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Conversion of solid wastes and natural biomass for deciphering the valorization of biochar in pollution abatement: A review on the thermo-chemical processes

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Chemosphere 2023年第1期339卷 139760页

作者： Chormare, Rishikesh Moradeeya, Pareshkumar G. Sahoo, Tarini Prasad Seenuvasan, Muthulingam Baskar, Gurunathan Saravaia, Hitesh T. Kumar, Madhava Anil Process Design and Engineering Cell CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute Gujarat Bhavnagar364 002 India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Uttar Pradesh Ghaziabad201 002 India Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Marwadi University Gujarat Rajkot360 003 India Analytical and Environmental Science Division & Centralized Instrument Facility CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute Gujarat Bhavnagar364 002 India Department of Chemical Engineering Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology Tamil Nadu Coimbatore641 032 India Department of Biotechnology St. Joseph's College of Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai600 119 India Centre for Rural and Entrepreneurship Development National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research Tamil Nadu Chennai600 113 India

This overview addresses the formation of solid trash and the various forms of waste from a variety of industries, which environmentalists have embraced. The paper investigates the negative effects on the environment caused by unsustainable management of municipal solid trash as well as the opportunities presented by the formal system. This examination looks at the origins of solid waste as well as the typical treatment methods. Pyrolysis methods, feedstock pyrolysis, and lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis were highlighted. Explain in detail the various thermochemical processes that take place during the pyrolysis of biomass. Due to its carbon content, low cost, accessibility, ubiquitousness, renewable nature, and environmental friendliness, biomass waste is a unique biochar precursor. This study looks at the different types of biomass waste that are available for treating wastewater. This study discussed a wide variety of reactors. Adsorption is the standard method that is used the most frequently to remove hazardous organic, dye, and inorganic pollutants from wastewater. These pollutants cause damage to the environment and water supplies, thus it is important to remove them. Adsorption is both simple and inexpensive to utilize. Temperature-dependent conversions explain the kinetic theories of biomaterial biochemical degradation. This article presents a review that explains how pyrolytic breakdown char materials can be used to reduce pollution and improve environmental management. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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Wastewater surveillance of open drains for mapping the trajectory and succession of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in 23 cities of Maharashtra state (India) during June 2022 to May 2023

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Heliyon 2025年第4期11卷 e42534页

作者： Matra, Sejal Ghode, Harshada Rajput, Vinay Pramanik, Rinka Malik, Vinita Rathore, Deepak Kumar, Shailendra Kadam, Pradnya Tupekar, Manisha Kamble, Sanjay Dastager, Syed Bajaj, Abhay Qureshi, Asifa Kapley, Atya Karmodiya, Krishanpal Dharne, Mahesh National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM) Biochemical Sciences Division CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (NCL) Maharashtra Pune 411008 India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Uttar Pradesh Ghaziabad 201002 India Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division (EBGD) CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) Nehru Marg Nagpur 440020 India Department of Biology Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Maharashtra Pune 411008 India Chemical Engineering and Process Development (CEPD) Division CSIR-NationaChemical Laboratory Maharashtra Pune 411008 India Environmental Toxicology Group FEST Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg Lucknow 226001 India

The timely detection of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for controlling its spread, especially in areas vulnerable to outbreaks. However, due to a lack of sustainable and low cost methods, early detection of such outbreaks is impacting low to middle-income countries (LMICs). Leveraging Wastewater-Based Epidemiology (WBE), we examined the dissemination and evolution of the SARS CoV2 virus in open drains across urban, suburban and densely populated cities in selected regions in the state of Maharashtra, the third largest state of India. In the period from June 2022 to May 2023, 44.89 % of SARS-CoV-2 RNA were positive in RT-qPCR in wastewater samples collected from open drains across selected regions. Whole genome sequencing revealed 22 distinct SARS-CoV-2 lineages, with the Omicron variant, followed by the XBB variant, dominating, alongside other variants such as BF, BQ, CH, and BA.2.86, albeit with lower frequencies. Wastewater surveillance provided early insights into viral transmission, complementing clinical surveillance. Notably, our study detected emerging variants prior to clinical reporting, highlighting the potential of WBE for early detection. Findings underscore the correlation between population density and the trend of viral load. This study also highlighted the significance of using open drains for WBE as a low-cost, and sustainable tool, especially in LMICs, where adequate methods are lacking or difficult to deploy for accessibility. © The Authors

关键词： COVID-19 LMIC Open drains SARS-CoV-2 Wastewater-based epidemiology WBE Whole genome sequencing

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Determining photon flux and effective optical path length in intensified flow photoreactors

Nature Chemical Engineering

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Nature chemical engineering 2024年 462-471页

作者： Stefan D. A. Zondag Jasper H. A. Schuurmans Timothy Noël Arnab Chaudhuri Robin P. L. Visser John van der Schaaf Cíntia Soares Natan Padoin Koen P. L. Kuijpers Matthieu Dorbec Flow Chemistry Group Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences Universiteit van Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Sustainable Process Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands Department of Chemical and Food Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil Technology and Engineering Group Janssen Research and Development Beerse Belgium

Photocatalysis for small-molecule activation has advanced considerably over the past decade, yet its scale-up remains challenging in part due to photon attenuation effects. One promising solution lies in combining high photonic intensities with continuous-flow reactor technology, requiring careful understanding of photon transport for successful implementation. Here, to address this, we introduce a characterization approach, starting with radiometric light source analysis, followed by three-dimensional reactor and light source simulation. This strategy, when followed up with chemical actinometry experiments, decouples photon flux quantification and path length determination, substantially curtailing the experimental process. The workflow proves versatile across various reactor systems, simplifying intricate light interactions into a single one-dimensional parameter—the effective optical path length. This parameter effectively characterizes photoreactor setups, irrespective of scale, geometry, light intensity or concentration. Additionally, the proposed workflow provides insight into light source positioning and reactor design, and facilitates experiments at lower concentrations, ensuring representative reactor operation. In essence, our approach provides a thorough, efficient and consistent framework for reactor irradiation characterization.

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Transient Behavior During Start-Up in Counter-Current Flow Through a Pd82-Ag18/Α-Al2o3membrane for Hydrogen Recovery from Gaseous Mixture

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Budhi, Yogi Wibisono Irawan, Hans Kristian Restiawaty, Elvi Miyamoto, Manabu Nishiyama, Norikazu Uemiya, Shigeyuki Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Research Group of Chemical Engineering Process Design and Development Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Mashudi No.1 West Java 45363 Indonesia Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science Faculty of Engineering Gifu University 1-1 Yanagido Gifu501-1193 Japan Division of Chemical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho Toyonaka Osaka560-8531 Japan

This study investigates the recovery of hydrogen from a gaseous mixture of hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide using a counter-current flow through a Pd82-Ag18/α-Al2O3 membrane during start-up period. The objective is to understand the transient behavior of hydrogen permeation through the Pd82-Ag18/α-Al2O3 membrane with focus for binary, ternary, and quaternary mixtures. A (Formula Presented) thick Pd82-Ag18/α-Al2O3membrane was prepared by electroless plating and was supported by an α-Al2O3 tube with a 1.5-mm thickness. Hydrogen separation was performed at a temperature of (Formula Presented) and atmospheric pressure. The membrane was operated for an 8-h period commenced from start-up and the performance of the Pd82-Ag18/α-Al2O3 membrane was measured in terms of hydrogen flux and hydrogen recovery. The results showed a slight membrane deactivation because of the presence of N2 and CO2 in the mixed feed gas, while a pronounced deactivation was observed when CO was a constituent of the feed gas. The effect of the co-existing gases on the hydrogen flux, in increasing order, was CO > CO2 > N2. The co-existing gases, if present as a large fraction in the feed, induces dilution, concentration polarization, and inhibition over the membrane surface, which in turn, decreases the performance of the Pd82-Ag18/α-Al2O3 membrane. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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High-temperature water gas shift: Thermodynamic and reactor modeling study

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3215卷

作者： Yulia Tri Rahkadima Raihan Annisa Fitri Hafis Pratama Rendra Graha Yogi Wibisono Budhi Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung Indonesia 40132 Chemical Engineering Department Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sidoarjo Sidoarjo Indonesia 61218 Research Group of Chemical Engineering Process Design and Development Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung Indonesia 40132 Research Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung Indonesia 40132

The high-temperature water gas shift is essential process to achieve optimum hydrogen in hydrogen production. This study used a thermodynamic approach to thoroughly examine the effects of temperature and feed ratio on CO conversion. The reactor modeling using the FlexPDE program was also carried out to understand the distinctive high-temperature water gas shift in plug flow type. According to the study results, the water gas shift reaction’s equilibrium value and equilibrium conversion decrease as the reaction temperature rises. The presence of other components in feed could reduce the equilibrium conversion value. The optimal input (steam/CO) for the high-temperature water gas shift process is 3–4. The reactor simulation results show that the water gas shift reaction works optimally in non-adiabatic conditions with Qloss lower than 50%. When employing a reactor with a length of 1 meter, the water gas shift reaction operates best between 300 and 400 °C with a residence time of 0.14 seconds.

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A bibliometric review on applications of lignocellulosic fibers in polymeric and hybrid composites: Trends and perspectives

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Heliyon 2024年第19期10卷 e38264页

作者： Santos, Caroliny M. Santos, Thiago F. Rao, H Jeevan Silva, F. Higor V.A. Mavinkere Rangappa, Sanjay Boonyasopon, Pawinee Siengchin, Suchart Souza, D.F.S. Nascimento, J.H.O. Postgraduate Program in Chemical Engineering Technology Center Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Av. Prof. Sen. Salgado Filho 3000 Natal 59072-970 Rio Grande do Norte Brazil Department of Mathematics School of Sciences and Humanities Nazarbayev University Astana 010000 Kazakhstan Natural Composites Research Group Lab Department of Materials and Production Engineering The Sirindhorn International Thai-German School of Engineering (TGGS) King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB) Bangkok Thailand Department of Design Management and Business Development Faculty of Architecture and Design King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB) Bangkok Thailand

Over the past 10 years, materials science and engineering have shown increasing interest in incorporating lignocellulosic fibers into polymer and hybrid composites (LCF-CPH). This bibliometric analysis, covering the period 2012 to 2022, examines the current state of research on the application of these fibers in composites, with the aim of identifying significant contributions, new trends, and possible future directions. The analysis included a comprehensive database search using specific criteria, which revealed a significant increase in research activity on a variety of lignocellulosic fibers, such as flax, jute, hemp and sisal. This growth is particularly evident in the packaging, automotive, aerospace and construction industries. Hybrid composites based on these fibers have gained prominence due to their enhanced properties, which include improvements in mechanical, thermal and environmental characteristics. The findings of this research have significant implications for governments, corporations, and academic institutions. researchers gain a deeper understanding of emerging trends, industry gains valuable insights into the advantages of adopting lignocellulosic fibers, and policymakers gain essential information to support the development of sustainable composites. In the field of advanced composites and sustainable materials, this work lays a solid foundation for future research and industrial applications. © 2024

关键词： Applications Composites Natural fibers Polymers

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Investigation of factors affecting on viscosity reduction of sludge from Iranian crude oil storage tanks

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Petroleum Science 2018年第3期15卷 634-643页

作者： Masoumeh Hassanzadeh Leila Tayebi Hedieh Dezfouli Chemical Process Design Research Group ACECR Faculty of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

Crude oil is a kind of water/oil emulsion, which the oil phase consists of organic molecules with different molecular weights such as alkanes, paraffin, asphaltene, and resins. Due to the change in physicochemical conditions during the production, transportation, storage, and refining, heavier molecules can precipitate from crude oil. Thus, viscous sludge formed at the bottom of storage tanks can cause many problems including reduction of storage capacity of tank, oil contamination, corrosion, repair costs, environmental pollution, etc. The reduction of sludge viscosity can be achieved by reduction of its interfacial tension. In this study, different chemical and physical factors, influencing prepared emulsions（made of sludge, water and surfactant）, such as surfactants, solvents, temperature, pressure, and mixing conditions were investigated. Results showed that non-ionic surfactants（like bitumen emulsifier）, and solvents（such as mixed xylene, AW-400, and AW-402）, injection of additives, applying pressure, and mixing operations had a positive effect on reduction of emulsion viscosity. All experiments were carried out with sludge obtained from crude oil storage tanks at Kharg Island,Iran.

关键词： Surfactant Emulsion Sludge Storage tank Crude oil

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Metal–organic frameworks modified electrode for H₂S detections in biological and pharmaceutical agents

MedComm - Biomaterials and Applications

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MedComm - Biomaterials and Applications 2023年第3期2卷

作者： Durmus, Ceren Arul, Ponnusamy Alhaji, A. Shekhah, Osama Mani, Veerappan Eddaoudi, Mohamed Salama, Khaled Nabil Sensors Lab Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan Physical Sciences and Engineering Division Functional Materials Design Discovery and Development Research Group (FMD3) Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Centre (AMPMC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Jeddah Saudi Arabia

The development of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) sensors is essential to address H2S-related pharmacology since slow-releasing H2S medications have been identified to be prospective options for cancer treatments. Here, we de... 详细信息

The development of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) sensors is essential to address H₂S-related pharmacology since slow-releasing H₂S medications have been identified to be prospective options for cancer treatments. Here, we described an electrochemical sensor for highly selective and sensitive detection of aqueous H₂S, using a thin film of fumarate-based face-centered cubic (fcu)-based metal–organic frameworks (fum-fcu-MOF) modified on laser-scribed graphene (LSGE). The fum-fcu-MOF has shown a strong affinity and chemical stability to H₂S analysis. The electrochemical and H₂S catalytic properties were studied for fum-fcu-MOF/LSGE. An amperometry and differential pulse voltammetry techniques were demonstrated to validate the sensor. The resulting sensor delivered acceptable analytical parameters in terms of;detection limit (3.0 µM), dynamic range (10–500 µM), reproducibility, and stability (94.7%). The sensor's practical validity was demonstrated in bacterial cells and H₂S-releasing drug, where the sensor was able to monitor the continuous release of in-situ H₂S. The pharmacokinetics of a slow releasing H₂S donor is accessed at different time intervals and different concentration levels. Our research indicate that this fum-fcu-MOF based H₂S sensor holds potential in understanding pharmacokinetics of H₂S releasing drugs. © 2023 The Authors. MedComm – Biomaterials and Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Sichuan International Medical Exchange & Promotion Association (SCIMEA).

关键词： H2S pharmacology hydrogen sulfide metal organic frameworks

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Towards online optimisation of solid oxide fuel cell performance: Combining deep learning with multi-physics simulation

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Energy and AI 2020年第1期1卷 11-21页

作者： Haoran Xu Jingbo Ma Peng Tan Bin Chen Zhen Wu Yanxiang Zhang Huizhi Wang Jin Xuan Meng Ni Department of Chemical Engineering Loughborough UniversityLoughboroughUnited Kingdom National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001HeilongjiangChina Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Deep Earth Sciences and Green Energy Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZ United Kingdom Department of Building and Real Estate Building Energy Research GroupThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Environmental Energy Research Group Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development(RISUD)The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina

The use of solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)is a promising approach towards achieving sustainable electricity pro-duction from *** utilisation of the hydrocarbons and biomass in SOFCs is particularly attractive owing to their wide distribution,high energy density,and low *** long-term operation of SOFCs using such fuels remains difficult owing to a lack of an effective diagnosis and optimisation system,which requires not only a precise analysis but also a fast *** this study,we developed a hybrid model for an on-line analysis of SOFCs at the cell *** model combines a multi-physics simulation(MPS)and deep learning,overcoming the complexity of MPS for a model-based control system,and reducing the cost of building a database(compared with the experiments)for the training of a deep neural *** maximum temperature gradient and heat generation are two target parameters for an efficient operation of *** results show that a precise predic-tion can be achieved from a trained AI algorithm,in which the relative error between the MPS and AI models is less than 1%.Moreover,an online optimisation is realised using a genetic algorithm,achieving the maximum power density within the limitations of the temperature gradient and operating *** method can also be applied to the prediction and optimisation of other non-liner,dynamic systems.

关键词： Solid oxide fuel cell Multi-physics simulation Artificial intelligence Deep neural network Hybrid model On-line optimisation

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Freshwater-Derived Streptomyces: Prospective Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Biodegraders

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Scientific World Journal 2022年第1期2022卷

作者： Rodríguez-Fonseca, Maria Fernanda Ruiz-Balaguera, Sonia Valero, Manuel Fernando Sánchez-Suárez, Jeysson Coy-Barrera, Ericsson Díaz, Luis Eduardo Process Design and Management School of Engineering Universidad de la Sabana Chía 250001 Colombia Bioprospecting Research Group School of Engineering Universidad de la Sabana Chía 250001 Colombia Conservation Bioprospecting and Sustainable Development Group Environmental Engineering Program Universidad Nacional Abierta y A Distancia (UNAD) Bogotá 110911 Colombia Energy Materials and Environment Group School of Engineering Universidad de la Sabana Chía 250001 Colombia Environmental Engineering Program School of Exact Sciences and Engineering Universidad Sergio Arboleda Bogotá 111071 Colombia Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory Universidad Militar Nueva Granada Cajicá 250247 Colombia

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is widely used in industrial applications, such as construction and clothing, owing to its chemical, physical, and environmental resistance. Owing to the previous characteristics, PVC is the third most consumed plastic worldwide and, consequently, an increasing waste accumulation-related problem. The current study evaluated an in-house collection of 61 Actinobacteria strains for PVC resin biodegradation. Weight loss percentage was measured after the completion of incubation. Thermo-gravimetric analysis was subsequently performed using the PVC incubated with the three strains exhibiting the highest weight loss. GC-MS and ionic exchange chromatography analyses were also performed using the culture media supernatant of these three strains. After incubation, 14 strains had a PVC weight loss percentage higher than 50% in ISP-2 broth. These 14 strains were identified as Streptomyces strains. Strains 208, 250, and 290 showed the highest weight loss percentages (57.6-61.5% range). The thermal stability of PVC after bacterial exposure using these three strains was evaluated, and a modification of the representative degradation stages of nonincubated PVC was observed. Additionally, GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of aromatic compounds in the inoculated culture media, and ionic exchange chromatography showed chloride release in the supernatant. A mathematical relation between culture conditions and PVC weight loss was also found for strains 208 and 290, showing an accuracy up to 97.99%. These results highlight the potential of the freshwater-derived Streptomyces strains as candidates for the PVC biodegradation strategy and constitute the first approach to a waste management control scale-up process. © 2022 Maria Fernanda Rodríguez-Fonseca et al.

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