Williams, Christina C. Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Computational & Data Sciences The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Astronomy The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing Swinburne University of Technology MelbourneVIC3122 Australia Department of Physics Ben-Gurion University of the Negev P.O. Box 653 Be’er-Sheva84105 Israel Department of Astronomy Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Physics & Astronomy Northwestern University IL60201 United States Department of Physics & Astronomy and PITT PACC University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris CNRS Sorbonne Université 98bis Boulevard Arago ParisF-75014 France Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Jagtvej 128 København NDK-2200 Denmark Department of Astronomy University of Geneva Chemin Pegasi 51 Versoix1290 Switzerland Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris CNRS Sorbonne Université 98bis Boulevard Arago Paris75014 France Department of Astronomy University of Massachusetts AmherstMA01003 United States Kapteyn Astronomical Institute University of Groningen Groningen9700 AV Netherlands Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo Japan Department of Physics & Astronomy Tufts University MA02155 United States NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory TucsonAZ85719 United States Steward Observatory University of Arizona TucsonAZ8

Observations of high-redshift galaxies provide a critical direct test to the theories of early galaxy formation, yet to date, only three have been spectroscopically confirmed at z > 12. Due to strong gravitational lensing over a wide area, the galaxy cluster field A2744 is ideal for searching for the earliest galaxies. Here we present JWST/NIRSpec observations of two galaxies: a robust detection at (formula presented), and a plausible candidate at (formula presented). The galaxies are discovered in JWST/NIRCam imaging and their distances are inferred with JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy, all from the JWST Cycle 1 UNCOVER Treasury survey. Detailed stellar population modeling using JWST NIRCam and NIRSpec data corroborates the primeval characteristics of these galaxies: low mass (∼ 108 M☉), young, rapidly-assembling, metal-poor, and star-forming. Interestingly, both galaxies are spatially resolved, having lensing-corrected rest-UV effective radii on the order of 300–400 pc, which are notably larger than other spectroscopically confirmed systems at similar redshifts. The observed dynamic range of z 10 sizes spans over 1 order of magnitude, implying a significant scatter in the size–mass relation at early times. Deep into the epoch of reionization, these discoveries elucidate the emergence of the first galaxies. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galaxies

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NGTS-30 b/TOI-4862 b: An 1 Gyr old 98-day transiting warm Jupiter

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Battley, M.P. Collins, K.A. Ulmer-Moll, S. Quinn, S.N. Lendl, M. Gill, S. Brahm, R. Hobson, M.J. Osborn, H.P. Deline, A. Faria, J.P. Claringbold, A.B. Chakraborty, H. Stassun, K.G. Hellier, C. Alves, D.R. Ziegler, C. Anderson, D.R. Apergis, I. Armstrong, D.J. Bayliss, D. Beletsky, Y. Bieryla, A. Bouchy, F. Burleigh, M.R. Butler, R.P. Casewell, S.L. Christiansen, J.L. Crane, J.D. Dalba, P.A. Daylan, T. Figueira, P. Gillen, E. Goad, M.R. Günther, M.N. Henderson, B.A. Henning, T. Jenkins, J.S. Jordán, A. Kanodia, S. Kendall, A. Kunimoto, M. Latham, D.W. Levine, A.M. McCormac, J. Moyano, M. Osborn, A. Osip, D. Pritchard, T.A. Psaridi, A. Rice, M. Rodriguez, J.E. Saha, S. Seager, S. Shectman, S.A. Smith, A.M.S. Teske, J.K. Ting, E.B. Udry, S. Vines, J.I. Watson, C.A. West, R.G. Wheatley, P.J. Winn, J.N. Yee, S.W. Zhao, Y. Observatoire Astronomique de l’Université de Genève Chemin Pegasi 51 VersoixCH-1290 Switzerland Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Physikalisches Institut University of Bern Gesellsschaftstrasse 6 Bern3012 Switzerland Department of Physics University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road CoventryCV4 7AL United Kingdom Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road CoventryCV4 7AL United Kingdom Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez Av. Diagonal las Torres 2640 Peñalolén Santiago Chile Millennium Institute for Astrophysics Chile Data Observatory Foundation Chile Department of Physics and Astronomy Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Astrophysics Group Keele University StaffordshireST5 5BG United Kingdom Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de Chile Casilla 36-D Santiago Chile Department of Physics Engineering and Astronomy Stephen F. Austin State University 1936 North St NacogdochesTX75962 United States Instituto de Astronomía Universidad Católica del Norte Angamos 0610 Antofagasta1270709 Chile Las Campanas Observatory Carnegie Institution for Science Colina el Pino Casilla La Serena601 Chile School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leicester LeicesterLE1 7RH United Kingdom Earth and Planets Laboratory Carnegie Institution for Science 5241 Broad Branch Road NW WashingtonDC20015 United States Caltech IPAC-NASA Exoplanet Science Institute 770 S. Wilson Avenue PasadenaCA91106 United States The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science 813 Santa Barbara St. PasadenaCA91101 United States Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of California Santa CruzCA95064 United States Department of Physics McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences Washington University St. LouisMO63130 United States Astronomy Unit Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom

Context. Long-period transiting exoplanets bridge the gap between the bulk of transit- and Doppler-based exoplanet discoveries, providing key insights into the formation and evolution of planetary systems. The wider separation between these planets and their host stars results in the exoplanets typically experiencing less radiation from their host stars;hence, they should maintain more of their original atmospheres, which can be probed during transit via transmission spectroscopy. Although the known population of long-period transiting exoplanets is relatively sparse, surveys performed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and the Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS) are now discovering new exoplanets to fill in this crucial region of the exoplanetary parameter space. Aims. This study aims to characterise a new long-period transiting exoplanet by following up on a single-transit candidate found in the TESS mission. Methods. The TOI-4862 system was monitored using a combination of photometric instruments (TESS, NGTS, and EulerCam) and spectroscopic instruments (CORALIE, FEROS, HARPS, and PFS) in order to determine the period, radius, and mass of the long-period transiting exoplanet NGTS-30 b/TOI-4862 b. These observations were then fitted simultaneously to determine precise values for the properties and orbital parameters of the exoplanet, as well as the refined stellar parameters of the host star. Results. We present the discovery of a long-period (P = 98.29838±0.00010 day) Jupiter-sized (0.928±0.032 RJ;0.960±0.056 MJ) planet transiting a 1.1 Gyr old G-type star, one of the youngest warm Jupiters discovered to date. NGTS-30 b/TOI-4862 b has a moderate eccentricity (0.294+−00014010), meaning that its equilibrium temperature can be expected to vary from 274+−3046 K to 500+−5584 K over the course of its orbit. Through interior modelling, NGTS-30 b/TOI-4862 b was found to have a heavy element mass fraction of 0.23+−000506 and a heavy element enrichment (Z

关键词： Satellites

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The repertoire of mutational signatures in human cancer (vol 578, pg 94, 2020)

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NATURE 2023年第7948期614卷 E41-E41页

作者： Alexandrov, Ludmil B. Kim, Jaegil Haradhvala, Nicholas J. Huang, Mi Ni Ng, Alvin Wei Tian Wu, Yang Boot, Arnoud Covington, Kyle R. Gordenin, Dmitry A. Bergstrom, Erik N. Islam, S. M. Ashiqul Lopez-Bigas, Nuria Klimczak, Leszek J. McPherson, John R. Morganella, Sandro Sabarinathan, Radhakrishnan Wheeler, David A. Mustonen, Ville Getz, Gad Rozen, Steven G. Stratton, Michael R. Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department of Bioengineering Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego CA USA Wellcome Sanger Institute Wellcome Genome Campus Hinxton UK Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center San Diego CA USA University of California San Diego San Diego CA USA Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Center for Cancer Research Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Department of Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Yokohama Japan Computational Biology Program Ontario Institute for Cancer Research Toronto ON Canada Programme in Cancer & Stem Cell Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore Centre for Computational Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Centre for Computational Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine National Heart Centre Singapore Singapore Singapore Cancer Science Institute of Singapore National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Singapore Singapore Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome Division of Medical Science National Cancer Centre Singapore Singapore Singapore Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore Human Genome Sequencing Center Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory National Ins

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Genomic basis for RNA alterations in cancer (vol 578, pg 129, 2020)

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NATURE 2023年第7948期614卷 E37-E37页

作者： Calabrese, Claudia Davidson, Natalie R. Demircioglu, Deniz Fonseca, Nuno A. He, Yao Lehmann, Kjong-Van Liu, Fenglin Shiraishi, Yuichi Soulette, Cameron M. Urban, Lara Greger, Liliana Li, Siliang Liu, Dongbing Perry, Marc D. Xiang, Qian Zhang, Fan Zhang, Junjun Bailey, Peter Erkek, Serap Hoadley, Katherine A. Hou, Yong Huska, Matthew R. Kilpinen, Helena Korbel, Jan O. Marin, Maximillian G. Markowski, Julia Nandi, Tannistha Pan-Hammarstrom, Qiang Pedamallu, Chandra Sekhar Siebert, Reiner Stark, Stefan G. Su, Hong Tan, Patrick Waszak, Sebastian M. Yung, Christina Zhu, Shida Awadalla, Philip Creighton, Chad J. Meyerson, Matthew Ouellette, B. F. Francis Wu, Kui Yang, Huanming Brazma, Alvis Brooks, Angela N. Goke, Jonathan Ratsch, Gunnar Schwarz, Roland F. Stegle, Oliver Zhang, Zemin European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute Hinxton UK European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) Cambridge UK Genome Biology Unit European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Heidelberg Germany CIBIO/InBIO - Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Berlin Germany German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner site Berlin Berlin Germany European Molecular Biology Laboratory Genome Biology Unit Heidelberg Germany Division of Computational Genomics and Systems Genetics German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA Weill Cornell Medical College New York NY USA SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics Lausanne Switzerland University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland Computational Biology Center Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA Department of Biology ETH Zurich Zürich Switzerland Department of Computer Science ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Korea University Seoul South Korea Computational and Systems Biology Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA Institute for Computational Biomedicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA Controlled Department and Institution New York NY USA Englander Institute for Precision Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Genome Institute of Singapore Singapore Singapore Computational and Systems Biology Genome Institute of Singap

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The Early Light Curve of SN 2023bee: Constraining Type Ia Supernova Progenitors the Apian Way

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Hosseinzadeh, Griffin Sand, David J. Sarbadhicary, Sumit K. Ryder, Stuart D. Jha, Saurabh W. Dong, Yize Bostroem, K. Azalee Andrews, Jennifer E. Hoang, Emily Janzen, Daryl Jencson, Jacob E. Lundquist, Michael Meza Retamal, Nicolas E. Pearson, Jeniveve Shrestha, Manisha Valenti, Stefano Wyatt, Samuel Farah, Joseph Howell, D. Andrew McCully, Curtis Newsome, Megan Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla Pellegrino, Craig Terreran, Giacomo Alzaabi, Muzoun Green, Elizabeth M. Gurney, Jessica L. Milne, Peter A. Ridenhour, Kaycee I. Smith, Nathan Robles, Paulina Soto Kwok, Lindsey A. Schwab, Michaela Gromadzki, Mariusz Buckley, David A.H. Itagaki, Koichi Hiramatsu, Daichi Chomiuk, Laura Lundqvist, Peter Haislip, Joshua Kouprianov, Vladimir Reichart, Daniel E. Steward Observatory University of Arizona 933 North Cherry Avenue TucsonAZ85721-0065 United States Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics Ohio State University 191 West Woodruff Avenue ColumbusOH43210-1117 United States School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Macquarie University SydneyNSW2109 Australia Astrophysics and Space Technologies Research Centre Macquarie University SydneyNSW2109 Australia Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers The State University of New Jersey 136 Frelinghuysen Road PiscatawayNJ08854-8019 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California Davis 1 Shields Avenue DavisCA95616-5270 United States Gemini Observatory 670 North A‘ohoku Place HiloHI96720-2700 United States Department of Physics & Engineering Physics University of Saskatchewan 116 Science Place SaskatoonSKS7N 5E2 Canada W. M. Keck Observatory 65-1120 Māmalahoa Highway KamuelaHI96743-8431 United States Department of Astronomy University of Washington 3910 15th Avenue NE SeattleWA98195-0002 United States Las Cumbres Observatory 6740 Cortona Drive Suite 102 GoletaCA93117-5575 United States Department of Physics University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106-9530 United States Astronomical Observatory University of Warsaw Al. Ujazdowskie 4 Warszawa00-478 Poland South African Astronomical Observatory P.O. Box 9 Observatory7935 South Africa Department of Physics University of the Free State P.O. Box 339 Bloemfontein9300 South Africa Department of Astronomy University of Cape Town Private Bag X3 Rondebosch7701 South Africa Itagaki Astronomical Observatory Yamagata990-2492 Japan Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138-1516 United States The NSF AI Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Fundamental Interactions United States Center for Data Intensive and Time Domain Astronomy Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University East LansingMI48

We present very early photometric and spectroscopic observations of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2023bee, starting about 8 hr after the explosion, which reveal a strong excess in the optical and nearest UV (U and UVW1) bands during the first several days of explosion. This data set allows us to probe the nature of the binary companion of the exploding white dwarf and the conditions leading to its ignition. We find a good match to the Kasen model in which a main-sequence companion star stings the ejecta with a shock as they buzz past. Models of double detonations, shells of radioactive nickel near the surface, interaction with circumstellar material, and pulsational delayed detonations do not provide good matches to our light curves. We also observe signatures of unburned material, in the form of carbon absorption, in our earliest spectra. Our radio nondetections place a limit on the mass-loss rate from the putative companion that rules out a red giant but allows a main-sequence star. We discuss our results in the context of other similar SNe Ia in the literature. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Detonation

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Most of the photons that reionized the Universe came from dwarf galaxies

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Atek, Hakim Labbé, Ivo Furtak, Lukas J. Chemerynska, Iryna Fujimoto, Seiji Setton, David J. Miller, Tim B. Oesch, Pascal Bezanson, Rachel Price, Sedona H. Dayal, Pratika Zitrin, Adi Kokorev, Vasily Weaver, John R. Brammer, Gabriel van Dokkum, Pieter Williams, Christina C. Cutler, Sam E. Feldmann, Robert Fudamoto, Yoshinobu Greene, Jenny E. Leja, Joel Maseda, Michael V. Muzzin, Adam Pan, Richard Papovich, Casey Nelson, Erica J. Nanayakkara, Themiya Stark, Daniel P. Stefanon, Mauro Suess, Katherine A. Wang, Bingjie Whitaker, Katherine E. Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris CNRS Sorbonne Université 98bis Boulevard Arago Paris75014 France Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing Swinburne University of Technology MelbourneVIC3122 Australia Physics Department Ben-Gurion University of the Negev P.O. Box 653 Be’er-Sheva84105 Israel Department of Astronomy The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy PITT PACC University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States Department of Physics & Astronomy Northwestern University IL60201 United States Department of Astronomy University of Geneva Chemin Pegasi 51 Versoix1290 Switzerland Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Jagtvej 128 København NDK-2200 Denmark Kapteyn Astronomical Institute University of Groningen P.O. Box 800 Groningen9700 AV Netherlands Department of Astronomy University of Massachusetts AmherstMA01003 United States Department of Astronomy Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory 950 N. Cherry Avenue TucsonAZ85719 United States Steward Observatory University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University 4 Ivy Lane PrincetonNJ08544 United States Institute for Computational Science University of Zurich ZurichCH-8057 Switzerland Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo Japan Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Computational & Data Sciences The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Astronomy Universi

The identification of sources driving cosmic reionization, a major phase transition from neutral Hydrogen to ionized plasma around 600-800 Myr after the Big Bang,1, 2, 3 has been a matter of intense debate.4 Some models suggest that high ionizing emissivity and escape fractions (fesc) from quasars support their role in driving cosmic reionization.8, 9 Others propose that the high fesc values from bright galaxies generates sufficient ionizing radiation to drive this process.5 Finally, a few studies suggest that the number density of faint galaxies, when combined with a stellar-mass-dependent model of ionizing efficiency and fesc can effectively dominate cosmic reionization.6, 7 However, so far, low-mass galaxies have eluded comprehensive spectroscopic studies owing to their extreme faintness. Here we report an analysis of eight ultra-faint galaxies (in a very small field) during the epoch of reionization with absolute magnitudes between MUV ∼ −17 to −15 mag (down to 0.005 L★10, 11). We find that faint galaxies during the Universe’s first billion years produce ionizing photons with log(ξion/ Hz erg−1) =25.80 ± 0.14, a factor of 4 higher than commonly assumed values.22 If this field is representative of the large scale distribution of faint galaxies, the rate of ionizing photons exceeds that needed for reionization, even for escape fractions of order five per cent. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Galaxies

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First-passage and first-hitting times of Lévy flights and Lévy walks

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Palyulin, Vladimir V. Blackburn, George Lomholt, Michael A. Watkins, Nicholas W. Metzler, Ralf Klages, Rainer Chechkin, Aleksei V. Centre for Computational and Data-Intensive Science and Engineering Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Nobelya Ulitsa 3 Moscow121205 Russia Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems Nöthnitzer Straße 38 DresdenD-01187 Germany £ Centre for Fusion Space and Astrophysics University of Warwick Coventry United Kingdom MEMPHYS - Centre for Biomembrane Physics Department of Physics Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Southern Denmark Odense M5230 Denmark Institute for Physics & Astronomy University of Potsdam Potsdam-GolmD-14476 Germany Centre for the Analysis of Time Series London School of Economics and Political Sciences London United Kingdom Faculty of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics Open University Milton Keynes United Kingdom Institut für Theoretische Physik Technische Universität Berlin Hardenbergstraße 36 Berlin10623 Germany Queen Mary University of London School of Mathematical Sciences Mile End Road LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom Akhiezer Institute for Theoretical Physics National Science Centre "Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology" Kharkov61108 Ukraine

For both Lévy flight and Lévy walk search processes we analyse the full distribution of first-passage and first-hitting (or first-arrival) times. These are, respectively, the times when the particle moves across a point at some given distance from its initial position for the first time, or when it lands at a given point for the first time. For Lévy motions with their propensity for long relocation events and thus the possibility to jump across a given point in space without actually hitting it ("leapovers"), these two definitions lead to significantly different results. We study the first-passage and first-hitting time distributions as functions of the Lévy stable index, highlighting the different behaviour for the cases when the first absolute moment of the jump length distribution is finite or infinite. In particular we examine the limits of short and long times. Our results will find their application in the mathematical modelling of random search processes as well as computer algorithms. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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On the generalization of DIRECTFN for singular integrals over quadrilateral patches

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Tambova, Alexandra Litsarev, Mikhail Guryev, Georgy Polimeridis, Athanasios G. Center for Computational Data-Intensive Science and Engineering Skoltech Moscow Russia

A set of fully numerical algorithms for evaluating the four-dimensional singular integrals arising from Galerkin surface integral equation methods over conforming quadrilateral meshes is presented. This work is an extension of DIRECTFN, which was recently developed for the case of triangular patches, utilizing in a same fashion a series of coordinate transformations together with appropriate integration re-orderings. The resulting formulas consist of sufficiently smooth kernels and exhibit several favorable characteristics when compared with the vast majority of the methods currently available. More specifically, they can be applied-without modifications-to the following challenging cases: 1) weakly and strongly singular kernels, 2) basis and testing functions of arbitrary order, 3) planar and curvilinear patches, 4) problem-specific Green functions (e.g. expressed in spectral integral form), 5) spectral convergence to machine precision. Finally, we show that the overall performance of the fully numerical schemes can be further improved by a judicious choice of the integration order for each dimension. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galerkin methods

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