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Comments on "Analysis of self-stabilizing clock synchronization by means of stochastic Petri nets"

IEEE Transactions on computers 1994年第12期43卷 1453-1456页

作者： G. Ciardo C. Lindemann Department of Computer Science College of William and Mary Williamsburg VA USA GMD Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology (GMD-FIRST) Technische Universitat Berlin Berlin Germany

We point out some errors in the combinatorial approach for the steady-state analysis of a deterministic and stochastic Petri net (DSPN) presented by M. Lu, D. Zhang, and T. Murata (1990). However, the methodology for analyzing the self-stability of fault-tolerant clock synchronisation (FCS) systems introduced in that paper is applicable for FCS systems with many clocking modules, even if the combinatorial approach is not valid. This is due to the progress in improving the efficiency of the DSPN solution algorithm made in recent years. We show that the explicit computation of the steady-state solution of the DSPN can be performed with reasonable computational effort on a modern workstation by the software package DSPNexpress.< >

关键词： Clocks Synchronization Stochastic processes Petri nets Electromagnetic compatibility Stochastic systems Steady-state Fault tolerant systems Probability distribution Performance analysis

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A minimal window system architecture for distributed environment

A minimal window system architecture for distributed environ...

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20th EUROMICRO Conference on System architecture and Integration, EUROMICRO 1994

作者： Yoon, Jinsoo Hoffner, Yigal Chon, Kilnam Dept. of Computer Science Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 371-1 Kuseong-Dong Yuseong-Ku Daejeon 305-701 Korea Republic of Architecture Project Management Ltd. Poseidon House Cambridge CB3 ORD United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)0818664304

In this paper, we assert that window system plays a fundamental role in supporting multiple interaction channels distributed over a finite number of I/O devices. For historical as well as technical reasons, window systems usually deal with the issues which concern distribution of window system components, heterogeneity, user interface, multimedia, and distributed application support. We propose a minimal window system architecture which allows separate treatment of these issues. The minimal window system architecture serves as a basis for discussing the influence of these issues on each other. Also in the viewpoint of the transparency facilities inherent in a distributed system, a window system model based on the minimal window system is proposed for the distributed environment. © 1994 IEEE.

关键词： User interfaces

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Nonnumeric search results on the EM-4 distributed-memory multiprocessor 94

Nonnumeric search results on the EM-4 distributed-memory mul...

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Supercomputing Conference

作者： A. Sohn M. Sato S. Sakai Y. Kodama Y. Yamaguchi Computer and Information Science Department New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ USA Computer Architecture Section Electro Technical Laboratory Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9780818666056

Numeric scientific problems have been the main focus of supercomputing as their numerous implementations on various multiprocessors indicate. Nonnumeric problems on the other hand have received very little attention for parallel implementation due to their irregular behaviors and a large amount of resource usage. This report presents our experiences implementing difficult nonnumeric problems on the EM-4 multiprocessor, believing that supercomputers should also be able to effectively execute nonnumeric problems if they are to be considered 'supercomputers'. We selected two typical search problems, the Eight-Puzzle and the Tower-of-Hanoi. Two parallel search techniques we used to implement the search problems, unidirectional and bidirectional heuristic search. A total of eight different programs have been implemented on the EM-4 multiprocessor with realistic problem sizes. Execution results demonstrate that the parallel bidirectional heuristic search can solve the tree depth 20 to 40 of the Eight-Puzzle in an optimal or near optimal number of iterations in less than two seconds, and is highly scalable as it gives over 40-fold speedup for both problems on 80 processors.< >

关键词： Concurrent computing Search problems Supercomputers Artificial intelligence Runtime Information science computer architecture Laboratories Buildings Parallel machines

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A minimal window system architecture for distributed environment

A minimal window system architecture for distributed environ...

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EUROMICRO Conference

作者： Jinsoo Yoon Yigal Hoffner Kilnam Chon Department of Computer Science Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea Architecture and Project Management Limited Cambridge UK

ISBN: (纸本)0818664304

In this paper, we assert that window system plays a fundamental role in supporting multiple interaction channels distributed over a finite number of I/O devices. For historical as well as technical reasons, window systems usually deal with the issues which concern distribution of window system components, heterogeneity, user interface, multimedia, and distributed application support. We propose a minimal window system architecture which allows separate treatment of these issues. The minimal window-system architecture serves as a basis for discussing the influence of these issues on each other. Also in the viewpoint of the transparency facilities inherent in a distributed system, a window system model based on the minimal window system is proposed for the distributed environment.< >

关键词： Application software computer architecture User interfaces Distributed computing Multimedia systems Workstations computer science Project management Operating systems computer networks

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Predicting the drape of woven cloth using interacting particles 94

Predicting the drape of woven cloth using interacting partic...

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21st Annual Conference on computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, SIGGRAPH 1994

作者： Breen, David E. House, Donald H. Wozny, Michael J. European Computer-Industry Research Centre Design Research Center Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Arabellastrasse 17 MunichD-81925 Germany Visualization Laboratory Texas A and M University Department of Computer Science Williams College College of Architecture College StationTX77843-3137 United States National Institute of Standards and Technology Design Research Center Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute MEL 220/B322 GaithersburgMD20899 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0897916670

We demonstrate a physically-based technique for predicting the drape of a wide variety of woven fabrics. The approach exploits a theoretical model that explicitly represents the microstructure of woven cloth with interacting particles, rather than utilizing a continuum approximation. By testing a cloth sample in a Kawabata fabric testing device, we obtain data that is used to tune the model's energy functions, so that it reproduces the draping behavior of the original material. Photographs, comparing the drape of actual cloth with visualizations of simulation results, show that we are able to reliably model the unique large-scale draping characteristics of distinctly different fabric types. © ACM 1994.

关键词： Weaving

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Linearity and the cnf property in linear fuzzy rule interpolation

Linearity and the cnf property in linear fuzzy rule interpol...

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IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)

作者： L.T. Koczy S. Kovacs LIFE Chair of Fuzzy Theory Department of Systems Science Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Japan Computer Centre University of Miskolc Miskolc Hungary

It is an important question if rule interpolation is done whether the theoretical shape of the membership function of the calculated conclusion is exactly or approximately linear between two neighboring /spl alpha/-levels in the breakpoint set, or it has a very different shape. In the latter case, interpolation for only a few (as e.g. 0 and 1) levels is not satisfactory, which fact might increase the computational time necessary for generating the conclusion by a large constant factor. It is also examined if the conclusion has a convex and normal membership function, i.e. whether the calculated infima exceed the calculated suprema of the given /spl alpha/-cut or not.< >

关键词： Linearity Interpolation Shape Equations Fuzzy reasoning Fuzzy set theory Fuzzy systems Cloning Fuzzy control Real time systems

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Parallel bidirectional heuristic search on the EM-4 multiprocessor

Parallel bidirectional heuristic search on the EM-4 multipro...

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International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)

Solving search problems takes a large amount of computational resources both in terms of execution time and memory usage. This report presents experimental results of Parallel Bidirectional Heuristic Search (PBiHS) on the 80-processor EM-4 multithreaded data-flow multiprocessor. The PBiHS searches from two directions in parallel while search in each direction is also performed in parallel. Important data structures are distributed to all processors to help reduce the execution time of realistic problem sizes down to a few seconds or less. We implement two search problems, the Eight Puzzle and the Tower of Hanoi, and execute on the target multiprocessor. Execution results demonstrate that the Parallel Bidirectional Heuristic Search can solve the tree depth 20-40 of the Eight-Puzzle and the 3-9 disks of the Tower of Hanoi in an optimal or near optimal number of iterations in less than two seconds, is highly scalable as it gives over 40-fold speedup on 80 processors, and yields on the average 10-fold improvement over unidirectional search for the 8-Puzzle while generating a far less number of nodes.< >

关键词： Search problems Poles and towers Artificial intelligence Concurrent computing Data structures Parallel processing Information science computer architecture Laboratories Buildings

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An approach to the evaluation of human resources by using fuzzy set theory

An approach to the evaluation of human resources by using fu...

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IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)

作者： A. Cannavacciuolo G. Capaldo A. Ventre A. Volpe G. Zollo Fiat Research Center Torin Italy Napoli Italy Institute of Mathematics Faculty of Architecture University of Naples Federico II Napoli Italy DISA Faculty of Economics University of Trento Italy ODISSEO Department of Computer Science and Systems University of Naples Federico II Napoli Italy

This paper presents a method used to improve the current personnel evaluation procedures in a large company. The method is grounded on the semiotic analysis of stories justifying judgments. Categories and verbal values are represented by using concepts of fuzzy set theory. Particularly, a method is presented to measure the membership value of an individual in a predefined fuzzy category.< >

关键词： Humans Fuzzy set theory Mathematics computer architecture computer science Personnel Particle measurements Guidelines Filters Aggregates

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APPLICATION OF OPEN SYSTEMS STANDARDS TO DOD AVIONICS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第6期106卷 65-69页

作者： ROARK, C KICZUK, B Chuck Roark: a Senior Member of the Technical Staff is currently responsible for Software IR&D within Texas Instruments Defense Systems & Electronics Group (DSEG) leading the software effort for TI's participation in the JAST program and systems engineer on the Navy's Dynamic Reconfiguration Demonstration System (DRDS) program. He is also coordinator of standards activities within DSEG. Dr. Roark formerly was manager/technical lead for the Aladdin program was responsible for software inputs in support of AX prime contractors and had software responsibilities on the LH and YF-22 programs. He currently chairs the SAE AS5 Software Committee SAE AS2 Backplane Interconnect Committee and SAE AS2 Pi-Bus Working Group is vice-chair of the IEEE POSIX P 1003.21 Real-Time Distributed Systems Communications Working Group and is member of the SAE AS5 Generic Open Avionics Architecture (GOAA) Task Group. Dr. Roark has over 40 published technical articles. Dr. Roark received a B.S. M.A. and Ph.D. in Mathematics from the University of Oklahoma in 1972 1974 and 1976 respectively and a M.S. in Computer Science from Wright State University in 1980.

The DoD is transitioning to open systems standards as a means to reduce cost. Key aspects of this thrust are: (1) the development and cataloging of a preferred set of standards which can be uniformly interpreted and applied across DoD programs;(2) the ability to develop target independent software which can be affordably retargeted to rapidly evolving commercially based hardware;and (3) a method for transitioning emerging standards and products to programs with minimum risk.

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BROAD-BAND ISLAND INTERCONNECTION VIA SATELLITE - PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR THE RACE-II CATALYST PROJECT

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS 1994年第3期12卷 223-238页

作者： HADJITHEODOSIOU, MH KOMISARCZUK, P COAKLEY, F EVANS, BG SMYTHE, C Centre for Satellite Engineering Research University of Surrey Guildford GU2 5XH U.K. Obtained an M.A. in Electrical and Information Sciences from the University of Cambridge in 1989 and an M.S. in Electrical Engineering from the University of California Irvine in 1991. He is currently a Research Fellow at the Centre for Satellite Research University of Surrey U.K. His research interests include multiple access protocols for VSAT networks voice/data integration in low-bit-rate networks and the use of satellites for the provision of BISDN services. Obtained a B.Sc. in Pure and Applied Physics with Electronics in 1983 and an M.Sc. in Modern Electronics in 1984 from the University of Nottingham U.K. He was a project engineer on the Corporate Data Network for the Central Electricity Generating Board U.K. and then a senior lecturer in communication systems at the University of Greenwich UK. At present he is working on his Ph.D. at the Centre for Satellite Engineering Research (CSER) University of Surrey on the performance of communication systems. Has been Senior Lecturer in the Department of Electrical Engineering University of Surrey since 1984. She is the author (or joint author) of more than 80 research papers. Currently she teaches courses in Telecommunication Networks and Computer Architecture. Her research interests include on-board processing for satellites protocols and performance issues. Received the BSc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering and Microwave Systems from the University of Leeds in 1965/1968. He was British Telecom Lecturer-Reader in Telecommunications Systems at the University of Essex from 1969–1983. In 1983 he was appointed to the Alec Harley Reeves Chair of Information Systems Engineering at the University of Surrey and in 1990 became the first Director of the post-graduate centre for Satellite Engineering Research which houses some 100 researchers. In 1992 he was made a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineers in the U.K. and is a Fellow of IEE and a member of IEEE

The use of communication satellites as a possible way of offering broadband island interconnectivity appears to be a very attractive option, as it will enable the provision of an all-digital, transparent service to a number of ATM islands spanning a wide area, accommodating efficiently a variety of traffic demands. The CATALYST Project (RACE II/R2074) is an attempt to demonstrate the applicability and compatibility of satellite technology with the terrestrial BISDN. In this paper we present an overview of the project and focus on an initial study of the expected user performance through the CATALYST network. Our analysis is based upon mathematical and simulation models and describes the end-system to end-system transfer delay for given message lengths. The protocol profiles assume a mix of Novell NetWare and Network File System client/server architectures, which are supported by either the IEEE 802.3/Ethernet or fibre distributed data interface LANs, which are themselves linked via LAN/ATM/satellite interface units. Areas of further investigation, and the implication of our analysis on the actual network architecture, are discussed.

关键词： ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER MODE (ATM) BROAD-BAND ISDN SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS

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