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SEFI 49th Annual Conference: Blended Learning in engineering education: Challenging, Enlightening - and Lasting?

作者： Campbell, A.L. Centre for Research in Engineering Education and Academic Support Programme for Engineering University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9782873520236

The social psychology theory of growth mindsets – the belief that academic ability is not fixed at birth but can be developed – explains why students may fail to do what they know they should to succeed academically. Lasting behaviour change requires a change in the beliefs that underpin the behaviour. Recent evidence suggests that developing growth mindsets in engineering students may be more successful if interventions focus on changing learning environments and not just changing students. Following this direction, the aim of this work-in-progress paper is to describe a design-based research framework to design and evaluate modifications to tasks and communication in engineering mathematics courses to support the development of growth mindsets over multiple semesters. © 2021 Proceedings - SEFI 49th Annual Conference: Blended Learning in engineering education: Challenging, Enlightening - and Lasting?. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Students

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Exploring mathematical mindset in question design: Boaler's taxonomy applied to university mathematics 9

Exploring mathematical mindset in question design: Boaler's ...

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9th research in engineering education Symposium and 32nd Australasian Association for engineering education Conference: engineering education research Capability Development, REES AAEE 2021

作者： Campbell, Anita L. Mokhithi, Mashudu Shock, Jonathan P. Centre for Research in Engineering Education Academic Support Programme for Engineering University of Cape Town South Africa Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of Cape Town South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9781713862604

CONTEXT Dropout from engineering studies at tertiary level remains a persistent global problem. The social psychology theory of mindset explains how behaviour necessary for successful engagement with challenging academic content can be derailed by beliefs about intelligence as fixed-at-birth rather than growth mindset beliefs that intelligence can always be further developed. Given the complexity of research involving humans and the early stage of mindset research in tertiary settings, it is not surprising that the results of a recent systematic literature review on growth mindset interventions in engineering education did not identify a leading intervention. However, the review suggested that growth mindset interventions should address the broader education context and not only individual students. PURPOSE OR GOAL Of all subjects, mathematics is one where fixed mindset beliefs are more frequently seen in the general population. High performing students may be at risk from the negative effects of a fixed mindset when they encounter new challenges at university. This research explores the potential of creating growth or fixed mindsets through the words used in mathematics questions. Examples from mathematics assessment tasks will be analysed to see how they align with mindset principles described in a taxonomy by Boaler (2015). APPROACH OR METHODOLOGY/METHODS A modified version of the Delphi Technique was used to reach consensus on the applicability of Boaler's taxonomy to undergraduate mathematics courses. Questions from past assessments from first-year mathematics courses were compiled, based on their potential to match the categories in Boaler's taxonomy. In six meetings over three months, all three authors discussed and classified the selected questions into the categories from Boaler's taxonomy. Where questions did not fit, modifications were brainstormed to see if modified questions could align with one or more categories from the taxonomy. ACTUAL OR ANTICIPATE

关键词： Taxonomies

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Engaging engineering Mathematics students online: Tutoring using MS Teams

Engaging Engineering Mathematics students online: Tutoring u...

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2022 IEEE IFEES World engineering education Forum - Global engineering Deans Council, WEEF-GEDC 2022

作者： Padayachee, Pragashni Campbell, Anita Fredericks, Ebrahim Academic Support Program in Engineering University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa Centre for Research in Engineering Education University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa Mathematics University of Cape Town Department of Mathematics and Applied Cape Town South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475280

Uncommon in the South African higher education landscape, online learning came to the fore during the global pandemic. We present an account of the use of Microsoft Teams for hybrid mathematics tutorials in a one-semester Vector Calculus course at a South African university in 2022. Interviews with the lecturer, analysed through a Community of Inquiry lens, showed the lecturer's perspective of the design and experience for tutors and students. Our aim is to improve the design of future hybrid tutorials to ensure engineering students' capacity in mathematics is well developed, their communication skills are improved, and that they experience working in a team. Future research will evaluate students' and tutors' accounts of their experiences. Our findings raise awareness of the possibilities and potential difficulties when using Microsoft Teams for communication, teaching and learning mathematics. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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Engaging engineering Mathematics students online: Tutoring using MS Teams

Engaging Engineering Mathematics students online: Tutoring u...

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World engineering education Forum - Global engineering Deans Council (WEEF-GEDC)

作者： Pragashni Padayachee Anita Campbell Ebrahim Fredericks Academic Support Program in Engineering University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa Academic Support Program in Engineering Centre for Research in Engineering Education University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa

ISBN: (数字)9781665475280

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475297

关键词： Visualization Pandemics Navigation Tutorials Mathematics Reflection Calculus

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Kinetics and thermodynamics of oil extraction from South African hass avocados using hexane as a solvent

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South African Journal of Chemical engineering 2021年 37卷 244-251页

作者： Mgoma, Shaun Thamsanqa Basitere, Moses Mshayisa, Vusi Vincent Bioresource Engineering Research Group (BioERG) Department of Chemical Engineering Cape Peninsula University of Technology South Africa Academic Support Programme for Engineering (ASPECT) Center for Higher Education Development University of Cape Town Rondebosch 7700 Cape Town South Africa Department of Food Science and Technology Cape Peninsula University of Technology P.O. Box 1906 Bellville 7535 South Africa

This study evaluated the yield, kinetic and thermodynamics parameters of the oil extraction process from South African Hass Avocados using Hexane as a solvent. The avocado oil was extracted through the solid-liquid process at different temperatures. The thermodynamic parameters that were evaluated and modelled in this study were studied under constant volume, pressure and temperature conditions during extraction experiments. The enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy were the parameters studied. The extraction was done at four different temperatures 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C and 70 °C. The kinetic model found that the extraction reaction was first-order reaction and the increase in temperature increased the oil yield from 169.20 g/L at 40 °C to 210.73 g/L at 70 °C after 3 h of extraction. The activation energy found was E_a = 127.30 KJ/mol, the thermodynamic parameters under the transition theory at 70 °C were ∆S^≠ = 70.06 J/mol.K, ∆H^≠ = 124.44 KJ/mol, ∆G^≠ = -23.91 KJ/mol. The standard thermodynamic parameters of the process at 70 °C were ∆H = 0.09 KJ/mol, ∆S = 70.06 J/mol.K and ∆G = -7.19 KJ/mol. These indicated that the extraction of avocado oil is an irreversible reaction and the reaction is endothermic. Furthermore, it was proven that the reaction is spontaneous. © 2021 The Authors

关键词： Avocado oil Endothermic reaction Extraction Irreversible Kinetics Reaction rate Spontaneous

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Developing growth mindsets in engineering students: Work-in-progress on a systematic literature review 47

Developing growth mindsets in engineering students: Work-in-...

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47th SEFI Annual Conference 2019 - Varietas Delectat: Complexity is the New Normality

作者： Campbell, A.L. Direito, I. Mokhithi, M. Academic Support Programme for Engineering Centre for Research in Engineering Education University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa Centre for Engineering Education University College London London United Kingdom Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9782873520182

engineering programs can be very demanding, particularly in the first years where students often encounter challenging coursework. Dropout from engineering studies has been linked to 'fixed mindset' beliefs that make students more likely to give up when facing new challenges. Extensive research evidenced that students with a 'fixed mindset' believe that intelligence is an innate and fixed trait. In contrast, students with a 'growth mindset' believe that intelligence can be improved with effort and drive, and are then less likely to disengage when confronting difficult tasks. Interventions to develop 'growth mindsets' have been successfully implemented at primary and secondary schools. However, there seems to be a paucity of interventions with university students studying engineering. In this work-in-progress paper, we will present findings from a systematic literature review of engineering, education and psychology databases to answer the question, 'What interventions to develop growth mindsets have been implemented with engineering students, and what measures have been used to assess the effectiveness of the interventions?' Preliminary findings suggest that the number of interventions aimed at strengthening growth mindsets in engineering students is still small. We present a categorization of interventions together with the measures used to assess the effectiveness of the interventions. The findings will be useful for engineering educators who want to encourage students to have the benefits associated with a growth mindset, such as greater resilience after setbacks and willingness to take on challenges and stick with them when difficulties arise, and support their academic success. © 2020 SEFI 47th Annual Conference: Varietas Delectat... Complexity is the New Normality, Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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Exploring the reuse of high-fat abattoir wastewater through sequential biological treatment in South Africa

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

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Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental engineering 2025年 11卷

作者： Gutu, Laurah Ngobeni, Philadelphia Ayinde, Wasiu B. Ikumi, David Mkilima, Timoth Basitere, Moses Water Research Group (WRG) Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Upper Campus University of Cape Town Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Department of Environmental Engineering and Management The University of Dodoma 1 Benjamin Mkapa Road Iyumbu Dodoma 41218 Tanzania Academic Support for Engineering in Cape Town (ASPECT) Centre for Higher Education Development Upper Campus University of Cape Town Rondebosch 7701 South Africa

This study investigated the performance of a multi-integrated system (MIS) combining advanced biological processes for the treatment of abattoir wastewater (AWW), with a focus on optimizing nutrient removal and mitigating the inhibitory effects of fats, oils, and greases (FOGs). AWW is characterized by high levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), ammonia, and FOGs, presenting significant environmental challenges when inadequately treated. The research evaluated the treatment efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and potential for on-site water reuse of an MIS, compared to conventional waste management options such as municipal discharge or offsite waste removal. The MIS comprised enzymatic pre-treatment to degrade FOGs, followed by anaerobic digestion (AD) for organic matter removal and methane generation, and a membrane bioreactor (MBR) integrated with activated sludge (AS) for nutrient management. The system employed the Modified Ludzack-Ettinger (MLE) process to enhance nitrogen removal. The treatment achieved removal efficiencies of 98 % for FOGs, 98 % for total suspended solids (TSS), 90 % for COD, 80–90 % for ammonia, and 73 % for E. coli. The AD system utilized a downflow expanded granular bed reactor (DEGBR), operating over 120 days with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3.6 hours and an organic loading rate (OLR) of 12.3 gCOD/L. The findings highlight the potential of the MIS for producing high-quality effluent suitable for on-site reuse while aligning with municipal discharge standards. The study underscores the environmental and economic benefits of integrated biological processes for AWW treatment, resource recovery, and sustainable water reuse, providing a pathway for reducing the environmental footprint of abattoir operations. Future research into nutrient recovery and waste management optimization could further enhance the sustainability of wastewater practices in the abattoir industry. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Abattoir waste management Biowaste recovery Circular bioeconomy Eco flush Resource recycle

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The overlapping burden of the three leading causes of disability and death in sub-Saharan African children

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Nature Communications 2022年第1期13卷 1-14页

作者： Reiner, Robert C. Welgan, Catherine A. Troeger, Christopher E. Baumann, Mathew M. Weiss, Daniel J. Deshpande, Aniruddha Blacker, Brigette F. Miller-Petrie, Molly K. Earl, Lucas Bhatt, Samir Abolhassani, Hassan Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Adekanmbi, Victor Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Aghaali, Mohammad Aji, Budi Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Saqib Alizade, Hesam Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almasi-Hashiani, Amir Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M. Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amare, Azmeraw T. Amini, Saeed Amugsi, Dickson A. Ancuceanu, Robert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Ansari, Fereshteh Anvari, Davood Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Atout, Maha Moh’d Wahbi Ausloos, Marcel Ausloos, Floriane Ayanore, Martin Amogre Aynalem, Yared Asmare Azene, Zelalem Nigussie Badawi, Alaa Baig, Atif Amin Banach, Maciej Bedi, Neeraj Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhandari, Dinesh Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bijani, Ali Birhanu, Tesega Tesega Mengistu Bitew, Zebenay Workneh Boloor, Archith Brady, Oliver J. Butt, Zahid A. Car, Josip Carvalho, Felix Casey, Daniel C. Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chu, Dinh-Toi Coelho, Camila H. Cook, Aubrey J. Damiani, Giovanni Daoud, Farah Gela, Jiregna Darega Darwish, Amira Hamed Daryani, Ahmad Das, Jai K. Davis Weaver, Nicole Deribe, Kebede Desalew, Assefa Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Dorostkar, Fariba Dubljanin, Eleonora Duko, Bereket Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura Effiong, Andem El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa El Tantawi, Maha Enany, Shymaa Fattahi, Nazir Feigin, Valery L. Fernandes, Eduarda Ferrara, Pietro Fischer, Florian Foigt, Nataliya A. Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin Foroutan, Masoud Frostad, Joseph Jon Fukumoto, Takeshi Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji Gebrekrstos, Hailemikael Gebrekidan G. K. Gebremeskel, Leake Gebreslassie, Assefa Ayalew Gething, Peter W. Gezae, Kebede Embaye Ghadiri, Keyghobad Ghashghaee, Ahmad Golechha, Mahaveer Gubar Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Public Health Debre Berhan University Debre Berhan Ethiopia Department of Clinical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Population Health Sciences King’s College London London United Kingdom Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa Department of Global Health Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Qom University of Medical Sciences Qom Iran Faculty of Medicine and Public Health Jenderal Soedirman University Purwokerto Indonesia Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research Rochester MN United States John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Clinical Epidemiology Center Department of Veterans Affairs St Louis MO United States Institute of Health Research University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Department of Information Systems College of Economics and Political Science Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran Department of Health Policy and Management Kuwait University Safat Kuwait International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding National University of Malaysia Bandar Tun Razak Malaysia Department of Epidemiology Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran Medical Research Center

Despite substantial declines since 2000, lower respiratory infections (LRIs), diarrhoeal diseases, and malaria remain among the leading causes of nonfatal and fatal disease burden for children under 5 years of age (under 5), primarily in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The spatial burden of each of these diseases has been estimated subnationally across SSA, yet no prior analyses have examined the pattern of their combined burden. Here we synthesise subnational estimates of the burden of LRIs, diarrhoea, and malaria in children under-5 from 2000 to 2017 for 43 sub-Saharan countries. Some units faced a relatively equal burden from each of the three diseases, while others had one or two dominant sources of unit-level burden, with no consistent pattern geographically across the entire subcontinent. Using a subnational counterfactual analysis, we show that nearly 300 million DALYs could have been averted since 2000 by raising all units to their national average. Our findings are directly relevant for decision-makers in determining which and targeting where the most appropriate interventions are for increasing child survival. © 2022, The Author(s).

关键词： Biogeography Epidemiology Infectious diseases Malaria

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The repertoire of mutational signatures in human cancer (vol 578, pg 94, 2020)

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NATURE 2023年第7948期614卷 E41-E41页

作者： Alexandrov, Ludmil B. Kim, Jaegil Haradhvala, Nicholas J. Huang, Mi Ni Ng, Alvin Wei Tian Wu, Yang Boot, Arnoud Covington, Kyle R. Gordenin, Dmitry A. Bergstrom, Erik N. Islam, S. M. Ashiqul Lopez-Bigas, Nuria Klimczak, Leszek J. McPherson, John R. Morganella, Sandro Sabarinathan, Radhakrishnan Wheeler, David A. Mustonen, Ville Getz, Gad Rozen, Steven G. Stratton, Michael R. Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department of Bioengineering Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego CA USA Wellcome Sanger Institute Wellcome Genome Campus Hinxton UK Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center San Diego CA USA University of California San Diego San Diego CA USA Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Center for Cancer Research Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Department of Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Yokohama Japan Computational Biology Program Ontario Institute for Cancer Research Toronto ON Canada Programme in Cancer & Stem Cell Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore Centre for Computational Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Centre for Computational Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine National Heart Centre Singapore Singapore Singapore Cancer Science Institute of Singapore National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Singapore Singapore Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome Division of Medical Science National Cancer Centre Singapore Singapore Singapore Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore Human Genome Sequencing Center Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory National Ins

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Discovery of Limb Brightening in the Parsec-scale Jet of NGC 315 through Global Very Long Baseline Interferometry Observations and Its Implications for Jet Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Park, Jongho Zhao, Guang-Yao Nakamura, Masanori Mizuno, Yosuke Pu, Hung-Yi Asada, Keiichi Takahashi, Kazuya Toma, Kenji Kino, Motoki Cho, Ilje Hada, Kazuhiro Edwards, Phil G. Ro, Hyunwook Kam, Minchul Yi, Kunwoo Lee, Yunjeong Koyama, Shoko Byun, Do-Young Phillips, Chris Reynolds, Cormac Hodgson, Jeffrey A. Lee, Sang-Sung School of Space Research Kyung Hee University 1732 Deogyeong-daero Giheung-gu Gyeonggi-do Yongin-si17104 Korea Republic of Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 BonnD-53121 Germany Department of General Science and Education National Institute of Technology Hachinohe College Hachinohe City Japan Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica P.O. Box 23-141 Taipei10617 Taiwan Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University 520 Shengrong Road Shanghai201210 China School of Physics & Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai200240 China Department of Physics National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Section 4 Tingzhou Road Taipei116 Taiwan Centre of Astronomy and Gravitation National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Section 4 Tingzhou Road Taipei116 Taiwan Research Center for the Early Universe Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences Tohoku University Sendai980-8578 Japan Astronomical Institute Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Sendai980-8578 Japan Kogakuin University of Technology & Engineering Academic Support Center Hachioji 2665-1 Nakano-machi Tokyo192-0015 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Osawa 2-21-1 Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute Daedeok-daero 776 Yuseong-gu Daejeon34055 Korea Republic of Yonsei University Department of Astronomy Seoul Korea Republic of Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n GranadaE-18008 Spain Graduate School of Science Nagoya City University Yamanohata 1 Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku Aichi Nagoya467-8501 Japan Mizusawa VLBI Observatory National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-12 Hoshigaoka-cho Mizusawa Iwate Oshu023-0861 Japan Australia Telescope National Facility CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science P.O. Box 76 EppingNSW1710 Australia Departme

We report the first observation of the nearby giant radio galaxy NGC 315 using a global VLBI array consisting of 22 radio antennas located across five continents, including high-sensitivity stations, at 22 GHz. Utilizing the extensive (u, v)-coverage provided by the array, coupled with the application of a recently developed super-resolution imaging technique based on the regularized maximum likelihood method, we were able to transversely resolve the NGC 315 jet at parsec scales for the first time. Previously known for its central ridge-brightened morphology at similar scales in former VLBI studies, the jet now clearly exhibits a limb-brightened structure. This finding suggests an inherent limb-brightening that was not observable before due to limited angular resolution. Considering that the jet is viewed at an angle of ∼ 50◦, the observed limb-brightening is challenging to reconcile with the magnetohydrodynamic models and simulations, which predict that the Doppler-boosted jet edges should dominate over the non-boosted central layer. The conventional jet model that proposes a fast spine and a slow sheath with uniform transverse emissivity may pertain to our observations. However, in this model, the relativistic spine would need to travel at speeds of Γ 6.0 − 12.9 along the de-projected jet distance of (2.3-10.8)×103 gravitational radii from the black hole. We propose an alternative scenario that suggests higher emissivity at the jet boundary layer, resulting from more efficient particle acceleration or mass loading onto the jet edges, and consider prospects for future observations with even higher angular resolution. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Active Galactic Nuclei

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