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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tang, Lingling Chu, Jielei Gong, Zhiguo Li, Tianrui The School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu611756 China National Engineering Laboratory of Integrated Transportation Big Data Application Technology Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu611756 China The State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Computer and Information Science University of Macau China

Starting with small and simple concepts, and gradually introducing complex and difficult concepts is the natural process of human learning. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) aim to mimic the way humans process information, but current SNNs models treat all samples equally, which does not align with the principles of human learning and overlooks the biological plausibility of SNNs. To address this, we propose a CL-SNN model that introduces Curriculum Learning(CL) into SNNs, making SNNs learn more like humans and providing higher biological interpretability. CL is a training strategy that advocates presenting easier data to models before gradually introducing more challenging data, mimicking the human learning process. We use a confidence-aware loss to measure and process the samples with different difficulty levels. By learning the confidence of different samples, the model reduces the contribution of difficult samples to parameter optimization automatically. We conducted experiments on static image datasets MNIST, Fashion-MNIST, CIFAR10, and neuromorphic datasets N-MNIST, CIFAR10-DVS, DVS-Gesture. The results are promising. To our best knowledge, this is the first proposal to enhance the biologically plausibility of SNNs by introducing CL. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Curricula

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Feature Rotation Invariance Learning for Point Cloud Analysis

Feature Rotation Invariance Learning for Point Cloud Analysi...

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Smart World Congress (SWC), IEEE

作者： Lu Shi Qi Cao Guoqing Zhang Jin Yi Yansen Huang Yigang Cen State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation the School of Computer Science and Technology and Visual Intellgence +X International Cooperation Joint Laboratory of MOE Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China the School of Computing Science University of Glasgow Singapore With the Key Laboratory of Big Data & Artificial Intelligence in Transportation Ministry of Education the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation and the School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China the College of Civil Engineering Guizhou University Guizhou Lianjian Civil Engineering Quality Testing Monitoring Center Co. LTD Guizhou China

ISBN: (数字)9798331520861

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520878

While deep learning has significantly advanced point cloud analysis, extracting effective features from their disordered structure remains challenging. Existing approaches often rely on complex network architectures or manual feature engineering to achieve rotation invariance, which increases inference latency. This paper offers a novel perspective on this challenge, showing that rotation-sensitive models can achieve performance comparable to rotation-invariant models when trained with rotation-augmented data. Given the significant differences in the feature distributions of rotation-sensitive and rotation-invariant models, we propose Feature Rotation Invariance Learning (FRIL), a framework that leverages Distance Metric Learning and rotation-based constraints to help rotation-sensitive models extract rotation-invariant features. This approach eliminates the need for additional modules, enabling robust performance against rotations. Extensive experiments demonstrate that FRIL consistently outperforms existing rotation-invariant methods across various visual tasks.

关键词： Point cloud compression Representation learning Analytical models Solid modeling Visualization Three-dimensional displays Semantics Cloning Feature extraction data models

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Challenges in metaverse in problem-based learning as a game-changing virtual-physical environment for personalized content development

Challenges in metaverse in problem-based learning as a game-...

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6th Smart Cities Symposium (SCS 2022)

作者： P.K. Dutta M. Bose A. Sinha R. Bhardwaj S. Ray S. Roy K.B. Prakash School of Engineering and Technology Amity University Kolkata Kolkata India School of Computer Application Amity University Kolkata Kolkata India Department of Mathematics Amity University Kolkata Kolkata India Senior Researcher Petersburg Polytechnic University Artificial Intelligence & Data Science Jio Institute Navi Mumbai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Konneru Lakshmaih Education Foundation

The benefits and drawbacks of using the metaverse in the field of education are discussed, along with the possibilities and potential issues it will open up. Utilizing the idea of personalised knowledge transfer and the use of an immersive environment to match students' learning pace using horizon classroom, the Metaverse environment can add a new dimension to the field of educational technologies. We have also highlighted the virtualization-based redesign of educational environments using a personalised cloud, which is anticipated to improve learning for students by making it more affordable, collaborative, and useful. The goal is to build a metaversity that can serve as a communication tool for teachers and students anywhere in the world by providing each with an individual avatar. This platform will offer a virtual setting for students to socialise with their friends and peers and receive peer-to-peer learning, which is lacking in the current e-learning environment. The students won't need an entrance score card; instead, they will need critical learning skills to advance and mature.

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Video Pretraining Advances 3D Deep Learning on Chest CT Tasks

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ke, Alexander Huang, Shih-Cheng O'Connell, Chloe Klimont, Michal Yeung, Serena Rajpurkar, Pranav Department of Computer Science Stanford University United States Department of Biomedical Data Science Stanford University United States Department of Anesthesia Massachusetts General Hospital United States Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine & Imaging Stanford University United States Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University United States Department of Biomedical Informatics Harvard Medical School United States

Pretraining on large natural image classification datasets such as ImageNet has aided model development on data-scarce 2D medical tasks. 3D medical tasks often have much less data than 2D medical tasks, prompting practitioners to rely on pretrained 2D models to featurize slices. However, these 2D models have been surpassed by 3D models on 3D computer vision benchmarks since they do not natively leverage cross-sectional or temporal information. In this study, we explore whether natural video pretraining for 3D models can enable higher performance on smaller datasets for 3D medical tasks. We demonstrate video pretraining improves the average performance of seven 3D models on two chest CT datasets, regardless of finetuning dataset size, and that video pretraining allows 3D models to outperform 2D baselines. Lastly, we observe that pretraining on the large-scale out-of-domain Kinetics dataset improves performance more than pretraining on a typically-sized in-domain CT dataset. Our results show consistent benefits of video pretraining across a wide array of architectures, tasks, and training dataset sizes, supporting a shift from small-scale in-domain pretraining to large-scale out-of-domain pretraining for 3D medical tasks. Our code is available at: https://***/rajpurkarlab/chest-ct-pretraining. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Large dataset

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Collaborative Filtering ML Technique for Recommendation in E-Commerce Energy System

Collaborative Filtering ML Technique for Recommendation in E...

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IEEE International Conference on Emerging & Sustainable Technologies for Power & ICT in a Developing Society (NIGERCON)

作者： Hew Sok Yen Samuel-Soma M. Ajibade Angela Lee Siew Hoong Rex V. Culpable Celestino A. Quirante Johnry P. Dayupay Adedotun O. Adetunla Oluwadare Joshua Oyebode Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University Selangor Malaysia Research Centre for Nanomaterials and Energy Technology (RCNMET) Sunway University Selangor Malaysia College of Technology Cebu Technological University Cebu Philippines Cebu Technological University Cebu Philippines Dept. of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Afe Babalola University Ado Ekiti Nigeria Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Science University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa Civil and Environmental Engineering Department Afe Babalola University Ado Ekiti Nigeria

ISBN: (数字)9798331542559

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542566

The growing integration of e-commerce into daily life has highlighted the essential need for recommender systems to enhance user experience and drive business success. This study examines machine learning techniques for developing effective recommender systems, with a particular focus on collaborative filtering (CF) and content-based filtering (CBF) methods. This study employs exploratory data analysis (EDA) to analyze e-commerce statistics, identifying trends in consumer behavior, product ratings, and user engagement, culminating in the development of a hybrid recommender system. The hybrid method amalgamates the benefits of Continuous Feedback (CF) with Context-Based Feedback (CBF) to deliver customized recommendations, hence improving accuracy and relevance for users. The application of hybrid models yields a notable improvement in predictive performance, evidenced by reduced mistake rates and heightened customer satisfaction. This research offers distinctive insights on user-product interactions, thereby advancing the comprehension of how machine learning could transform e-commerce personalization.

关键词： data analysis Consumer behavior Accuracy Filtering Collaborative filtering Transforms Predictive models User experience Electronic commerce Recommender systems

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Evaluation of Deep Training and Adapting Algorithms in Medical with De-Noising EEG

Evaluation of Deep Training and Adapting Algorithms in Medic...

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Advance Computing and Innovative Technologies in engineering (ICACITE), International Conference on

作者： Ali Hadi Abdulwahid Girija Rani Karetla KVB. Ganesh A Suresh Kumar K. Radha K. Shivakumar Control and Automation Engineering Department Engineering Technical College Southern Technical University Basra Iraq School of Computer Data and Mathematical Sciences Western Sydney University Australia KL Business School Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Guntur Andhra Pradesh India Department of CSE Graphic Era Deemed to be University Dept. of IT St. Martin's Engineering College Secunderabad Telangana India School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence SR University Warangal Telangana India

An electroencephalogram that was captured with electrodes placed can easily get contaminated with a variety of artifacts. Here is a comparative of various electroencephalogram (EEG) de-noising techniques. Three alternative techniques are used to eliminate five different kinds of noise, and also the outcomes are evaluated. These three methods are just the Least Mean Square (LMS) technique, the Connected Neural Network, and also the Recursive Least - square (RLS) adaptable algorithm (FCNN). Period charts of the actual EEG signal, the noise EEG signal, and thus the predicted EEG signal are used to display the results. RRMSE and signal- to-noise ratio were utilized to compare the effectiveness of the 3 de-noising strategies in this study. Investigating the model parameters in this case, we discover the FCNN forecasts a better outcome compared to the other two methods.

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Filter Pruning for Efficient CNNs via Knowledge-driven Differential Filter Sampler

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Lin, Shaohui Huang, Wenxuan Xie, Jiao Zhang, Baochang Shen, Yunhang Yu, Zhou Han, Jungong Doermann, David The School of Computer Science and Technology East China Normal University Shanghai China The Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science Ministry of Education China The Department of Automation School of Aerospace Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen China The Institute of Artificial Intelligence Beihang University Beijing China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing China The Youtu Lab Tencent Shanghai China The School of Statistics East China Normal University Shanghai China The Department of Computer Science University of Sheffield United Kingdom The University at Buffalo BuffaloNY United States

Filter pruning simultaneously accelerates the computation and reduces the memory overhead of CNNs, which can be effectively applied to edge devices and cloud services. In this paper, we propose a novel Knowledge-driven Differential Filter Sampler (KDFS) with Masked Filter Modeling (MFM) framework for filter pruning, which globally prunes the redundant filters based on the prior knowledge of a pre-trained model in a differential and non-alternative optimization. Specifically, we design a differential sampler with learnable sampling parameters to build a binary mask vector for each layer, determining whether the corresponding filters are redundant. To learn the mask, we introduce masked filter modeling to construct PCA-like knowledge by aligning the intermediate features from the pre-trained teacher model and the outputs of the student decoder taking sampling features as the input. The mask and sampler are directly optimized by the Gumbel-Softmax Straight-Through Gradient Estimator in an end-to-end manner in combination with global pruning constraint, MFM reconstruction error, and dark knowledge. Extensive experiments demonstrate the proposed KDFS’s effectiveness in compressing the base models on various datasets. For instance, the pruned ResNet-50 on ImageNet achieves 55.36% computation reduction, and 42.86% parameter reduction, while only dropping 0.35% Top-1 accuracy, significantly outperforming the state-of-the-art methods. The code is available at https://***/Osilly/KDFS. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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Deep learning-based multi-task prediction of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy using multiscale whole slide images in breast cancer:A multicenter study

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2025年第1期37卷 28-47页

作者： Qin Wang Feng Zhao Haicheng Zhang Tongpeng Chu Qi Wang Xipeng Pan Yuqian Chen Heng Zhou Tiantian Zheng Ziyin Li Fan Lin Haizhu Xie Heng Ma Lan Liu Lina Zhang Qin Li Weiwei Wang Yi Dai Ruijun Tang Jigang Wang Ping Yang Ning Mao School of Information and Electronic Engineering Shandong Technology and Business UniversityYantai 264005China Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityYantai 264000China Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment for Women’s Diseases Yantai Yuhuangding HospitalYantai 264000China Department of Radiology Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityYantai 264000China School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong Technology and Business UniversityYantai 264005China School of Computer Science and Information Security Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004China School of Medical Imaging Binzhou Medical UniversityYantai 264003China Department of Radiology Jiangxi Cancer Hospitalthe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeNanchang 330006China Department of Radiology the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 400042China Department of Radiology Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWeifang 262600China Department of Medical Imaging Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical UniversityJining 272029China Department of Radiology the Peking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518036China Department of Pathology Guilin Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalGuilin 541002China Department of Pathology the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266555China Department of Pathology Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityYantai 264000China

Objective:Early predicting response before neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)is crucial for personalized treatment plans for locally advanced breast cancer *** aim to develop a multi-task model using multiscale whole slide images(WSIs)features to predict the response to breast cancer NAC more ***:This work collected 1,670 whole slide images for training and validation sets,internal testing sets,external testing sets,and prospective testing sets of the weakly-supervised deep learning-based multi-task model(DLMM)in predicting treatment response and pCR to *** approach models two-by-two feature interactions across scales by employing concatenate fusion of single-scale feature representations,and controls the expressiveness of each representation via a gating-based attention ***:In the retrospective analysis,DLMM exhibited excellent predictive performance for the prediction of treatment response,with area under the receiver operating characteristic curves(AUCs)of 0.869[95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.806−0.933]in the internal testing set and 0.841(95%CI:0.814−0.867)in the external testing *** the pCR prediction task,DLMM reached AUCs of 0.865(95%CI:0.763−0.964)in the internal testing and 0.821(95%CI:0.763−0.878)in the pooled external testing *** the prospective testing study,DLMM also demonstrated favorable predictive performance,with AUCs of 0.829(95%CI:0.754−0.903)and 0.821(95%CI:0.692−0.949)in treatment response and pCR prediction,*** significantly outperformed the baseline models in all testing sets(P<0.05).Heatmaps were employed to interpret the decision-making basis of the ***,it was discovered that high DLMM scores were associated with immune-related pathways and cells in the microenvironment during biological basis ***:The DLMM represents a valuable tool that aids clinicians in selecting personalized treatment strategies for breast cancer patients.

关键词： artificial intelligence breast cancer digital pathology whole slide images

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ML_BrainDetection: An Intelligent Model for Brain Tumor Identification Using Machine Learning

ML_BrainDetection: An Intelligent Model for Brain Tumor Iden...

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Mobile, Intelligent, and Ubiquitous Computing Conference (MIUCC), International

作者： Diaa Salama AbdElminaam Magda M. Madbouly Mohamed S Farag Ibrahim A Gomaa Magdy Abd-Elghany Zeid Laith Abualigah Faculty of Computer Science Misr International University Cairo Egypt Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence Benha University Benha Egypt Faculty of Computer and Data Science Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Computer Science Department Alobour high institute for computer and informatics Cairo Egypt Computer Science Department Al al-Bayt University Mafraq Jordan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American University Byblos Lebanon Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan MEU Research Unit Middle East University Amman Jordan School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang Malaysia School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University Malaysia Petaling Jaya Malaysia

Brain tumors are one of the greatest causes of death worldwide. Due to that, early diagnosis and classification of the tumor would surely help increase the chance of survival for patients worldwide. However, classifying and identifying brain tumors requires certain tools, including using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to detect brain tumors. Moreover, many researchers in the past have also built up computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems to aid radiologists in their purpose of detecting brain abnormalities and tumors effectively. In this research, extracted multi-modal features like texture, morphological, entropy-based, Scale Invariant Features are proposed, and consequently, certain robust machine learning techniques, which are k-nearest neighbors (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naive Bayes, as well as the Logistic Regression classifier were used to analyze the two data-sets included in the paper, detect tumors found in the brain, not to mention, examining their results, which have then shown the highest accuracy when using the Logistic regression classifier in both data sets, with the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier following it, which further support the argument made in the paper.

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MLCardiovascularPrediction: Machine Learning-Based Cardiovascular Disease Prediction

MLCardiovascularPrediction: Machine Learning-Based Cardiovas...

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Mobile, Intelligent, and Ubiquitous Computing Conference (MIUCC), International

作者： Diaa Salama AbdElminaam Magda M. Madbouly Magdy Abd-elghany Zeid Ibrahim Abd Elatif Gomaa Laith Abualigah Faculty of Computer Science Misr International University Cairo Egypt Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence Benha University Benha Egypt Faculty of Computer and Data Science Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Computer Science Department Alobour high institute for computer and informatics Cairo Egypt Computer Science Department Al al-Bayt University Mafraq Jordan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American University Byblos Lebanon Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan MEU Research Unit Middle East University Amman Jordan School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang Malaysia School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University Malaysia Petaling Jaya Malaysia

Like most diseases that affect a human's life, car-diovascular disease is dangerous and unwanted for anyone who has heard of it as it brings a high risk of death. In today's world, most deaths are caused by heart disease as it could come from age, heritage, smoking, and many factors that could seem normal, and it doesn't matter what part of the world you are in. There must be a way to know or predict if this person is at high risk of cardiovascular disease. This paper and project talk about six algorithms: K-Nearest-Neighbour (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), Naive Bayes, Neural Network, Logistic Regression, and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The results came between 60% to 70% in one dataset and from 80 % to 90 % in the second. Still, they mostly favor the Neural Network algorithm as it can learn and model around complex relationships. The SVM showed different outputs between the two datasets as one is significantly larger than the other, possibly due to the outliers in both datasets being different and more complex in the larger one. Cardiovascular disease can be very dangerous, but finding and discovering it soon can be a lifesaver. These algorithms also can help find and predict it, as it was shown with not just decent, but good and respectable success rates for each one.

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