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Research Square 2021年

作者： Gim, Jiseok Koch, Alden Otter, Laura M. Savitzky, Benjamin H. Erland, Sveinung Estroff, Lara A. Jacob, Dorrit E. Hovden, Robert Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States Research School of Earth Sciences Australian National University CanberraACT2600 Australia National Center for Electron Microscopy Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA United States Department of Maritime Studies Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Haugesund Norway Department of Materials Science & Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States

A pearl’s distinguished beauty and toughness is attributable to the periodic stacking of aragonite tablets known as nacre. Nacre is a naturally occurring mesocrystal that remarkably arises in the absence of translational symmetry. Gleaning the inspiring biomineral design of a pearl requires quantifying its structural coherence and understanding the stochastic processes that govern formation. By characterizing the entire structure of pearls (~3 mm) in cross-section at high resolution, we show nacre is a medium-range mesocrystal formed through nanoparticle assembly processes. Self-correcting growth mechanisms actively remedy disorder and topological defects of the tablets and act as a countervailing force to paracrystallinity (i.e. long-range disorder). Nacre has a correlation length of roughly 16 tablets (~5.5 µm) despite persistent fluctuations and topological defects. For longer distances (> 25 tablets, ~8.5 µm), the frequency spectrum of nacre tablets follows f −1.5 behavior suggesting growth is coupled to external stochastic processes—a universality found across disparate natural phenomena which now includes pearls. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Random processes

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Approaching highly stable optoelectronic device operation at elevated temperature by locking backbone torsion of conjugated polymers

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Matter 2025年

作者： Zhiqiang Cao Zhaofan Li Angela Awada Sara A. Tolba Madison Mooney Yangyang Wang Yu-Cheng Chiu Simon Rondeau-Gagné Wenjie Xia Xiaodan Gu School of Polymer Science and Engineering Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices The University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg MS 39406 USA Department of Aerospace Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Windsor Windsor Ontario N9B3P4 Canada Materials and Nanotechnology Program North Dakota State University Fargo ND 58102 USA Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei City 10607 Taiwan

The ability of organic electronics to maintain stability at elevated temperatures is crucial for the longevity of optoelectronic devices. However, achieving stable optoelectronic properties for conjugated polymers remains fundamentally challenging. Here, we identify backbone twisting motion as the primary reason for the unstable optoelectronic properties of donor-acceptor (D-A) conjugated polymers, using diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based polymers as a model system. The backbone thiophene-ring twist transition is responsible for shifts in the band gap and alterations in charge transport properties. The twisting motion of the thiophene induces localization of the intrachain electrons, resulting in reduced charge carrier mobility and a significant blue shift in optical absorption. Additionally, we demonstrated that intramolecular hydrogen bonding interaction within DPP polymers can suppress undesired backbone twisting at elevated temperatures, thereby ensuring a more stable optoelectronic property. Our work offers fundamental insights into the decline in device stability at elevated temperatures and a strategy to enhance device stability.

关键词： conjugated polymers chain dynamics charge transport optoelectronic property device stability MAP 3: Understanding

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Microfluidic nanodevices for drug sensing and screening applications

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Biosensors and Bioelectronics 2023年 219卷 114783页

作者： Pal, Arnab Kaswan, Kuldeep Barman, Snigdha Roy Lin, Yu-Zih Chung, Jun-Hsuan Sharma, Manish Kumar Liu, Kuei-Lin Chen, Bo-Huan Wu, Chih-Cheng Lee, Sangmin Choi, Dongwhi Lin, Zong-Hong Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan International Intercollegiate PhD Program National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Power Mechanical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center Taoyuan333 Taiwan Center of Quality Management National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch Hsinchu30059 Taiwan College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei10051 Taiwan Institute of Cellular and System Medicine National Health Research Institute Zhunan 35053 Taiwan School of Mechanical Engineering Chung-Ang University Seoul06974 Korea Republic of Kyung Hee University Gyeonggi 17104 Korea Republic of

The outbreak of pandemics (e.g., severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 in 2019), influenza A viruses (H1N1 in 2009), etc.), and worldwide spike in the aging population have created unprecedented urgency for developing new drugs to improve disease treatment. As a result, extensive efforts have been made to design novel techniques for efficient drug monitoring and screening, which form the backbone of drug development. Compared to traditional techniques, microfluidics-based platforms have emerged as promising alternatives for high-throughput drug screening due to their inherent miniaturization characteristics, low sample consumption, integration, and compatibility with diverse analytical strategies. Moreover, the microfluidic-based models utilizing human cells to produce in-vitro biomimetics of the human body pave new ways to predict more accurate drug effects in humans. This review provides a comprehensive summary of different microfluidics-based drug sensing and screening strategies and briefly discusses their advantages. Most importantly, an in-depth outlook of the commonly used detection techniques integrated with microfluidic chips for highly sensitive drug screening is provided. Then, the influence of critical parameters such as sensing materials and microfluidic platform geometries on screening performance is summarized. This review also outlines the recent applications of microfluidic approaches for screening therapeutic and illicit drugs. Moreover, the current challenges and the future perspective of this research field is elaborately highlighted, which we believe will contribute immensely towards significant achievements in all aspects of drug development. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Microfluidics

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Discontinuous metric programming in liquid crystalline elastomers

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Hebner, Tayler S. Bowman, Riley G.A. Duffy, Daniel Mostajeran, Cyrus Griniasty, Itay Cohen, Itai Warner, Mark Bowman, Christopher N. White, Timothy J. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder 596 UCB BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Engineering University of Cambridge CambridgeCB2 1PZ United Kingdom School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore637371 Singapore Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853-2501 United States Cavendish Laboratory University of Cambridge CambridgeCB3 0HE United Kingdom Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder 596 UCB BoulderCO80309 United States

Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) are shape-changing materials that exhibit large deformations in response to applied stimuli. Local control of the orientation of LCEs spatially directs the deformation of these materials to realize spontaneous shape change in response to stimuli. Prior approaches to shape programming in LCEs utilize patterning techniques that involve the detailed inscription of spatially varying nematic fields to produce sheets. These patterned sheets deform into elaborate geometries with complex Gaussian curvatures. Here, we present an alternative approach to realize shape-morphing in LCEs where spatial patterning of the crosslink density locally regulates the material deformation magnitude on either side of a prescribed interface curve. We also present a simple mathematical model describing the behavior of these materials. Further experiments coupled with the mathematical model demonstrate the control of the sign of Gaussian curvature, which is used in combination with heat transfer effects to design LCEs that self-clean as a result of temperature-dependent actuation properties. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gaussian distribution

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Localized growth drives spongy mesophyll morphogenesis

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Treado, John D. Roddy, Adam B. Théroux-Rancourt, Guillaume Zhang, Liyong Ambrose, Chris Brodersen, Craig Shattuck, Mark D. O’Hern, Corey S. Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Institute of Environment Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University MiamiFL33199 United States University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research Institute of Botany Vienna1180 Austria Department of Biology College of Arts and Science University of Saskatchewan SaskatoonS7N 5E2 Canada School of the Environment Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Physics Benjamin Levich Institute City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Physics Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

The spongy mesophyll is a complex, porous tissue found in plant leaves that enables carbon capture and provides mechanical stability. Unlike many other biological tissues, which remain confluent throughout development, the spongy mesophyll must develop from an initially confluent tissue into a tortuous network of cells with a large proportion of intercellular airspace. How the airspace in the spongy mesophyll develops while the cells remain mechanically stable remains unknown. Here, we used computer simulations of deformable particles to develop a purely mechanical model for the development of the spongy mesophyll tissue. By stipulating that (1) cell perimeter grows only near voids, (2) cells both form and break adhesive bonds, and (3) the tissue pressure remains constant, the computational model was able to recapitulate the developmental trajectory of the microstructure of the spongy mesophyll observed in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. Robust generation of pore space in the spongy mesophyll requires a balance of cell growth, adhesion, stiffness and tissue pressure to ensure cell networks remain both porous yet mechanically robust. The success of this mechanical model of tissue growth and porosity evolution suggests that simple physical principles can coordinate and drive the development of complex plant tissues like the spongy mesophyll. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Tissue

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Overcoming the surface paradox: Buried perovskite quantum dots in wide-bandgap perovskite thin films

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Hao Pasha, Altaf Metcalf, Isaac Zhou, Jianlin Staunstrup, Mathias Zhu, Yunxuan Liao, Shusen Ssennyimba, Ken Chen, Jia-Shiang Reddy, Surya Prakash Thébaud, Simon Hou, Jin Shuai, Xinting Mandani, Faiz Sidhik, Siraj Jones, Matthew R. Ma, Xuedan Balakrishna, R. Geetha Susarla, Sandhya Ginger, David S. Katan, Claudine Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. Bawendi, Moungi G. Natelson, Douglas Tamarat, Philippe Lounis, Brahim Even, Jacky Mohite, Aditya D. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Program Smalley‐Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Centre for Nano and Material Sciences Jain University Jain Global Campus Kanakapura Karnataka Bangalore562112 India Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Université de Bordeaux LP2N Talence France Institut d’Optique CNRS LP2N Talence France Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL60439 United States School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University TempeAZ85281 United States UMR 6082 CNRS INSA de Rennes Rennes35708 France Department of Chemistry Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Chemistry University of Washington Box 351700 SeattleWA98195-1700 United States UMR 6226 Rennes35000 France Department of Chemistry Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Colloidal perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) are an exciting platform for on-demand quantum, and classical optoelectronic and photonic devices. However, their potential success is limited by the extreme sensitivity and low stability arising from their weak intrinsic lattice bond energy and complex surface chemistry. Here we report a novel platform of buried perovskite quantum dots (b-PQDs) in a three-dimensional perovskite thin-film, fabricated using one-step, flash annealing, which overcomes surface related instabilities in colloidal perovskite dots. The b-PQDs demonstrate ultrabright and stable single-dot emission, with resolution-limited linewidths below 130 μeV, photon-antibunching (g2(0)=0.1), no blinking, suppressed spectral diffusion, and high photon count rates of 104/s, consistent with unity quantum yield. The ultrasharp linewidth resolves exciton fine-structures (dark and triplet excitons) and their dynamics under a magnetic field. Additionally, b-PQDs can be electrically driven to emit single photons with 1 meV linewidth and photon-antibunching (g2(0)=0.4). These results pave the way for on-chip, low-cost single-photon sources for next generation quantum optical communication and sensing. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Photons

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Correction: Fabrication and Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes-Based Pressure Nanosensors: A Study on Piezoresistive Behavior

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Transactions on Electrical and Electronic materials 2023年第1期25卷 120-120页

作者： Khan, Faiza Mubashir, Talha Ahmed, Kainat Mateen, Abdul Lee, Soonil Ahmed, Tauseef Department of Nanoscience and Technology Preston Institute of Nanoscience and Technology PINSAT Islamabad Pakistan Department of Applied Ecology and Biotechnology Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences Hamar Norway Interdisciplinary Program in Senior Human Ecology Changwon National University Gyeongnam Republic of Korea Department of Mineral Processing Engineering Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences & Technology Haripur Pakistan School of Materials Science and Engineering Changwon National University Gyeongnam Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science & Engineering Institute of Space Technology Islamabad Pakistan

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In-situ observation of hydrogen nanobubbles formation on graphene surface by AFM-SECM

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Electrochimica Acta 2024年 493卷

作者： Kholimatussadiah, Septia Hsu, Chia-Ling Ke, Shang-Wei Chou, Tsu-Chin Wu, Yung-Fu Yakimova, Rositsa Kumatani, Akichika Chen, Kuei-Hsien Chen, Li-Chyong Du, He-Yun Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Nano Science and Technology Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan Center for Condensed Matter Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City24301 Taiwan Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan Department of Physics Chemistry and Biology Linköping University SE-581 83 Linköping Sweden Institute of Engineering Innovation School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Saitama 332-0012 Japan Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan Battery Research Center of Green Energy Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City24301 Taiwan Biochemical Technology R&D Center Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City24301 Taiwan Center for Sustainability and Energy Technologies Chang Gung University Taoyuan City33302 Taiwan

Gas bubble evolution is an important phenomenon in many electrochemical processes and it is highly sensitive to the surface properties. Here we visualize the gas bubble dynamics on the surface of different graphene substrates during hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) using atomic force microscopy combined with scanning electrochemical microscopy. The low overpotential and low surface hydrophobicity of few-layer graphene formed on C-phase SiC causes the uniform distribution of hydrogen nanobubbles, which easily depart from the surface during the reaction. Conversely, the high overpotential and more hydrophobic surface of HOPG induces hydrogen bubbles to linger on the surface for an extended duration, leading to its accumulation and the subsequent formation of microbubbles. This in-situ nanoscale electrochemical mapping of hydrogen bubble dynamics provides new insight into electrocatalytic HER that occurs on non-metal electrodes. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Graphene

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Dynamic Covalent Bonds Enabled Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers Recyclability and Material Circularity

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第40期136卷

作者： Xiaotong Fan Jie Zheng Jayven Chee Chuan Yeo Sheng Wang Ke Li Joseph Kinyanjui Muiruri Nikos Hadjichristidis Zibiao Li Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment (ISCE2) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) 1 Pesek Road Jurong Island Singapore 627833 Republic of Singapore Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis #08-03 Singapore 138634 Republic of Singapore Polymer Synthesis Laboratory Chemistry Program KAUST Catalysis Center Physical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955 Saudi Arabia Department of Materials Science & Engineering National University of Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 Singapore 117575 Republic of Singapore

Due to their remarkable features of lightweight, high strength, stiffness, high-temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance, carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are extensively used in sports equipment, vehicles, aircraft, windmill blades, and other sectors. The urging need to develop a resource-saving and environmentally responsible society requires the recycling of CFRPs. Traditional CFRPs, on the other hand, are difficult to recycle due to the permanent covalent crosslinking of polymer matrices. The combination of covalent adaptable networks (CANs) with carbon fibers (CFs) marks a new development path for closed-loop recyclable CFRPs and polymer resins. In this review, we summarize the most recent developments of closed-loop recyclable CFRPs from the unique paradigm of dynamic crosslinking polymers, CANs. These sophisticated materials with diverse functions, oriented towards CFs recycling and resin sustainability, are further categorized into several active domains of dynamic covalent bonds, including ester bonds, imine bonds, disulfide bonds, boronic ester bonds, and acetal linkages, etc. Finally, the possible strategies for the future design of recyclable CFPRs by combining dynamic covalent chemistry innovation with materials interface science are proposed.

关键词： dynamic covalent bonds carbon fiber reinforced polymers recyclability materials circularity

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Gmr Biosensing with Magnetic Nanowires as Labels for the Detection of Osteosarcoma Cells

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Su, Diqing Um, Joseph Moreno, Julian Nemati, Zohreh Srinivasan, Karthik Chen, Junyang Kouhpanji, M. Reza Zamani Shore, Daniel Wu, Kai Kosel, Jürgen Modiano, Jaime F. Franklin, Rhonda Wang, Jian-Ping Stadler, Bethanie Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States Electrical Engineering Department King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955 Saudi Arabia Animal Cancer Care and Research Program University of Minnesota St. PaulMN55108 United States Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine University of Minnesota St. PaulMN55108 United States Masonic Cancer Center University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States Center for Immunology University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States Stem Cell Institute University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States Institute for Engineering in Medicine University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States

Magnetic nanowires (MNWs) were explored as potential magnetic tags for cell detection with giant magnetoresistance (GMR) biosensors based on a handheld system. Due to size, shape anisotropy and higher moment materials, the signal detected from a single MNW was 2500 times larger than that from a single magnetic iron oxide nanobead, which is important for ultra-low concentration cell detection. A model was used to determine how the MNW orientation with respect to the GMR sensor impacts detection performance, and the results aligned well with the experimental results. As a proof of concept OSCA-8 cells tagged with Ni MNWs were also detected using the same handheld system. The limit of detection (LOD) in aqueous solution appeared to be 133 cells, and single-cell detection can be realized if the cell is in direct contact with the sensor surface. Since MNWs are already employed in magnetic separation of cells, directly using MNWs as tags in cell detection eliminates the need of additional functionalization with other labels. This largely simplifies the detection process and reduces the risk of contamination during sample preparation. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biosensors

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