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A Charge-Switchable Zwitterionic Peptide for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease

Angewandte Chemie 2021年第9期134卷

作者： Dr. Zhicheng Jin Yash Mantri Dr. Maurice Retout Dr. Yong Cheng Dr. Jiajing Zhou Alec Jorns Dr. Pavla Fajtova Wonjun Yim Colman Moore Dr. Ming Xu Matthew N. Creyer Raina M. Borum Dr. Jingcheng Zhou Zhuohong Wu Tengyu He Prof. William F. Penny Prof. Anthony J. O'Donoghue Prof. Jesse V. Jokerst Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093 USA Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 USA Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 USA Department of Medicine University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 USA Department of Radiology University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 USA

The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has led to the COVID-19 pandemic. Nucleic acid testing while specific has limitations for mass surveillance. One alternative is the main protease (M pro ) due to its functional importance in mediating the viral life cycle. Here, we describe a combination of modular substrate and gold colloids to detect M pro via visual readout. The strategy involves zwitterionic peptide that carries opposite charges at the C-/N-terminus to exploit the specific recognition by M pro . Autolytic cleavage releases a positively charged moiety that assembles the nanoparticles with rapid color changes ( t <10 min). We determine a limit of detection for M pro in breath condensate matrices <10 nM. We further assayed ten COVID-negative subjects and found no false-positive result. In the light of simplicity, our test for viral protease is not limited to an equipped laboratory, but also is amenable to integrating as portable point-of-care devices including those on face-coverings.

关键词： Colorimetric analysis Covid-19 mpro/3clpro/nsp5 Smart mask Zwitterionic peptide

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Molecular landscape of sex- and modality-specific exercise adaptation in human skeletal muscle through large-scale multi-omics integration

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Cell reports 2025年第6期44卷 115750页

作者： Macsue Jacques Shanie Landen Adam P Sharples Andrew Garnham Ralf Schittenhelm Joel Steele Aino Heikkinen Elina Sillanpää Miina Ollikainen James Broatch Navabeh Zarekookandeh Ola Hanson Ola Ekström Olof Asplund Séverine Lamon Sarah E Alexander Cassandra Smith Carlie Bauer Mary N Woessner Itamar Levinger Andrew E Teschendorff Linn Gillberg Ida Blom Jørn Wulff Helge Nicholas R Harvey Larisa M Haupt Lyn R Griffiths Atul S Deshmukh Kirsi H Pietiläinen Päivi Piirilä Robert A E Seaborne Marie Klevjer Anja Bye Ulrik Wisløff Bernadette Jones-Freeman Nir Eynon Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute Monash University Clayton VIC Australia Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS) Victoria University Footscray VIC Australia. Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism Hudson Institute of Medical Research Melbourne VIC Australia. Institute of Physical Performance Norwegian School of Sport Sciences Oslo Norway. Monash Proteomics & Metabolomics Platform Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia. Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) Helsinki University Helsinki Finland. Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland Wellbeing Services County of Central Finland Jyväskylä Finland. Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) Helsinki University Helsinki Finland Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research Helsinki Finland. Department of Clinical Sciences Translational Muscle Research Unit Lund University Diabetes Center Lund University Lund Sweden. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN) School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Deakin University 221 Burwood Highway Burwood VIC 3125 Australia. Cardiometabolic Health and Exercise Physiology Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute 75 Commercial Road Melbourne VIC 3004 Australia. Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute Edith Cowan University Joondalup WA Australia Medical School The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia. Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS) Victoria University Footscray VIC Australia Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS) Victoria University Melbourne VIC Australia. CAS Key Lab of Computational Biology Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Shanghai China. Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark. Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond University Gold Coast QLD Australia Genomics Research Centre Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health School of

We investigated the molecular mechanisms of exercise adaptations in human muscle by integrating genome, methylome, transcriptome, and proteome data from over 1,000 participants (2,340 muscle samples). We identified distinctive signatures associated with maximal oxygen consumption (VO), and multi-omics integration uncovered five key genes as robust exercise markers across layers, with transcription factors functioning as activators, synergizing with DNA methylation to regulate gene expression. Minimal sex differences were observed, while modality-specific analysis highlighted distinct pathways for aerobic and resistance exercise, contrasting with muscle disuse patterns. Finally, we created a webtool, OMAx, featuring our individual omics and integration analysis. These findings provide a comprehensive multi-omics framework for understanding exercise-induced molecular adaptations, offering insights into muscle health, cardiorespiratory fitness, and their roles in aging and disease prevention.

关键词： CP: Metabolism DNA methylation Multi Omics VO(2 max) epigenetics exercise gene expression proteomic skeletal muscle transcriptomic

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The ELIMÄKI Locus is Required for Vertical Proprioception in Birch Trees

SSRN

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SSRN 2019年

作者： Alonso-Serra, Juan Shi, Xueping Peaucelle, Alexis Rastas, Pasi Bourdon, Matthieu Immanen, Juha Takahashi, Junko Koivula, Hanna Eswaran, Gugan Muranen, Sampo Help, Hanna Smolander, Olli-Pekka Su, Chang Safronov, Omid Gerber, Lorenz Salojärvi, Jarkko Hagqvist, Risto Mähonen, Ari Pekka Nieminen, Kaisa Helariutta, Ykä Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences Viikki Plant Science Centre University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Institute of Biotechnology HiLIFE University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan430070 China Sainsbury Laboratory University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin INRA AgroParisTech CNRS Université Paris-Saclay Versailles78000 France Helsinki Finland Umeå Plant Science Center Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Umeå Sweden Department of Food and Nutrition Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry University of Helsinki Finland Department of Physics Division of Materials Sciences X-ray Laboratory University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Science Tallinn University of Technology Tallinn Estonia Genome Institute of Singapore Singapore138672 Singapore Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore63755 Singapore

Tree architecture has evolved to support a top-heavy above-ground biomass, but this integral feature poses a weight-induced challenge to trunk stability. Maintaining an upright stem is expected to require vertical proprioception through feedback between sensing stem weight and modulating radial growth. Despite its apparent importance, the principle by which plant stems respond to vertical loading forces remains largely unknown. Here, by manipulating the stem weight of downy birch (Betula pubescens) trees, we show that cambial development is modulated systemically along the stem. We carried out a genetic study on the underlying regulation by combining an accelerated birch flowering program with a recessive mutation at the ELIMÄKI locus (EKI), which causes a mechanically defective response to weight stimulus resulting in stem collapse after just three months. We observed delayed wood morphogenesis in eki compared with WT, along with a more mechanically elastic cambial zone and radial compression of xylem cell size, indicating that timely tissue differentiation is critical for cambial growth under mechanical stress. Furthermore, the touch-induced mechanosensory pathway was transcriptionally misregulated in eki, indicating that the ELIMÄKI locus is required to integrate the weight-growth feedback regulation. By studying this birch mutant, we were able to dissect vertical proprioception from the gravitropic response associated with reaction wood formation. Taken together, our study provides evidence for both local and systemic responses to mechanical stimuli during secondary plant development. © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Forestry

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5th Anniversary Article: A Lesson from Plants: High-Speed Soft Robotic Actuators (Adv. Sci. 5/2020)

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Advanced science 2020年第5期7卷 2070024-2070024页

作者： Richard Baumgartner Alexander Kogler Josef M. Stadlbauer Choon Chiang Foo Rainer Kaltseis Melanie Baumgartner Guoyong Mao Christoph Keplinger Soo Jin Adrian Koh Nikita Arnold Zhigang Suo Martin Kaltenbrunner Siegfried Bauer Soft Matter Physics Institute of Experimental Physics Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenberger Straße 69 Linz 4040 Austria Soft Materials Lab Linz Institute of Technology LIT Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenberger Straße 69 Linz 4040 Austria Institute of High Performance Computing A*STAR 1 Fusionopolis Way #16-16 Connexis Singapore 138632 Singapore Institute of Polymer Science Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenberger Straße 69 Linz 4040 Austria Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO 80309 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO 80303 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117575 Singapore John A Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University 29 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA

Explosion of ping‐pong balls that is caused by the rapid inflation of an elastomer membrane. The illustrated ultrafast actuation is based on a plant‐inspired mechanical instability that occurs in natural rubber and can be remotely triggered, presented in article number https://***/10.1002/advs.201903391 by Martin Kaltenbrunner and co‐workers. These new types of high‐speed soft actuators have potential applications in object sorting or grasping.

关键词： bioinspired dielectric elastomer actuators coupled dielectric elastomer balloons snap-buckling snap-through instabilities soft robotics for high-speed actuation

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Large-scale day-time radiative cooling metafilm

Large-scale day-time radiative cooling metafilm

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Frontiers in Optics, FiO 2017

作者： Zhai, Yao Ma, Yaoguang David, Sabrina N. Zhao, Dongliang Lou, Runnan Wu, Chuanwei Tan, Gang Yang, Ronggui Yin, Xiaobo Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering University of Wyoming LaramieWY82071 United States

We demonstrate a large-scale day-time radiative cooling metafilm that is fabricated by a roll-to-roll process. The metafilm has demonstrated 93 W/m2 cooling power at noon-time, which is a performance promising for lar... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580330

关键词： Analytical techniques Extinction coefficients Infrared radiation Near infrared radiation Refractive index Rigorous coupled wave analysis

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Simultaneous Millimeter-wave, Gamma-ray, and Optical Monitoring of the Blazar PKS 2326-502 During a Flaring State

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Hood, J.C. Simpson, A. McDaniel, A. Foster, A. Ade, P.A.R. Ajello, M. Anderson, A.J. Austermann, J.E. Beall, J.A. Bender, A.N. Benson, B.A. Bianchini, F. Bleem, L.E. Carlstrom, J.E. Chang, C.L. Chaubal, P. Chiang, H.C. Chou, T.-L. Citron, R. Corbett Moran, C. Crawford, T.M. Crites, A.T. De Haan, T. Dobbs, M.A. Everett, W. Gallicchio, J. George, E.M. Gupta, N. Halverson, N.W. Hilton, G.C. Holder, G.P. Holzapfel, W.L. Hrubes, J.D. Huang, N. Hubmayr, J. Irwin, K.D. Knox, L. Lee, A.T. Li, D. Lowitz, A. Madejski, G. Malkan, M. McMahon, J.J. Meyer, S.S. Montgomery, J. Natoli, T. Nibarger, J.P. Noble, G. Novosad, V. Omori, Y. Padin, S. Patil, S. Pryke, C. Reichardt, C.L. Ruhl, J.E. Saliwanchik, B.R. Schaffer, K.K. Sievers, C. Smecher, G. Stark, A.A. Tucker, C. Veach, T. Vieira, J.D. Wang, G. Whitehorn, N. Wu, W.L.K. Yefremenko, V. Zebrowski, J.A. Zhang, L. Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Department of Physics Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Clemson University ClemsonSC29631 United States Department of Physics Case Western Reserve University ClevelandOH44106 United States Cardiff University CardiffCF10 3XQ United Kingdom Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory MS209 P.O. Box 500 BataviaIL60510 United States Nist Quantum Devices Group 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03 BoulderCO80305 United States Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S. Cass Avenue ArgonneIL60439 United States School of Physics University of Melbourne VIC Parkville3010 Australia Department of Physics University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue ChicagoIL60637 United States Enrico Fermi Institute University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Physics McGill University 3600 Rue University QC MontrealH3A 2T8 Canada School of Mathematics Statistics & Computer Science University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban South Africa University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue ChicagoIL60637 United States Tapir Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics California Institute of Technology 1200 E California Blvd PasadenaCA91125 United States Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics University of Toronto 50 St George St ON TorontoM5S 3H4 Canada Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics University of Toronto 50 St George St ON TorontoM5S 3H4 Canada Ibaraki Tsukuba305-0801 Japan Ibaraki Tsukuba305-0801 Japan Canadian Institute f

Including millimeter-wave (mm-wave) data in multi-wavelength studies of the variability of active galactic nuclei (AGN) can provide insights into AGN physics that are not easily accessible at other wavelengths. We demonstrate in this work the potential of cosmic microwave background (CMB) telescopes to provide long-term, high-cadence mm-wave AGN monitoring over large fractions of sky. We report on a pilot study using data from the SPTpol instrument on the South Pole Telescope (SPT), which was designed to observe the CMB at arcminute and larger angular scales. Between 2013 and 2016, SPTpol was used primarily to observe a single 500 deg2field, covering the entire field several times per day with detectors sensitive to radiation in bands centered at 95 and 150 GHz. We use SPT 150 GHz observations to create AGN light curves, and we compare these mm-wave light curves to those at other wavelengths, in particular γ-ray and optical. In this Letter, we focus on a single source, PKS 2326-502, which has extensive, day-timescale monitoring data in gamma-ray, optical, and now mm-wave between 2013 and 2016. We find PKS 2326-502 to be in a flaring state in the first two years of this monitoring, and we present a search for evidence of correlated variability between mm-wave, optical R band, and γ-ray observations. This pilot study is paving the way for AGN monitoring with current and upcoming CMB experiments such as SPT-3G, Simons Observatory, and CMB-S4, including multi-wavelength studies with facilities such as VRO-LSST. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Active Galactic Nuclei

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The role of deformability in determining the structural and mechanical properties of bubbles and emulsions

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Boromand, Arman Signoriello, Alexandra Lowensohn, Janna Orellana, Carlos S. Weeks, Eric R. Ye, Fangfu Shattuck, Mark D. O’Hern, Corey S. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Physics Emory University AtlantaGA30322 United States School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

We perform computational studies of jammed particle packings in two dimensions undergoing isotropic compression using the well-characterized soft particle (SP) model and deformable particle (DP) model that we developed for bubbles and emulsions. In the SP model, circular particles are allowed to overlap, generating purely repulsive forces. In the DP model, particles minimize their perimeter, while deforming at fixed area to avoid overlap during compression. We compare the structural and mechanical properties of jammed packings generated using the SP and DP models as a function of the packing fraction ρ, instead of the reduced number density φ. We show that near jamming onset the excess contact number ∆z = z−zJ and shear modulus G scale as ∆ρ0.5 in the large system limit for both models, where ∆ρ = ρ−ρJ and zJ ≈4 and ρJ ≈0.842 are the values at jamming onset. ∆z and G for the SP and DP models begin to differ for ρ & 0.88. In this regime, ∆z∼G can be described by a sum of two power-laws in ∆ρ, i.e. ∆z∼G ∼C0∆ρ0.5+C1∆ρ1.0 to lowest order. We show that the ratio C1/C0 is much larger for the DP model compared to to that for the SP model. We also characterize the void space in jammed packings as a function of ρ. We find that the DP model can describe the formation of Plateau borders as ρ → 1. We further show that the results for z and the shape factor A versus ρ for the DP model agree with recent experimental studies of foams and emulsions. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Jamming

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Photoresponsive materials: Photoprogrammable Mesogenic Soft Helical Architectures: A Promising Avenue toward Future Chiro‐Optics (Adv. Mater. 41/2020)

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Advanced materials 2020年第41期32卷

作者： Zhi‐Gang Zheng Yan‐Qing Lu Quan Li Department of Physics East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures and College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA

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The anatomic determinants of conductive hearing loss secondary to tympanic membrane perforation

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Journal of Otology 2017年第3期12卷 125-131页

作者： David J.Carpenter Debara L.Tucci David M.Kaylie Dennis O.Frank-Ito Division of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences Department of Surgery Duke University Medical Center Durham NC USA Computational Biology & Bioinformatics PhD Program Duke University Durham NC USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University Durham NC USA

Objectives: Recent studies have introduced middle ear volume(MEV) as a novel determinant of perforation-induced conductive hearing loss(CHL) in a mechanism driven by trans-tympanic membrane pressure differences. The primary aims of this preliminary report are to: 1) correlate CHL with perforation size; 2) describe the relationship between CHL and MEV; and 3) compare CHL across a range of cholesteatoma ***: A retrospective pilot study was performed in 31 subjects with audiometry indicative of conductive hearing loss, temporal bone CT scans,and no prior middle ear surgery. Perforation size and MEV were analyzed with respect to CHL in a cohort of 10 perforated ears with no cholesteatoma. CHLs were compared in 3 groups defined by extent of cholesteatoma ***: Ears with large and small perforations showed mean ABG values of 32.0 ± 15.7 dB and 16.0 ± 16.4 dB, respectively. A direct relationship was observed between MEV and CHL for ears with large perforations across all frequencies, whereas this relationship for small perforations was frequency-dependent. Finally, a statistically significant increase in CHL was found across ears with increasing cholesteatoma involvement at 1000 Hz(X^2(2) = 9.786, p = 0.008),2000 Hz(x^2(2) = 8.455, p = 0.015),and 4000 Hz(x^2(2)= 8.253, p = 0.016).Conclusions: These pilot data suggest that greater perforation-induced conductive hearing losses may be associated with larger perforation sizes and cholesteatoma. The correlation between MEV and CHL may require additional study.

关键词： Perforation-induced hearing loss Conductive hearing loss Middle ear volume Three-dimensional volume reconstruction

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Enhancement of gemcitabine against pancreatic cancer by loading in mesoporous silica vesicles

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2017年第3期28卷 531-536页

作者： Jun-Tao Dai Yu Zhang Heng-Chao Li Yong-Hui Deng Ahmed A. Elzatahry Abdulaziz Alghamdi De-Liang Fu Yong-Jian Jiang Dong-Yuan Zhao Department of Pancreatic Surgery Huashan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai 200040 China Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China State Key Lab of Transducer Technology Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200050China Materials Science and Technology Program College of Arts and Sciences Qatar Department of Chemistry Qatar University PO Box 2713 Doha Qatar College of Science King Saud Universily Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia

Gemcitabine（Gem） is currently the first-line chemotherapeutic drug in management of pancreatic cancer, however the therapeutic efficacy of Gem is limited due to its short half-life and poor cell membrane permeability. Here we designed mesoporous silica vesicles（MSVs） with large pore sizes as a novel drug delivery system. The MSVs were synthesized using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide（CTAB） as a structure-directing agent, tetraethoxysilane（TEOS） as silica source in n-hexane/water biliquid system. By virtue of the large pore size and large pore volume of the MSVs, Gem was loaded into the mesoporous of MSVs via ＂nanocasting＂ method. In vitro drug release experiments of gemcitabineloaded MSVs showed an accelerating release of gemcitabine in acidic condition. These fluorescently labeled MSVs could be effectively internalized by both a human（BxPC-3） and a mouse pancreatic cancer cell lines（Pan02）. Additionally, some MSVs could even reach the nuclei of the pancreatic cancer cells. Cell viability assays demonstrated that gemcitabine-loaded MSVs exhibited enhanced anticancer activity in inhibiting the proliferation of Bx PC-3 and Pan02 cells compared with free Gem, while the MSVs alone showed no significant cytotoxicity. Our results indicate that our synthesized MSVs might represent a promising novel drug delivery platform for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Gemcitabine Mesoporous silica vesicles Drug delivery Pancreatic cancer Drug release

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