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Conference on control and Fault-Tolerant Systems

作者： Geert Gins Jef Vanlaer Jan Van Impe KU Leuven Department of Chemical Engineering Chemical and Biochemical Process Technology and Control (BioTeC)

ISBN: (纸本)9781479928569

process simulators are widely used to develop and benchmark techniques for Statistical process Monitoring (SPM). Typically, the simulators are deterministic and do not take process variability into account. However, modern processes in (bio)chemical industry focus on bio-based production with the help of microorganisms, and are, therefore, subject to larger inherent process variability. In this work, the influence of process variability on the performance of SPM is demonstrated in two representative case studies by adding different levels of process variability to the well-known PENSIM benchmark simulator. In the first case study, a significant improvement (i.e., decrease) of fault detection times is observed. It is hypothesized that process variability causes a persistent excitation of the process, resulting in better process monitoring. In the second case study, a slightly poorer prediction of the batch-end quality was observed for increasing biological variability. Both case studies clearly illustrate that process variability has a profound influence on the performance of SPM techniques. When employing computer-generated data for development, testing or comparison of techniques, the use of a simulator that includes process variability is highly recommended.

关键词： statistical process monitoring simulator process monitoring Scanning Probe Microscopy development test

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Wall-to-Bed Heat Transfer at Minimum Gas-Solid Fluidization

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Journal of Powder technology 2014年第1期2014卷

作者： Huili Zhang Jan Degrève Jan Baeyens Raf Dewil Department of Chemical Engineering KU Leuven Chemical and Biochemical Process Technology and Control Section de Croylaan 46 3001 Heverlee Belgiumkuleuven.be School of Engineering University of Warwick Coventry UKwarwick.ac.uk Department of Chemical Engineering KU Leuven Process and Environmental Technology Lab J.P. De Nayerlaan 5 2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver Belgiumkuleuven.be

The heat transfer from a fluidized bed to the cooling jacket of the vessel has been studied for various powders at minimum fluidization conditions, by both convection and conduction approaches. These heat transfer characteristics are important as the point of transition between packed and fluidized bed operations and are needed in designing heat transfer operations where bubble-flow is not permitted. The effective thermal conductivity of the emulsion moreover determines the contact resistance at the heating or cooling surface, as used in packet renewal models to predict the wall-to-bed heat transfer. In expressing the overall heat transfer phenomenon as a convective heat transfer coefficient, it was found that the results could be fitted by Nu mf, j = 0.01Ar 0.42 .

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Gasification of plastic waste as waste-to-energy or waste-to-syngas recovery route

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Natural Science 2013年第6期5卷 695-704页

作者： Anke Brems Raf Dewil Jan Baeyens Rui Zhang College of Life Science and Technology The Key Laboratory of Bioprocess of Beijing Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China Department of Chemical Engineering Chemical and Biochemical Process Technology and Control Section Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Heverlee Belgium

The disposal of plastic solid waste (PSW) has become a major worldwide environmental problem. New sustainable processes have emerged, i.e. either advanced mechanical recycling of PSW as virgin or second grade plastic feedstock, or thermal treatments to recycle the waste as virgin monomer, as synthetic fuel gas, or as heat source (incineration with energy recovery). These processes avoid land filling, where the non-biodegradable plastics remain a lasting environmental burden. Within the thermal treatments, gasification and pyrolysis gain increased interest. Gasification has been widely studied and applied for biomass and coal, with results reported and published in literature. The application to the treatment of PSW is less documented. Gasification is commonly operated at high temperatures (> 600℃ to 800℃) in an air-lean environment (or oxygen-deficient in some applications): the air factor is generally between 20% and 40% of the amount of air needed for the combustion of the PSW. Gasification produces mostly a gas phase and a solid residue (char and ashes). The use of air introduces N2 in the product gases, thus considerably reducing the calorific value of the syngas, because of the dilution. The paper will review the existing literature data on PSW gasification, both as the result of laboratory and pilot-scale research. processes developed in the past will be illustrated. Recently, the use of a sequential gasification and combustion system (at very high temperatures) has been applied to various plastic-containing wastes, with atmospheric emissions shown to be invariably below the legal limits. Operating results and conditions will be reviewed in the paper, and completed with recent own lab-scale experimental results. These results demonstrate that gasification of PSW can be considered as a first order reaction, with values of the activation energy in the order of 187 to 289 kJ/mol as a function of the PSW nature.

关键词： Plastic Waste Re-Use Gasification Syngas Char Sustainability Reaction Rate

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Synthesis and Characterization of Various Protein <i>α</i>-Lactalbumin Nanotubes Structures by chemical Hydrolysis Method

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Advances in Nanoparticles 2013年第2期2卷 154-164页

作者： Pegah Esmaeilzadeh Zahra Fakhroueian Pouriya Esmaeilzadeh Narges Mohammadi Biomedical Material Department Institute of Pharmacy Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Germany College of Chemical Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Chemistry College of Science Alzahra University Tehran. Iran Process simulation and control Lab. Chemical Engineering Collage Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST) Tehran Iran

New water-based nanofluids including unparalleled milk protein α-lactalbumin hollow nano-bio-tubes using low cost, available and advanced partial chemical hydrolysis strategy in bottom-up nano-assembly have been employed in this work. The aqueous sol-gel chemistry in nanotechnology which we selected for this goal offers new fabrication as interesting smart protein nanotubes. The kinds of nanometer sized tubular structures such as waved, helically coiled, bent, bamboo-shaped, bead-like and branched single-walled protein nanotubes (SWPNTs) with a range of 3 - 8 nm in outer diameters were produced by this method. Complete characterization for natural produced nanotubes including SEM, TEM images, G bond and D bond in Raman spectroscopy, XRD patterns, DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering) and FTIR analysis were evaluated which they are most significant experiments in synthesized protein nanotubes soluble in clear water nanofluids and stabilization of transparent nanofluids was proved within more than one year after preparation. Various necessary ligand ion salts such as Mn2+, Zn2+ and Ca2+ or mixtures as bridge makers and producing biological self-assembly hollow SWPNTs were performed and we focused on new chemical technology under specific acidic hydrolysis method not conventional enzymatic proteolysis and applying surfactants, pH reagent, Tris-HCl buffer, polar solvent which could be produced by β-sheet stacked hydrolysed protein α-lactalbumin mechanism under appropriate conditions to achieving high efficiency new protein nanotubes skeleton. They can be promising materials applied in food science, diet nutrition, nanomedicine, nano-biotechnology and surgery.

关键词： Nanobiotechnology Milk Protein Nanotubes Helical Self-Assembly Water-Based Nanofluids chemical Hydrolysis Nanomedicine

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Correntropy-based kernel learning for nonlinear system identification with unknown noise: an industrial case study

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2013年第32期46卷 361-366页

作者： Yi Liu Junghui Chen Engineering Research Center of Process Equipment and Remanufacturing Ministry of Education Institute of Process Equipment and Control Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 Zhejiang P. R. China (Tel: +86-571-8887-1060 R&D Center for Membrane Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Chung-Yuan Christian University Chung-Li Taiwan 320 Republic of China (Tel.: +886-3-2654107 Fax: +886-3-2654199

One significant challenge in nonlinear system identification development for industrial processes is that the modeling samples often contain outliers and unknown noise. In this paper, a novel Correntropy-based Kernel Learning (CKL) method is proposed for identification of nonlinear systems with such uncertainty. Without resort to unnecessary efforts, the CKL identification method can reduce the effects of outliers by the use of a robust nonlinear estimator that maximizes correntropy. The superiority of the proposed CKL method is demonstrated through identification of an industrial process in Taiwan. The benefit of its more accurate and reliable performance indicates that CKL is promising in practice for identification of nonlinear systems with unknown noise.

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Performance improvement of an NMPC problem by search space reduction and experimental validation to a PEM fuel cell system

Performance improvement of an NMPC problem by search space r...

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European control Conference (ECC)

作者： Chrysovalantou Ziogou Michael C. Georgiadis Efstratios N. Pistikopoulos Spyros Voutetakis Simira Papadopoulou Department of Engineering Informatics University of Western Macedonia Kozani Greece Department of Chemical Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College London UK Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute (CPERI) Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH) Thessaloniki Greece Department of Automation Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781479901890

The current work addresses the control issues that arise during the operation of a fuel cell system based on a novel combination of two Model Predictive control strategies, explicit and Nonlinear MPC (NMPC). The proposed framework relies on an NMPC formulation that uses a simultaneous direct transcription dynamic optimization method that recasts the multivariable control problem into a nonlinear programming problem using a warm-start initialization method. The performance of the optimizer is improved by a search space reduction technique which is based on a piecewise affine approximation of the variable's feasible space, derived offline by a multi-parametric Quadratic Programming method. The behavior of the explicit NMPC framework is initially explored by a simulation study and subsequently it is experimentally verified through the online deployment to the fuel cell unit, demonstrating excellent response in terms of computational effort and accuracy with respect to the control objectives.

关键词： Fuel cells Optimization Aerospace electronics Mathematical model Power demand Approximation methods Nonlinear dynamical systems

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Adaptive neural output feedback control for stochastic nonlinear systems with unknown control directions

Adaptive neural output feedback control for stochastic nonli...

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Chinese control Conference (CCC)

作者： Zhaoxu Yu Shugang Li Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Process of Ministry of Education East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China Department of Industrial Engineering and Logistics Shanghai Jiao Tong University China 200240 China

This paper focuses on the problem of adaptive output feedback stabilization for a class of stochastic nonlinear system with unknown control directions. By using a linear state transformation, the unknown control coefficients are lumped together, such that the original system is transformed to a new system for which control design becomes feasible. By employing the input-driven observer, a novel adaptive neural network (NN) output-feedback controller which only contains one adaptive parameter is developed for such systems by using backstepping technique and NNs' parameterization. The proposed control design guarantees that all the signals in the closed-loop systems are 4-moment semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded.

关键词： Adaptive systems Artificial neural networks Nonlinear systems control design Observers

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Constrained switching stabilization of a dc-dc boost converter using piecewise-linear Lyapunov functions

Constrained switching stabilization of a dc-dc boost convert...

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Mediterranean Conference on control & Automation

作者： Christos Yfoulis Damian Giaouris Spyridon Voutetakis Simira Papadopoulou Department of Automation Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki Chemical Process Engineering Research Institute (C.P.E.R.I.) Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CE.R.T.H.) Thermi-Thessaloniki

ISBN: (纸本)9781479909964

This paper describes a new methodology for designing robust and efficient control laws for power converters. In addition to guaranteed closed-loop robust stability, the proposed design is capable of addressing a number of further key issues, i.e. low complexity of the implementation, accurate nonlinear dynamics incorporation, nonconservative handling of hard state and control constraints, and robustness to supply voltage variations and setpoint changes. The control design is of a set-theoretic nature. The iterative algorithms used for controller generation are based on the ray-gridding approach, that generates piecewise-linear Lyapunov functions and corresponding controlled invariant polytopes, induced by systematic conic decompositions of the state-space and state-dependent switching control actions. The proposed technique is evaluated on a boost converter case study. Simulation results in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment are reported. The bifurcation behaviour of the system is further studied by numerical and analytical nonlinear stability analysis.

关键词： DC-DC boost converter Ray-gridding Constrained stabilization Piecewise-linear Lyapunov functions

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A soft sensor development for the estimation of benzene content in catalytic reformate

A soft sensor development for the estimation of benzene cont...

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35th International Convention on Information and Communication technology, Electronics and Microelectronics, MIPRO 2012

作者： Ujević Andrijić, Željka Karlović, Romano Žeželj, Boris Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology Department of Measurement and Process Control Zagreb Croatia Rijeka Refinery Process Automation Kostrena Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9789532330724

As vehicle emission standards become more stringent, there is an increasing need for continual monitoring of benzene content in gasoline. Since the on-line analyzers are often unavailable, and laboratory analyses are infrequently obtained, soft sensors for the estimation of benzene content of light reformate are developed. Soft sensors are developed using system identification methods. Experimental data is acquired from the refinery distributed control system (DCS) and include continuously measured variables and analyzer assays available on-line. In the present work, the development of a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) model, an Output Error (OE) model and an Auto-Regressive Model with Exogenous Inputs (ARX) model are presented. To overcome the problem of selecting the best model parameters by trial and error, genetic algorithm was used. Based on developed soft sensors, it is possible to entirely replace on-line analyzers with soft sensors by embedding the model in a DCS on-site. © 2012 MIPRO.

关键词： Benzene

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Synthesis and Characterization of Various Protein α-Lactalbumin Nanotubes Structures by chemical Hydrolysis Method

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Advances in Nanoparticles 2013年第2期2卷

作者： Pegah Esmaeilzadeh Zahra Fakhroueian Pouriya Esmaeilzadeh Narges Mohammadi Biomedical Material Department Institute of Pharmacy Martin Luther University College of Chemical Engineering University of Tehran Process simulation and control Lab. Chemical Engineering Collage Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST)

New water-based nanofluids including unparalleled milk protein α-lactalbumin hollow nano-bio-tubes using low cost, available and advanced partial chemical hydrolysis strategy in bottom-up nano-assembly have been employed in this work. The aqueous sol-gel chemistry in nanotechnology which we selected for this goal offers new fabrication as inter- esting smart protein nanotubes. The kinds of nanometer sized tubular structures such as waved, helically coiled, bent, bamboo-shaped, bead-like and branched single-walled protein nanotubes (SWPNTs) with a range of 3 - 8 nm in outer diameters were produced by this method. Complete characterization for natural produced nanotubes including SEM, TEM images, G bond and D bond in Raman spectroscopy, XRD patterns, DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering) and FTIR analysis were evaluated which they are most significant experiments in synthesized protein nanotubes soluble in clear water nanofluids and stabilization of transparent nanofluids was proved within more than one year after preparation. Various necessary ligand ion salts such as Mn2+, Zn2+ and Ca2+ or mixtures as bridge makers and producing biological self- assembly hollow SWPNTs were performed and we focused on new chemical technology under specific acidic hy- drolysis method not conventional enzymatic proteolysis and applying surfactants, pH reagent, Tris-HCl buffer, polar solvent which could be produced by β-sheet stacked hydrolysed protein α-lactalbumin mechanism under appropriate conditions to achieving high efficiency new protein nanotubes skeleton. They can be promising materials applied in food science, diet nutrition, nanomedicine, nano-biotechnology and surgery.

关键词： Nanobiotechnology Milk Protein Nanotubes Helical Self-Assembly Water-Based Nanofluids chemical Hydrolysis Nanomedicine

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