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Delays in Model Reduction of Chemical Reaction Networks

IFAC-PapersOnLine 2018年第14期51卷 100-105页

作者： Lipták, György Hangos, Katalin M. Process Control Research Group Systems and Control Laboratory Computer and Automation Research Institute Hungarian Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 63 BudapestH-1518 Hungary Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems University of Pannonia Veszprém Hungary

A novel engineering model reduction method is proposed in this paper that can be applied to a chemical reaction network (CRN) with chains of linear reactions. The reduced model is a delayed CRN with possibly different delays but with less state variables than the original model. As the first step of the model reduction, a decomposition method is also developed to transform chains with joint reactions into independent chains of linear reactions. The well known example of McKeithan's network is used as a case study to illustrate the basic concepts and the design method. © 2018

关键词： Reduction

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Architecture of Digital Twin for Automating Waste and Recycling Material Sorting process

Architecture of Digital Twin for Automating Waste and Recycl...

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Shreyas Parbat Imam Iqbal Isabell Viedt Leon Urbas Chair of Process Control Systems & Process Systems Engineering Group Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350361230

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361247

Waste and recycling material sorting is crucial for reducing environmental impact and promoting resource recovery. However, its complexity poses significant challenges, necessitating the development of effective sorting processes. Manual operation of these plants can be less efficient than automated systems. The first step toward automation is utilizing a Digital Twin, which combines fundamental principles and data-driven insights into the waste sorting process. To achieve this, the equipment involved in waste sorting plants can be analyzed in detail, focusing on operational settings and their impact on overall efficiency. Initially, a steady-state model of the plant is developed, followed by the implementation of advanced strategies like model predictive control. The model can be rigorously tested and refined using a case study on German post-consumer waste. The architecture of the Digital Twin, comprising various building blocks such as the modeling and simulation block, is being developed to transition away from manual operations. This Digital Twin aims to enhance sorting efficiency through offline and online optimization of operational set points, leading to a more sustainable and resource-efficient future. Through simulations and real-time data integration, a Digital Twin for the waste and recycling material process can aid with process design, fine-tuning, and plant automation.

关键词： process design Predictive models Real-time systems Digital twins Recycling Steady-state Optimization Manufacturing automation Sorting Predictive control

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Performance behavior of prediction filters for respiratory motion compensation in radiotherapy

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Current Directions in Biomedical engineering 2017年第2期3卷 429-432页

作者： Jöhl, Alexander Berdou, Yannick Guckenberger, Matthias Klöck, Stephan Meboldt, Mirko Zeilinger, Melanie Tanadini-Lang, Stephanie Daners, Marianne Schmid Product Development Group Zurich Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering ETH Zurich Tannenstrasse 3 Zurich 8092 Switzerland Institute for Dynamic Systems and Control Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering ETH Zurich Switzerland Department of Radiation Oncology University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich Switzerland

Introduction: In radiotherapy, tumors may move due to the patient’s respiration, which decreases treatment accuracy. Some motion mitigation methods require measuring the tumor position during treatment. Current available sensors often suffer from time delays, which degrade the motion mitigation performance. However, the tumor motion is often periodic and continuous, which allows predicting the motion ahead. Method and Materials: A couch tracking system was simulated in MATLAB and five prediction filters selected from literature were implemented and tested on 51 respiration signals (median length: 103 s). The five filters were the linear filter (LF), the local regression (LOESS), the neural network (NN), the support vector regression (SVR), and the wavelet least mean squares (wLMS). The time delay to compensate was 320 ms. The normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) was calculated for all prediction filters and respiration signals. The correlation coefficients between the nRMSE of the prediction filters were computed. Results: The prediction filters were grouped into a low and a high nRMSE group. The low nRMSE group consisted of the LF, the NN, and the wLMS with a median nRMSE of 0.14, 0.15, and 0.14, respectively. The high nRMSE group consisted of the LOESS and the SVR with both a median nRMSE of 0.34. The correlations between the low nRMSE filters were above 0.87 and between the high nRMSE filters it was 0.64. Conclusion: The low nRMSE prediction filters not only have similar median nRMSEs but also similar nRMSEs for the same respiration signals as the high correlation shows. Therefore, good prediction filters perform similarly for identical respiration patterns, which might indicate a minimally achievable nRMSE for a given respiration pattern. © 2017 Alexander Jöhl et al., published by De Gruyter.

关键词： Time delay

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Robust Stabilization of T-S Fuzzy Stochastic Descriptor systems via Integral Sliding Modes

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CYBERNETICS 2018年第9期48卷 2736-2749页

作者： Li, Jinghao Zhang, Qingling Yan, Xing-Gang Spurgeon, Sarah K. Institute of Systems Science State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University Shenyang China Instrumentation Control and Embedded Systems Research Group School of Engineering and Digital Arts University of Kent Canterbury U.K. Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University College London London U.K.

This paper addresses the robust stabilization problem for T-S fuzzy stochastic descriptor systems using an integral sliding mode control paradigm. A classical integral sliding mode control scheme and a nonparallel distributed compensation (Non-PDC) integral sliding mode control scheme are presented. It is shown that two restrictive assumptions previously adopted developing sliding mode controllers for Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy stochastic systems are not required with the proposed framework. A unified framework for sliding mode control of T-S fuzzy systems is formulated. The proposed Non-PDC integral sliding mode control scheme encompasses existing schemes when the previously imposed assumptions hold. Stability of the sliding motion is analyzed and the sliding mode controller is parameterized in terms of the solutions of a set of linear matrix inequalities which facilitates design. The methodology is applied to an inverted pendulum model to validate the effectiveness of the results presented.

关键词： Integral sliding mode control inverted pendulum nonparallel distributed compensation (Non-PDC) robust stabilization Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy stochastic descriptor systems

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Formal Models for High Performance HMI engineering

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2012年第2期45卷 854-859页

作者： Leon Urbas Michael Obst Markus Stöss Chair of Process Control Systems Engineering Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany

Abstract engineering of Human Machine Interfaces for supervisory control in process industries can be characterized as an information integration task. This is particularly true for configural displays that are the core element of high performance HMI. Design and parameterization of these display units requires a large amount of data, usually readily available in the process design databases but missing in the engineering systems for the automation systems. This class of displays also requires further information that is not yet made available in any database or is not formal enough to provide a base for model driven HMI engineering approaches. We therefore designed a formal model of a computer aided engineering system of human-machine-interaction in supervisory control in process industries and added it to a computer aided engineering system to overcome the restrictions of the approach presented in Urbas and Doherr (2011). The model now addresses the abstraction-decomposition space of ecological interfaces by a simple hierarchical HMI level model and a method to efficiently collect information from P&IDs. This allows for task specific assemblies of process data and provides basic means to integrate standard mimics and complex displays. However, because the information integration is the core feature of configural displays, the formal basis for model based HMI engineering needed to be enhanced substantially. This paper presents the resulting core model and a graph-based search algorithm. The algorithm makes it possible to parameterize a certain set of configural displays directly from engineering data.

关键词： Human-machine interface supervisory control model driven software development computer-aided engineering graph theoretic models process automation model driven ecological interface engineering

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Reaction kinetic form for lumped process system models

Reaction kinetic form for lumped process system models

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1st IFAC Workshop on Thermodynamic Foundations of Mathematical systems Theory, TFMST 2013

作者： Hangos, Katalin M. Szederkényi, Gábor Alonso, Antonio A. Department of Systems and Control Laboratory Process Control Research Group Hungarian Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 63 H-1518 Budapest Hungary Process Engineering Group IIM-CSIC C/Eduardo Cabello 6 36208 Vigo Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9783902823403

The class of isotherm lumped process systems with constant overall mass in each of its balance volumes is considered in this paper. It is shown that the convection and transfer mechanisms can be described by a mass action law chemical reaction network (MAL CRN) with only linear kinetics where the in- and outflow terms are represented using the zero complex. This gives rise to a convection and transfer reaction sub-graph that connects atomic complexes consisting of the components in the balance volumes of the system. The real chemical reactions in each of the balance volumes can be described by their own CRNs, where the chemical reaction sub-graphs may be disconnected from the convection and transfer reaction sub-graph when nonlinear reactions occur. In the case of chemical reactions with a finite number of steady state points, the underlying linear dynamical system enables us to construct a dynamically similar linear overall reaction graph for the whole process system. The resulting overall reaction graph can be used for structural stability analysis by applying its graph theoretical properties. Copyright © 2013 IFAC.

关键词： process control

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Concluding remarks

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Lecture Notes in Applied and Computational Mechanics 2008年 36卷 217-219+223-232页

作者： Leine, Remco I. van, de Wouw, Nathan Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering Institute of Mechanical Systems ETH Zurich CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Dynamics and Control Group Department of Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology PO Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands

No abstract available

ISBN: (纸本)9783540769743

No abstract available

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Cost-optimal model predictive scheduling of home appliances

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2017年第1期50卷 3344-3349页

作者： Bálint R. Magyar A. Hangos K.M. Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems Faculty of Information Technology University of Pannonia Veszprém Hungary Process Control Research Group HAS Research Institute for Computer Science and Control Budapest Hungary

A novel heuristic model-based optimal scheduling algorithm is proposed in this paper to operate heating and cooling type home appliances connected to smart grids where the price of the electrical energy is known in advance and temperature constraints are present. The properties and the use of the proposed algorithm are shown using a simple refrigerator model. The accuracy and the computational properties of the proposed method are compared to the schedule generated by the MPT toolbox. The algorithm works well with a relatively short prediction horizon using a fraction of the computing time needed for the MPT-based method. The robustness of the algorithm is also investigated with respect to the load of the refrigerator. It is shown that the designed schedule with an empty refrigerator is always suitable, yet not optimal, for any loaded case. © 2017

关键词： Demand side management Heuristics Model predictive control Scheduling algorithms Smart grids

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Globally stabilizing state feedback control design for Lotka-Volterra systems based on underlying linear dynamics

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2015年第11 11期48卷 1000-1005页

作者： Magyar, Attila Hangos, Katalin M. Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems University of Pannonia Egyetem street 10. Veszprém H-8200 Hungary Process Control Research Group Control and Automation Research Institute HAS Kende street 13-17 BudapestH-1111 Hungary

Using translated X-factorable phase space transformations and nonlinear variable transformations a dynamically similar linear ODE model is associated to the Lotka-Volterra system models with a positive equilibrium point. This enables to use a linear full state feedback controller to stabilize the system in controllable cases, that leaves the open loop equilibrium point unchanged. The linear state feedback controller design problem in the general case has also been formulated to ensure the compartmental property of the closed loop system from which the existence of a diagonal Lyapunov function follows. Further extension has been obtained by using the time re-parametrization transformation defined for quasi-polynomial models. © 2015

关键词： Mathematical transformations Biological systems Closed loop systems controllers Feedback control Linear transformations Lyapunov functions Phase space methods Polynomial approximation Predator prey systems State feedback Diagonal Lyapunov functions Linear state feedback Lotka Volterra models Lotka Volterra systems Nonlinear variables Phase space transformation Positive equilibrium Quasi poly nomial

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OPC UA hardware offloading engine as dedicated peripheral IP core

OPC UA hardware offloading engine as dedicated peripheral IP...

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IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication systems (WFCS)

作者： Chris Paul Iatrou Leon Urbas Technical University of Dresden Chair for Process Control Systems Engineering

OPCUA is a promising candidate for achieving a vertical semantic integration of field devices in the next generation of industrial automation topologies. Microprocessing platforms embedded in sensors and actor do however not provide the memory and computing resources required to integrate OPC UA communication stacks. To enable the usage of OPC UA on limited platforms, this article introduces a dedicated, highly scalable hardware server stack, synthesizable on 75.800 μm 2 using 28 nm CMOS technology as well as FPGAs, that can process OPC UA as a peripheral component.

关键词： Engines Hardware Memory management Servers Fabrics IP networks Protocols

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