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作者： Fagerholm, Fabian Ikonen, Marko Kettunen, Petri Münch, Jürgen Roto, Virpi Abrahamsson, Pekka Department of Computer Science University of Helsinki P.O. Box 68 HelsinkiFI-00014 Finland School of Arts Design and Architecture Aalto University P.O. Box 31000 Aalto00076 Finland Faculty of Computer Science Free University of Bozen-Bolzano Piazza Domenicani 3 Bolzano Italy

Context Companies increasingly strive to adapt to market and ecosystem changes in real time. Gauging and understanding team performance in such changing environments present a major challenge. Objective This paper aims to understand how software developers experience the continuous adaptation of performance in a modern, highly volatile environment using Lean and Agile software development methodology. This understanding can be used as a basis for guiding formation and maintenance of high-performing teams, to inform performance improvement initiatives, and to improve working conditions for software developers. Method A qualitative multiple-case study using thematic interviews was conducted with 16 experienced practitioners in five organisations. Results We generated a grounded theory, Performance Alignment Work, showing how software developers experience performance. We found 33 major categories of performance factors and relationships between the factors. A cross-case comparison revealed similarities and differences between different kinds and different sizes of organisations. Conclusions Based on our study, software teams are engaged in a constant cycle of interpreting their own performance and negotiating its alignment with other stakeholders. While differences across organisational sizes exist, a common set of performance experiences is present despite differences in context variables. Enhancing performance experiences requires integration of soft factors, such as communication, team spirit, team identity, and values, into the overall development process. Our findings suggest a view of software development and software team performance that centres around behavioural and social sciences. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Alignment

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Cache aware instruction accurate simulation of a 3-D coastal ocean model on low power hardware

Cache aware instruction accurate simulation of a 3-D coastal...

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International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies, Technologies and Applications (SIMULTECH)

作者： Dominik Schoenwetter Alexander Ditter Vadym Aizinger Balthasar Reuter Dietmar Fey Chair of Computer Science 3 (Computer Architecture) Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Erlangen Germany Chair of Applied Mathematics (AM1) Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Erlangen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781509058945

High level hardware simulation and modeling techniques matured significantly over the last years and have become more and more important in practice, e.g., in the industrial hardware development and automotive domain. Yet, there are many other challenging application areas such as numerical solvers for environmental or disaster prediction problems, e.g., tsunami and storm surge simulations, that could greatly profit from accurate and efficient hardware simulation. Such applications rely on complex mathematical models that are discretized using suitable numerical methods, and require a close collaboration between mathematicians and computer scientists to attain desired computational performance on current micro architectures and code parallelization techniques to produce accurate simulation results as fast as possible. This complex and detailed simulation requires a lot of time during preparation and execution. Especially the execution on non-standard or new hardware may be challenging and potentially error prone. In this paper, we focus on a high level simulation approach for determining accurate runtimes of applications using instruction accurate modeling and simulation. We extend the basic instruction accurate simulation technology from OVP using cache models in conjunction with a statistical cost function, which enables high precision and significantly better runtime predictions compared to the pure instruction accurate approach.

关键词： Hardware Numerical models Computational modeling computer architecture Mathematical model Solid modeling Predictive models

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How do software developers experience team performance in Lean and Agile environments? 14

How do software developers experience team performance in Le...

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18th International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering, EASE 2014

作者： Fagerholm, Fabian Ikonen, Marko Kettunen, Petri Münch, Jürgen Roto, Virpi Abrahamsson, Pekka Department of Computer Science University of Helsinki P.O. Box 68 FI-00014 Helsinki Finland School of Arts Design and Architecture Aalto University P.O. Box 31000 00076 Aalto Finland Faculty of Computer Science Free University of Bozen-Bolzano Piazza Domenicani 3 Bolzano Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781450324762

Context: Companies increasingly strive to adapt to market and ecosystem changes in real time. Evaluating team performance in such changing environments presents a major challenge. Objective: This paper aims to understand how software developers experience performance in a highly volatile environment. This understanding could be used as a basis for guiding formation and maintenance of high-performing teams. Method: A qualitative multiple-case study using thematic interviews was conducted with 16 experienced practitioners in five organisations. Results: We found 33 major categories of performance factors, arranged as a theoretical structure that explains how the subjects experience software team performance. Conclusions: Based on our study, software teams are engaged in a constant cycle of interpreting their performance and aligning it with other stakeholders. Enhancing performance experiences requires integration of soft factors, such as communication, team spirit, and team identity, into the overall development process. Copyright 2014 ACM.

关键词： Software design

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A Parallel-friendly Majority Gate to Accelerate In-memory Computation

A Parallel-friendly Majority Gate to Accelerate In-memory Co...

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International Conference on Application Specific Systems (ASAP), architectures and Processors

作者： John Reuben Stefan Pechmann Chair of Computer Science 3 - Hardware Architecture Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Erlangen Germany Chair of Communications Electronics Universität Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728171470

ISBN: (纸本)9781728172798

Efforts to combat the ‘von Neumann bottleneck’ have been strengthened by Resistive RAMs (RRAMs), which enable computation in the memory array. Majority logic can accelerate computation when compared to NAND/NOR/IMPLY logic due to it’s expressive power. In this work, we propose a method to compute majority while reading from a transistor-accessed RRAM array. The proposed gate was verified by simulations using a physics-based model (for RRAM) and industry standard model (for CMOS sense amplifier) and, found to tolerate reasonable variations in the RRAMs’ resistive states. Together with NOT gate, which is also implemented in-memory, the proposed gate forms a functionally complete Boolean logic, capable of implementing any digital logic. Computing is simplified to a sequence of READ and WRITE operations and does not require any major modifications to the peripheral circuitry of the array. The parallel-friendly nature of the proposed gate is exploited to implement an eight-bit parallel-prefix adder in memory array. The proposed in-memory adder could achieve a latency reduction of 70% and 50% when compared to IMPLY and NAND/NOR logic-based adders, respectively.

关键词： Logic gates Resistance Sensors Transistors Adders Inverters Delays

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Lower bound sifting for MDDs

Lower bound sifting for MDDs

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International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic

作者： D. Jankovic W. Gunther R. Drechsler Faculty of Electronic Engineering University of Nis Nis Yugoslavia Institute of Computer Science Chair of Computer Architecture Albert Ludwig University Freiburg im Breisgau Germany

Decision Diagrams (DDs) are a data structure for the representation and manipulation of discrete logic functions often applied in VLSI CAD. Common DDs to represent Boolean functions are Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs). Multiple-valued logic functions can be represented by multiple-valued Decision Diagrams (MDDs). The effiency of a DD representation strongly depends on the variable ordering; the size may vary from linear to exponential. Finding a good ordering is an NP-hard problem that has received considerable attention resulting in many minimization methods. Sifting is the most popular heuristic for dynamic DD minimization. In this paper we give lower bounds for sifting of MDDs. Based on them, both lower bound sifting for MDD minimization and lower bound group sifting for BDD minimization are proposed. By the computation of good lower bounds large parts of the search space can be pruned resulting in very fast computations. This is demonstrated by experimental results.

关键词： Boolean functions Data structures Runtime Logic functions Very large scale integration Minimization methods Binary decision diagrams computer science computer architecture

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Beyond Silos: Next Steps in Research Data Management Report from the 2024 Spring Symposium of FG Datenbanken

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Datenbank-Spektrum 2024年第2期24卷 171-173页

作者： König-Ries, Birgitta Leser, Ulf Seeger, Bernhard Schindler, Sirko Heinz Nixdorf Chair for Distributed Information Systems Friedrich Schiller University Jena Leutragraben 1 Jena07743 Germany Department for Computer Science Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Unter den Linden 6 Berlin10099 Germany Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6 Marburg35032 Germany Mälzerstraße 3-5 Jena07745 Germany

On March 11 and 12, 2024, the Spring Symposium of the GI Fachgruppe Datenbanken took place in Jena. The overarching theme of the meeting was research data management beyond isolated repositories, and it explicitly aimed to foster connections between the FG Datenbanken and the NFDI community. Talks and posters focused on incentives and hurdles for FAIR data management, interoperability and reproducibility, automated Data Engineering, and AI-based user support. © Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Knowledge management

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Performance analysis of optimized smooth handoff in Mobile IP 02

Performance analysis of optimized smooth handoff in Mobile I...

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Proceedings of the ACM International Workshop on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems

作者： Blondia, C. Van den Wijngaert, N. Willems, G. Casals, O. University of Antwerp Dept. Math. and Computer Science Universiteitsplein 1 B-2610 Antwerp Belgium Technical Univ. of Catalonia UPC Dept. Computer Architecture Jordi Girona 1-3 Mòdul. D6 E-08034 Barcelona Spain

ISBN: (纸本)1581136102

Mobile IP allows node mobility involving changes of point-of-attachment to the Internet. In order to reduce the impact on the performance and the signaling overhead, hierarchical mobility management schemes have been introduced. These schemes define protocols that allow movements within a domain to be handled locally, without involvement of the mobile node's home network. In order to reduce more the packet losses during handoff, new schemes have been defined, such as smooth handoff. By storing packets temporarily in the access point after the mobile host has left and forwarding them to the new access point as soon as the mobile has connected to it, it is possible to reduce significantly the packet loss. In this paper we develop an analytical model and a simulation program using OPNET Modeler to evaluate the packet loss and packet delay for UDP streams and the throughput for TCP streams that are involved in a handoff. We show that, in spite of the buffering capabilities of the previous access point, packets may still get lost. The reason for this loss is identified and solutions to this problem are proposed.

关键词： Network protocols

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Lemma: A distributed shared memory with global and local garbage collection

Lemma: A distributed shared memory with global and local gar...

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International Workshop on Memory Management, IWMM 1995

作者： Matthews, David C. J. Sergent, Thierry Le Laboratory for the Foundations of Computer Science Department of Computer Science University of Edinburgh EdinburghEH9 3JZ United Kingdom Laboratoire d'Analyse et d’Architecture des Systèmes du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 7 avenue du Colonel Roche Toulouse Cedex31077 France

ISBN: (纸本)3540603689

Standard ML is an established programming language with a well-understood semantics. Several projects have enriched the language with primitives or constructions for concurrency, among them Poly/ML and LCS. We describe first the previous run-time systems for Poly/ML and LCS and then the development of a new memory management system, LEMMA, which allows parallel programs to be run on networks of workstations. LEMMA provides a distributed shared virtual memory with global garbage collection, and in addition allows each machine to run independent local collections. LEMMA is written as a separate layer from the run-time systems of Poly/ML and LCS and is independent of the object representations and process management schemes used in the languages. We give a description of LEMMA and the results of the execution of some preliminary test programs. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1995.

关键词： Semantics

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Towards Formalization of Enhanced Privacy ID (EPID)-based Remote Attestation in Intel SGX

Towards Formalization of Enhanced Privacy ID (EPID)-based Re...

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Euromicro Symposium on Digital System Design

作者： Muhammad Usama Sardar Do Le Quoc Christof Fetzer Chair of Systems Engineering Institute of Systems Architecture Faculty of Computer Science Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728195353

ISBN: (纸本)9781728195360

Vulnerabilities in privileged software layers have been exploited with severe consequences. Recently, Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) based technologies have emerged as a promising approach since they claim strong confidentiality and integrity guarantees regardless of the trustworthiness of the underlying system software. In this paper, we consider one of the most prominent TEE technologies, referred to as Intel Software Guard Extensions (SGX). Despite many formal approaches, there is still a lack of formal proof of some critical processes of Intel SGX, such as remote attestation. To fill this gap, we propose a fully automated, rigorous, and sound formal approach to specify and verify the Enhanced Privacy ID (EPID)-based remote attestation in Intel SGX under the assumption that there are no side-channel attacks and no vulnerabilities inside the enclave. The evaluation indicates that the confidentiality of attestation keys is preserved against a Dolev-Yao adversary in this technology. We also present a few of the many inconsistencies found in the existing literature on Intel SGX attestation during formal specification.

关键词： Software Cryptography Computational modeling Protocols Privacy Testing

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Evaluation of biological deployable systems

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International Journal of Space Structures 2005年第4期20卷 189-200页

作者： Hachem, Caroline Karni, Eyal Hanaor, Ariel Department of Building Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science Concordia 1515 Sainte-Catherine St W Montreal Qué. H3G2W1 Canada Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning Technion Haifa 32000 Israel National Building Research Institute Technion Haifa 32000 Israel

The paper presents a survey of deployable structural systems found in some biological organisms. Four biological systems are presented and analysed in terms of their morphology, kinematics and structural characteristics. This presentation is followed by an evaluation of the similarity of the biological systems with existing deployable structures and of potential applications. The four biological systems surveyed are two types of insect wings - Coleoptera (beetles) and locust;locomotion of the earthworm;and the jaw of the egg eater snake (Dasypeltis). These systems represent a diversity of deployable mechanisms. The paper concludes by associating the surveyed and other biological systems with known deployable structural systems such as: folded plates, tensioned membrane, pneumatic tubes (pneus) and structures composed of articulated rigid members.

关键词： Biological materials

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