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16th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation in Manufacturing Engineering, CIRP ICME 2022

作者： Preuss, Kai Schulte, Svenja Nicole Rzazonka, Lukas Befort, Lilian Fresemann, Carina Stark, Rainer Russwinkel, Nele Technische Universität Berlin Cognitive Modeling in Dynamic Human-Machine Systems Marchstraße 23 Berlin10587 Germany Technische Universität Berlin Industrial Information Technology Pascalstraße 8-9 Berlin10587 Germany

The Digital Twin paradigm incorporates the application of virtual prototypes established during product development as well as sensor data collected during the production and use phase. Another aspect concerns digital representation of the product's end users. A stronger connection between a digital product and its digital user would complement the Digital Twin. This paper investigates the concept of coupling a geometrical model of an adjustable operating table including position sensors with a cognitive digital user. Users interacted with both real and virtual instances of the table. Resulting data allow for evaluation of the usability of different interface variants and virtual product representations to develop a cognitive model of end users, showing the potential of a combined Digital Twin in human-centered design. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Product design

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Towards A human-Centered Digital Twin

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Procedia CIRP 2023年 118卷 324-329页

作者： Kai Preuss Svenja Nicole Schulte Lukas Rzazonka Lilian Befort Carina Fresemann Rainer Stark Nele Russwinkel Technische Universität Berlin Cognitive Modeling in dynamic Human-Machine Systems Marchstraße 23 10587 Berlin Germany Technische Universität Berlin Industrial Information Technology Pascalstraße 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany

关键词： digital twin cognitive modeling human-centered design user study

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cognitive Processing Stages during Mental Folding Are Reflected in Eye Movements

Cognitive Processing Stages during Mental Folding Are Reflec...

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2020 ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications, ETRA 2020

作者： Preuss, Kai Hilton, Christopher Gramann, Klaus Russwinkel, Nele Technische Universität Berlin Department of Psychology and Ergonomics Cognitive Modeling in Dynamic Human-Machine Systems Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450371353

Distinct cognitive processing stages in mental spatial transformation tasks can be identified in oculomotor behavior. We recorded eye movements whilst participants performed a mental folding task. Gaze behaviour was analyzed to provide insights into the relationship of task difficulty, gaze proportion on each stimulus, gaze switches between stimuli, and reaction times. We found a monotonic decrease in switch frequency and reference object gaze proportions with increasing difficulty level. Further, we found that these measures of gaze behaviour are related to the time taken to perform the mental transformation. We propose that the observed patterns of eye movements are indicative of distinct cognitive stages during mental folding. Lastly, further exploratory analyses are discussed. © 2020 ACM.

关键词： Eye movements

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ACT-R model for cognitive assistance in handling flight deck alerts 17

ACT-R model for cognitive assistance in handling flight deck...

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17th International Conference on cognitive modeling, ICCM 2019

作者： Klaproth, Oliver W. Halbrügge, Marc Russwinkel, Nele Central Research and Technology Hein-Sass-Weg 22 Hamburg21129 Germany Chair of Cognitive Modeling in Dynamic Human Machine Systems Marchstr. 23 Berlin10587 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780998508238

The ability to respond to the needs of an individual operator is key for cognitive assistance in naturalistic settings. In order to keep track of changing operator demands in dynamic situations, a model-based approach for cognitive assistance is proposed. Based on model tracing with flight deck interactions and EEG recordings, the model is able to represent individual pilots' behavior in response to flight deck alerts. As a first application of the concept, an ACT-R cognitive model is created using data from an empirical flight simulator study on neurophysiological signals of missed acoustic alerts. Results show that uncertainty of individual behavior representation can be significantly reduced by the combination of cognitive modeling and EEG data. Implications for model-based cognitive assistance in flight deck operations are discussed. © ICCM *** rights reserved.

关键词： Flight simulators

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Investigation of frustration 19

Investigation of frustration

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2019 Conference on Mensch und Computer, MuC 2019

作者： Weidemann, Alexandra Russwinkel, Nele Technical University Berlin junior research group MTI-engAge Berlin Germany Technical University Berlin Cognitive Modeling in dynamic Human-Machine Systems Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450371988

Frustration often occur in an interaction with a technical device. It has a strong impact on the quality of interaction and should be carefully considered in planning how humans and machines should interact with each other. In this study, the measurability of frustration with subjective (questionnaires) and objective (electrocardiogram and electromyogram) methods and the influence on user state factors (like dominance, self-confidence, and performance) in an emotion induction task was examined. The sample size was 20 participants. Here we show that the induced frustration could be measured with questionnaires. Furthermore, positive correlations between frustration and mental demand and self-reported performance, as well as negative correlations between frustration and dominance and self-confidence were observed. The psychophysiological methods also indicate differences between the frustrated group (FRUST-group) and the control group (NOFRUST-group). Even if the frustration is only psychologically perceived, it should be determined how frustration could be detected and minimized. The information and the knowledge about underlying processes and relationships could be used for a better human-machine interaction. © 2019 Association for Computing machinery.

关键词： Electrocardiograms

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Comparing models of visual search in heterogeneous search fields 16

Comparing models of visual search in heterogeneous search fi...

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16th International Conference on cognitive modeling, ICCM 2018

作者： Lindner, Stefan Arlt, Lennart Russwinkel, Nele Department of Cognitive Modeling in Dynamic Human-Machine Systems TU Berlin Marchstr. 23 Berlin10587 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780998508221

The paper investigates visual search in heterogeneous search fields with the aim of capturing search times with cognitive models. An icon search experiment was conducted in which target-distractor similarity (low vs. high) and distractordistractor similarity (low vs. high) of icons, target presence (present vs. absent) and the set size (6x4, 8x4 or 8x6 icons) were varied. At the same time a total of 6 ACT-R models - each implementing a different search strategy hypothesis - were created (4 cluster search models, 1 row model and 1 basic model) and their fit with the experimental reaction times assessed. All cluster models were able to fit the general pattern of reaction times fairly well, but varied in fit among different conditions. A cluster model assuming search along 2-by-2-icon clusters achieved the best overall fit. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： ACT-R cognitive modeling Similarity Visual search

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ACT-droid meets ACT-touch: Modelling differences in swiping behavior with real apps 16

ACT-droid meets ACT-touch: Modelling differences in swiping ...

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16th International Conference on cognitive modeling, ICCM 2018

作者： Russwinkel, Nele Prezenski, Sabine Dörr, Lisa Tamborello, Frank Department of Cognitive Modeling in Dynamic Human-Machine Systems TU Berlin Marchstr. 23 Berlin10587 Germany Cogscent LLC HoustonTX United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780998508221

This paper presents a tool (ACT-Droid) that integrates user models with mobile devices and enables modelling time-sensitive touch interactions via ACT-Touch. It demonstrates that using ACT-Droid in combination with ACT-Touch is a step towards model-based user studies of real smartphone apps. Aspecial focus is set on modeling swipe interactions. Hereby, different interaction strategies depending on preknowledge of the interface type (e.g. sorted or unsorted lists) are modeled. Results of an empirical study conducted with a real smartphone app indicate that searching through lists results in different kinds of swipe behavior for sorted vs. unsorted lists. Sorted list interfaces elicited fewer and quicker swipes than unsorted lists. This paper introduces ACT-R model approaches capable of capturing such behavior. Finally, the importance of understanding top-down strategies involved in such regular tasks is discussed. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： Smartphones

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modeling Individual Strategies in dynamic Decision-making with ACT-R: A Task Toward Decision-making Assistance in HCI

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Procedia Computer Science 2018年 145卷 668-674页

作者： Ziying Zhang Nele Russwinkel Sabine Prezenski Cognitive Modeling in Dynamic Human-Machine Systems Department of Psychology and Ergonomics Technische Universität Berlin 10587 Berlin Germany

New findings from cognitive science, computer science, and psychology should be used to develop better artificial intelligence (AI). One of the important goals in AI development is the accurate understanding and prediction of the behaviors and decision-making processes of humans. It is especially demanding to achieve this for real dynamic settings, characterized by constant changes. Individual differences in decision-making and behavior make this even more challenging. The area of human-computer interaction looks at a series of decisions and multifactor situations which are influenced by corresponding feedback. cognitive modeling provides us with a method to understand and explain how such dynamic decisions are made. This work is a demonstration of how cognitive modeling allows to flexible simulate decision-making in dynamic environments for different individual strategies. In this work an empirical study of an improved complex category learning task is presented, the study is based on previous work [8]. The task requires participants to categorize tones (consisting of different features) by applying acoustic strategies to define a target category and adapt to a reversal of feedback. Thus, a model based on the cognitive architecture ACT-R is developed. This model firstly tries out one-feature strategies (e.g. frequency) and then switches to two-feature strategies (e.g. frequency + volume) as a result of negative feedback. However, after comparing the model fit data and analyzing each individual’s data and answers, there is a great variance among some individuals and the first model which only considers acoustic feature strategies and cannot predict individuals who consider the uncertain correct button representing target tones. The upgraded second model contains two independent threshold count mechanisms for these two factors’ learning process. The result of the second model provides a better approximation of the values with the empirical data of those subjects who

关键词： dynamic decision making Category learning ACT-R cognitive modeling Auditory cognition Artificial intelligence

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Implementing mental model updating in ACT-R 15

Implementing mental model updating in ACT-R

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15th International Conference on cognitive modeling, ICCM 2017

作者： Prezenski, Sabine Cognitive Modeling in Dynamic Human-Machine Systems Department of Psychology and Ergonomics Technical University Berlin Berlin Germany

This paper demonstrates how mental models and updates of mental models due to system changes can be modeled with the cognitive architecture ACT-R using explicit mechanisms. The mental model building and updating is modeled with a representation chunk and a control chunk. The representation chunk holds the strategy, the expected outcome and an evaluation mechanism of the strategy. The control chunk holds information over environmental conditions and the learning history. This modeling approach was developed and tested for smartphone application tasks and then implemented in a dynamic decision-making task investigating strategy development with complex stimuli. The later task used different multi-feature auditory stimuli material. The modeling approach explained data of participants in the smartphone studies very well and met the trends found in the dynamic decision-making task. © Copyright 2017 retained by the authors.

关键词： Smartphones

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modeling of visual search and influence of item similarity 15

Modeling of visual search and influence of item similarity

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15th International Conference on cognitive modeling, ICCM 2017

作者： Lindner, Stefan Russwinkel, Nele Arlt, Lennart Neufeld, Max Schattenhofer, Lukas Department of Cognitive Modeling in Dynamic Human-Machine Systems TU Berlin Marchstr. 23 Berlin10587 Germany

A modeling approach addressing visual search in an array of items of differing similarity is introduced. The model is able to capture the effects found in a study that varies target-distractor similarity (low vs. high), distractor-distractor similarity (low vs. high) of icons, target presence (present vs. absent) and the set size (8, 16 or 24 icons). To be able to simulate human visual search in such a task with original ACT-R mechanisms we implemented a hybrid search strategy that combines parallel and serial search. The presented model can provide useful insight for researchers interested in modeling tasks containing visual icon search. © Copyright 2017 retained by the authors.

关键词： ACT-R cognitive modeling Similarity Visual search

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