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Generative adversarial networks for detecting contamination events in water distribution systems using multi-parameter,multi-site water quality monitoring

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 39-52页

作者： Zilin Li Haixing Liu Chi Zhang Guangtao Fu School of Hydraulic Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalianLiaoning116024China Centre for Water Systems University of ExeterExeterEX44QFUK

Contamination events in water distribution networks(WDNs)can have a huge impact on water supply and public health;increasingly,online water quality sensors are deployed for real-time detection of contamination *** learning has been used to integrate multivariate time series water quality data at multiple stations for contamination detection;however,accurate extraction of spatial features in water quality signals remains *** study proposed a contamination detection method based on generative adversarial networks(GANs).The GAN model was constructed to simultaneously consider the spatial correlation between sensor locations and temporal information of water quality *** model consists of two networksda generator and a discriminatordthe outputs of which are used to measure the degree of abnormality of water quality data at each time step,referred to as the anomaly *** sequential analysis is used to update the likelihood of event occurrence based on the anomaly *** are then generated from the fusion of single-site and multi-site *** proposed method was tested on a WDN for various contamination events with different *** showed high detection performance by the proposed GAN method compared with the minimum volume ellipsoid benchmark method for various contamination ***,the GAN method achieved high accuracy for various contamination events with different amplitudes and numbers of anomalous water quality parameters,and water quality data from different sensor stations,highlighting its robustness and potential for practical application to real-time contamination events.

关键词： Contamination detection Generative adversarial network Multi-site time series data Water distribution system Water quality

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The potential of virtual reality meetings in international research projects for greenhouse gas emission mitigation

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Technological Sustainability 2025年第1期4卷 98-113页

作者： van Thienen, Peter Tsiami, Lydia Torello, Mollie Savić, Dragan KWR Water Research Institute Nieuwegein Netherlands Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece Centre for Water Systems University of Exeter Exeter United Kingdom

Purpose: European Union (EU) research projects generally involve international teams based in different countries. This means that researchers need to travel internationally to participate for in-person meetings, which are crucial for facilitating collaboration among research teams and provide a platform for teams to share their progress. Unfortunately, much of the international traveling in EU projects is done by air and therefore it has a significant carbon footprint. One potential solution that has gained attention in recent years is virtual reality (VR) and the metaverse. The aim of this work is to investigate to what degree VR meetings provide a viable alternative to physical meetings in the context of EU research projects and can thus contribute to climate change mitigation. Design/methodology/approach: A three-stepped approach was chosen. First, the requirements for VR meetings were determined by collecting all relevant aspects of physical meetings through a questionnaire. Second, a set of VR meeting experiments were designed and executed. Third, carbon footprints for both physical traveling and VR meetings (lifecycle) were calculated. Findings: We conclude that VR can be a powerful tool which can supplement international projects and mitigate carbon emissions associated with traveling for in-person meetings by an estimated 7–19 times. Originality/value: This paper explores the suitability of the current generation of VR technology and quantitatively evaluates its effectiveness for greenhouse gas emissions mitigation in the context of a European research project. © 2024, Peter van Thienen, Lydia Tsiami, Mollie Torello and Dragan Savić.

关键词： Carbon emission mitigation International research projects Metaverse Virtual meetings Virtual reality (VR)

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Artificial intelligence is transforming the research paradigm of environmental science and engineering

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第3期19卷 1-3页

作者： Xu Wang Guangtao Fu Nan-Qi Ren State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhenShenzhen518055China Centre for Water Systems College of EngineeringMathematics and Physical SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEX44QFUnited Kingdom

Artificial intelligence(AI),particularly through its datacrunching powerhouse,machine learning(ML),is revolutionizing the way we approach high-throughput data to obtain underlying mechanisms,characterizing,forecasting,and making evidencebased decisions in many fundamental science ***,a pressing question has emerged in the scientific community in recent years:How can we effectively interpret AI algorithms and gauge their contributions to fundamental research?

关键词： has gauge forecasting

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Towards a simulation-based understanding of smart remanufacturing operations: a comparative analysis

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Journal of Remanufacturing 2024年第1期14卷 45-68页

作者： Okorie, Okechukwu Charnley, Fiona Ehiagwina, Augustine Tiwari, Divya Salonitis, Konstantinos Exeter Centre for Circular Economy Exeter Business School Streatham Court University of Exeter Rennes Drive Exeter EX4 4PU United Kingdom Liverpool Logistics Offshore and Marine Institute Liverpool John Moores University Brownlow Hill Liverpool L3 5UG United Kingdom Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering The University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom Sustainable Manufacturing Systems Centre School of Aerospace Transport and Manufacturing Cranfield University Bedford MK43 0AL United Kingdom

While the majority of literature on remanufacturing operations examines an end-of-life (EOL) strategy which is both manual and mechanised, authors generally agree that digitalisation of remanufacturing is expected to increase in the next decade. Subsequently, a new research area described as digitally-enabled remanufacturing, remanufacturing 4.0 or smart remanufacturing is emerging. This is an automated, data-driven system of remanufacturing by means of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) paradigms. Insights into smart remanufacturing can be provided through simulation modelling of the remanufacturing process. While the use of simulation modelling in order to predict responses and behaviour is prevalent in remanufacturing, the use of these tools in smart remanufacturing is still limited in literature. The goal of this research is to present, as a first of its kind, a comparative understanding of simulation modelling in remanufacturing in order to suggest the ideal modelling tool for smart remanufacturing. The proposed comparison includes system dynamics, discrete event simulation and agent based modelling techniques. We apply these modelling techniques on a smart remanufacturing space of a sensor-enabled product and use assumptions derived from industry experts. We then proceed to model the remanufacturing operation from sorting and inspection of cores to final inspection of the remanufactured product. Through our analysis of the assumptions utilised and simulation modelling results we conclude that, while individual modelling techniques present important strategic and operational insights, their individual use may not be sufficient to offer comprehensive knowledge to remanufacturers due to the challenge of data complexity that smart remanufacturing offers. © 2020, The Author(s).

关键词： Agent-based simulation Discrete event simulation Simulation modelling Smart remanufacturing System dynamics

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Connections Between Integral Quadratic Constraints and Dissipativity

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic control 2024年第8期69卷 5672-5677页

作者： Khong, Sei Zhen Lanzon, Alexander National Sun Yat-sen University Department of Electrical Engineering Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan University of Manchester Control Systems Centre Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering School of Engineering ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom

We show that a recent dissipativity approach to feedback stability analysis of potentially open-loop unstable systems, which encompasses the classical soft integral quadratic constraint (IQC) theorem, may be recovered by hard IQC theory. The latter is known to be subsumable by the more general soft IQC theory endowed with homotopies that are continuous in the gap topology. In addition, we demonstrate how the aforementioned classical soft IQC theorem, initially introduced for the analysis of a feedback interconnection of a nonlinear component and a linear system, may be recast to analyze the stability of a feedback interconnection of two nonlinear systems. This generates a frequency-dependent (Q(ω), S(ω), R(ω))-dissipativity result. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Stability criteria

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Optimal Cooperative Secondary control for Islanded DC Microgrids via a Fully Actuated Approach

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第2期11卷 405-417页

作者： Yi Yu Guo-Ping Liu Yi Huang Peng Shi IEEE Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Control Theory and Intelligent Systems Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering the University of AdelaideSA 5005Australia Research and Innovation Centre Obuda University1034 BudapestHungary

DC-DC converter-based multi-bus DC microgrids(MGs) in series have received much attention, where the conflict between voltage recovery and current balancing has been a hot topic. The lack of models that accurately portray the electrical characteristics of actual MGs while is controller design-friendly has kept the issue active. To this end, this paper establishes a large-signal model containing the comprehensive dynamical behavior of the DC MGs based on the theory of high-order fully actuated systems, and proposes distributed optimal control based on this. The proposed secondary control method can achieve the two goals of voltage recovery and current sharing for multi-bus DC MGs. Additionally, the simple structure of the proposed approach is similar to one based on droop control, which allows this control technique to be easily implemented in a variety of modern microgrids with different configurations. In contrast to existing studies, the process of controller design in this paper is closely tied to the actual dynamics of the MGs. It is a prominent feature that enables engineers to customize the performance metrics of the system. In addition, the analysis of the stability of the closed-loop DC microgrid system, as well as the optimality and consensus of current sharing are given. Finally, a scaled-down solar and battery-based microgrid prototype with maximum power point tracking controller is developed in the laboratory to experimentally test the efficacy of the proposed control method.

关键词： DC microgrids distributed control high-order fully actuated system approach linear quadratic regulator microgrid modeling secondary control

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Adaptation pathways for intermittent water supply systems under limited resources

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Water Supply 2025年第5期25卷 900-919页

作者： Ayyash, Faten Javadi, Akbar A. Farmani, Raziyeh Centre for Water Systems Department of Engineering University of Exeter ExeterEX1 4QF United Kingdom

Water scarcity and power outages are critical challenges causing intermittency in water supply systems. This is further exacerbated by climate change and uncertain future conditions. This study develops a methodology for implementing adaptation pathways under uncertainty to enhance the performance, equity, and resilience of intermittent water supply (IWS) systems. The methodology, applied to the benchmark D_Town benchmark network, focuses on three-time horizons: short-term actions optimize network operations to improve equity and supply hours;medium-term actions involve sectorizing the network and enhancing tank capacities;and long-term actions include rehabilitating pump capacities and exploring alternative water and power resources. Using an evolutionary multiobjective optimization method (non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm, NSGA-II) based on minimizing operational costs, maximizing equity, and extending supply hours, the results demonstrate that the interventions implemented in each period significantly improved network performance and resilience to water scarcity and power outage conditions. The study recommends adopting adaptive planning in IWS management, focusing on immediate actions to address current challenges while maintaining flexibility for future decisions. By integrating adaptation pathways with multiobjective optimization, this research provides a robust framework for addressing uncertainty and supporting sustainable and equitable water supply for IWS systems under power outages and water scarcity conditions. © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Digital Twins for Wastewater Treatment:A Technical Review

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engineering 2024年第5期36卷 21-35页

作者： Ai-Jie Wang Hewen Li Zhejun He Yu Tao Hongcheng Wang Min Yang Dragan Savic Glen TDaigger Nanqi Ren School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14850USA BIOMATH Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical ModellingGhent UniversityGhent 9000Belgium KWR Water Research Institute Nieuwegein 3430 BBNetherlands Centre for Water Systems University of ExeterExeter EX44QFUK Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

The digital twins concept enhances modeling and simulation through the integration of real-time data and *** review elucidates the foundational elements of digital twins,covering their concept,entities,domains,and key *** specifically,we investigate the transformative potential of digital twins for the wastewater treatment engineering *** discussion highlights the application of digital twins to wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)and sewage networks,hardware(i.e.,facilities and pipes,sensors for water quality and activated sludge,hydrodynamics,and power consumption),and software(i.e.,knowledge-based and data-driven models,mechanistic models,hybrid twins,control methods,and the Internet of Things).Furthermore,two cases are provided,followed by an assessment of current challenges in and perspectives on the application of digital twins in *** review serves as an essential primer for wastewater engineers navigating the digital paradigm shift.

关键词： Digital twins Urban water systems Wastewater treatment

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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF AGENT-BASED MODELING FRAMEWORKS FOR SIGNAL PROPAGATION IN COMPLEX NETWORKS: NETLOGO AND PYTHON MESA

UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical Engineering an...

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical engineering and Computer Science 2024年第2期86卷 27-40页

作者： Berceanu, Cristian Patrascu, Monica Complex Systems Laboratory Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University Politehnica of Bucharest Romania Centre for Elderly and Nursing Home Medicine Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care University of Bergen Norway Neuro-SysMed Center Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care University of Bergen Norway

Signal propagation is a prevalent research topic for an abound-ing number of complex network applications. The nonlinear characteristics of complex networks determined by complex interactions and topology re-quire suitable agent-based modeling and simulation frameworks. This paper presents a comparison of two such frameworks in terms of usability and performance for studying signal propagation in complex networks. Our findings are based on two use cases that we implemented in both frameworks. © 2024, Politechnica university of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Complex networks

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Propulsion-only control for High-Altitude Long-Endurance Aircraft Using Sliding Mode

Propulsion-only Control for High-Altitude Long-Endurance Air...

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International Workshop on Variable Structure systems, VSS

作者： Seno Sahisnu Rawikara Halim Alwi Christopher Edwards Department of Engineering Control Systems Research Group University of Exeter UK

ISBN: (数字)9798350353686

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353693

This paper explores the feasibility of using a propulsion-only control scheme for a high-altitude long-endurance UAV. This approach enables aircraft to operate even in the face of total control surface failures. A sliding mode scheme is used for the control law due to its invariance to matched uncertainty, and the reduced control authority is accommodated via a model-reference method. Similar performance compared to the fault-free case has been achieved in terms of following altitude and heading commands, in a numerical simulation using a 6-DOF nonlinear model.

关键词： Variable structure systems Uncertainty Tracking Atmospheric modeling Autonomous aerial vehicles Numerical simulation Numerical models Aircraft Sliding mode control Aerospace control

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