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Impact of different descriptions for diffusion, heat transfer, and capillary pressure on a physics-based proton-exchange membrane fuel cell model

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 133卷 386-401页

作者： Carneiro, Leonardo F. Costa Junior, Esly F. de P. Andrade, Samuel T. Matencio, Tulio Postgraduate Program in Chemical Engineering PPGEQ-UFMG Brazil Postgraduate Program in Mechanical Engineering PPGMEC-UFMG Brazil Department of Chemistry DEQ/ICEX-UFMG UFMG Brazil

A physics-based, two-phase, and non-isothermal proton-exchange membrane fuel cell model is developed and used to evaluate the impact of three common modeling assumptions concerning mass and heat transport in a single-cell system. Firstly, using Fick's law to describe the diffusive transport caused significant differences in the concentration profiles when compared to the Stefan-Maxwell equation, resulting in considerable deviations in the polarization curve. Moreover, the description of thermal effects is found to be crucial to obtaining accurate water molar fraction profiles for the cathode, even when heat removal is effective. Finally, while the impact related to the capillary pressure description in the polarization curve is insignificant when ohmic losses dominate, as they considerably affect the liquid water and oxygen profiles, they may be crucial to obtain precise values at high current densities when water removal is less efficient. These results should provide valuable insights for the development of better models. © 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

关键词： Maxwell equations

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A self-assembling nanoplatform for pyroptosis and ferroptosis enhanced cancer photoimmunotherapy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2025年第1期14卷 153-166页

作者： Zhichao Wang Yuqi Tang Quan Li Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing211189China Materials Science Graduate Program Kent State UniversityKentOH44242USA

The microenvironment of immunosuppression and low immunogenicity of tumor cells has led to unsatisfactory therapeutic effects of the currently developed *** cell death,such as pyroptosis and ferroptosis,can efficiently boost antitumor ***,the exploration of nanoplatform for dual function inducers and combined immune activators that simultaneously trigger pyroptosis and ferroptosis remains ***,a multifunctional pH-responsive theranostic nanoplatform(M@P)is designed and constructed by self-assembly of aggregation-induced emission photosensitizer MTCN-3 and immunoadjuvant Poly(l:C),which are further encapsulated in amphiphilic *** nanoplatform is found to have the characteristics of cancer cell targeting,pH response,near-infrared fluorescence imaging,and lysosome ***,after targeting lysosomes,M@P can cause lysosome dysfunction through the generation of reactive oxygen species and heat under light irradiation,triggering pyroptosis and ferroptosis of tumor cells,achieving immunogenic cell death,and further enhancing immunotherapy through the combined effect with the immunoadjuvant Poly(I:C).The anti-tumor immunotherapy effect of M@P has been further demonstrated in in vivo antitumor experiment of 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse model with poor *** research would provide an impetus as well as a novel strategy for dual function inducers and combined immune activators enhanced photoimmunotherapy.

关键词： immunotherapy cancer aggregation

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Thermo-responsive methylcellulose/hyaluronic acid-mesalamine hydrogel in targeted drug delivery for ulcerative colitis

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RSC Advances 2025年第18期15卷 14126-14135页

作者： Kuo, Sheng-Nan Wu, Pei-Xhan Huang, Shu-Ling Hsu, Yu-Ci Huang, Jen-Huang Department of Chemical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National United University Miaoli36003 Taiwan Science/International Master Program of Translation Medicine National United University Miaoli36003 Taiwan

Current treatments for ulcerative colitis (UC), including mesalamine (Me) enemas, face limitations such as poor colonic retention, systemic side effects, and suboptimal patient compliance. To address these challenges, this study developed a thermo-responsive hydrogel combining hyaluronic acid-mesalamine (HA-Me) conjugates with methylcellulose (MC), providing a targeted and sustained drug delivery platform for UC treatment. HA-Me conjugates were synthesized via a nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction, with FT-IR and 1H-NMR confirming successful conjugation and a grafting ratio of 12.45%. Rheological analysis revealed a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of 36.7-37.7 °C, ensuring gelation at body temperature when the MC concentration was 5-7 wt%. The optimized hydrogel exhibits intestinal retention properties, thereby improving drug bioavailability. The results confirmed that this hydrogel not only improved drug release time but also provided a protective barrier for inflamed wounds, facilitating wound healing, reducing the risk of reinfection, and improving medical compliance. Its mucoadhesive properties further supported effective drug delivery and localized therapeutic effects. This study highlights the potential of the MC/HA-Me hydrogel as a platform for overcoming the limitations of conventional UC treatments, offering opportunities for tailored therapeutic applications and future clinical development. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Targeted drug delivery

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A review on reactive oxygen species-induced mechanism pathways of pharmaceutical waste degradation:Acetaminophen as a drug waste model

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 688-713页

作者： Saba Humayun Maan Hayyan Yatimah Alias Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia University of Malaya Centre for Ionic Liquids University of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Chemical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyMuscat UniversityMuscat P.C.130Oman

Innately designed to induce physiological changes,pharmaceuticals are foreknowingly hazardous to the *** oxidation processes(AOPs)are recognized as a set of contemporary and highly efficient methods being used as a contrivance for the removal of pharmaceutical *** reactive oxygen species(ROS)are formed in these processes to interact and contribute directly toward the oxidation of target contaminant(s),a profound insight regarding the mechanisms of ROS leading to the degradation of pharmaceuticals is fundamentally *** conceptualization of some specific reaction mechanisms allows the design of an effective and safe degradation process that can empirically reduce the environmental impact of *** review mainly deliberates themechanistic reaction pathways for ROS-mediated degradation of pharmaceuticals often leading to complete mineralization,with a focus on acetaminophen as a drug waste model.

关键词： Wastewater treatment Ionic liquid Hydroxyl radical Superoxide Pharmaceutical contaminant Advanced oxidation process Deep eutectic solvent Hydrogen peroxide

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Geochemical Impacts on CO2 Storage Efficiency in Deep Aquifers: A Cameroon Gulf of Guinea Case Study

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Defect and Diffusion Forum 2025年 439卷 83-92页

作者： Mwenketishi, Gregory Benkreira, Hadj Soleimani, Hassan Rahmanian, Nejat Chemical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering and Digital Technologies University of Bradford BradfordBD7 1DP United Kingdom Department of Petroleum Engineering Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Bandar Seri Iskandar Perak Darul Ridzuan Tronoh31750 Malaysia

Carbon dioxide (CO2) storage serves as a greenhouse gas mitigation strategy employed by numerous nations. This study aims to explore the feasibility of CO2 storage in the Rio del Rey Basin (RDR), Gulf of Guinea region. We employ a compositional flow model, which has been validated using data from a Subsurface interpretation project in Cameroon. This work is aimed at conducting compositional numerical simulations to investigate the impact of geochemistry on CO2 aquifer storage. A conceptual development CO2 storage study has been considered for a deep aquifer reservoir formation Miocene RDR, Cameroon Gulf of Guinea. The reservoir formations in this basin are set to have very good petrophysical and geological properties for it to be considered as a storage system. The aquifer formation contains various amounts of minerals which in turn would alter the injection of CO2 as the chemical and geological properties of the storage system change. Some of the chemicals would alter the CO2 fluid and rock properties and consequently the reservoir injection and storage rates and quantities of injected and stored CO2 due to minerals precipitation and vaporization phenomena within the storage system. This presents a major concern as the impact of geochemistry on CO2 injection and storage is not well understood to date which means that the development and operational strategies and costs of such a project are not fully understood and present significant deployment risk and uncertainties. The simulation results show that aquifer geochemistry strongly affects CO2 brine water storage efficiency at different scales. © 2025 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Storage efficiency

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Harnessing biochemical innovations for sustainable oil recovery: perspectives from the Indian context on green enhanced oil recovery (GEOR) methods for matured petroleum fields

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Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2025年第13期32卷 7894-7932页

作者： Kothawade, Tanvi R. Deshmukh, Minal Kumar, Ganesh Pathan, Aadil Sangwai, Jitendra Department of Petroleum Engineering Dr Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University Pune411038 India Enhanced Oil Recovery Laboratory Petroleum Engineering Program Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai600036 India Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai600036 India

Green enhanced oil recovery (GEOR) has emerged as an eco-friendly alternative to conventional oil recovery techniques, offering a more sustainable way to increase oil extraction while minimizing environmental harm. This review focuses on the potential of biochemicals, particularly biopolymers, and biosurfactants, in improving oil recovery in Indian oilfields. While these biochemicals, such as xanthan gum, scleroglucan, and HEC, have shown promising results in global oilfields, their application in India remains largely unexplored. By comparing the characteristics of Indian reservoirs with successful international case studies, this review highlights the feasibility and advantages of biopolymer-based EOR methods in India’s unique reservoir conditions, including high temperatures, salinity, and other challenges. Despite the proven benefits of biopolymers, such as their environmental sustainability and operational efficiency, they have not yet been widely adopted in Indian oilfields. The review identifies key research gaps, including the need for a deeper understanding of microbial and biopolymer interactions, and stresses the importance of developing sustainable and cost-effective production methods for biopolymers. The findings suggest that integrating biopolymers into India’s oil recovery processes could not only enhance extraction rates but also contribute to greener, more efficient practices. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of biopolymer-based EOR and outlines future research directions, contributing to the development of more sustainable oil recovery techniques tailored to India’s specific needs. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Oil well flooding

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TaxDiff: taxonomic-guided diffusion model for protein sequence generation

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 385-386页

作者： Zongying LIN Hao LI Liuzhenghao LV Yu WANG Bin LIN Junwu ZHANG Zijun CHEN Calvin Yu-Chian CHEN Li YUAN Yonghong TIAN School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University AI for Science (AI4S)-Preferred Program Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Peng Cheng Laboratory School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology Peking University

Protein design aims to generate protein variants with targeted biological functions, which is significant in multiple biological areas, including enzyme reaction catalysis, vaccine design, and fluorescence intensity. Protein design contains two paradigms: sequence generation and structure generation. Recently, EvoDiff [1] proposed a universal designing paradigm, combining structure and sequence generation using the diffusion framework, which improves the protein design efficiency.

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Postgraduate environmental engineering program in the Department of chemical engineering at the National University of Singapore

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chemical engineering Education 1998年第4期32卷 250-250页

作者： Neoh, K.G. Ting, Y.P. Stanforth, R.R. Tien, C. National University of Singapore Singapore 119260 10 Kent Ridge Crescent Singapore Department of Chemical Engineering Singapore Environment Engineering Program Environment Technology Enterprise

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Production and characterization of polymeric nanocomposite foams based on starch and cellulose nanofibers from oil palm mesocarp fiber

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Applied Nanoscience (Switzerland) 2025年第2期15卷 1-11页

作者： Souza, Mariana Costa Gonçalves, Ana Paula Bispo da Silva Oliveira, Emanoel Igor dos Santos, Juscivaldo Passos Lazzari, Lídia Kunz Zattera, Ademir José José, Nadia Mamede Chemical Engineering Graduate Program Polytechnic School Federal University of Bahia Bahia Salvador Brazil Department of Education Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology Feira de Santana Bahia Brazil Postgraduate Program in Process Engineering and Technologies University of Caxias Do Sul Rio Grande Do Sul Caxias Do Sul Brazil

The demand for sustainable and eco-friendly materials has promoted studies over the years to explore different polymeric materials that meet requirements such as biodegradability and sustainability. In this context, biopolymer materials based on cellulose nanoparticles and starch from different botanical sources have been investigated, aiming to achieve satisfactory performance. The present study aims to develop and characterize cassava starch foams based on density, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and three-point flexure tests, and to evaluate the effect of cellulose nanofibers obtained from palm mesocarp fibers using the ultrafine friction grinding method after different processing times, characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), microscopy, and chemical composition, as a reinforcing filler. The chemical composition and scanning electron microscopy revealed the effectiveness of the cellulose isolation process, with the analysis of the chemical composition revealing a cellulose content of 55.70% in the fibers after pulping and bleaching, in addition to changes in the visual characteristics of the material after the process aimed at isolating the cellulose. After grinding, XRD showed an increase in crystallinity (76.1% at the maximum grinding time), along with typical microscopy images of cellulose nanofibers. The analysis of the obtained nanocomposites provided insights into the role of these nanostructures in the thermo-expanded starch matrix, indicating that the nanofibers promoted changes such as an increase in mechanical properties and crystallinity, which contributed to improving overall mechanical performance. A 67.48% increase in flexural strength was achieved for the formulation with cellulose nanofibers that underwent 150 min of grinding, without causing major variations in density. © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2025.

关键词： Starch

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Sintering-based lithography metal additive manufacturing of chiral mechanical metamaterials with a twist 1

Sintering-based lithography metal additive manufacturing of ...

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1st International Conference on Digital Sovereignty, ICDS 2024

作者： Melentiev, Ruslan Wagih, Ahmed Van Der Heijden, Bram Lubineau, Gilles Grande, Carlos A. Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Mechanical Engineering Program Physical Sciences and Engineering Division Saudi Arabia Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Chemical Engineering Program. Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Saudi Arabia

Metamaterials are a cla b of materials with extraordinary capabilities derived from their engineered structure. In 2017, Frenzel et al. (Science 358, 2017) conceptualized "three-dimensional mechanical metamaterials with a twist,"which convert linear deformation into rotational motion - a mechanical response that surpa bes the bounds of Cauchy continuum mechanics. However, the lack of suitable manufacturing technologies for producing metallic twist metamaterials has precluded their experimental validation and potential applications to date. Herein, 316L-stainle b-steel twist metamaterials are fabricated at various scales using an emerging sintering-based technology - lithography metal manufacturing (LMM) - and their mechanical responses are tested using stereo digital image correlation. Results provide the first empirical evidence of compre bion-induced rotation in steel twist metamaterials and highlight their sensitivity to manufacturing defects. Video, Application 1 Supplementary 1 Video, Application 2 Supplementary 2 Video, Application 3 Supplementary 3 © 2025 The Author(s).

关键词： Sintering

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