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IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation

作者： Johannes Pfeffer Markus Graube Patrick Reipschlaeger Stephan Arndt Leon Urbas Raimund Dachselt Ralph Stelzer Chair of Process Control Systems Engineering Technische Universitat Dresden Interactive Media Lab Dresden Technische Universitat Dresden Chair of Engineering Design and CAD Technische Universitat Dresden

ISBN: (纸本)9781467379304

As Smart Manufacturing, Industrial Internet, Industrie 4.0, and Cyber-Physical Production System (CPPS) are becoming reality, the way process and manufacturing plants are operated has to change. Additionally, these developments - constituting the pervasive digitalisation of industry - have a profound effect on the way human workers and machines interact. This paper contrasts the current state of the art in plant control with a vision for the future. The scenario is illustrated by a realistic problem-solving process in a chemical plant. It describes an integrated industrial information and interaction space that leverages emerging technologies to enable plant operators to remain in control of future flexible modularised process plants. Our approach shows the advantages of an integrated information space which feeds interaction and collaboration using Virtual Reality (VR), novel display technologies and mobile devices.

关键词： Plant control interaction space information space Manufacturing plants chemical plant Leverage DISPLAYING Mobile devices state of the art current status machine Arts Sight

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Service-orientation on behalf of self-configuration for the automation environment

Service-orientation on behalf of self-configuration for the ...

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Annual Conference of Industrial Electronics Society

作者： Henning Mersch Ulrich Epple Christian Kleegrewe Chair for Process Control Engineering RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Corporate Technology Intelligent Autonomous Systems Siemens AG Munich Germany

On current automation systems a device failure might lead to significant down times of a plant as well as man power to replace and - more important - to setup the replacement device. Since the physical replacement can't be circumvented, the setup procedure could be automatized as much as possible. This paper shows an approach based on a new automation system designed as a service-oriented architecture (SOA). Advantages of this service-orientation for the automation environment are described in detail. The presented choreography of services yields to a flexible, dynamic and scalable system like it is well known for today's distributed, information technology systems - e.g. grid computing. This approach is applied to the self-configuration scenario as a demonstration of the benefits and chances, which could be achieved by modeling automation systems based on the SOA principle. A prototype realizes the presented service-choreography using real-world's automation components.

关键词： Automation Service oriented architecture Prototypes Sensors Valves Memory

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State-based control of process services within modular process plants

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Procedia CIRP 2018年 72卷 1088-1093页

作者： Henry Bloch Stephan Hensel Mario Hoernicke Katharina Stark Anna Menschner (neé Hahn) Alexander Fay Leon Urbas Torsten Knohl Jens Bernshausen Institute of Automation Technology Helmut-Schmidt-University Holstenhofweg 85 22043 Hamburg Germany Chair of Process Control Systems and Process Systems Engineering Group Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany ABB Corporate Research Opertions Management Wallstadter Straße 59 68526 Bayer AG 51386 Leverkusen Germany INVITE GmbH 51386 Leverkusen Germany

The modularization of process plants is an approach to cope with the changing requirements of the process industry, such as highly volatile markets and shorter product lifecycles. Each module offers services as encapsulated process functions to the superior control system for the orchestration. These services are controlled in a state-based way. The encapsulation of these services in a reasonable way is a difficult task, because aspects of process and automation engineering must be considered. This contribution introduces an approach for the encapsulation of process functions in services from an automation point of view. Furthermore, the operation modes of modules, services and field devices are discussed. Additionally, possible solutions for the orchestration based on recipe models are introduced. The developed concepts have been tested within a simulation environment.

关键词： Modular process automation Microservices Orchestration State-based control Operating modes Service-oriented architectures

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Moisture distribution in broccoli: measurements by MRI hot air drying experiments

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Procedia Food Science 2011年 1卷 640-646页

作者： X. Jin R.G.M. van der Sman E. Gerkema F.J. Vergeldt H.van As A.J.B.van Boxtel Systems and Control Group Wageningen University P.O.Box 17 6700AA Wageningen The Netherlands Food Process Engineering Group Wageningen University Laboratory for Biofysics Wageningen University

The internal moisture distribution that arise in food products during drying, is a key factor for the retention of quality attributes. To reveal the course of moisture content in a product, internal moisture profiles in broccoli florets are measured by MRI imaging during drying experiments with controlled air flow and temperature. The 3D images concern a matrix size of 64×64×64 elements. Signal intensity is converted to product moisture content with a linear relationship, while taking a minimum detectable moisture content of 0.3 kg water/ kg dry matter into account. Moisture content as a function of time is presented for a 2D cross sectional area in the middle of a broccoli sample. The average moisture contents for the cross sectional area obtained from the MRI imaging are compared with spatial model simulations for the moisture distribution. In that model the effective diffusion coefficient is based on the Free Volume Theory. This theory has the advantage that the changed mobility of water in the product during drying is taken into account and the theory also predicts the moisture transport in the porous broccoli floret. Key parameters for the Free Volume Theory are estimated by fitting to the experimental MRI results and the effective diffusion coefficient is given as a function of the product water content.

关键词： MRI convective drying moisture profiles

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Multivariable controller tuning

Multivariable controller tuning

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1998 American control Conference, ACC 1998

作者： Johansson, Karl H. James, J. Ben Bryant, Greyham F. Åström, Karl J. Department of Automatic Control Lund Institute of Technology Box 118 S-221 00 Lund Sweden Exposure Management Bank of America Elmfield Road Bromley London 113277 United Kingdom Industrial Systems Group Centre for Process Systems Engineering Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine Exhibition Road London SW7 BT United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)0780345304

The problem of tuning individual loops in a multivari-able controller is investigated. It is shown how the performance of a specific loop relates to a row in the controller matrix. Several interpretations of this relation are given. An algorithm is also presented that estimates the model required for the tuning via a relay feedback experiment. The algorithm does not need any prior information about the system or the controller. The results are illustrated by an example. © 1998 AACC.

关键词： controllers

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On Robust control System Design for Plants with Recycle

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2014年第3期47卷 346-351页

作者： O. Taiwo A. Bamimore S. Adeyemo R. King Process Systems Engineering Laboratory Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Measurement and Control Group Institute of Process and Plant Technology Sekr P2-1 Technical University of Berlin Hardenberger Str.36a D-1063 Germany

A direct procedure for deriving the component transfer functions in plants with recycle when mechanistic procedure is used in the mathematical modeling is demonstrated. Multi-loop feedback controllers are then designed for the plants with recycle incorporating recycle compensator and without recycle compensator using internal model control (IMC) parameterization. In general, it is found that controllers parameterized using the recycle compensated plant model result in closed-loop systems with better nominal and robust performance characteristics when implemented on the uncompensated plant model than when its controller is parameterized using the uncompensated plant model. Furthermore, recycle compensated plants result in overall best closed-loop systems when their feedback controllers are parameterized using the compensated plant model.

关键词： Recycle plants recycle compensator multi-loop robust performance robust stability

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Centralized Robust Multivariable controller Design Using Optimization

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2014年第3期47卷 5746-5751页

作者： O. Taiwo S. Adeyemo A. Bamimore R. King Process Systems Engineering Laboratory Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Measurement and Control Group Institute of Process and Plant Technology Sekr P2-1 Technical University of Berlin Hardenberger Str.36a D-1063 Germany

The paper deals with the determination of controller parameters for multivariable systems by means of parameter optimization. In order to reduce the computational burden, the starting point in the optimization is determined through information provided by the feedback controller parameterized using the multivariable internal model controller (IMC) computed from the plant's p/q moment approximant and the original plant's multi-loop controller parameter magnitudes. Thereafter, controller parameter optimization proceeds to completion using the MATLAB optimization toolbox which is widely available. A potency of this technique is that all performance specifications and stipulated constraints are easily accommodated in the problem formulation thus facilitating complete problem solution in one go. The technique has been found to be effective for all plants considered so far and generally produces closed loop systems with favorable characteristics when compared to systems designed by similar methods.

关键词： Centralized controller robust stability and performance optimization moment approximant

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Reaction Kinetic Form for Lumped process System Models

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2013年第14期46卷 48-53页

作者： Katalin M. Hangos Gábor Szederkényi Antonio A. Alonso Process Control Research Group Systems and Control Laboratory Computer and Automation Research Institute Hungarian Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 63 H-1518 Budapest Hungary (Bio)Process Engineering Group IIM-CSIC Spanish National Research Council C/Eduardo Cabello 6 36208 Vigo Spain

The class of isotherm lumped process systems with constant overall mass in each of its balance volumes is considered in this paper. It is shown that the convection and transfer mechanisms can be described by a mass action law chemical reaction network (MAL CRN) with only linear kinetics where the in- and outflow terms are represented using the zero complex. This gives rise to a convection and transfer reaction sub-graph that connects atomic complexes consisting of the components in the balance volumes of the system. The real chemical reactions in each of the balance volumes can be described by their own CRNs, where the chemical reaction sub-graphs may be disconnected from the convection and transfer reaction sub-graph when nonlinear reactions occur. In the case of chemical reactions with a finite number of steady state points, the underlying linear dynamical system enables us to construct a dynamically similar linear overall reaction graph for the whole process system. The resulting overall reaction graph can be used for structural stability analysis by applying its graph theoretical properties.

关键词： process control Chemical variables control Modelling Graph theoretic models Structural stability

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Non-intrusive Time-POD for Optimal control of a Fixed-Bed Reactor for CO 2 Methanation

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2021年第3期54卷 122-127页

作者： Jens Bremer Jan Heiland Peter Benner Kai Sundmacher Max Planck Institute Magdeburg Dpt. Process Systems Engineering Sandtorstraße 2 39106 Magdeburg Germany and Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Chair for Process Systems Engineering Universitätsplatz 2 39106 Magdeburg (Sundmacher) Max Planck Institute Magdeburg Dpt. Computational Methods in Systems and Control Theory and Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Fakultät für Mathematik

The optimization of a controlled process in a simulation without access to the model itself is a common scenario and very relevant to many chemical engineering applications. A general approach is to apply a black-box optimization algorithm to a parameterized control scheme. The success then depends on the quality of the parametrization that should be low-dimensional though rich enough to express the salient features. This work proposes using solution snapshots to extract dominant modes of the temporal dynamics of a process and use them for low-dimensional parametrizations of control functions. The approach is called proper orthogonal decomposition in time (time-POD). We provide theoretical reasoning and illustrate the performance for the optimal control of a methanation reactor.

关键词： Optimal control Model order reduction Proper orthogonal decomposition Fixed-bed reactor Carbon dioxide methanation Nonlinear programming Black-box model

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Integrating industrial middleware in Linked Data collaboration networks

Integrating industrial middleware in Linked Data collaborati...

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Markus Graube Leon Urbas Jan Hladik Chair for Process Control Systems Engineering Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany Faculty of Engineering Baden-WürttembergCooperative State University (DHBW) Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781509013159

Within the Semantic Web field, Linked Data is an emerging technology offering advantages in terms of flexibility and openness also for industrial environments. It provides a powerful information model with simple extension mechanisms and a cross-domain character, which makes it possible to span flexible information spaces across enterprise boundaries. Thus, it is able to represent all facets of a digital plant, like devices and processes. Although developed with the focus on static data, it is also capable of handling dynamic data if the latter is adapted appropriately. This article describes these requirements and presents a concept for integrating process data into the Linked Data information space. A separation between a semantic description of the access to process data and the service providing exactly this information allows efficient and integration-ready access to data. The necessary vocabulary is described as well as the information model. A prototypical implementation of OPC UA integration into Linked Data is presented. The article further discusses the current status of the approach and provides future research challenges.

关键词： Resource description framework Semantics Data models Transient analysis Ontologies Aging

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