Waste and recycling material sorting is crucial for reducing environmental impact and promoting resource recovery. However, its complexity poses significant challenges, necessitating the development of effective sorti...
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In this paper we compare different operation strategies for alkaline electrolyzis (AEL) systems using numeric simulation. We derived general models for mass and energy balances from literature and composed them into a...
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Waste and recycling material sorting is crucial for reducing environmental impact and promoting resource recovery. However, its complexity poses significant challenges, necessitating the development of effective sorti...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350361230
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350361247
Waste and recycling material sorting is crucial for reducing environmental impact and promoting resource recovery. However, its complexity poses significant challenges, necessitating the development of effective sorting processes. Manual operation of these plants can be less efficient than automated systems. The first step toward automation is utilizing a Digital Twin, which combines fundamental principles and data-driven insights into the waste sorting process. To achieve this, the equipment involved in waste sorting plants can be analyzed in detail, focusing on operational settings and their impact on overall efficiency. Initially, a steady-state model of the plant is developed, followed by the implementation of advanced strategies like model predictive control. The model can be rigorously tested and refined using a case study on German post-consumer waste. The architecture of the Digital Twin, comprising various building blocks such as the modeling and simulation block, is being developed to transition away from manual operations. This Digital Twin aims to enhance sorting efficiency through offline and online optimization of operational set points, leading to a more sustainable and resource-efficient future. Through simulations and real-time data integration, a Digital Twin for the waste and recycling material process can aid with process design, fine-tuning, and plant automation.
The scale up of hydrogen production to large scale production systems demands a structured approach to control these systems. With suitable control principles, optimization for operation can be achieved whilst maintai...
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Large-scale water electrolysis systems are built from a multitude of stack units. These stack units have to be controlled during operation. The question arises how processcontrol of the system can be designed in that...
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Model predictive control has the potential to increase yields in the process industry, but its deployment is limited by high computational cost. In multi-purpose, modular plant concepts, it is particularly difficult t...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350363012
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350363029
Model predictive control has the potential to increase yields in the process industry, but its deployment is limited by high computational cost. In multi-purpose, modular plant concepts, it is particularly difficult to predict the whole variety of products for which a specific module will be used throughout its lifespan. During module manufacturing, this results in the challenge of allocating the correct computing, memory, and communication capacities to a module so that a model-predictive control application with currently unknown hardware requirements can be used later. The difficulty of this task often prevents the desirable deployment of model predictive control in production environments. The aim of this publication is therefore to demonstrate a simplified deployment and reconfiguration of model predictive control applications for modular plants through containerization. After an overview of the current state of the art, we present the underlying automation architecture based on modular plant concepts combined with a cloud-like automation approach enabled by containerization of the control applications. The feasibility of the chosen approach is demonstrated by implementing a proof-of-concept demonstrator. Subsequently, lessons learned from the demonstrator are discussed and future improvement potentials are identified, which will be the subject of future research.
In this paper we compare different operation strategies for alkaline electrolyzis (AEL) systems using numeric simulation. We derived general models for mass and energy balances from literature and composed them into a...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798331527471
ISBN:
(纸本)9798331527488
In this paper we compare different operation strategies for alkaline electrolyzis (AEL) systems using numeric simulation. We derived general models for mass and energy balances from literature and composed them into a model for an AEL system. Here we considered a numbered-up plant topology, containing multiple AEL stacks with single electrolyte distribution and gas separation systems. The gas impurities and achievable minimal load distribution were compared for the different operating strategies. The results were discussed and further conclusions for the operation of a homogeneous numbered-up AEL system were derived.
Signed Directed Graphs (SDGs) are among the very beneficial, and well-known tools for fault diagnosis in chemical process plants. Based on the size of the process plant, their corresponding SDGs can be very large in s...
Signed Directed Graphs (SDGs) are among the very beneficial, and well-known tools for fault diagnosis in chemical process plants. Based on the size of the process plant, their corresponding SDGs can be very large in size; and therefore, significantly difficult to navigate. Besides that, the recent advancement in semantic description of process structures and intelligent process and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs), has led to the development of several computer tools for navigating in a process plant structure and examining the connectivity of different process equipment to each other. In this study a prototype for an intelligent P&ID, in which the SDG is considered to help the user understand the influence of process parameters on each other is developed. Requirements were derived and implemented as a click prototype, using Axure RP. The evaluation results indicate that despite the high understandability of the prototype, the cognitive efforts for linking the information derived from the SDG with the plant’s P&ID scheme are still too high for achieving a good overall usability.
Leading space agencies and companies identified the utilization of local resources as foundation for the continuous long-term exploration of the solar system within the Global Exploration Roadmap. In-Situ Resource Uti...
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Leading space agencies and companies identified the utilization of local resources as foundation for the continuous long-term exploration of the solar system within the Global Exploration Roadmap. In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) will be one of the key technologies for sustainable space exploration and habitation missions to Moon, Mars and beyond. Defined production systems based on hydrogen value chains are utilized as essential building blocks to transform the available resources into valuable elements for energy, propulsion, life support or production systems. The current research at TU Dresden addresses the engineering of ISRU systems using a modular plant concept of standardized, interchangeable and reusable modules. The development, production and automation processes are defined based on the existing standards on modular process plants (VDI 2776) and modular automation (VDI/VDE/NAMUR 2658) for terrestrial application. Therein, a module called process Equipment Assembly (PEA) realizes unit operations which are interconnected to form different plant configurations that enable flexible production paths. These standardized architectures and concepts are adapted to the requirements of space utilization. Compared to currently developed highly specialized single use systems, a modular plant approach according to these standards allows the flexible application to different mission requirements and environmental conditions. In advance, modular plants minimize the development effort and risk, lead to a lowered market entry threshold for small and medium-sized enterprises from diverse market sectors and encourage commercial competition between manufacturers. This paper includes initial research work as a foundation for the future development process of modular ISRU process plants. A major input for the holistic development of modular ISRU plants are top-level mission characteristics and derived sub-level requirements. They represent a valuable input for the developme
For various applications, information models described in standards are available to enable a digital data exchange. For modular process plants, where different domains are interacting in different phases of the plant...
For various applications, information models described in standards are available to enable a digital data exchange. For modular process plants, where different domains are interacting in different phases of the plant lifecycle, single, existing standards are not *** this work, we analyze the most relevant standards for processengineering, namely OntoCAPE, DEXPI, and IEC 61512, in regards to their application to support the lifecycle of modular process plants, which are described in the VDI 2776 and VDI/VDE/NAMUR 2658 standards. By challenging the standards with competency questions derived from a specific use case, we discuss which information models are most suitable for all individual domains in each lifecycle phase. The result is the specification of parts of these standards which are needed to create a fully digital support for modular process plants on the example of the introduced use case.
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