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Assessing mowing intensity:A new index incorporating frequency,type of machinery,and technique

Grassland Research 2024年第3期3卷 264-274页

作者： Margarita Hartlieb Sebastian Raubitzek Johanna L.Berger Michael Staab Juliane Vogt Manfred Ayasse Andreas Ostrowski Wolfgang Weisser Nico Blüthgen Ecological Networks Department of BiologyTechnical University of DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany SBA-Research ViennaAustria Natura 2000-Station Unstrut-Hainich/Eichsfeld Wildtierland Hainich gGmbHHörselberg-HainichGermany Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics Ulm UniversityUlmGermany Heinz Nixdorf Chair for Distributed Information Systems Faculty of Mathematics and Computer ScienceFriedrich Schiller UniversityJenaGermany Department of Life Science Systems School of Life SciencesTechnical University of MunichTerrestrial Ecology Research GroupFreisingGermany

Background:Only a few decades ago,colorful,small-scale,heterogeneous,and species-rich hay meadows or extensive pastures were common,but have often been replaced by species-poor,uniform,large-scale multicut *** advancements and improved efficiency in grassland management have come at the cost of ***:In Germany,150 grassland plots have been investigated since *** these extensive data,we propose a new compound index for estimating the site-specific mowing intensity in order to facilitate assessment of the impact of mowing intensity on biodiversity and ecosystem *** index integrates the various qualitative components of mowing machine type,mowing height and use of a conditioner,with the annual number of ***:The newly proposed index achieves a much finer gradation of mowing intensity compared to the previous quantification based on the number of cuts ***,a decrease in plant and arthropod species was observed at higher mowing ***:The proposed mowing intensity index offers enhanced precision in calculations and can easily be integrated into assessments of land-use intensity in ***,it could serve as a basis for providing subsidies to farmers,who adopt low-impact mowing practices.

关键词： applications conditioner mower mowing height number of cuts species richness

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Self-Awareness for Autonomous systems

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE 2020年第7期108卷 971-975页

作者： Dutt, Nikil Regazzoni, Carlo S. Rinner, Bernhard Yao, Xin Nikil Dutt (Fellow IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree from the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign Champaign IL USA in 1989.""He is currently a Distinguished Professor of computer science (CS) cognitive sciences and electrical engineering and computer sciences (EECS) with the University of California at Irvine Irvine CA USA. He is a coauthor of seven books. His research interests include embedded systems electronic design automation (EDA) computer architecture distributed systems healthcare Internet of Things (IoT) and brain-inspired architectures and computing.""Dr. Dutt is a Fellow of ACM. He was a recipient of the IFIP Silver Core Award. He has received numerous best paper awards. He serves as the Steering Committee Chair of the IEEE/ACM Embedded Systems Week (ESWEEK). He is also on the steering organizing and program committees of several premier EDA and embedded system design conferences and workshops. He has served on the Editorial Boards for the IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems and the ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems and also previously served as the Editor-in-Chief (EiC) for the ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems. He served on the Advisory Boards of the IEEE Embedded Systems Letters the ACM Special Interest Group on Embedded Systems the ACM Special Interest Group on Design Automationt and the ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems. Carlo S. Regazzoni (Senior Member IEEE) received the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electronic and telecommunications engineering from the University of Genoa Genoa Italy in 1987 and 1992 respectively.""He is currently a Full Professor of cognitive telecommunications systems with the Department of Electrical Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and Naval Architecture (DITEN) University of Genoa and a Co-Ordinator of the Joint Doctorate on Interactive and Cognitive Environments (JDICE) international Ph.D. course started initially as EU Erasmus Mundus Project and

Autonomous systems are able to make decisions and potentially take actions without direct human intervention, which requires some knowledge about the system and its environment as well as goal-oriented reasoning. In computer systems, one can derive such behavior from the concept of a rational agent with autonomy (“control over its own actions”), reactivity (“react to events from the environment”), proactivity (“act on its own initiative”), and sociality (“interact with other agents”) as fundamental properties \n[1]\n. Autonomous systems will undoubtedly pervade into our everyday lives, and we will find them in a variety of domains and applications including robotics, transportation, health care, communications, and entertainment to name a few. \nThe articles in this month’s special issue cover concepts and fundamentals, architectures and techniques, and applications and case studies in the exciting area of self-awareness in autonomous systems.

关键词： Special issues and sections Autonomous systems Self-aware Robot sensing systems Computational modeling

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Interoperability and security challenges of Industrie 4.0 47

Interoperability and security challenges of Industrie 4.0

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47. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft fur Informatik, Informatik 2017 - 47th Annual Meeting of the German Informatics Society (GI), Informatics 2017

作者： Watson, Venesa Tellabi, Asmaa Sassmannshausen, Jochen Lou, Xinxin University of Siegen Faculty of Science and Engineering Chair for Data Communication Systems Hölderlinstraße 3 Siegen57068 Germany Bielefeld University Department of Computer Networks and Distributed Systems Universitätsstraße 25 Bielefeld33615 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783885796695

Industrie 4.0 (I4.0) is the fourth industrial revolution, which will see the digital transformation of manufacturing, through the integration on Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), Data and Services, and the convergence of Information Technology (IT) and Operational Technology (OT). With any such transformation, there exists challenges that must first be addressed for a successful outcome. For I4.0, these are interoperability and security, which respectively arise from the interconnection of devices from different manufacturers and/or with different communication protocols;and the interconnection of networks with competing critical and non-critical traffic, and the increased access to initially isolated networks. This paper presents an overview of standards, such as IEC 62443, the ISO 27000 series, IEC 62541 Open Connectivity Unified Architecture (OPC UA) and Time Sensitive networks (TSN) (IEEE 1722-2016), which addresses these challenges. © 2017 Gesellschaft fur Informatik (GI). All rights reserved.

关键词： Interoperability

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A NEW APPROACH FOR MODELING LOCAL SELECTIVE CONNECTIVITY AND MAINTAINING ISOLATED REGIONS INAD HOCnetworks

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International Journal on Wireless & Optical Communications 2006年第1期3卷 23-47页

作者： M. BORSCHBACH Chair of Computer Networks and Distributed Systems University of Chemnitz D-09107 Strasse der Nationen 62 Germany

The major prerequisites for successful wireless ad hoc networking are an almost homogeneous distribution of a non-trivial number of nodes and the determination of an almost ideal selective connectivity of these nodes in the network. To give a basic characterization of network connectivity, an ad hoc network model based on planar graphs is introduced. According to this underlying mathematical network description, the features of homogeneous connectivity for ad hoc networks are defined. The network model definitions of a connected, a simple connected, a strict connected, a multiple connected and a strong connected network have an iterative foundation on the meta set of the formal network description and the fulfilled local connectivity requirements. The degree of connectivity of each node and the intensity of connectivity of the network itself is maintained by the multiple paths existing at a time. Due to a specific physical layer ratio of wireless capacity utilization and the average number of independent paths, a condition of isolation provides the opportunity to maintain isolated areas in any given ad hoc network distribution. To support identified isolated regions is a main goal of a hybrid transfer network. According to the common underlying mathematical model of ad hoc networks introduced, a selective network model is defined to analyze local node connectivity. Based on a system architecture with a predetermined number of independent and simultaneous links of each network node, the different optimization degrees of the selection of neighbors are presented. A higher relaying efficiency gives the main opportunity for an ad hoc net to be an essential part of a future networking system. The efficiency of a selective network topology is compared to pure range controlled topology.

关键词： ad hoc network models topology control modeling inhomogeneous distributions ideal local node connectivity

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A brief Introduction to MOSEL-2

A brief Introduction to MOSEL-2

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13th GI/ITG Conference - Measuring, Modelling and Evaluation of computer and Communication systems

作者： Patrick Wuechner Hermann de Meer Joerg Barner Gunter Bolch Chair of Computer Networks and Computer Communications Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Passau Innstr. 33 94032 Passau Germany Research Group on Analytical Modeling Chair of Distributed Systems and Operating Systems Department of Computer Science University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Martensstr. 1 91058 Germany

The versatile MOdeling, Specification and Evaluation Language is the core element of the MOSEL-2 tool. This description languages provides a high-level means for specifying models, performance measures, and the graphical presentation of results. The description languages is implemented in form of an evaluation environment that comprises translators to the modeling languages of several third-party performance evaluation tools that evaluate the specified model.

关键词： Numerical models Computational modeling Stochastic processes Mathematical model Analytical models computer performance Performance evaluation

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Simulative performance evaluation of a mobile peer-to-peer file-sharing system

Simulative performance evaluation of a mobile peer-to-peer f...

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Conference on Next Generation Internet networks, NGI

作者： T. Hopfeld K. Tutschku F.-U. Andersen H. de Meer J.O. Oberender Dept. of Distributed Syst. Wurzburg Univ. Germany Department of Distributed Systems University of Wiirzburg Germany SIEMENS AG Berlin Germany Chair of Computer Networks and Computer Communications University of Passau Germany

Peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharing has become the killer application in the wired Internet and might also be highly attractive for mobile networks. In particular since UMTS operators are searching for new applications which do both: a) exploit the potential of the UMTS technology and b) motivate the user to adopt the new technology. In this work we are investigating the performance of an eDonkey-based mobile P2P file-sharing system by means of time-dynamic simulation. Mobile networks differ from wireline networks by the limited capacity of the radio link and the mobility of the users. P2P networks, in contrast, are overlays which consider the transport network in an abstract way. In a mobile environment, the question arises, whether the abstraction can be maintained and what will be the performance impact if there is any. We will show in detail how the mobile access technology (GPRS or UMTS), the churn behavior of mobile users, the file size of mobile specific content, and special infrastructure entities, such as a cache peer, influences the performance of the suggested mobile P2P file-sharing service.

关键词： Peer to peer computing 3G mobile communication Telecommunication traffic Communication system traffic control computer networks Mobile communication Application software Radio link Ground penetrating radar Payloads

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Comparison of Crawling Strategies for an Optimized Mobile P2P Architecture

Comparison of Crawling Strategies for an Optimized Mobile P2...

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The 19th International Teletraffic Congress-ITC19

作者： Tobias Hoβfeld Andreas Mder Kurt Tutschku Phuoc Tran-Gia Frank-Uwe Andersen Hermann de Meer Ivan Dedinski Department of Distributed Systems Institute of Computer Science University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany Department of Distributed Systems Institute of Computer Science University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany Department of Distributed Systems Institute of Computer Science University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany Department of Distributed Systems Institute of Computer Science University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany Siemens Communications Siemensdamm 62 13623 Berlin Germany Chair of Computer Networks and Computer Communications University of Passau Innstr. 33 94032 Passau Germany Chair of Computer Networks and Computer Communications University of Passau Innstr. 33 94032 Passau Germany

Mobile networks differ from their wireline counterparts mainly by the high costs for air transmissions and by the mobility of the users. A new entity, denoted as the crawling peer, is suggested in order to optimize the resource mediation mechanism for a mobile P2P file sharing application. The crawling peer locates content on behalf of mobile peers. It is placed in the wireline part of the mobile network and thus, does not suffer from the above mentioned restrictions. The crawling peer is part of a comprehensive mobile P2P file sharing architecture [1] which is based on the popular eDonkey file sharing application. The performance of three querying strategies of the crawling peer is investigated with respect to banning at the index servers and the response time of requests, i.e. the time to find a file. The results show that the selection of an appropriate request strategy for the crawling peer maximizes the probabihty of locating a file while the probability to be banned by an eDonkey index server is minimized.

关键词： P2P, mobile network architecture, resource mediation

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A distributed MEDIA ACCESS PROTOCOL FOR PACKET RADIO networks AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS .2. NETWORK SET-UP TIME AND DATA RATE

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION systems 1995年第1期8卷 49-63页

作者： POND, LC LI, VOK Communication Sciences Electrical Engineering Systems University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089-2565 U.S.A. Lawrence C. Pond received the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the University of Southern California in 1983 and 1990 respectively. Dr. Pond is currently a scientist at Hughes Space and Communications Company having joined in 1980. He has worked in the fields of communication system design mobile communication network and spacecraft payload design. He is currently working on the development of satellite-based ATM transport and switching architectures for BISDN and Defense Information System Network amlications. Dr. Pond is a member of IEEE. Victor O. K. Li was born in Hong Kong in 1954. He received his SB SM and Sc.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts in 1977 1979 and 1981 respectively. Since February 1981 he has been with the University of Southern California (USC) LOS Angeles California where he is Professor of Electrical Engineering and Director of the USC Communication Sciences Institute. He has published 150 technical papers and has lectured and consulted extensively around the world. His research interests include high-speed communication networks personal communication networks intelligent networks distributed databases queueing theory graph theory and applied probability. Dr. Li is very active in the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) having been a member of the Computer Communications Technical Committee since 1983 and having served as Chairman from 1987–1989. He served as Chairman of the Los Angeles Chapter of the IEEE Information Theory Group from 1983–1985. He is the Steering Committee Chair of the International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (IC3 N) General Chair of the 1st Annual IC3N held in San Diego California in June 1992 General Chair and Technical Program Chair of the 4th IEEE Workshop on Comp

In this, the second part of a two-part paper, the required time for establishing a mobile packet radio network using the virtual circuit and time division multiple access protocol developed in Part 1 is analysed. Tools are developed to determine the virtual circuit and network set-up times in terms of the channel bandwidth allocated to establish and maintain the network. The tools are then extended to include the effects of user mobility. Then these results are combined with the network capacity results of Part 1 to analyse the trade-off between the data rate and set-up time of the network. Next a hierarchical architecture is proposed and the network data rate versus set-up time trade-off of this architecture is analysed using these tools. This architecture is shown to both provide a higher data rate and establish faster than flat networks of the same number of nodes.

关键词： PACKET RADIO NETWORK EPLRS distributed NETWORK TDMA VIRTUAL CIRCUITS MULTIHOP NETWORK BOUNDED DELAY MOBILITY NETWORK SET-UP TIME HIERARCHICAL NETWORK NETWORK DATA RATE

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