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Structured ionized winds shooting out from a quasar at relativistic speeds

Nature 2025年 2025 May 14页

作者： XRISM collaboration Department of Astronomy University of Geneva Versoix Switzerland Department of Physics Ehime University Ehime Japan Department of Astronomy University of Maryland College Park MD USA NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USA Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology II (CRESST II) NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USA Center for Space Sciences and Technology University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC) Baltimore MD USA Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA Department of Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department of Physics Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian Cambridge MA USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA Department of Astronomy University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research Leiden The Netherlands Leiden Observatory Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands ESO Garching bei München Germany Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy Department of Physics Durham University Durham UK Kavli IPMU (WPI) UTIAS University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba Japan Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Sagamihara Japan Department of Physics Saitama University Saitama Japan Department of Physics Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Department of Economics Kumamoto Gakuen University Kumamoto Japan Department of Physics Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan Department of Physics Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan Department of Physics Fujita Health University Toyoake Japan Department of Astronomy and Physics Saint Mary’s University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC) Europea

Evidence indicates that supermassive black holes (SMBHs) exist at the centres of most galaxies. Their mass correlates with the galactic bulge mass, suggesting a coevolution with their host galaxies, most likely through powerful winds. X-ray observations have detected highly ionized winds outflowing at sub-relativistic speeds from the accretion disks around SMBHs. However, the limited spectral resolution of present X-ray instruments has left the physical structure and location of the winds poorly understood, hindering accurate estimates of their kinetic power. Here the first X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM) observation of the luminous quasar PDS 456 is reported. The high-resolution spectrometer Resolve aboard XRISM enabled the discovery of five discrete velocity components outflowing at 20-30% of the speed of light. This demonstrates that the wind structure is highly inhomogeneous, which probably consists of up to a million clumps. The mass outflow rate is estimated to be 60-300 solar masses per year, with the wind kinetic power exceeding the Eddington luminosity limit. Compared with the galaxy-scale outflows, the kinetic power is more than three orders of magnitude larger, whereas the momentum flux is ten times larger. These estimates disfavour both energy-driven and momentum-driven outflow models. This suggests that such wind activity occurs in less than 10% of the quasar phase and/or that its energy/momentum is not efficiently transferred to the galaxy-scale outflows owing to the clumpiness of the wind and the interstellar medium.

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Author Correction: Community assessment of methods to deconvolve cellular composition from bulk gene expression

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Nature communications 2024年第1期15卷 9783页

作者： Brian S White Aurélien de Reyniès Aaron M Newman Joshua J Waterfall Andrew Lamb Florent Petitprez Yating Lin Rongshan Yu Martin E Guerrero-Gimenez Sergii Domanskyi Gianni Monaco Verena Chung Jineta Banerjee Daniel Derrick Alberto Valdeolivas Haojun Li Xu Xiao Shun Wang Frank Zheng Wenxian Yang Carlos A Catania Benjamin J Lang Thomas J Bertus Carlo Piermarocchi Francesca P Caruso Michele Ceccarelli Thomas Yu Xindi Guo Julie Bletz John Coller Holden Maecker Caroline Duault Vida Shokoohi Shailja Patel Joanna E Liliental Stockard Simon Julio Saez-Rodriguez Laura M Heiser Justin Guinney Andrew J Gentles Sage Bionetworks Seattle WA USA. The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine Farmington CT USA. Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM U1138 Université Paris Cité Paris France. Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA. Department of Biomedical Data Science Stanford University Stanford CA USA. INSERM U830 and Translational Research Department Institut Curie PSL Research University Paris France. Programme Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer Paris France. MRC Centre for Reproductive Health the Queen's Medical Research Institute University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom. Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian China. Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology School of Medicine National University of Cuyo Mendoza Argentina. Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA. BIOGEM Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics Ariano Irpino AV Italy. Department of Biomedical Engineering Knight Cancer Institute Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR USA. Heidelberg University Faculty of Medicine Heidelberg Germany. Heidelberg University Hospital Institute for Computational Biomedicine Bioquant Heidelberg Germany. Aginome Scientific Xiamen Fujian China. Department of Pathology Cancer Hospital Chinese Aacdemy of Medical Science Beijing China. AmoyDx Xiamen Fujian China. Laboratory of Intelligent Systems (LABSIN) Engineering School National University of Cuyo Mendoza Argentina. Department of Radiation Oncology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI) University of Naples "Federico II" Ariano Irpino AV Italy. Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center Department of Public Health Sciences University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami Florida USA. Stanford Functional Genomics Facility Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA. Institute fo

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Polygenic enrichment distinguishes disease associations of individual cells in single-cell RNA-seq data

Research Square

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Research Square 2021年

作者： Zhang, Martin Jinye Hou, Kangcheng Pasaniuc, Bogdan Price, Alkes L. Dey, Kushal K. Jagadeesh, Karthik A. Weinand, Kathryn Sakaue, Saori Taychameekiatchai, Aris Rao, Poorvi Pisco, Angela Oliveira Zou, James Wang, Bruce Gandal, Michael Raychaudhuri, Soumya Harvard University United States Osaka University Japan Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health BostonMA United States Program in Medical and Population Genetics Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard CambridgeMA United States Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA United States Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA United States Department of Computational Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA United States Center for Data Sciences Brigham and Women’s Hospital BostonMA United States Division of Genetics Department of Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Division of Rheumatology Inflammation and Immunity Department of Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Department of Biomedical Informatics Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Department of Medicine and Liver Center University of California San Francisco San FranciscoCA United States Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Program University of California San Francisco San FranciscoCA United States Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San FranciscoCA United States Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University Palo AltoCA United States Department of Biomedical Data Science Stanford University Palo AltoCA United States Department of Psychiatry David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA United States Department of Human Genetics David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA United States Program in Neurobehavioral Genetics Semel Institute David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA United States Versus Arthritis Centre for Genetics and Genomic

Gene expression at the individual cell-level resolution, as quantified by single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), can provide unique insights into the pathology and cellular origin of diseases and complex traits. Here, we introduce single-cell Disease Relevance Score (scDRS), an approach that links scRNA-seq with polygenic risk of disease at individual cell resolution;scDRS identifies individual cells that show excess expression levels for genes in a disease-specific gene set constructed from GWAS data. We determined via simulations that scDRS is well-calibrated and powerful in identifying individual cells associated to disease. We applied scDRS to GWAS data from 74 diseases and complex traits (average N =341K) in conjunction with 16 scRNA-seq data sets spanning 1.3 million cells from 31 tissues and organs. At the cell type level, scDRS broadly recapitulated known links between classical cell types and disease, and also produced novel biologically plausible findings. At the individual cell level, scDRS identified subpopulations of disease-associated cells that are not captured by existing cell type labels, including subpopulations of CD4+ T cells associated with inflammatory bowel disease, partially characterized by their effector-like states;subpopulations of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons associated with schizophrenia, partially characterized by their spatial location at the proximal part of the hippocampal CA1 region;and subpopulations of hepatocytes associated with triglyceride levels, partially characterized by their higher ploidy levels. At the gene level, we determined that genes whose expression across individual cells was correlated with the scDRS score (thus reflecting co-expression with GWAS disease genes) were strongly enriched for gold-standard drug target and Mendelian disease genes. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： RNA

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Correction: Co-infection and ICU-acquired infection in COVID-19 ICU patients: a secondary analysis of the UNITE-COVID data set

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Critical care (London, England) 2022年第1期26卷 249页

作者： Andrew Conway Morris Katharina Kohler Thomas De Corte Ari Ercole Harm-Jan De Grooth Paul W G Elbers Pedro Povoa Rui Morais Despoina Koulenti Sameer Jog Nathan Nielsen Alasdair Jubb Maurizio Cecconi Jan De Waele Division of Anaesthesia Department of Medicine Level 4 Addenbrooke's Hospital University of Cambridge Hills Road Cambridge UK. Ac926@cam.ac.uk. Division of Immunology Department of Pathology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK. Ac926@cam.ac.uk. JVF Intensive Care Unit Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge UK. Ac926@cam.ac.uk. Division of Anaesthesia Department of Medicine Level 4 Addenbrooke's Hospital University of Cambridge Hills Road Cambridge UK. Department of Intensive Care Medicine Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium. Dept of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University Ghent Belgium. Neurocritical Care Unit Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge UK. Department of Intensive Care Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands. Laboratory for Critical Care Computational Intelligence Amsterdam Medical Data Science Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam The Netherlands. Nova Medical School New University Lisbon Portugal. Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology OUH Odense University Hospital Odense Denmark. Polyvalent Intensive Care Unit Hospital de São Francisco Xavier CHLO Lisbon Portugal. 2Nd Critical Care Department Attikon University Hospital University of Athens Athens Greece. UQ Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR) Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia. Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital and Research Center Pune India. Divisions of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine and Transfusion Medicine University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque NM USA. Department of Anaesthesia Humanitas University Milan Italy.

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V-LoTSS: The Circularly-Polarised LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Callingham, J.R. Shimwell, T.W. Vedantham, H.K. Bassa, C.G. O’Sullivan, S.P. Yiu, T.W.H. Bloot, S. Best, P.N. Hardcastle, M.J. Haverkorn, M. Kavanagh, R.D. Lamy, L. Pope, B.J.S. Röttgering, H.J.A. Schwarz, D.J. Tasse, C. van Weeren, R.J. White, G.J. Zarka, P. Bomans, D.J. Bonafede, A. Bonato, M. Botteon, A. Bruggen, M. Chyży, K.T. Drabent, A. Emig, K.L. Gloudemans, A.J. Gürkan, G. Hajduk, M. Hoang, D.N. Hoeft, M. Iacobelli, M. Kadler, M. Kunert-Bajraszewska, M. Mingo, B. Morabito, L.K. Nair, D.G. Pérez-Torres, M. Ray, T.P. Riseley, C.J. Rowlinson, A. Shulevski, A. Sweijen, F. Timmerman, R. Vaccari, M. Zheng, J. Leiden Observatory Leiden University PO Box 9513 Leiden2300 RA Netherlands ASTRON Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4 Dwingeloo7991 PD Netherlands Kapteyn Astronomical Institute University of Groningen PO Box 800 Groningen9700 AV Netherlands School of Physical Sciences Centre for Astrophysics & Relativity Dublin City University GlasnevinD09 W6Y4 Ireland Institute for Astronomy University of Edinburgh Royal Observatory Blackford Hill EdinburghEH9 3HJ United Kingdom Centre for Astrophysics Research Department of Physics Astronomy and Mathematics University of Hertfordshire College Lane HatfieldAL10 9AB United Kingdom Department of Astrophysics IMAPP Radboud University PO Box 9010 Nijmegen6500 GL Netherlands LESIA Observatoire de Paris Université PSL CNRS Sorbonne Université Université de Paris 5 Place Jules Janssen Meudon92195 France Aix Marseille Université CNRS CNES LAM 38 Rue Frédéric Joliot Curie Marseille13013 France School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland St LuciaQLD4072 Australia Centre for Astrophysics University of Southern Queensland West Street ToowoombaQLD4350 Australia Fakultät für Physik Universität Bielefeld Postfach 100131 Bielefeld33501 Germany GEPI & ORN Observatoire de Paris Université PSL CNRS 5 Place Jules Janssen Meudon92190 France Department of Physics & Electronics Rhodes University PO Box 94 Grahamstown6140 South Africa School for Physical Sciences The Open University Milton KeynesMK11 9DL United Kingdom Space Science and Technology Division RALSpace STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Chilton DidcotOX11 0NX United Kingdom ORN Observatoire de Paris CNRS PSL Université d’Orléans Nançay France Faculty of Physics and Astronomy Astronomical Institute Universitätsstr. 150 Bochum44801 Germany Universitá di Bologna via Gobetti 93/2 Bologna40129 Italy via Gobetti 101 Bologna40129 Italy Hamburger Sternwarte Universität Hamburg Goje

We present the detection of 68 sources from the most sensitive radio survey in circular polarisation conducted to date. We use the second data release of the 144 MHz LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey to produce circularly-polarised maps with median 140 µJy beam−1 noise and resolution of 2000 for ≈27% of the northern sky (5634 deg2). The leakage of total intensity into circular polarisation is measured to be ≈ 0.06%, and our survey is complete at flux densities ≥ 1 mJy. A detection is considered reliable when the circularly-polarised fraction exceeds 1%. We find the population of circularly-polarised sources is composed of four distinct classes: stellar systems, pulsars, active galactic nuclei, and sources unidentified in the literature. The stellar systems can be further separated into chromospherically-active stars, M dwarfs, and brown dwarfs. Based on the circularly-polarised fraction and lack of an optical counterpart, we show it is possible to infer whether the unidentified sources are likely unknown pulsars or brown dwarfs. By the completion of this survey of the northern sky, we expect to detect 300±100 circularly-polarised sources. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Polarization

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Genetic drivers of heterogeneity in type 2 diabetes pathophysiology

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Nature 2024年第8003期627卷 347-357页

作者： Ken Suzuki Konstantinos Hatzikotoulas Lorraine Southam Henry J Taylor Xianyong Yin Kim M Lorenz Ravi Mandla Alicia Huerta-Chagoya Giorgio E M Melloni Stavroula Kanoni Nigel W Rayner Ozvan Bocher Ana Luiza Arruda Kyuto Sonehara Shinichi Namba Simon S K Lee Michael H Preuss Lauren E Petty Philip Schroeder Brett Vanderwerff Mart Kals Fiona Bragg Kuang Lin Xiuqing Guo Weihua Zhang Jie Yao Young Jin Kim Mariaelisa Graff Fumihiko Takeuchi Jana Nano Amel Lamri Masahiro Nakatochi Sanghoon Moon Robert A Scott James P Cook Jung-Jin Lee Ian Pan Daniel Taliun Esteban J Parra Jin-Fang Chai Lawrence F Bielak Yasuharu Tabara Yang Hai Gudmar Thorleifsson Niels Grarup Tamar Sofer Matthias Wuttke Chloé Sarnowski Christian Gieger Darryl Nousome Stella Trompet Soo-Heon Kwak Jirong Long Meng Sun Lin Tong Wei-Min Chen Suraj S Nongmaithem Raymond Noordam Victor J Y Lim Claudia H T Tam Yoonjung Yoonie Joo Chien-Hsiun Chen Laura M Raffield Bram Peter Prins Aude Nicolas Lisa R Yanek Guanjie Chen Jennifer A Brody Edmond Kabagambe Ping An Anny H Xiang Hyeok Sun Choi Brian E Cade Jingyi Tan K Alaine Broadaway Alice Williamson Zoha Kamali Jinrui Cui Manonanthini Thangam Linda S Adair Adebowale Adeyemo Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas Tarunveer S Ahluwalia Sonia S Anand Alain Bertoni Jette Bork-Jensen Ivan Brandslund Thomas A Buchanan Charles F Burant Adam S Butterworth Mickaël Canouil Juliana C N Chan Li-Ching Chang Miao-Li Chee Ji Chen Shyh-Huei Chen Yuan-Tsong Chen Zhengming Chen Lee-Ming Chuang Mary Cushman John Danesh Swapan K Das H Janaka de Silva George Dedoussis Latchezar Dimitrov Ayo P Doumatey Shufa Du Qing Duan Kai-Uwe Eckardt Leslie S Emery Daniel S Evans Michele K Evans Krista Fischer James S Floyd Ian Ford Oscar H Franco Timothy M Frayling Barry I Freedman Pauline Genter Hertzel C Gerstein Vilmantas Giedraitis Clicerio González-Villalpando Maria Elena González-Villalpando Penny Gordon-Larsen Myron Gross Lindsay A Guare Sophie Hackinger Liisa Hakaste Sohee Han Andrew T Hattersley Christian Herder Momoko Horikoshi Annie-Green Howard Willa Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Research Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences University of Manchester Manchester UK. Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Graduate School of Medicine University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan. Department of Statistical Genetics Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan. Institute of Translational Genomics Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health Neuherberg Germany. konstantinos.hatzikotoulas@helmholtz-munich.de. Institute of Translational Genomics Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health Neuherberg Germany. Center for Precision Health Research National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA. British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge Cambridge UK. Heart and Lung Research Institute University of Cambridge Cambridge UK. Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China. Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA. Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center Philadelphia PA USA. Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia PA USA. Department of Genetics University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia PA USA. Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT Cambridge MA USA. Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA. TIMI Study Group Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. William Harvey Research Institute Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London L

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogeneous disease that develops through diverse pathophysiological processes and molecular mechanisms that are often specific to cell type. Here, to characterize the genetic contribution to these processes across ancestry groups, we aggregate genome-wide association study data from 2,535,601 individuals (39.7% not of European ancestry), including 428,452 cases of T2D. We identify 1,289 independent association signals at genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10) that map to 611 loci, of which 145 loci are, to our knowledge, previously unreported. We define eight non-overlapping clusters of T2D signals that are characterized by distinct profiles of cardiometabolic trait associations. These clusters are differentially enriched for cell-type-specific regions of open chromatin, including pancreatic islets, adipocytes, endothelial cells and enteroendocrine cells. We build cluster-specific partitioned polygenic scores in a further 279,552 individuals of diverse ancestry, including 30,288 cases of T2D, and test their association with T2D-related vascular outcomes. Cluster-specific partitioned polygenic scores are associated with coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease and end-stage diabetic nephropathy across ancestry groups, highlighting the importance of obesity-related processes in the development of vascular outcomes. Our findings show the value of integrating multi-ancestry genome-wide association study data with single-cell epigenomics to disentangle the aetiological heterogeneity that drives the development and progression of T2D. This might offer a route to optimize global access to genetically informed diabetes care.

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Author Correction: Genomic footprints of activated telomere maintenance mechanisms in cancer (Dec, 10.1038/s41467-019-13824-9, 2022)

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NATURE COMMUNICATIONS 2022年第1期13卷 1-1页

作者： Sieverling, Lina Hong, Chen Koser, Sandra D. Ginsbach, Philip Kleinheinz, Kortine Hutter, Barbara Braun, Delia M. Cortes-Ciriano, Isidro Xi, Ruibin Kabbe, Rolf Park, Peter J. Eils, Roland Schlesner, Matthias Brors, Benedikt Rippe, Karsten Jones, David T. W. Feuerbach, Lars Division of Applied Bioinformatics German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) 69120 Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Biosciences Heidelberg University 69120 Heidelberg Germany Division of Applied Bioinformatics German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Biosciences Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) 69120 Heidelberg Germany Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology (IPMB) and BioQuant 69120 Heidelberg Germany Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Heidelberg Germany National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Center for Personalized Oncology (DKFZ-HIPO) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Division of Chromatin Networks German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and BioQuant 69120 Heidelberg Germany Department of Biomedical Informatics Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA Department of Chemistry Centre for Molecular Science Informatics University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW UK Ludwig Center at Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA Department of Biomedical Informatics Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Department of Chemistry Centre for Molecular Science Informatics University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Ludwig Center at Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA School of Mathematical Sciences and Center for Statistical Science Peking University Beijing 100871 China Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany New BIH Digital Health Center Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany Bioi

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Discovery and Characterization of an Eccentric, Warm Saturn Transiting the Solar Analog TOI-4994∗

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Martínez, Romy Rodríguez Eastman, Jason D. Collins, Karen A. Rodriguez, Joseph E. Charbonneau, David Quinn, Samuel N. Latham, David W. Ziegler, Carl Brahm, Rafael Fairnington, Tyler R. Ulmer-Moll, Solène Stassun, Keivan G. Suarez, Olga Guillot, Tristan Hobson, Melissa J. Winn, Joshua N. Kanodia, Shubham Schlecker, Martin Butler, R.P. Crane, Jeffrey D. Shectman, Steve Teske, Johanna K. Osip, David Beletsky, Yuri Battley, Matthew P. Psaridi, Angelica Figueira, Pedro Lendl, Monika Bouchy, François Udry, Stéphane Kunimoto, Michelle Mékarnia, Djamel Abe, Lyu Trifonov, Trifon Pinto, Marcelo Tala Eberhardt, Jan Espinoza, Nestor Henning, Thomas Jordán, Andrés Rojas, Felipe I. Barkaoui, Khalid Relles, Howard M. Srdoc, Gregor Collins, Kevin I. Seager, Sara Shporer, Avi Vezie, Michael Hedges, Christina Mireles, Ismael Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden St CambridgeMA02138 United States Center for Data Intensive and Time Domain Astronomy Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States Department of Physics Engineering and Astronomy Stephen F. Austin State University 1936 North St NacogdochesTX75962 United States Facultad de Ingeniera y Ciencias Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez Av. Diagonal las Torres 2640 Peñalolén Santiago Chile Millennium Institute for Astrophysics Chile Centre for Astrophysics University of Southern Queensland West Street ToowoombaQLD4350 Australia Observatoire astronomique de l Université de Genève 51 Chemin Pegasi Versoix1290 Switzerland Physikalisches Institut University of Bern Gesellschaftsstrasse 6 Bern3012 Switzerland Department of Physics and Astronomy Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Université Côte d’Azur Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur CNRS Laboratoire Lagrange Bd de l’Observatoire CS 34229 Nicecedex 4 06304 France Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Carnegie Science Earth and Planets Laboratory 5241 Broad Branch Road NW WashingtonDC20015 United States Department of Astronomy Steward Observatory University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Department of Physics Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue CambridgeMA02139 United States Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie Königstuhl 17 HeidelbergD-69117 Germany Department of Astronomy Sofia University "St Kliment Ohridski" 5 James Bourchier Blvd SofiaBG-1164 Bulgaria Landessternwarte Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg Königstuhl 12 HeidelbergD-69117 Germany Space Telescope Science Institute BaltimoreMD21218 United States Instituto de Astrofísica Facultad de Física Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860 Sant

We present the detection and characterization of TOI-4994b (TIC 277128619b), a warm Saturn-sized planet discovered by the NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). TOI-4994b transits a G-type star (V = 12.6 mag) with a mass, radius, and effective temperature of M☆ = 1.005+0.064−0.061M☉, R☆ = 1.055+0.040−0.037R☉, and Teff = 5640±110 K. We obtained follow-up ground-based photometry from the Las Cumbres Observatory (LCO) and the Antarctic Search for Transiting ExoPlanets (ASTEP) telescopes, and we confirmed the planetary nature of TOI-4994b with multiple radial velocity observations from the PFS, CHIRON, HARPS, FEROS, and CORALIE instruments. From a global fit to the photometry and radial velocities, we determine that TOI-4994b is in a 21.5-day, eccentric orbit (e = 0.32 ± 0.04) and has a mass of MP = 0.280+0.037−0.034MJ, a radius of RP = 0.762+0.030−0.027RJ, and a Saturn-like bulk density of ρp = 0.78+0.16−0.14 g/cm3. We find that TOI-4994 is a potentially viable candidate for follow-up stellar obliquity measurements. TOI-4994b joins the small sample of warm Saturn analogs and thus sheds light on our understanding of these rare and unique worlds. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： NASA

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Author Correction: Multi-ancestry genome-wide association analyses improve resolution of genes and pathways influencing lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk

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Nature genetics 2023年第10期55卷 1778-1779页

作者： Nick Shrine Abril G Izquierdo Jing Chen Richard Packer Robert J Hall Anna L Guyatt Chiara Batini Rebecca J Thompson Chandan Pavuluri Vidhi Malik Brian D Hobbs Matthew Moll Wonji Kim Ruth Tal-Singer Per Bakke Katherine A Fawcett Catherine John Kayesha Coley Noemi Nicole Piga Alfred Pozarickij Kuang Lin Iona Y Millwood Zhengming Chen Liming Li Sara R A Wijnant Lies Lahousse Guy Brusselle Andre G Uitterlinden Ani Manichaikul Elizabeth C Oelsner Stephen S Rich R Graham Barr Shona M Kerr Veronique Vitart Michael R Brown Matthias Wielscher Medea Imboden Ayoung Jeong Traci M Bartz Sina A Gharib Claudia Flexeder Stefan Karrasch Christian Gieger Annette Peters Beate Stubbe Xiaowei Hu Victor E Ortega Deborah A Meyers Eugene R Bleecker Stacey B Gabriel Namrata Gupta Albert Vernon Smith Jian'an Luan Jing-Hua Zhao Ailin F Hansen Arnulf Langhammer Cristen Willer Laxmi Bhatta David Porteous Blair H Smith Archie Campbell Tamar Sofer Jiwon Lee Martha L Daviglus Bing Yu Elise Lim Hanfei Xu George T O'Connor Gaurav Thareja Omar M E Albagha Karsten Suhre Raquel Granell Tariq O Faquih Pieter S Hiemstra Annelies M Slats Benjamin H Mullin Jennie Hui Alan James John Beilby Karina Patasova Pirro Hysi Jukka T Koskela Annah B Wyss Jianping Jin Sinjini Sikdar Mikyeong Lee Sebastian May-Wilson Nicola Pirastu Katherine A Kentistou Peter K Joshi Paul R H J Timmers Alexander T Williams Robert C Free Xueyang Wang John L Morrison Frank D Gilliland Zhanghua Chen Carol A Wang Rachel E Foong Sarah E Harris Adele Taylor Paul Redmond James P Cook Anubha Mahajan Lars Lind Teemu Palviainen Terho Lehtimäki Olli T Raitakari Jaakko Kaprio Taina Rantanen Kirsi H Pietiläinen Simon R Cox Craig E Pennell Graham L Hall W James Gauderman Chris Brightling James F Wilson Tuula Vasankari Tarja Laitinen Veikko Salomaa Dennis O Mook-Kanamori Nicholas J Timpson Eleftheria Zeggini Josée Dupuis Caroline Hayward Ben Brumpton Claudia Langenberg Stefan Weiss Georg Homuth Carsten Oliver Schmidt Nicole Probst-Hensch Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin Alanna C Morrison Ozren Polasek Igor Department of Population Health Sciences University of Leicester Leicester UK. nick.shrine@leicester.ac.uk. Department of Population Health Sciences University of Leicester Leicester UK. Division of Respiratory Medicine and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre University of Nottingham Nottingham UK. Leicester National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre Glenfield Hospital Leicester UK. Channing Division of Network Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA USA. Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. COPD Foundation Washington DC USA. Department of Clinical Science Unversity of Bergen Bergen Norway. Nuffield Department of Population Health University of Oxford Oxford UK. MRC Population Health Research Unit University of Oxford Oxford UK. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China. Department of Respiratory Diseases Ghent Universital Hospital Ghent Belgium. Department of Bioanalysis Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ghent University Ghent Belgium. Department of Epidemiology Eramus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands. Department of Internal Medicine Eramus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands. Center for Public Health Genomics University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA. Department of Medicine Columbia University Medical Center New York NY USA. Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit Institute of Genetics and Cancer University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK. Human Genetics Center Department of Epidemiology Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences School of Public Health The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX USA. MRC Centre for Environment and Health Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Imperial College London London UK. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Swiss Tropical

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Rapid simulation of glycoprotein structures by grafting and steric exclusion of glycan conformer libraries

引用

Cell 2024年第5期187卷 1296-1311.e26页

作者： Yu-Xi Tsai Ning-En Chang Klaus Reuter Hao-Ting Chang Tzu-Jing Yang Sören von Bülow Vidhi Sehrawat Noémie Zerrouki Matthieu Tuffery Michael Gecht Isabell Louise Grothaus Lucio Colombi Ciacchi Yong-Sheng Wang Min-Feng Hsu Kay-Hooi Khoo Gerhard Hummer Shang-Te Danny Hsu Cyril Hanus Mateusz Sikora Institute of Biological Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Institute of Biochemical Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan. Max Planck Computing and Data Facility 85748 Garching Germany. Department of Theoretical Biophysics Max Planck Institute for Biophysics 60438 Frankfurt Germany. Department of Theoretical Biophysics Max Planck Institute for Biophysics 60438 Frankfurt Germany Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology Jagiellonian University 31-007 Kraków Poland. Institute of Psychiatry and Neurosciences of Paris Inserm UMR1266 Université Paris-Cité 75014 Paris France. Hybrid Materials Interfaces Group Faculty of Production Engineering Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science and MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes University of Bremen 28359 Bremen Germany. Institute of Biological Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan. Institute of Biophysics Goethe University 60438 Frankfurt Germany. Institute of Biochemical Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM(2)) Hiroshima University Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan. Electronic address: sthsu@gate.sinica.edu.tw. Institute of Psychiatry and Neurosciences of Paris Inserm UMR1266 Université Paris-Cité 75014 Paris France GHU Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris 75014 Paris France. Electronic address: cyril.hanus@inserm.fr. Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology Jagiellonian University 31-007 Kraków Poland. Electronic address: mateusz.sikora@uj.edu.pl.

Most membrane proteins are modified by covalent addition of complex sugars through N- and O-glycosylation. Unlike proteins, glycans do not typically adopt specific secondary structures and remain very mobile, shielding potentially large fractions of protein surface. High glycan conformational freedom hinders complete structural elucidation of glycoproteins. Computer simulations may be used to model glycosylated proteins but require hundreds of thousands of computing hours on supercomputers, thus limiting routine use. Here, we describe GlycoSHIELD, a reductionist method that can be implemented on personal computers to graft realistic ensembles of glycan conformers onto static protein structures in minutes. Using molecular dynamics simulation, small-angle X-ray scattering, cryoelectron microscopy, and mass spectrometry, we show that this open-access toolkit provides enhanced models of glycoprotein structures. Focusing on N-cadherin, human coronavirus spike proteins, and gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors, we show that GlycoSHIELD can shed light on the impact of glycans on the conformation and activity of complex glycoproteins.

关键词： GABAA receptor N-cadherin SAXS coronavirus S protein cryo-EM glycans glycoproteins mass spectrometry molecular dynamics

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