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arXiv 2021年

作者： Jayatilaka, Asangi Beu, Nathan Baetu, Irina Zahedi, Mansooreh Ali Babar, M. Hartley, Laura Lewinsmith, Winston CREST – the Centre for Research on Engineering Software Technologies School of Computer Science The University of Adelaide Australia School of Psychology University of Adelaide Australia School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne Australia Melbourne Australia

Evaluating the effectiveness of security awareness and training programs is critical for minimizing organizations’ human security risk. Based on a literature review and industry interviews, we discuss current practices and devise guidelines for measuring the effectiveness of security training and awareness initiatives used by organizations. © 2021, CC BY.

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A Survey of Error Analysis and Calibration Methods for MEMS Triaxial Accelerometers

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computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第7期64卷 389-399页

作者： Bo Xiao Yinghang Jiang Qi Liu Xiaodong Liu Mingxu Sun Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China School of Computer&Software Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjingChina School of Computing Edinburgh Napier UniversityEdinburghUK Centre for Health Sciences Research University of SalfordSalfordM54WTUK Shandong Beiming Medical Technology Ltd. Jinan250101China

MEMS accelerometers are widely used in various fields due to their small size and low cost,and have good application ***,the low accuracy limits its range of *** ensure data accuracy and safety we need to calibrate MEMS *** authors have improved accelerometer accuracy by calculating calibration parameters,and a large number of published calibration methods have been *** this context,this paper introduces these techniques and methods,analyzes and summarizes the main error models and calibration procedures,and provides useful ***,the content of the accelerometer calibration method needs to be overcome.

关键词： MEMS accelerometer calibration error analysis accelerometer calibration

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A Ddos Attack Detection Framework: Leveraging Feature Selection Integration and Random Forest Optimization for Improved Security

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Chong, Yung-Wey Ali, Tariq Emad Manickam, Selvakumar Yusoff, Mohd Najwadi Yau, Kok-Lim Alvin Keoh, Sye-Loong Department of Information and Communication Engineering Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq National Advanced IPv6 Centre Universiti Sains Malaysia Penang Gelugor11800 Malaysia Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Sungai Long Selangor 43200 Malaysia School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Penang Gelugor11800 Malaysia School of Computing Science University of Glasgow GlasgowG12 8RZ United Kingdom

In the realm of network security, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks persist as significant threats by disrupting or blocking users' access to critical services. We introduce a framework, referred to as a Novel Feature-Model-Selection (NFMS), designed to enhance DDoS attack detection. NFMS focuses on identifying features and models known for their robust generalization, remarkable prediction accuracy, and swift prediction time. NFMS comprises four distinctive phases namely data preparation, feature selection, training and validation. Various machine learning algorithms are evaluated and finding shows that random forest is superior in a variety of assessment parameters. The last stage of NFMS is model optimization, where we adjust key RF parameters, such as sampling rate, maximum tree depth, and number of trees, to further improve the RF algorithm's effectiveness in DDoS attack detection. Crucially, our comprehensive testing on a wide range of datasets, such as the 104,345 DDOS attack SDN Dataset, 100,000 CIC-IDS2018, CIC-IDS2017, and CIC-DoS2016 synthetic datasets, over 1 million synthetic datasets, and over 330,000 CIC-DDoS2019 datasets, always demonstrates outstanding performance in the same category and highlights the outstanding generalization capabilities of our suggested NFMS framework. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Denial-of-service attack

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Confidence intervals uncovered: Are we ready for real-world medical imaging AI?

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Christodoulou, Evangelia Reinke, Annika Houhou, Rola Kalinowski, Piotr Erkan, Selen Sudre, Carole H. Burgos, Ninon Boutaj, Sofiène Loizillon, Sophie Solal, Maëlys Rieke, Nicola Cheplygina, Veronika Antonelli, Michela Mayer, Leon D. Tizabi, Minu D. Jorge Cardoso, M. Simpson, Amber Jäger, Paul F. Kopp-Schneider, Annette Varoquaux, Gaël Colliot, Olivier Maier-Hein, Lena Heidelberg Div. Intelligent Medical Systems Germany AI Health Innovation Cluster Germany NCT Heidelberg a partnership between DKFZ Heidelberg University Hospital Germany DKFZ Heidelberg Helmholtz Imaging Germany HIDSS4Health - Helmholtz Information and Data Science School for Health Germany DKFZ Heidelberg Interactive Machine Learning Group Germany MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing UCL Centre for Medical Image Computing Department of Computer Science University College London United Kingdom School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science King’s College London United Kingdom Sorbonne Université Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM CNRS Inria Inserm AP-HP Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière France NVIDIA Germany Department of Computer Science IT University of Copenhagen Denmark Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London United Kingdom School of Computing Queen’s University Canada Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences Queen’s University Canada Division of Biostatistics DKFZ Germany Parietal project team INRIA Saclay-Île de France France Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Germany Medical Faculty Heidelberg University Germany

Medical imaging is spearheading the AI transformation of healthcare. Performance reporting is key to determine which methods should be translated into clinical practice. Frequently, broad conclusions are simply derived from mean performance values. In this paper, we argue that this common practice is often a misleading simplification as it ignores performance variability. Our contribution is threefold. (1) Analyzing all MICCAI segmentation papers (n = 221) published in 2023, we first observe that more than 50% of papers do not assess performance variability at all. Moreover, only one (0.5%) paper reported confidence intervals (CIs) for model performance. (2) To address the reporting bottleneck, we show that the unreported standard deviation (SD) in segmentation papers can be approximated by a second-order polynomial function of the mean Dice similarity coefficient (DSC). Based on external validation data from 56 previous MICCAI challenges, we demonstrate that this approximation can accurately reconstruct the CI of a method using information provided in publications. (3) Finally, we reconstructed 95% CIs around the mean DSC of MICCAI 2023 segmentation papers. The median CI width was 0.03 which is three times larger than the median performance gap between the first and second ranked method. For more than 60% of papers, the mean performance of the second-ranked method was within the CI of the first-ranked method. We conclude that current publications typically do not provide sufficient evidence to support which models could potentially be translated into clinical practice. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Medical imaging

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Responsible AI Governance: A Response to UN Interim Report on Governing AI for Humanity

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Stahl, Bernd Townsend, Beverley Maple, Carsten Vincent, Charles Sampson, Fraser Gilbert, Geoff Smith, Helen Deshmukh, Jayati Ross, Jen Williams, Jennifer del Rincon, Jesus Martinez Lisinska, Justyna O’Shea, Karen Da Costa Abreu, Márjory Bencomo, Nelly Deb, Oishi Winter, Peter Li, Phoebe Torr, Philip H.S. Lau, Pin Lean Iniesta, Raquel Kiden, Sarah Ramchurn, Sarvapali D. Stein, Sebastian Yazdanpanah, Vahid University of Nottingham United Kingdom University of York United Kingdom University of Warwick United Kingdom Queen’s Business School Queen’s University Belfast United Kingdom Centre of Excellence in Terrorism Resilience Intelligence & Organised Crime Research Sheffield Hallam University United Kingdom School of Law & Human Rights Centre University of Essex Colchester United Kingdom University of Bristol United Kingdom School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton United Kingdom Centre for Research in Digital Education University of Edinburgh United Kingdom The University of Southampton United Kingdom Queen’s University Belfast United Kingdom The Policy Institute King’s College London United Kingdom School of Engineering and Computing University of Central Lancashire United Kingdom Sheffield Hallam University United Kingdom Durham University United Kingdom Department of Engineering Science Department of Computer Science University of Oxford United Kingdom University of Bristol United Kingdom School of Law Politics and Sociology University of Sussex United Kingdom Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford United Kingdom Brunel University London United Kingdom Biostatistics and Health Informatics Department King’s College London United Kingdom Hub United Kingdom

This report presents a comprehensive response to the United Nation\'s InterimReport on Governing Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Humanity. It emphasizesthe transformative potential of AI in achieving the Sustainable DevelopmentGoals (SDGs) while acknowledging the need for robust governance to mitigateassociated risks. The response highlights opportunities for promotingequitable, secure, and inclusive AI ecosystems, which should be supported byinvestments in infrastructure and multi-stakeholder collaborations acrossjurisdictions. It also underscores challenges, including societal inequalitiesexacerbated by AI, ethical concerns, and environmental impacts. Recommendationsadvocate for legally binding norms, transparency, and multi-layered datagovernance models, alongside fostering AI literacy and capacity-buildinginitiatives. Internationally, the report calls for harmonising AI governanceframeworks with established laws, human rights standards, and regulatoryapproaches. The report concludes with actionable principles for fosteringresponsible AI governance through collaboration among governments, industry,academia, and civil society, ensuring the development of AI aligns withuniversal human values and the public good. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Characterizing entanglement using quantum discord over state extensions

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Physical Review A 2022年第1期105卷 012426-012426页

作者： Chunhe Xiong Sunho Kim Daowen Qiu Asutosh Kumar Junde Wu Institute of Quantum Computing and Computer Theory School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 China Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information Department of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China School of Computer and Computing Science Zhejiang University City College Hangzhou 310015 China School of Mathematical Sciences Harbin Engineering University Harbin 150001 China Instituto de Telecomunicaçőes Departamento de Matemática Instituto Superior Técnico Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 1049-001 Lisbon Portugal P. G. Department of Physics Gaya College Magadh University Rampur Gaya 823001 India Harish-Chandra Research Institute HBNI Chhatnag Road Jhunsi Allahabad 211019 India Vaidic and Modern Physics Research Centre Bhagal Bhim Bhinmal Jalore 343029 India School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

We propose a framework to characterize entanglement with quantum discord, both asymmetric and symmetric, over state extensions. In particular, we show that the minimal Bures distance of discord over state extensions is equivalent to the Bures distance of entanglement. This equivalence places quantum discord in a more primitive position than entanglement conceptually in the sense that entanglement can be interpreted as an irreducible part of discord over all state extensions. Based on this equivalence, we also offer an operational meaning of the Bures distance of entanglement by connecting it to quantum state discrimination. Moreover, for the relative entropy part, we prove that the entanglement measure introduced by Devi and Rajagopal [A. R. U. Devi and A. K. Rajagopal, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 140502 (2008)] is actually equivalent to the relative entropy of entanglement. We also provide several quantifications of entanglement based on discord measures.

关键词： Quantum correlations in quantum information Quantum discord Quantum entanglement

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Evaluation of the Montenegrin Academic Digital Innovation Hub

Evaluation of the Montenegrin Academic Digital Innovation Hu...

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International Scientific-Professional Conference on Information Technology (IT)

作者： Luka Laković Peter A. Kara Ivana Ognjanović Laszlo Bokor Ramo Šendelj Christoph Reich Milovan Roganović Emmanouil Zoulias Jevto Eraković Tanja Radusinović Nada Rakočević Aniko Simon Faculty for Information Systems and Technologies University of Donja Gorica 81000 Podgorica Montenegro Department of Networked Systems and Services Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Budapest University of Technology and Economics 1111 Budapest Hungary Department of Computer Science School of Computer Science and Mathematics Wireless Multimedia and Networking Research Group Faculty of Science Engineering and Computing Kingston University London KT1 2EE UK Humanistic Studies University of Donja Gorica 81000 Podgorica Montenegro Institute of Data Science Cloud Computing and IT Security Furtwangen University 78120 Furtwangen Germany Clinic for Neurology Clinical Centre of Montenegro 81000 Podgorica Montenegro Faculty of Nursing School of Health Sciences National and Kapodistrian University of Athens 11527 Goudi Greece Chamber of Economy of Montenegro 81000 Podgorica Montenegro Sigma Technology 1093 Budapest Hungary

In the era of global digitalization, digital innovation hubs have become essential, as they function as transforming forces. In this paper, we provide an analysis of the Montenegrin Academic Digital Innovation Hub by applying multi-criteria qualitative evaluation over several criteria: process flow of fully digitized operations of the Hub (with aspects of the innovation life-cycle, ethics, and security), resource management, strategic goals, and feasibility. The paper also proposes a model of comprehensive resource management via the perspective of smart specialization priorities of Montenegro.

关键词： Technological innovation Ethics Resource management Security Information technology

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Assistive Technical Communication of Montenegrin eServices: a Case Study

Assistive Technical Communication of Montenegrin eServices: ...

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International Scientific-Professional Conference on Information Technology (IT)

作者： Aniko Simon Luka Laković Pavle Kovačević Peter A. Kara Ivana Ognjanović Ramo Šendelj Christoph Reich Milovan Roganović John Mantas Laszlo Bokor Sigma Technology 1093 Budapest Hungary Faculty for Information Systems and Technologies University of Donja Gorica 81000 Podgorica Montenegro Budapest University of Technology and Economics 1111 Budapest Hungary Department of Networked Systems and Services Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Budapest University of Technology and Economics 1111 Budapest Hungary Department of Computer Science School of Computer Science and Mathematics Faculty of Science Engineering and Computing Wireless Multimedia and Networking Research Group Kingston University London KT1 2EE UK Humanistic Studies University of Donja Gorica 81000 Podgorica Montenegro Institute of Data Science Cloud Computing and IT Security Furtwangen University 78120 Furtwangen Germany Clinic for Neurology Clinical Centre of Montenegro 81000 Podgorica Montenegro Faculty of Nursing School of Health Sciences National and Kapodistrian University of Athens 11527 Goudi Greece

With the advancement of information technology in the recent decades, digital and online services have become essential components of everyday life in Europe. Montenegro is no different in this regard. However, as digital literacy in the country is still in a developing phase in comparison with most countries of the EU, a higher portion of its citizens may rely on assistive technical communication. In this paper, we provide a case study on the assistive technical communication of Montenegrin eServices. The work addresses the sectors of online banking, healthcare services, higher education, national administrative services, and utilities. Our findings highlight the diversity in terms of implemented assistive technical communication, and distinguish usage contexts on the level of adequacy. Yet as the functionalities of Montenegrin eServices are expected to gradually expand in the upcoming years, assistive technical communication must aim to handle the higher extents of service complexity.

关键词： Online banking Education Europe Medical services Complexity theory Information technology

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Improving the Cybersecurity of Critical National Infrastructure using Modelling and Simulation

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ani, Uchenna D. McK Watson, Jeremy D. Tuptuk, Nilufer Hailes, Steve Carr, Madeline Maple, Carsten School of Computing and Mathematics Keele University United Kingdom Department of Science Technology Engineering and Public Policy University College London United Kingdom Department of Security and Crime Science University College London United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University College London United Kingdom Cybersecurity Centre WMG University of Warwick United Kingdom

This policy note aims to raise awareness of the importance of adopting cybersecurity modelling and simulation techniques that embody integrated social and technical factors. It is based on research and synthesis following a state-of-the-art literature survey and engagement workshop with critical infrastructure stakeholders hosted by the Department for Transport (DfT) in February 2019, and a desk-based study in the ongoing (2020-2022) PETRAS Modelling for Sociotechnical Security (MASS) project. Participants from academia, business and industrial sectors, and government came together to discuss the effectiveness of modelling and simulation to support the protection of modern Critical Infrastructure Systems. The discussion also covered how government effort, through policy interventions, can support the National Cyber Security Strategy 2016-2021, and beyond. Although the focus of the initial workshop was the transport sector, the insights drawn and recommendations made can be applied to other critical national infrastructure sectors such as Energy, Water, Defence, Chemicals, and Food. This policy briefing is targeted at government departments and agencies with management and regulatory roles linked to critical infrastructure sectors listed above. The advice may be particularly relevant to DfT, Cabinet Office, BEIS, Home Office, DCMS, DEFRA, and GO-science. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Critical infrastructures

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从四方到立方:高性能太阳能电池的钙钛矿相结构演变

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science Bulletin 2023年第2期68卷 141-145,M0003页

作者：魏旗梁昊 Yuki Haruta Makhsud Saidaminov 米启兮 Michael Saliba 崔光磊宁志军 School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China High Performance Computing Department National Supercomputing Center in ShenzhenShenzhen 200441China Department of Chemistry and Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering and Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies(CAMTEC) University of VictoriaVictoria V8P 5C2Canada Institute for Photovoltaics University of StuttgartStuttgart 70569Germany Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China

Crystal structure, which is generally determined by the composition, ionic radius and valence state of constituent elements, plays a significant role in the material’s fundamental properties such as optical, electronic, and mechanical characters. The manipulation of the crystal structure through compositional engineering, and understanding the relationship between crystal structure and properties are essential for the development of materials.

关键词：太阳能电池结构演变钙钛矿相

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