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Nucleus segmentation in pap smear images using image processing techniques

AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期2934卷

作者： Mohammad Alslatie Hiam Alquran Wan Azani Mustafa Mohammed Mansour Naser Yasmin Mohd Yacob The Institute of Biomedical Technology King Hussein Medical Center Royal Jordanian Medical Service Amman 11855 Jordan Biomedical Systems and Medical Informatics Engineering Yarmouk University 21163 Irbid Jordan Department of Biomedical Engineering Jordan University of Science and Technology 22110 Irbid Jordan Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Campus Pauh Putra 02600 Arau Perlis Malaysia Advanced Computing (AdvComp) Centre of Excellence (CoE) Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Campus Pauh Putra 02600 Arau Perlis Malaysia Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Campus Pauh Putra 02600 Arau Perlis Malaysia

Cervical cancer is caused by the growth of abnormal cells in the cervix’s lining. Human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection, plays a role in most cervical cancers. Therefore, cervical cancer can be avoided by having regular screenings and being vaccinated against HPV infection. The term pap-smear refers to human cell samples stained using the Papanicolaou method. The Papanicolaou method is used to detect precancerous cell changes before they become invasive cancer. The smear cell image is composed of a nucleus and cytoplasm. Cancer prevalence is determined by the shape and structure of the nucleus. Therefore, the segmentation of the nucleus is an essential step in detecting cancer. However, overlapping, poor contrast, uneven staining, and other factors make cervical nucleus segmentation difficult. This paper proposes a new segmentation method for the cervical nucleus using digital image processing. Our proposed method used a median filter to remove noise and a non-linear contrast stretching to enhance the Pap smear images. Then, we used Bradley thresholding for the segmented cervical nucleus. The main impact of this paper will assist doctors in diagnosing cervical cancer based on Pap smear images and increase the accuracy percentages compared to the conventional method.

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Ultrasound cavitation and exfoliation dynamics of 2D materials revealed in operando by X-ray free electron laser megahertz imaging

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Xiang, Kang Huang, Shi Song, Hongyuan Bazhenov, Vasilii Bellucci, Valerio Birnšteinová, Sarlota de Wijn, Raphael Koliyadu, Jayanath C.P. Koua, Faisal H.M. Round, Adam Round, Ekaterina Sarma, Abhisakh Sato, Tokushi Sikorski, Marcin Zhang, Yuhe Asimakopoulou, Eleni Myrto Villanueva-Perez, Pablo Porfyrakis, Kyriakos Tzanakis, Iakovos Eskin, Dmitry G. Grobert, Nicole Mancuso, Adrian Bean, Richard Vagovič, Patrik Mi, Jiawei School of Engineering University of Hull HullHU6 7RX United Kingdom European XFEL Holzkoppel 4 Schenefeld22869 Germany Synchrotron Radiation Research and NanoLund Lund University Box 118 Lund221 00 Sweden Faculty of Engineering and Science University of Greenwich Central Avenue Chatham Maritime KentME4 4TB United Kingdom School of Engineering Computing and Mathematics Oxford Brookes University College Cl Wheatley OxfordOX33 1HX United Kingdom Brunel Centre for Advanced Solidification Technology Brunel University London Kingston Lane LondonUB8 3PH United Kingdom Department of Materials University of Oxford Parks Road OxfordOX1 3PH United Kingdom Department of Chemistry and Physics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe University MelbourneVIC Australia The Diamond Light Source Ltd Harwell Science & Innovation Campus DidcotOX11 0DE United Kingdom Centre for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestr. 85 Hamburg22607 Germany

Ultrasonic liquid phase exfoliation is a promising method for the production of two-dimensional (2D) layered materials. A large number of studies have been made in investigating the underlying ultrasound exfoliation mechanisms. However, due to the experimental challenges for capturing the highly transient and dynamic phenomena in real-time at sub-μs time and µm length scales simultaneously, most theories reported to date still remain elusive. Here, using the ultra-short X-ray Free Electron Laser pulses (~25ps) with a unique pulse train structure, we applied MHz X-ray Microscopy and machine-learning technique to reveal unambiguously the full cycles of the ultrasound cavitation and graphite layer exfoliation dynamics with sub-μs and µm resolution. Cyclic fatigue shock wave impacts produced by ultrasound cloud implosion were identified as the dominant mechanism to deflect and exfoliate graphite layers mechanically. For the graphite flakes, exfoliation rate as high as ~5 Å per shock wave impact was observed. For the HOPG graphite, the highest exfoliation rate was ~0.15 Å per impact. These new findings are scientifically and technologically important for developing industrial upscaling strategies for ultrasonic exfoliation of 2D materials. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Shock waves

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Bebop 2 Quadrotor as a Platform for Research and Education in Robotics and Control Engineering

Bebop 2 Quadrotor as a Platform for Research and Education i...

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International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS)

作者： Wojciech Giernacki Piotr Kozierski Jacek Michalski Marek Retinger Rafal Madonski Pascual Campoy Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence Faculty of Control Robotics and Electrical Engineering of Poznan University of Technology Poznań Poland Institute of Computing Science (Faculty of Computing and Telecommunications) and with the Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence (Faculty of Control Robotics and Electrical Engineering) Poznan University of Technology Poznań Poland International Energy College Energy Electricity Research Center Jinan University Zhuhai China Computer Vision and Aerial Robotics (CVAR) Centre for Automation and Robotics Technical University of Madrid (UPM) Madrid Spain

ISBN: (数字)9781728142784

ISBN: (纸本)9781728142791

In conducting research and teaching in fields related to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), it is particularly important to select a universal, safe, open research platform and tools for rapid prototyping. Ready-to-use, low-cost micro-class UAVs such as Bebop 2 are successfully used in that regard. This article presents how to use the potential of this flying robot with Robot Operating System (ROS). The most important software solutions for the developed experimental testbed FlyBebop are characterized here. Their capabilities in research and education are exemplified using three distinct cases: 1) research results on the method of optimal, in-flight, iterative self-tuning of UAV position controller parameters (based only on current measurements), 2) the use of the reinforcement learning method in the autonomous landing of a single drone on a moving vehicle, 3) planning the movement of UAVs for autonomous video recording along the planned path in the arrangement: "cameraman drone" and "lighting technician drones".

关键词： Drones Robots Education Cameras Sensors Tools

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Disentangling high-order mechanisms and high-order behaviours in complex systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Rosas, Fernando E. Mediano, Pedro A.M. Luppi, Andrea I. Varley, Thomas F. Lizier, Joseph T. Stramaglia, Sebastiano Jensen, Henrik J. Marinazzo, Daniele Data Science Institute Imperial College London United Kingdom Centre for Psychedelic Research Imperial College London United Kingdom Centre for Complexity Science Imperial College London United Kingdom Department of Psychology University of Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Psychology Queen Mary University of London United Kingdom University Division of Anaesthesia University of Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Cambridge United Kingdom Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence University of Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States Centre for Complex Systems Faculty of Engineering The University of Sydney Australia Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro Italy INFN Sezione di Bari Italy Department of Mathematics Imperial College London United Kingdom Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan Department of Data Analysis Ghent University Belgium

Battiston et al. (arXiv:2110.06023) provide a comprehensive overview of how investigations of complex systems should take into account interactions between more than two elements, which can be modelled by hypergraphs and studied via topological data analysis. Following a separate line of enquiry, a broad literature has developed information-theoretic tools to characterize high-order interdependencies from observed data. While these could seem to be competing approaches aiming to address the same question, in this correspondence we clarify that this is not the case, and that a complete account of higher-order phenomena needs to embrace both. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Large scale systems

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Preface

Advanced Structured Materials

引用

Advanced Structured Materials 2025年 228卷 v页

作者： Singh, Deepak Kumar Sambhav, Saurabh Pandey, Ashok Kumar Ismail, Azman Zulkipli, Fatin Nur Öchsner, Andreas Amity University Patna Bihar Patna India Employees Selection Board Bhopal Directorate of Technical Education RGPV Madhya Pradesh Bhopal India Maritime Engineering Technology and Centre for Women Advancement and Leadership Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology Perak Lumut Malaysia Information Science Studies College of Computing Informatics and Mathematics Universiti Teknologi MARA Kelantan Machang Malaysia Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Esslingen University of Applied Sciences Baden-Württemberg Esslingen am Neckar Germany

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A Conceptual Model of Cyberterrorists’ Rhetorical Structure in Protecting National Critical Infrastructure 1st

A Conceptual Model of Cyberterrorists’ Rhetorical Structure...

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1st International Conference on Smart Innovation, Ergonomics and Applied Human Factors, SEAHF 2019

作者： Osman, Khairunnisa Alarood, Ala Jano, Zanariah Ahmad, Rabiah Manaf, Azizah Abdul Mahmoud, Marwan Innovative and Sustainable Technical Education Centre of Technopreneurship Development University Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Melaka Malaysia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information Technology University of Jeddah Jeddah Saudi Arabia Information Security and Networking Research Group Center for Advanced Computing Technology Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Melaka Malaysia King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9783030229634

This study presents a conceptual paper on developing a model of cyberterrorists’ rhetorical structure. The objectives of the study are to identify the type of rhetoric’s in cyber terrorists’ communication, analyze how the cyber terrorists utilize appeal to audience, stylistic devices and argumentation in their communication and to propose a model of cyber terrorists’ rhetorical structure. A rhetorical analysis is conducted by examining recent cyberterrorists sites in popular media. Several categories are utilized;Appeal to the audience;Stylistic devices and Argumentation model. Drawing on a selected theoretical framework a combination of quantitative word-level analysis and qualitative coding will be used to assess the categories which are framed by cyber terrorists. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Terrorism

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Nucleus region detection of cervical cytology using image channel conversion techniques

引用

AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3135卷

作者： Hiam Alquran Alaa Badarneh Mohammed Alsalatie Wan Azani Mustafa Batul Alquraan Department of Biomedical Systems and Medical Informatics Engineering Yarmouk University Irbid Jordan Department of Biomedical Engineering Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan The Institute of Biomedical Technology King Hussein Medical Center Royal Jordanian Medical Service Amman 11855 Jordan Faculty of Electrical Engineering & Technology University of Malaysia Perlis UniCITI Alam Campus Sungai Chuchuh Perlis Malaysia Advanced Computing (AdvComp) Centre of Excellence (CoE) Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Campus Pauh Putra 02600 Arau Perlis Malaysia

Cervical cancer is a form of cancer that develops in the cells of the cervix, which links the uterus to the vagina. Cervical cancer can often be prevented by attending the cervical screening, which aims to find and treat changes to cells before they turn into cancer. Pap smear images are a more popular technique for screening cervical cancer. The nucleus and cytoplasm are present in the smear cell images. The spread of cancer is determined by the shape and structure of the nucleus. Thus, nucleus segmentation is an important step in cancer detection. However, overlapping, poor contrast, uneven staining, and other factors make cervical nucleus segmentation difficult. This paper proposes a new segmentation method for the cervical nucleus using digital image processing. In our proposed method, image processing techniques are employed to segment the nucleus. This method mainly compared the performance of using Red Green Blue (RGB) channels and Hue, Saturation, and Value (HSV). The best two channels from each two-colored image representation are compared, where the V channel is the best among H and S channels. On the other hand, G chancel is the best among the G and B channels. Therefore, the best two channels are compared, and the segmentation using the G channel is the best among all, with a sensitivity of 94.3%, specificity of 94.6% and precision of 88.3%. The main impact of this paper will be to assist doctors in diagnosing cervical cancer-based segmentation of the nucleus in Pap smear images.

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The effects of different travel modes and travel destinations on COVID-19 transmission in global cities

引用

science Bulletin 2022年第6期67卷 588-592,M0003页

作者： Rui Zhu Luc Anselin Michael Batty Mei-Po Kwan Min Chen Wei Luo Tao Cheng Che Kang Lim Paolo Santi Cheng Cheng Qiushi Gu Man Sing Wong Kai Zhang Guonian Lü Carlo Ratti Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics the Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment(Ministry of Education) Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Senseable City Laboratory Future Urban Mobility IRGSingapore-MIT Alliance for Research and TechnologySingapore 138602Singapore Center for Spatial Data Science Division of the Social SciencesUniversity of ChicagoChicago IL 60637USA School of Geography Science Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis Faculty of the Built EnvironmentUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of Geography and Resource Management the Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Institute of Space and Earth Information Science the Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning Utrecht UniversityUtrecht 3584 CSNetherlands State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution Nanjing 210023China Department of Geography National University of SingaporeSingapore 117570Singapore SpaceTimeLab Department of CivilEnvironmental and Geomatic EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of Clinical Translational Research Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169856Singapore Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm 17177Sweden Senseable City Laboratory Department of Urban Studies and PlanningMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Istituto di Informatica e Telematica del CNR Pisa 56124Italy Department of System Science Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchSingapore 138632Singapore Department of Tourism Studies School of HumanitiesSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China

The international community has made significant efforts to flatten the COVID-19 curve,including predicting transmission[1,2],executing unprecedented global lockdowns and social distancing[3,4],promoting the wearing of facemasks and social distancing measures[5],and isolating confirmed cases and contacts[6].Because of the adverse consequences of these lockdown measures[7],many cities have reopened so they can rebuild their ***,as mobility has gradually returned towards normal,imported cases from unknown sources have disrupted the recovery situation,and cities are continually at high risk of new waves of infection[8,9]since airborne transmission is the dominant transmission route[10].

关键词：多变量时间序列疫情传播出行方式谷歌公司交通出行病毒传播出行行为大城市

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Preface

Advanced Structured Materials

引用

Advanced Structured Materials 2023年 193卷 v页

作者： Ismail, Azman Zulkipli, Fatin Nur Yaakup, Syajaratunnur Öchsner, Andreas Centre for Women Advancement and Leadership Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology Universiti Kuala Lumpur Perak Lumut Malaysia Information Science Studies College of Computing Informatics and Mathematics Universiti Teknologi MARA Kelantan Branch Machang Malaysia Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology Universiti Kuala Lumpur Perak Lumut Malaysia Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Esslingen University Applied Sciences Esslingen am Neckar Germany

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Cell membrane vaccine delivery system: A review of the recent advances against breast cancer

引用

International Journal of Pharmaceutics 2025年 681卷 125849页

作者： Ayah Rebhi Hilles Syed Mahmood Riyanto Teguh Widodo Ahmad Khusairi Azemi Abu Hassan Nordin Abdin Shakirin Mohamad Norpi Muhammad Fauzi Abd Jalil Zarif Mohamed Sofian Mazlan Mohamed Kamarul Ariffin Hambali Nani Izreen Mohd Sani Roslina Rashid Muhammad Luqman Nordin INHART International Islamic University Malaysia Jalan Gombak 53100 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmacy Universiti Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Universiti Malaya Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals and Advanced Therapeutics (UBAT) Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Universiti Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Centre of Advanced Materials (CAM) Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chulalongkorn University Pathum Wan Bangkok 10330 Thailand Institute of Climate Change Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology Universiti Malaysia Terengganu 21030 Kuala Terengganu Terengganu Malaysia Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Campus Arau 02600 Perlis Malaysia Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak Perak 30450 Malaysia Faculty of Data Science and Computing Universiti Malaysia Kelantan City Campus Pengkalan Chepa Kota Bharu 16100 Kelantan Malaysia Faculty of Earth Science Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Jeli 17600 Kelantan Malaysia Animal and Wildlife Research Group Faculty of Earth Science Jeli Campus Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Jeli 17600 Kelantan Malaysia Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Pengkalan Chepa 16100 Kelantan Malaysia

Natural cells exhibit unique properties, such as homotypic targeting and prolonged circulation in the bloodstream, making them attractive candidates for breast cancer therapy vaccine delivery systems (VDSs). To improve delivery efficiency, these cells can be integrated with nanocarriers, paving the way for next-generation VDSs in the form of biomimetic nanomedicines. This review highlights recent progress in cell membrane-based vaccine delivery systems (CVDSs) and other types of vaccine delivery systems as a potential for breast cancer vaccine development. Cell membrane sources, including red blood cells (RBCs), cancer cells, and platelets are explored. Additionally, the methods for extracting these membranes and the mechanisms driving the functionality of biomimetic CVDSs are detailed. This review also highlights recent advancements and cutting-edge strategies of cell membrane vaccine delivery systems, with a particular focus on the use of cell-derived biomimetic nanotechnology for breast cancer. It also highlights breast cancer vaccines under development encompass protein-based (e.g., peptide vaccines), nucleic acid-based (DNA and RNA vaccines), immune cell-based (including dendritic cell and autologous tumor cell vaccines), and bacterial/viral vector-based vaccines. Each platform aims to elicit targeted anti-tumor immune responses.

关键词： Biomimetic Breast cancer Cell membrane Nanotechnology Vaccine

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