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Energy efficient task offloading from IoHT in delay sensitive edge networks

Alexandria Engineering Journal 2025年 128卷 476-483页

作者： Amit Kumar Jitendra Kumar Samriya Ashok Bhansali Meena Malik Varsha Arya Wadee Alhalabi Eman Alharbi Brij B. Gupta Department of Computer Science & Engineering Graphic Era Deemed to be University Dehradun India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Sonepat India Department of Computer Engineering and Applications GLA University Mathura India Department of CSE Chandigarh University Mohali India Hong Kong Metropolitan University (HKMU) Hong Kong Center for Interdisciplinary Research University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES) Dehradun India Immersive Virtual Reality Research Group Department of Computer Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia University Taichung 413 Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology (SCIT) Symbiosis International University Pune India School of Cybersecurity Korea University Seoul South Korea Kyung Hee University 26 Kyungheedae-ro Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 02447 South Korea

The edge server connected to the Internet of Things (IoT) is designed to provide optimized resource allocation and task processing, particularly for delay-sensitive applications. This becomes especially challenging when certain tasks demand lower response times compared to others. In this paper, we develop a deep learning model to optimize the task offloading problem in a multi-user Internet of Health Things (IoHT) edge environment. The proposed model, based on a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) architecture, is trained on various input data to manage task offloading across data centres within the edge network. It effectively addresses the challenges of optimizing both offloading probability and power allocation. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the energy efficiency of IoHT devices and their computational offloading capabilities in the cloud. The results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a higher response rate and greater energy savings compared to existing approaches.

关键词： Delay Edge networks Offloading tasks IOHT

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Automatic Classification of Strain in the Singing Voice Using Machine Learning

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Journal of Voice 2025年

作者： Liu, Yuanyuan Reddy, Mittapalle Kiran Yagnavajjula, Madhu Keerthana Räsänen, Okko Alku, Paavo Ikävalko, Tero Hakanpää, Tua Öyry, Aleksi Laukkanen, Anne-Maria Speech and Voice Research Laboratory Tampere University Tampere 33100 Finland Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Raichur Karanataka Raichur 584135 India Advanced Technology Development Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur West Bengal Kharagpur 721302 India Unit of Computing Sciences Tampere University Tampere 33720 Finland Department of Information and Communications Engineering Aalto University Espoo 02150 Finland Faculty of Education University of Turku Turku 20014 Finland Aalto Acoustics Lab Aalto University Espoo 02150 Finland

Objectives: Classifying strain in the singing voice can help protect professional singers from vocal overuse and support singing training. This study investigates whether machine learning can automatically classify singing voices into two levels of perceived strain. The singing samples represent two genres: classical and contemporary commercial music (CCM). Methods: A total of 324 singing voice samples from 15 professional normophonic singers (nine female, six male) were analyzed. Nine singers were classical, and six were CCM singers. The samples consisted of syllable strings produced at three to six pitches and three loudness levels. Based on expert auditory-perceptual ratings, the samples were categorized into two strain levels: normal-mild and moderate-severe. Three acoustic feature sets (mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs), the extended Geneva Minimalistic Acoustic Parameter Set (eGeMAPS), and wavelet scattering features) were compared using two classifier models [support vector machine (SVM) and multilayer perceptron (MLP)]. Feature selection was performed using recursive feature elimination, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used to assess the discriminative power of the selected features. Results: The highest classification accuracy of 86.1% was achieved using a subset of wavelet scattering features with the MLP classifier. A comparison between individual features showed that the first MFCC coefficient, representing spectral tilt, exhibited the greatest between-class separation. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that machine learning models utilizing selected acoustic features can classify perceptual strain of singing voices automatically with high accuracy. These preliminary findings highlight the potential for larger studies involving more diverse singer groups across different genres. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Auditive-perceptual evaluation—Support vector machine—Multiple layer perceptron—Fisher vector—Wavelet scattering coefficients—Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients

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Distinguishing unitary gates on the IBM quantum processor

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science China(Information sciences) 2019年第7期62卷 210-216页

作者： Shusen LIU Yinan LI Runyao DUAN School of Data and Computer Science Sun Yat-sen University Centre for Quantum Software and Information Faculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology Sydney Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica and Research Center for Quantum Software Institute for Quantum Computing

An unknown unitary gate, which is secretly chosen from several known ones, can always be distinguished perfectly. In this paper, we implement such a task on IBM's quantum processor. More precisely,we experimentally demonstrate the discrimination of two qubit unitary gates, the identity gate and the 2/3π-phase shift gate, using two discrimination schemes — the parallel scheme and the sequential scheme. We program these two schemes on the ibmqx4, a 5-qubit superconducting quantum processor via IBM cloud,with the help of the QSI modules. We report that both discrimination schemes achieve success probabilities at least 85%.

关键词： quantum experiment IBM quantum computer software-aided quantum experiment sequential schemes for unitary discrimination parallel schemes for unitary discrimination

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An Unregulated Source of Nitrous Oxide from Recreational Use in Ho Chi Minh City, a Future Southeast Asian Megacity in Vietnam

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Forster, Grant L. Biggart, Michael Doherty, Ruth M. Baker, Alex R. Etchells, Alex Mills, Graham Hien, To Thi Chi, Nguyen Doan Thien Huy, Duong Huu Oram, David E. School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia NorwichNR4 7TJ United Kingdom Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Science School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia NorwichNR4 7TJ United Kingdom School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh EdinburghEH9 3JW United Kingdom Centre for Atmospheric Science University of Manchester ManchesterM13 9P United Kingdom Research and Specialist Computing Support IT & Computing Services University of East Anglia NorwichNR4 7TJ United Kingdom Faculty of Environment VNUHCM-University of Science 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street District 5 Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Faculty of Food Science and Technology Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry 140 Le Trong Tan Street Tan Phu District Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

We present the first in situ measurements of the mole fraction of nitrous oxide (N2O) in Ho Chi Minh City from October 2018 to March 2019. The time series is dominated by elevated N2O mole fractions with a maximum of 613 nmol mol-1. The diurnal pattern of N2O did not follow the general pattern of other pollutants associated with urban anthropogenic activity such as the emission from traffic. The data showed an underlying mean daily diurnal cycle with an amplitude of approximately 10 nmol mol-1, consistent with the accumulation of N2O overnight in a shallow boundary layer. The exception to this was the extremely elevated mean diurnal cycle observed for the NE sector where a magnitude of 45 nmol mol-1 indicates a strong local source from this sector. Using discrete sampling we identified an area of elevated N2O (mean 4,733 nmol mol-1) in an area of the city where N2O is used for recreational purposes, a practice that is raising serious health concerns globally. Using a simple ‘bottom-up’ approach we estimate the annual emission of N2O from this activity to be 13.9 – 27.8 tonnes. Despite the large range of emissions estimates, the lower end represents a significant unregulated source of N2O in Ho Chi Minh City that compares with the UK estimates of 13 tonnes per annum from this activity. To investigate this further, we simulated the mole fractions of N2O observed at the measurements site using the ADMS-Urban dispersion model. From this we found that the diurnal cycle for each wind sector was reproduceable when the emissions of N2O were assumed to be coming from the Bui Vien area. However, the model required emissions which were approximately one order of magnitude higher than what we estimated from the ‘bottom-up’ approach. Furthermore, we highlight that care must be taken when using published N2O/CO molar emission ratios to estimate N2O emissions from traffic in tropical southeast Asian cities where traffic fleet characteristics must be considered. Finally, the work h

关键词： Fleet operations

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Exploring the chemical content of Galaxies using the SAMI Zoom Survey: a data release of 92 spatially resolved H ii regions in nearby galaxies

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Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2025年第1期540卷 919-960页

作者： Myszka, Aaron Sweet, Sarah M. Nanayakkara, Themiya Glazebrook, Karl Groves, Brent Cameron, Alex J. Grasha, Kathryn Krumholz, Mark R. Li, Zefeng López-Sánchez, Ángel R. Nicholls, David C. Rowlands, Stephanie Ryan-Weber, Emma Ting, Yuan-Sen Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing Swinburne University of Technology HawthornVIC3122 Australia Australia School of Mathematics and Physics University of Queensland St LuciaQLD4072 Australia International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research University of Western Australia 7 Fairway CrawleyWA6009 Australia Sub-department of Astrophysics University of Oxford Keble Road OxfordOX1 3RH United Kingdom Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics Australian National University CanberraACT2611 Australia Department of Physics Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy Durham University South Road DurhamDH1 3LE United Kingdom School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Faculty of Science and Engineering Macquarie University Macquarie ParkNSW2109 Australia Macquarie University Research Centre for Astrophysics and Space Technologies Macquarie University Macquarie ParkNSW2109 Australia Research School of Computing Australian National University ActonACT2612 Australia Department of Astronomy The Ohio State University ColumbusOH45701 United States ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Physics Faculty of Science Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur50603 Malaysia

We present the SAMI Zoom Survey, spatially resolved IFU spectroscopy of 92 H II regions from 7 nearby galaxies (distances 2–14 Mpc) utilizing the Sydney-AAO Multi-object IFS (SAMI) instrument. Each H II region has two spectral data cubes (blue-arm sampling 1.05 Å pixel−1 between 3700–5746 Å, and red-arm sampling 0.57 Å pixel−1 between 6300–7399 Å) as well as two-dimensional emission line flux maps. The spatial sampling is 0.5 arcsec across 15 arcsec fields of view, with a mean angular resolution of 2.0 arcsec (18–150 pc). We investigate seven forms of common gas–phase metallicity determinations, contrasting metallicity calibrations including the direct electron temperature method and six strong-line methods. We determine these metallicities, temperatures, densities, and ionization parameters where possible, in spatially resolved form as well as an integrated-region data set where we focus our analysis. We find varying degrees of disparity between metallicity values using different methods, and likewise between derived abundance gradients of the host galaxies. In comparisons using R23 metallicity as a baseline, mean disparities span 0.12–0.49 dex in oxygen abundance depending on the chosen alternative method, with a maximum of 0.65 dex when comparing against the direct electron temperature method. Host-galaxy abundance gradients deviate up to 0.66 dex in central oxygen abundance while slopes vary by up to 0.51 dex R25−1. The SAMI Zoom Survey provides a data set with spatial resolution, spectral coverage, and radial extent to support the study of such astrophysical processes in nearby galaxies. © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.

关键词： Moon

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Performance Analysis and Power Allocation for Massive MIMO ISAC Systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Nguyen, Nhan Thanh Nguyen, Van-Dinh Nguyen, Hieu V. Ngo, Hien Quoc Swindlehurst, A. Lee Juntti, Markku Centre for Wireless Communications University of Oulu P.O.Box 4500 FI-90014 Finland College of Engineering and Computer Science Viet Nam Center for Environmental Intelligence VinUniversity Vinhomes Ocean Park Hanoi100000 Viet Nam Faculty of Electronic and Telecommunication Engineering The University of Danang University of Science and Technology Da Nang50000 Viet Nam School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Queen’s University Belfast BelfastBT7 1NN United Kingdom Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing University of California IrvineCA92697 United States

Integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) is envisioned as a key feature in future wireless communications networks. Its integration with massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) techniques promises to leverage substantial spatial beamforming gains for both functionalities. In this work, we consider a massive MIMO-ISAC system employing a uniform planar array with zero-forcing and maximum-ratio downlink transmission schemes combined with monostatic radar-type sensing. Our focus lies on deriving closed-form expressions for the achievable communications rate and the Cramér–Rao lower bound (CRLB), which serve as performance metrics for communications and sensing operations, respectively. The expressions enable us to investigate important operational characteristics of massive MIMO-ISAC, including the mutual effects of communications and sensing as well as the advantages stemming from using a very large antenna array for each functionality. Furthermore, we devise a power allocation strategy based on successive convex approximation to maximize the communications rate while guaranteeing the CRLB constraints and transmit power budget. Extensive numerical results are presented to validate our theoretical analyses and demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed power allocation approach. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Budget control

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ConTIG: Continuous representation learning on temporal interaction graphs

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Yan, Xu Fan, Xiaoliang Yang, Peizhen Wu, Zonghan Pan, Shirui Chen, Longbiao Zang, Yu Wang, Cheng Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart Cities School of Informatics Computer Science & Technology Department Xiamen University Xiamen China Centre for Artificial Intelligence FEIT University of Technology Sydney Australia Department of Data Science and AI Faculty of Information Technology Monash University Australia

—Representation learning on temporal interaction graphs (TIG) is to model complex networks with the dynamic evolution of interactions arising in a broad spectrum of problems. Existing dynamic embedding methods on TIG discretely update node embeddings merely when an interaction occurs. They fail to capture the continuous dynamic evolution of embedding trajectories of nodes. In this paper, we propose a two-module framework named ConTIG, a continuous representation method that captures the continuous dynamic evolution of node embedding trajectories. With two essential modules, our model exploit three-fold factors in dynamic networks which include latest interaction, neighbor features and inherent characteristics. In the first update module, we employ a continuous inference block to learn the nodes’ state trajectories by learning from time-adjacent interaction patterns between node pairs using ordinary differential equations. In the second transform module, we introduce a self-attention mechanism to predict future node embeddings by aggregating historical temporal interaction information. Experiments results demonstrate the superiority of ConTIG on temporal link prediction, temporal node recommendation and dynamic node classification tasks compared with a range of state-of-the-art baselines, especially for long-interval interactions prediction. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Ordinary differential equations

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Dialog chatbot as an interactive online tool in enhancing ESP vocabulary learning

Saudi Journal of Language Studies

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Saudi Journal of Language Studies 2023年第2期3卷 76-86页

作者： Fawaz Qasem Mukhtar Ghaleb Hassan Saleh Mahdi Ahmed Al Khateeb Hind Al Fadda Department of English College of Sciences and Arts and the Applied College at Al-Namas University of Bisha Bisha Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computing and Information Technology University of Bisha Al Namas Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Sana'a University Sana'a Yemen Department of English Hodeidah University Hodeidah Yemen English Language Centre Taif University Taif Saudi Arabia Department of English Language College of Arts King Faisal University Al-Ahsa Saudi Arabia Department of Curriculum and Instructions King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Purpose Based on an experimental study on English for Specific Purposes (ESP) students, at the Business Department at the University of Bisha, the purpose of the study is to examine the effect of chatbot use on learning ESP in online classrooms during COVID-19 and find out how Dialogflow chabot can be a useful and interactive online platform to help ESP learners in learning vocabulary well. Design/methodology/approach The research paper is based on an experimental study of two groups, an experiential group and a controlled group. Two tests were carried out. Pre-tests and post-test of vocabulary knowledge were conducted for both groups to explore the usefulness of using the Dialogflow chatbot in learning ESP vocabulary. A designed chatbot content was prepared and included all the vocabulary details related to words' synonyms and a brief explanation of words’ meanings. An informal interview is another tool used in the study. The purpose of using the interview with the participants was to elicit more data from the participants about using the chatbot and about how and in what aspects chatbot using the conversational program was useful and productive. Findings The findings of the study explored that the use of chatbots plays a major role in enhancing and learning ESP vocabulary. That was clear as the results showed that the students who used the chatbot Dialogflow in the experimental group outperformed their counterparts in the control group. Research limitations/implications The study displays an important pedagogical implication as the use of chatbots could be applied in several settings to improve language learning in general or learning ESP courses in particular. Chatbot creates an interesting environment to foster build good interactions where negotiation of meaning takes place clearly seems to be of great benefit to help learners advance in their L2 lexical development. Originality/value Examining and exploring whether the use of chatbots play

关键词： Chatbot English for specific purposes (ESP) ESP vocabulary English as second language (ESL) Online platform

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A Comparative Study of Enriched Computational Homogenization Schemes Applied to Two-Dimensional Pattern-Transforming Elastomeric Mechanical Metamaterials

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sperling, S.O. Guo, T. Peerlings, R.H.J. Kouznetsova, V.G. Geers, M.G.D. Rokoš, O. Mechanics of Materials Department of Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 Eindhoven5600 MB Netherlands Centre for Analysis Scientific Computing and Applications Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 Eindhoven5600 MB Netherlands Department of Mechanics Faculty of Civil Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Thákurova 7 Prague 6166 29 Czech Republic

Elastomeric mechanical metamaterials exhibit unconventional behaviour, emerging from their microstructures often deforming in a highly nonlinear and unstable manner. Such microstructural pattern transformations lead to non-local behaviour and induce abrupt changes in the effective properties, beneficial for engineering applications. To avoid expensive simulations fully resolving the underlying microstructure, homogenization methods are employed. In this contribution, a systematic comparative study is performed, assessing the predictive capability of several computational homogenization schemes in the realm of two-dimensional elastomeric metamaterials with a square stacking of circular holes. In particular, classical first-order and two enriched schemes of second-order and micromorphic computational homogenization type are compared with ensemble-averaged full direct numerical simulations on three examples: uniform compression and bending of an infinite specimen, and compression of a finite specimen. It is shown that although the second-order scheme provides good qualitative predictions, it fails in accurately capturing bifurcation strains and slightly over-predicts the homogenized response. The micromorphic method provides the most accurate prediction for tested examples, although soft boundary layers induce large errors at small scale ratios. The first-order scheme yields good predictions for high separations of scales, but suffers from convergence issues, especially when localization occurs. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Homogenization method

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Breast Cancer Detection and Classification on Mammogram Images Using Morphological Approach

Breast Cancer Detection and Classification on Mammogram Imag...

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International Conference on Engineering technology and their Applications (IICETA)

作者： Wan Azani Mustafa Arrif Amirul Azmi Mohd Aminudin Jamlos Hiam Alquran Wan Khairunizam Shahrina Ismail Ahmed Alkhayyat Juhara Haron Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology Advanced Computing (COE) Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Arau Perlis Malaysia Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Arau Perlis Malaysia Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology Engineering Centre of Excellence (ACE) University Malaysia Perlis Malaysia Biomedical Systems and Medical Informatics Engineering Yarmouk University Irbid Jordan Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) Bandar Baru Nilai Negeri Sembilan Malaysia Faculty of Engineering The Islamic University Najaf Iraq School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Kota Bharu Kelantan Malaysia

ISBN: (数字)9781665472159

ISBN: (纸本)9781665472166

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide. Mammography is the most well-known and effective method to detect early signs of breast cancer. The purpose of this paper is to detect breast cancer on the mammogram image to classify the disease through morphological techniques. Using conventional methods makes radiology difficult to detect cancer found in the patient’s breast. This proposal can be divided into several elements, which are input database, image preprocessing, image segmentation, morphological analysis, and object recognition. First, image preprocessing will be done using the Weiner and Median filters. Second, the thresholding method for image segmentation will be performed, and lastly, morphology will remove imperfections introduced during the image segmentation process. Finally, the image is classified into two classes: normal and cancerous images. A median filter and 0.95 thresholding achieve an accuracy of 93.71%, a sensitivity of 94.36%, and a specificity of 82.53% for the cancerous images.

关键词： Image segmentation Sensitivity Morphology Radiology Breast cancer Mammography Proposals

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