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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and control, CDC 2024

作者： Zahn, Frederik Kleinert, Tobias Hagenmeyer, Veit Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Germany Rwth Aachen University Chair of Process Control Engineering Aachen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

Differential flatness has been defined in the literature for continuous time dynamical systems and for discrete time systems. We define flatness of automata from the perspective of behavioral systems theory, and synthesize a flatness definition for hybrid automata. These new definitions allow for feedforward trajectory generation for flat hybrid automata. Additionally, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions of hybrid automaton flatness for different types of continuous state constraints and switching conditions, and how to compute whether a hybrid automaton is flat. We illustrate feedforward trajectory generation based on our findings for a robotic manipulator example. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Continuous time systems

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Architecture of Digital Twin for Automating Waste and Recycling Material Sorting process

Architecture of Digital Twin for Automating Waste and Recycl...

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Shreyas Parbat Imam Iqbal Isabell Viedt Leon Urbas Chair of Process Control Systems & Process Systems Engineering Group Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350361230

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361247

Waste and recycling material sorting is crucial for reducing environmental impact and promoting resource recovery. However, its complexity poses significant challenges, necessitating the development of effective sorting processes. Manual operation of these plants can be less efficient than automated systems. The first step toward automation is utilizing a Digital Twin, which combines fundamental principles and data-driven insights into the waste sorting process. To achieve this, the equipment involved in waste sorting plants can be analyzed in detail, focusing on operational settings and their impact on overall efficiency. Initially, a steady-state model of the plant is developed, followed by the implementation of advanced strategies like model predictive control. The model can be rigorously tested and refined using a case study on German post-consumer waste. The architecture of the Digital Twin, comprising various building blocks such as the modeling and simulation block, is being developed to transition away from manual operations. This Digital Twin aims to enhance sorting efficiency through offline and online optimization of operational set points, leading to a more sustainable and resource-efficient future. Through simulations and real-time data integration, a Digital Twin for the waste and recycling material process can aid with process design, fine-tuning, and plant automation.

关键词： process design Predictive models Real-time systems Digital twins Recycling Steady-state Optimization Manufacturing automation Sorting Predictive control

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DMD-Based Model Predictive control for a Coupled PDE-ODE System

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2023年第2期56卷 4258-4263页

作者： Dirk Wolfram Thomas Meurer Chair of Automation and Control Faculty of Engineering Kiel University 24143 Kiel Germany Digital Process Engineering Group Institute for Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) 76187 Karlsruhe Germany

Models resulting from the application of the finite element method (FEM) are usually high dimensional, thus in general preventing the application of optimal control concepts under real-time conditions. In this work a system consisting of the heat equation defined on a 3-dimensional domain with local in-domain thermal actuators is considered, whose modeling results in a coupled PDE-ODE description. Based on simulation data, a data driven reduced order model is determined using the Dynamic Mode Decomposition with control (DMDc). Based on the DMDc model a model predictive control (MPC) approach with state estimator is developed to realize a desired temperture profile on the given domain. The concept is evaluated involving the high-dimensional finite element model as plant model.

关键词： Distributed parameter systems Reduced order model Data-driven control Model predictive control Heat conduction

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Demonstrating Containerization of Model Predictive control for Modular Plants

Demonstrating Containerization of Model Predictive Control f...

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Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (ICPS)

作者： Lucas Vogt Zohra Charania Jonathan Mädler Julius Lorenz Helaleh Badrnoebashar Amy Koch Leon Urbas Process-to-Order Lab TU Dresden Dresden Germany Chair of Process Control Systems TU Dresden Dresden Germany Process Systems Engineering Group TU Dresden Dresden Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350363012

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363029

Model predictive control has the potential to increase yields in the process industry, but its deployment is limited by high computational cost. In multi-purpose, modular plant concepts, it is particularly difficult to predict the whole variety of products for which a specific module will be used throughout its lifespan. During module manufacturing, this results in the challenge of allocating the correct computing, memory, and communication capacities to a module so that a model-predictive control application with currently unknown hardware requirements can be used later. The difficulty of this task often prevents the desirable deployment of model predictive control in production environments. The aim of this publication is therefore to demonstrate a simplified deployment and reconfiguration of model predictive control applications for modular plants through containerization. After an overview of the current state of the art, we present the underlying automation architecture based on modular plant concepts combined with a cloud-like automation approach enabled by containerization of the control applications. The feasibility of the chosen approach is demonstrated by implementing a proof-of-concept demonstrator. Subsequently, lessons learned from the demonstrator are discussed and future improvement potentials are identified, which will be the subject of future research.

关键词： Industries Automation Memory management Production Software Hardware Manufacturing

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Operation Strategies for Modular Large-Scale Alkaline Electrolysis Systems

Operation Strategies for Modular Large-Scale Alkaline Electr...

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IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)

作者： Hannes Lange Christioph Schirmer Michael Mock Isabell Viedt Anselm Klose Leon Urbas Process Systems Engineering Group TUD Dresden University of Technology Dresden Germany Chair of Process Control Systems TUD Dresden University of Technology Dresden Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798331527471

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527488

In this paper we compare different operation strategies for alkaline electrolyzis (AEL) systems using numeric simulation. We derived general models for mass and energy balances from literature and composed them into a model for an AEL system. Here we considered a numbered-up plant topology, containing multiple AEL stacks with single electrolyte distribution and gas separation systems. The gas impurities and achievable minimal load distribution were compared for the different operating strategies. The results were discussed and further conclusions for the operation of a homogeneous numbered-up AEL system were derived.

关键词： Impurities Electrolytes Numerical models Topology Electrochemical processes Informatics Load modeling

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A Prototype for Navigation in Signed Directed Graphs of Chemical processes

A Prototype for Navigation in Signed Directed Graphs of Chem...

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Nazanin Hamedi Julia Richter Bernhard Schrank Eric Lischinski Jiaxin Chen Xiaoyu Sun Anselm Klose Leon Urbas DFG RTG Conducive Design of Cyber Physical Systems TU Dresden Dresden Germany Chair of Process Control Systems TU Dresden Dresden Germany Chair of Process Control Systems Process-to-Order Lab TU Dresden Dresden Germany Process Control Systems & Process Systems Engineering TU Dresden Dresden Germany

Signed Directed Graphs (SDGs) are among the very beneficial, and well-known tools for fault diagnosis in chemical process plants. Based on the size of the process plant, their corresponding SDGs can be very large in size; and therefore, significantly difficult to navigate. Besides that, the recent advancement in semantic description of process structures and intelligent process and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs), has led to the development of several computer tools for navigating in a process plant structure and examining the connectivity of different process equipment to each other. In this study a prototype for an intelligent P&ID, in which the SDG is considered to help the user understand the influence of process parameters on each other is developed. Requirements were derived and implemented as a click prototype, using Axure RP. The evaluation results indicate that despite the high understandability of the prototype, the cognitive efforts for linking the information derived from the SDG with the plant’s P&ID scheme are still too high for achieving a good overall usability.

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Online Model-Adaptation for an Uncertain Liquid-Liquid Mixer System

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2025年第1期59卷 181-186页

作者： Daniel Topalovic Chrysoula Bliatsiou Jörn Villwock Matthias Kraume Steffi Knorn Technische Universität Berlin Chair of Control Hardenberstraße 36a 10623 Berlin Germany Technische Universität Berlin Chair of Chemical and Process Engineering Marchstr. 23 / Ackerstr. 76 10587 Berlin Germany

In this paper, a practical modeling approach for a batch-operated, stirred reactor is investigated that shows significant deviations in system behavior to the same actuation applied over multiple batches. Starting from an easily identifiable, sub-optimal, linear dynamical model to describe the basic dynamic behavior of the system, an augmented model reformulation is defined. This is used to model observed, nonlinear drift effects and static differences that can be seen in the system response over multiple batches, which can finally be estimated using an extended Kalman filter (EKF). The quality of this adaptive model approach that can be used in an online fashion is further assessed using a prediction error for all performed experiments.

关键词： identification adaptation parameter estimation process estimation chemical industry

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Feedforward control of flat hybrid automata: a behavioral systems theory approach

Feedforward control of flat hybrid automata: a behavioral sy...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and control

作者： Frederik Zahn Tobias Kleinert Veit Hagenmeyer Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany Chair of Process Control Engineering RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350316339

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316346

关键词： Discrete-time systems Sufficient conditions Automata Switches Manipulators control systems Hybrid power systems Trajectory Feedforward systems Dynamical systems

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On Identifiability and Model Validation of a Population Balance Model for Liquid-Liquid-Mixing ⁎

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2025年第1期59卷 187-192页

作者： Terrance Wilms Daniel Topalovic Chrysoula Bliatsiou Jörn Villwock Matthias Kraume Andreas Bück Steffi Knorn Chair of Control Fak. III Technische Universität Berlin Germany Chair of Chemical and Process Engineering Fak. III Technische Universität Berlin Germany Institute of Particle Technology Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Germany

In this paper, liquid-liquid-mixer systems modelled by population balance equations are considered. As the control input / manipulated variable, the stirrer speed (and hence the energy dissipation rate) is used to control the distribution of the particle size. Three different measurement signals are considered. We investigate the observability and identifiability of the system for each measurement option and show that only in one scenario the model is observable and structurally identifiable. Further, it is shown that in this scenario, practical identifiability is generally challenging and particular care must be taken to ensure the model with identified parameter values is able to describe the dynamic behaviour of the system.

关键词： process control Identifiability Observability Population Balance Equation Model Liquid/Liquid-Mixer Systems

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Mapping of Standardized State Machines to Utilize Machine Learning Models in process control Environments 1

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Workshop on Impact and Opportunities of Artificial Intelligence in the Steel Industry, 2020

作者： Grothoff, Julian Kleinert, Tobias RWTH Aachen University Chair of Process Control Engineering Turmstr. 46 Aachen52064 Germany

ISBN: (数字)9783030693671

ISBN: (纸本)9783030693664

Digitalization is a driving force for new applications of artificial intelligence in the industrial context. In the last decade new and optimized machine learning methods, tools and corresponding Hardware became available. But their utilization in industrial applications is very challenging, due to different requirements and conditions. In order to bridge that gap, trained machine learning algorithms need to be integrated in current control system environments, which implies a setup of the application program based on components of similar interfaces and a standardized behavior. Hence, a mapping of well-known and broadly applied state machines, such as the ANSI/ISA-88 (also known as PackML) states and modes for batch control, to generic interactions of reinforcement learning algorithms is presented in this contribution. Additionally, a simplistic proof of concept using reinforcement learning in a simulation of a coil transport system for cold rolling steel mills is shown. Moreover, the interaction of a reinforcement learning agent with its standardized state machines is described for learning and interference phases. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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