This paper presents results of speaker recognition experiments using short Polish sentences. We developed and analyzed various vector quantization representations in order to first maximize identification effectivenes...
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This paper presents results of speaker recognition experiments using short Polish sentences. We developed and analyzed various vector quantization representations in order to first maximize identification effectiveness and second to compare VQ (vector quantization) and GMM (Gaussian mixture model) approaches. For the research and experiments we created and exploited database, containing specially prepared short speech sequences.
This paper reports results of experiments carried out in relation with the research devoted to creation and maintenance of a database of telephone calls to emergency services. This database is comprised of concise but...
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This paper reports results of experiments carried out in relation with the research devoted to creation and maintenance of a database of telephone calls to emergency services. This database is comprised of concise but unambiguous information about all contained emergency calls and of tools for efficient data searching. We present the tools for real-time data registration, off-line metadata preparation, and searching of particular telephone calls. The environment setup, the database architecture, and proper equipment are also described.
In this paper sliding mode control (SMC) of a hoisting crane is considered. The proposed control method employs a time-varying switching line which moves with a constant velocity and a constant angle of inclination to...
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In this paper sliding mode control (SMC) of a hoisting crane is considered. The proposed control method employs a time-varying switching line which moves with a constant velocity and a constant angle of inclination to the origin of the error state space. Then, it stops moving and remains fixed. Since at the initial time the line consists of these points in the error state space which represent initial conditions of the system, the reaching phase is eliminated. As a consequence, the considered system is insensitive with respect to external disturbance and model uncertainty from the very beginning of the control action. Furthermore, the proposed method ensures the monotonic error convergence to zero and it guarantees the minimization of the integral of the time multiplied by the absolute error (ITAE) with acceleration and velocity constraints. The proposed control method is verified with two experimental tests for the laboratory model of industrial crane. The experimental results presented in the paper confirm that practical application of the proposed SMC strategy gives favourable dynamic performance of the system and ensures its good robustness.
The development of applications for embedded sensor actor networks involves two major challenges: one of them is the communication between a diversity of widespread resource constraint nodes. The other one is the infr...
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The development of applications for embedded sensor actor networks involves two major challenges: one of them is the communication between a diversity of widespread resource constraint nodes. The other one is the infrastructure dynamics. Web service based Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) would perfectly meet such unique characteristics of embedded networks and ease the development of applications. Standardized Web services, however, process usually plain XML messages which are not suitable for small embedded devices with very limited resources due to XML's verbosity, its bandwidth usage, and its associated processing overhead. The paper addresses these issues and describes an innovative source code generation technique by means of W3C's Efficient XML Interchange (EXI) format for developing XML-based Web services for microcontrollers. This offers developers a seamless use of the wide-spreadWeb service protocols in the embedded domain. First evaluation results prove the applicability of the generated XML-basedWeb services on microcontroller-based devices.
On current automation systems a device failure might lead to significant down times of a plant as well as man power to replace and - more important - to setup the replacement device. Since the physical replacement can...
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On current automation systems a device failure might lead to significant down times of a plant as well as man power to replace and - more important - to setup the replacement device. Since the physical replacement can't be circumvented, the setup procedure could be automatized as much as possible. This paper shows an approach based on a new automation system designed as a service-oriented architecture (SOA). Advantages of this service-orientation for the automation environment are described in detail. The presented choreography of services yields to a flexible, dynamic and scalable system like it is well known for today's distributed, information technologysystems - e.g. grid computing. This approach is applied to the self-configuration scenario as a demonstration of the benefits and chances, which could be achieved by modeling automation systems based on the SOA principle. A prototype realizes the presented service-choreography using real-world's automation components.
The “Model Reference Adaptive control (MRAC)” is a popular approach from the early nineties to our days. Its basic idea is the application of proper feedback that makes the behavior of the controlled system identica...
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The “Model Reference Adaptive control (MRAC)” is a popular approach from the early nineties to our days. Its basic idea is the application of proper feedback that makes the behavior of the controlled system identical to that of the “reference model” that normally is simple enough to control. The idea has many particular variants with the common feature that they are designed by the use of Lyapunov's 2 nd (“direct”) method that normally applies a quadratic Lyapunov function constructed of the tracking error and further additional terms. Though this approach normally guarantees global asymptotic stability, its use can entail complicated tuning that may have disadvantages whenever very fast applications are needed. In this paper an alternative problem tackling, the application of “Robust Fixed Point Transformations (RFPT)” in the MRAC technique is recommended. This approach applies strongly saturated, multiplicative nonlinear terms causing a kind of “deformation” of the input of the available imprecise system model. Instead parameter tuning that is typical in the traditional MRAC it operates with a simple convergence guaranteed only within a local basin of attraction. This technique can well compensate the simultaneous consequences of modeling errors and external disturbances that normally can “fob” the more traditional, tuning based approaches. As a potential application paradigm the novel MRAC control of a “cart - beam - hamper” system is considered. The conclusions of the paper are illustrated by simulation results.
This paper investigates dynamic stability and control design of modern electric energy systems as many MW-scale distributed generators (DG) of various types are deployed in the distribution side of electric systems. T...
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This paper investigates dynamic stability and control design of modern electric energy systems as many MW-scale distributed generators (DG) of various types are deployed in the distribution side of electric systems. The paper is mainly concerned about small-signal frequency stability of distribution systems with decentralized or centralized controlsystems. The Gerschgorin Circle Theory and Hicks Stability Theory are used for verifying sufficient conditions for small-signal stability. The paper also discusses about designing advanced enhancing robustness methods to ensure both safety and stability of modern distribution systems. Finally, the paper closes with a discussion of policies needed to support large penetration of DG units in distribution systems to ensure safety and robustness of the system.
Abstract A nonlinear controller for rigid manipulators is proposed in this paper. The controller is based on equations of motion arising from decomposition of the manipulator mass matrix and contains a vector of gener...
Abstract A nonlinear controller for rigid manipulators is proposed in this paper. The controller is based on equations of motion arising from decomposition of the manipulator mass matrix and contains a vector of generalized velocity components (GVC). It is shown that dynamics description in terms of the GVC gives an further insight into the system dynamics which is also available if the presented controller is used. The theoretical considerations are illustrated by simulation on a 3 d.o.f. spatial manipulator.
Abstract In this paper a tracking controller expressed in terms of the quasi-velocities for rigid manipulators described by the Poincaré equations in a matrix form is proposed. The quasi-velocities introduced by ...
Abstract In this paper a tracking controller expressed in terms of the quasi-velocities for rigid manipulators described by the Poincaré equations in a matrix form is proposed. The quasi-velocities introduced by Hurtado (2004) are based on Cholesky decomposition of the system inertia matrix. Using the proposed, exponentially convergent, controller it is possible to recognize some dynamic features of the system and at the same time to ensure the velocity control. It is shown that the presented approach can be helpful for reduction of nonlinearities existing in the manipulator in its design phase. The control strategy was tested in simulation on a 3 d.o.f. spatial manipulator.
A globally stabilizing controller in terms of the normalized quasi-velocities (NQV) for the cart-pendulum system is considered in this note. Introducing the NQV vector together with generalized coordinates leads to fi...
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A globally stabilizing controller in terms of the normalized quasi-velocities (NQV) for the cart-pendulum system is considered in this note. Introducing the NQV vector together with generalized coordinates leads to first-order differential equations with the identity mass matrix of the system. The proposed NQV controller, based on an energy approach, ensures balancing the inverted pendulum and bringing it to its upper equilibrium position. At the same time the cart displacement tends to zero. Some differences between the modified controller and the classical one given by Lozano et al. (2000) were discussed too.
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