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German Microwave Conference

作者： Marco Mütze Petr Schaffer Armin Bakkal Michael Bärhold João Vítor Possamai de Menezes Peter Birkholz Dirk Plettemeier Chair of Radio Frequency and Photonics Engineering Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering TU Dresden Germany Chair of Speech Technology and Cognitive Systems Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering TU Dresden Germany

ISBN: (数字)9783982039749

ISBN: (纸本)9798331521790

This paper presents the design of an ultra-wideband (UWB) sub-nanosecond equivalent time sampling (ETS) receiver. It has been developed as a part of a novel silent speech radar application working at frequencies between 500 MHz and 5 GHz. The system is based on commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) components such as a programmable delay chip (PDC), track and hold amplifier (THA) and an analog to digital converter (ADC). The receiver system has been fabricated on PCB, optimized and tested. The resulting system accepts a LVPECL sampling clock up to 250 MHz and features an analog input bandwidth of 5 GHz and an equivalent sampling rate of up to 100 GS/s.

关键词： Receivers Bandwidth Radar tracking Microwave amplifiers Delays Ultra wideband radar Analog-digital conversion Clocks

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Optimal Access Point Centric Clustering for Cell-Free Massive MIMO Using Gaussian Mixture Model Clustering

IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and ...

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IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and Networking 2024年 2卷 675-687页

作者： Biswas, Pialy Mallik, Ranjan K. Letaief, Khaled B. Technische Universität Dresden Vodafone Chair Mobile Communications Systems Dresden01062 Germany Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Department of Electrical Engineering New Delhi Hauz Khas110016 India The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering New Territories Hong Kong

This paper proposes a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) based access point (AP) clustering technique in cell-free massive MIMO (CFMM) communication systems. The APs are first clustered on the basis of large-scale fading coefficients, and the users are assigned to each cluster depending on the channel gain. As the number of clusters increases, there is a degradation in the overall data rate of the system, causing a trade-off between the cluster number and average rate per user. To address this problem, we present an optimization problem that optimizes both the upper bound on the average downlink rate per user and the number of clusters. The optimal number of clusters is intuitively determined by solving the optimization problem, and then grouping the APs and users. As a result, the computation expense is much lower than the current techniques, since the existing methods require evaluations of the network performance in multiple iterations to find the optimal number of clusters. In addition, we analyze the performance of both balanced and unbalanced clustering. Numerical results will indicate that the unbalanced clustering yields a superior rate per user while maintaining a lower level of complexity compared to the balanced one. Furthermore, we investigate the statistical analysis of the spectral efficiency (SE) per user in the clustered CFMM. The findings reveal that the SE per user can be approximated by the logistic distribution. © 2023 CCBY.

关键词： Fading channels

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Machine Learning in Society: Prospects, Risks, and Benefits

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Philosophy and Technology 2024年第3期37卷 99页

作者： Farina, Mirko Pedrycz, Witold Institute for Digital Economy & amp Artificial Systems [IDEAS] Xiamen University and Lomonosov Moscow State University Departament of Technical Sciences Western Caspian University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Canada Chair Computational Intelligence IEEE Life Fellow University of Alberta

Machine Learning (ML) is revolutionizing the functioning of our societies and reshaping much of the economic tissue underlying them. The deep integration of ML into the fabric of our lives has changed to way we work and communicate and how we relate to each other. In this Topical Collection we reflect on the reach and impact of this AI (ML-driven) revolution in our society, critically analyzing some of the most important ethical, epistemological, scientific, and sociological issues underlying it. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2024.

关键词： Applications Artificial intelligence [AI] Machine learning [ML] Our future Risks and benefits Society

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Normative Safety Regulations for Collaborative Robots

Normative Safety Regulations for Collaborative Robots

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IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration

作者： Laura Geiger J. Rogelio Guadarrama-Olvera Gordon Cheng Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Chair for Cognitive Systems Technische Universität München Munich Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798331531614

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531621

Collaborative robots (cobots) are designed to operate alongside humans in shared workspaces, enhancing efficiency and flexibility. Like all machines and robots, they are regulated by the EU Machinery Regulation and must bear the CE marking before market introduction. While the regulation provides broad and general safety requirements, harmonized standards such as ISO 12100, ISO 13849, and IEC 62061 offer more specific guidance for achieving safety in machinery design. For industrial robots, ISO 10218 outlines safety requirements, with the technical specification ISO/TS 15066 further addressing unique considerations of collaborative industrial robots. By providing a comprehensive overview of these regulations and standards, this paper aims to guide manufacturers through the critical steps required for achieving legal compliance and ensuring safe market introduction of cobots in Europe.

关键词： Service robots Law ISO Standards Collaborative robots System integration Industrial robots Regulation Safety Machinery Standards

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Soft Sensory Socks Measure Contact Forces During Locomotion

Soft Sensory Socks Measure Contact Forces During Locomotion

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IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration

作者： John Nassour Jan-Erik Hühne Jin-Ho Lee Gordon Cheng Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Chair for Cognitive Systems Technische Universität München Munich Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798331531614

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531621

Gait monitoring systems play a crucial role in guiding rehabilitation, improving athletic performance, preventing injuries, and ensuring overall mobility and quality of life. Most of these systems are restricted to specialized setups and require calibrations. We propose a soft sensor design using silicone tubes mounted on the bottom side of socks to measure ground reaction force (GRF) during locomotion. Three sensors were mounted on the socks’ anterior, lateral, and posterior areas on the left and right feet. The sensory socks enable the analysis of gait while walking and running at different speeds while wearing shoes and also barefoot. The proposed soft sensory socks open the door to analyzing locomotion in different environments and also barefoot. Preliminary gait analyses confirm the different gait parameters observed in the biomechanics of barefoot locomotion.

关键词： Legged locomotion Force measurement Soft sensors Force Footwear System integration Gait recognition Monitoring Injuries Foot

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Material-Driven Mechanical Programming of Soft Robotic Tentacles

Material-Driven Mechanical Programming of Soft Robotic Tenta...

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IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration

作者： Yao Lu Asmaa Amraouza Yifei Peng Dan Li John Nassour Gordon Cheng Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Chair for Cognitive Systems Technische Universität München Munich Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798331531614

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531621

Soft robotic grippers with stochastic and topological grasping capabilities can be highly desirable for gentle contact and interaction with fragile objects of various shapes. In this study, we developed soft tentacles using silicon elastomeric material with an embedded pneumatic channel, which generates desirable three-dimensional (3D) curling deformation under pneumatic pressure. Additionally, various ratios and geometrical distributions of two silicon materials, which differ primarily in stiffness, were investigated to determine their effect on grasping efficiency. The tentacle's grasping performance was systematically tested across multiple tentacle designs and grasping strategies. Results showed that optimizing the combination of softer elastomers with stiffer materials significantly improved the tentacle's ability to securely grip and carry loads while maintaining gentle contact with objects (up to 5 kg). The pneumatic tentacle's simple control mechanism and versatility in handling objects of various shapes and sizes offer a low-cost, adaptable solution for future applications in soft robotics.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Shape Deformation Grasping Elastomers System integration Soft robotics Skin Silicon Filling

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Key Exchange in the Quantum Era: Evaluating a Hybrid System of Public-Key Cryptography and Physical-Layer Security 59

Key Exchange in the Quantum Era: Evaluating a Hybrid System ...

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59th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and systems, CISS 2025

作者： Staat, Paul Dorpinghaus, Meik Sheikholeslami, Azadeh Paar, Christof Fcllwcis, Gerhard Goeckel, Dennis Max Planck Institute for Security and Privacy Bochum Germany Technische Universität Dresden Vodafone Chair Mobile Communications Systems Dresden Germany Suffolk University Math and Computer Science Department Boston United States University of Massachusetts Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering Amherst United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331513269

Today's information society relies on cryptography to achieve security goals such as confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation for digital communications. Here, public-key cryptosystems play a pivotal role to share encryption keys and create digital signatures. However, quantum computers threaten the security of traditional public-key cryptosystems as they can tame computational problems underlying the schemes, i.e., discrete logarithm and integer factorization. The prospective arrival of capable-enough quantum computers already threatens today's secret communication in terms of their long-term secrecy when stored to be later decrypted. Therefore, researchers strive to develop and deploy alternative *** this work, we evaluate a key exchange protocol based on combining public-key schemes with physical-layer security, anticipating the prospect of quantum attacks: If a powerful quantum attacker cannot immediately obtain a private key, legitimate parties have a window of short-term secrecy to perform a physical-layer jamming key exchange (JKE) to establish a long-term shared secret. Thereby, the protocol constraints the computation time available to the attacker to break the employed public-key cryptography. In this paper, we outline the protocol, discuss its security, and point out challenges to be resolved. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Dynamic model of an online programmable textile soft actuator

Dynamic model of an online programmable textile soft actuato...

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IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft)

作者： Ludwig Dellinger John Nassour Gordon Cheng Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Chair for Cognitive Systems Technische Universität Munich Germany

Soft actuators exhibiting versatile behaviors have potential applications in robotics. This paper proposes kinematics, kinetics, and dynamic models of an online-programmable soft actuator. The actuator is composed of four strings and an inflatable textile tube folded inside a housing structure. Each string is controlled by a single DC motor which has an optical encoder. Pulling a string produces bending in one direction, while pulling the four strings in a coordinated manner produces additional motions. With the proposed forward and inverse kinematic model, the actuator was able to follow a desired end-effector trajectory in the Cartesian space. Furthermore, due to the dynamic model, our simulation study shows that the soft actuator can handle external force changes at the end-effector, such as mass changes and friction forces.

关键词： Actuators Kinematics Soft robotics Aerospace electronics Aerodynamics DC motors End effectors

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Machine learning for battery quality classification and lifetime prediction using formation data

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Energy and AI 2024年第4期18卷 518-530页

作者： Jiayu Zou Yingbo Gao Moritz H.Frieges Martin F.Börner Achim Kampker Weihan Li Chair for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Systems Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives(ISEA)RWTH Aachen UniversityCampus-Boulevard 8952074 AachenGermany Center for Ageing Reliability and Lifetime Prediction of Electrochemical and Power Electronic Systems(CARL)RWTH Aachen UniversityCampus-Boulevard 89AachenGermany Department of Computer Science RWTH Aachen University52056 AachenGermany Chair of Production Engineering of E-Mobility Components(PEM) RWTH Aachen UniversityBohr 1252072 AachenGermany Juelich Aachen Research Alliance JARA-EnergyGermany

Accurate classification of battery quality and prediction of battery lifetime before leaving the factory would bring economic and safety ***,we propose a data-driven approach with machine learning to classify the battery quality and predict the battery lifetime before usage only using formation *** extract three classes of features from the raw formation data,considering the statistical aspects,differential analysis,and electro-chemical *** correlation between over 100 extracted features and the battery lifetime is analysed based on the ageing *** learning models are developed to classify battery quality and predict battery lifetime by features with a high correlation with battery *** validation results show that the quality classification model achieved accuracies of 89.74% and 89.47% for the batteries aged at 25℃ and 45℃,***,the lifetime prediction model is able to predict the battery end-of-life with mean per-centage errors of 6.50% and 5.45%for the batteries aged at 25℃ and 45℃,*** work highlights the potential of battery formation data from production lines in quality classification and lifetime prediction.

关键词： Battery Formation Quality classification Life prediction Machine learning

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An Accurate and Hardware-Efficient Dual Spike Detector for Implantable Neural Interfaces

An Accurate and Hardware-Efficient Dual Spike Detector for I...

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2022 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and systems Conference, BioCAS 2022

作者： Guo, Xiaorang Shaeri, MohammadAli Shoaran, Mahsa Institute of Electrical and Micro Engineering Center for Neuroprosthetics Epfl Geneva1202 Switzerland Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technische Universität Dresden Dresden01069 Germany Chair of Computer Architecture and Parallel Systems Technische Universität München Garching85748 Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781665469173

ISBN: (纸本)9781665469173

Spike detection plays a central role in neural data processing and brain-machine interfaces (BMIs). A challenge for future-generation implantable BMIs is to build a spike detector that features both low hardware cost and high performance. In this work, we propose a novel hardware-efficient and high-performance spike detector for implantable BMIs. The proposed design is based on a dual-detector architecture with adaptive threshold estimation. The dual-detector comprises two separate TEO-based detectors that distinguish a spike occurrence based on its discriminating features in both high and low noise scenarios. We evaluated the proposed spike detection algorithm on the Wave Clus dataset. It achieved an average detection accuracy of 98.9%, and over 95% in high-noise scenarios, ensuring the reliability of our method. When realized in hardware with a sampling rate of 16kHz and 7-bits resolution, the detection accuracy is 97.4%. Designed in 65nm TSMC process, a 256-channel detector based on this architecture occupies only 682μm2/Channel and consumes 0.07μW/Channel, improving over the state-of-the-art spike detectors by 39.7% in power consumption and 78.8% in area, while maintaining a high accuracy. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Data handling

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