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SSRN 2025年

作者： Ferreira de Campos, Talita A. Alves, Eloize Silva Silva, Natallya M. Feihrmann, Andresa C. Cardozo‐Filho, Lucio Santos Junior, Oscar O. Postgraduate Program in Food Science State University of Maringá Av. Colombo 5790 Paraná Maringá87020-900 Brazil Postgraduate Program in Chemical Engineering State University of Maringá Av. Colombo 5790 Paraná Maringá87020-900 Brazil Department of Chemistry State University of Maringá Av. Colombo 5790 Paraná Maringá87020-900 Brazil

This study presents an innovative approach integrating ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with ionic gelation encapsulation and freeze-drying to optimize the recovery and delivery of bioactive compounds from black mulberry leaves. UAE, under optimized conditions (60 °C, 2.5 min, 20% amplitude), increased the concentration of chlorogenic acid by 2.47 times compared to conventional methods (2.38 ± 0.11 g/100 g), producing extracts with high phenolic content (168.17 mg GAE/g) and strong antioxidant activity (1076.46 µMol TE/g, DPPH). The encapsulation process achieved 73.88% efficiency, retaining 72-87% of total phenolics and antioxidant activity in DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS assays. Encapsulated compounds showed thermal stability up to 200 °C, confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis, and high bioaccessibility (84.61 ± 0.89%) in *in vitro* digestion tests. This approach highlights the synergy between sustainable extraction and encapsulation, with sodium alginate offering an ecologically friendly method to protect bioactives and ensure controlled release. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sodium alginate

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Multi-loop PID tuning strategy based on non-iterative linear matrix inequalities

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Computers and chemical engineering 2025年 199卷

作者： Trica, Diego José Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro/Chemical Engineering Program – PEQ/COPPE Av. Horácio Macedo 2030 Centro de Tecnologia Bloco G Sala G-116 Cidade Universitária Ilha do Fundão Rio de JaneiroCEP: 21941-914 Brazil

chemical processing plants usually have a control architecture composed of several single-paired loops. This type of control system is also called a multi-loop or decentralized control system. In this context, tuning PID controllers in a multi-loop system has become more important in recent decades. This is due to the need to ensure that the closed-loop system is stable or to achieve the expected dynamic performance over a wide range of possible operational conditions. To do this, several authors in the control theory field have used methods based on the Lyapunov stability criteria using linear matrix inequalities (LMI) to tune PID controllers in multi-loop systems. These methods solve the static output feedback (SOF) problem for systems represented by state spaces. This tuning problem is originally bilinear, and some authors have suggested iterative approaches that split the optimization into two layers to turn the problem into a convex one. However, these approaches may lead to high computational costs, depending on the initial guess for the decision variables. This work presents a strategy where only the control gain matrices are used as decision variables, and the Lyapunov matrix is expressed as a function of the control gain matrices. This makes quadratic matrix terms arise, which are handled by the congruency property and an S-procedure along with a slack variable. This strategy results in a non-iterative LMI-based SOF tuning approach. To illustrate the approach, a SOF problem that maximizes the system's Lyapunov function decay rate with an upper bound on H∞ norm was used. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Stability criteria

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Zeolite functionalized with metal ions: A dual strategy for water purification − removal of sertraline hydrochloride and pathogenic bacteria

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Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management 2025年 23卷

作者： Beltran, Laiza Bergamasco Ribeiro, Anna Carla Vidovix, Taynara Basso Wernke, Gessica Cusioli, Luis Fernando Palazzo de Mello, João Carlos de Abreu Filho, Benício Alves Bergamasco, Rosângela Salcedo Vieira, Angélica Marquetotti State University of Maringá Postgraduate Program in Food Science Paraná Maringá Brazil State University of Maringá Department of Biotechnology Genetics and Cell Biology Paraná Maringá Brazil State University of Maringá Department of Chemical Engineering Paraná Maringá Brazil State University of Maringá Department of Food Engineering Paraná Maringá Brazil State University of Maringá Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences Paraná Maringá Brazil

Sertraline hydrochloride (SER) is widely used to treat depression, anxiety, and other disorders, but its presence in global water bodies underscores the need for innovative water treatment solutions. This study introduces a novel adsorbent developed through a sustainable approach, where natural zeolites were functionalized with copper oxide nanoparticles (NZ_NPCuO) to enhance SER removal from contaminated water. Copper oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via a green method using Barbatimão (Stryphnodendron polyphyllum Mart.) stem bark extract. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), leaching tests, and zeta potential measurements validated the successful formation and chemical stability of the nanoparticles. SER adsorption tests revealed a maximum capacity (q_max) of 25.19 mg/g at 298 K, achieving equilibrium within 960 min. The Elovich and Langmuir models were determined to best describe the kinetic and isothermal data, respectively. Thermodynamic analyses indicated that the adsorption process is exothermic, spontaneous, and reversible. Potential adsorption mechanisms included hydrogen bonding, π-interactions, and electrostatic attraction. We also evaluated the antibacterial properties of NZ_NPCuO using the disk diffusion method against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, resulting in inhibition zones of 26 mm, 7.5 mm, and 14 mm, respectively. Thus, the proposed composite shows great potential for SER removal from wastewater and offers a promising alternative for developing effective antimicrobial agents for different proposals, particularly for microbiological water treatment. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Adsorption Antibacterial activity Copper oxide nanoparticles Green synthesis Sertraline hydrochloride Water treatment

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Recent advances in natural fiber reinforced metal/ceramic/polymer composites: An overview of the structure-property relationship for engineering applications

Hybrid Advances

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Hybrid Advances 2025年 8卷

作者： Olanrewaju, Olajesu Oladele, Isiaka Oluwole Adelani, Samson Oluwagbenga Department of Materials Science and Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA United States Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of Technology PMB Akure 704 Nigeria Centre for Nanomechanics and Tribocorrosion School of Metallurgy Chemical and Mining Engineering University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder 80303 CO United States

Advances in the material science world drive the birth of a new generation of sustainable materials. Natural fiber (NFs) biocomposites are emerging as valuable alternatives to conventional materials for engineering applications such as construction, automobiles, and aerospace due to their exceptional mechanical properties, lightweight, low carbon footprint, energy efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. These outstanding properties have made them more desirable for engineering applications. However, the focus has been on lignocellulosic fibers, neglecting other sources, such as keratinous, fibrinous, and microorganism fibers. Only a few reviews have considered the structure-property relationship of all classes of natural fibers, such as lignocellulosic (plant), keratinous and fibrinous (animal), and microorganism (mycelium) fibers. Although NFs have outstanding potential from an economic, technical, environmental, and green credentials perspective, they have limitations, such as fiber-matrix incompatibility and moisture damage. These limitations make using NFs as reinforcement for different material systems challenging. Surface alterations are usually necessary to improve the adherence between fiber and matrix. With the upgrade, NFs have the potential as sustainable replacement for conventional materials for engineering applications. Future research should aim at reconciling the mechanical properties of NFs to improve composite quality and fiber-matrix adherence and performance. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Biocomposites Fibrinous Keratinous Lignocellulosic Microorganism Natural fiber

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A Comprehensive Review on plant and animal fiber reinforced composites: Experimental and theoretical approaches to interfacial strength optimization and potential applications

Hybrid Advances

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Hybrid Advances 2025年 10卷

Natural fiber-reinforced composites (NFRCs) have become vital in various engineering applications due to their exceptional properties and ease of manufacturing. Properties such as lightweight, sustainability, design flexibility, microstructure, durability, and advanced fabrication techniques have expanded their use across industries. Also, NFRCs are preferred because the extensive reliance on synthetic fibers presents significant challenges in recycling and waste management. Despite their excellent properties, NFRCs have three main challenges: fiber degradation, water degradation, and weak interfacial strength (incompatibility of fibers with the matrix). Consequently, research efforts have been directed at combating these challenges using different surface treatment techniques. However, research has been skewed towards experimental approaches for improving the interfacial strength in plant fiber polymer matrix composites (PMCs). Hence, there exists a dearth of information on the computational approaches for optimizing the interfacial properties of NFRCs. Hence, this review provides experimental and computational approaches (machine learning) for comprehensive optimizing strategies for different natural fibers (plant, animal, and microorganism) and matrices (polymers, metals, and ceramics). This review also highlights the importance of theoretical approaches and numerical modeling in analyzing and optimizing NFRCs. Finally, the review highlights recent advancements in NFRCs, their mechanical properties, potential applications, and future directions. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Animal fiber Interfacial shear strength Machine-learning Natural fiber-reinforced composites Plant fiber

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Review of mayflies (Insecta Ephemeroptera) as a bioindicator of heavy metals and microplastics in freshwater

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 958卷 178057页

作者： Benhadji, Nadhira Kurniawan, Setyo Budi Imron, Muhammad Fauzul Institute of Technology and Life Sciences—National Research Institute Falenty Hrabska Avenue 3 Raszyn05-090 Poland Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Selangor UKM Bangi43600 Malaysia Study Program of Environmental Engineering Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Campus C UNAIR Jalan Mulyorejo Surabaya60115 Indonesia Department of Water Management Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of Technology Stevinweg 1 CN Delft2628 Netherlands

Heavy metal and microplastic pollutions are prevalent in freshwater ecosystems, with many freshwater bodies being contaminated by one or both of these pollutants. Recent studies reported extreme detections of Cd, Pb and Zn, high concentrations of Cr, Pb and Cu and microplastics acting as vectors of pollutants, including heavy metals. Mayflies can serve as bioindicators of heavy metal contamination in freshwater ecosystems because changes in their community structure, physiology, and behaviour can reflect and help predict the concentrations of metals in these environments. This review discusses the ecological alterations induced by tissue metal concentration in mayflies and other macroinvertebrates. As sensitive taxa to heavy metal contamination, mayflies can reflect the impacts of this pollution through their ethology and relationship to the substrate, highlighting issues such as eutrophication, alterations in community structure, inhibitory effects and sediment toxicity. Mayflies are also highly affected by microplastic exposure, which leads to ingestion, bioaccumulation, biomagnification, habitat and community alteration, behavioural changes, physiology alteration and toxicity. Mayflies bioindication metrics for assessing the impact of heavy metals and microplastics include the examination of community alteration, functional feeding behaviour, molecular structure, dietary and toxicity impacts, bioaccumulation and biomagnification and biomarkers. Current challenges for the utilization of mayflies as bioindicators include temporal variations in sensitivity, lack of universally recognised protocols and need for standardised protocols for microplastic analysis. Additionally, the applicability of mayflies as bioindicators may vary across different ecosystems, emphasising the need for selecting suitable indicators that align with the unique characteristics of the ecosystem. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Macroinvertebrates

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Advances in AAV capsid engineering: Integrating rational design, directed evolution and machine learning

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Molecular Therapy 2025年第5期33卷 1937-1945页

作者： Nisanov, Alan M. Rivera de Jesús, Julio A. Schaffer, David V. Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley Berkeley 94720 CA United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Berkeley Berkeley 94720 CA United States Department of Bioengineering University of California Berkeley Berkeley 94720 CA United States Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of California Berkeley San Francisco and University of California Berkeley 94720 CA United States Department of Neurological Surgery University of California San Francisco 94143 CA United States Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of California Berkeley Berkeley 94720 CA United States

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) has emerged as a highly promising vector for human gene therapy due to its favorable safety profile, versatility, and ability to transduce a wide range of tissues. However, natural AAV serotypes have shortcomings, including suboptimal transduction efficiency, pre-existing immunity, and a lack of tissue specificity, that hinder their therapeutic potential. To address these challenges, significant efforts are being applied to engineer novel AAV capsids. Rational design leverages structural insights to enhance capsid properties, directed evolution enables unbiased selection of superior variants, and machine learning accelerates discovery by computational analysis of high-throughput screening results to enable predictive algorithms. These strategies have yielded novel capsids with improved transduction efficiency, reduced immunogenicity, and enhanced tissue targeting. Future advances that continue to integrate such multi-disciplinary approaches will further drive the clinical translation of AAV-based therapies. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： AAV directed evolution gene therapy high-throughput screening machine learning next generation sequencing NGS rational design

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Optimizing dispersion of torrefied spent coffee grounds for enhanced biochar-EVA composite properties through sodium percarbonate-assisted treatment

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Journal of Industrial and engineering Chemistry 2025年

作者： Lee, Kuan-Ting Gabriela, Situmorang Chen, Wei-Hsin Rajendran, Saravanan Selvarajoo, Anurita Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan International Master Degree Program on Energy Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung411 Taiwan Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá Arica1000000 Chile Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Nottingham Malaysia

This study aims to optimize biochar by combining 10 % sodium percarbonate with 90 % spent coffee grounds and torrefying at 300 °C for 30 min. Biochar enhances black color dispersion in a composite when blending the optimal biochar and ethylene vinyl acetate. The maximum carbon content of the optimal biochar is 59.97 %, exhibiting similar dispersion, packing density, pore size, and contact angle to carbon black. The optimal biochar's specific surface area and total pore volume are 7.12 m2·g−1 and 0.0018 cm3·g−1, respectively, 2.9 times and 1.2 times that of untreated torrefied spent coffee grounds with SP treated. The mechanical properties of the composite, which is blended with 15 wt% of the optimal biochar to ethylene vinyl acetate through trade-off analysis, indicate a tensile strength and Young's modulus of 1.03 MPa and 9.69 MPa, respectively. As the amount of blended optimal biochar increases, the tensile strength decreases while Young's modulus increases. Compared with a composite blended with the same 15 wt% of carbon black, the tensile strength and Young's modulus are 0.77 MPa and 9.55 MPa, respectively. In conclusion, the optimal biochar is a potential alternative material that could replace carbon black. This finding aligns with the developmental direction of achieving negative carbon emissions, promoting a circular economy and valorizing waste. © 2025 The Korean Society of Industrial and engineering Chemistry

关键词： Tensile strength

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Enhancing Gas Selectivity in Thin-Film Composite Carbon Molecular Sieve Membranes by Platinum Sputtering

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Ogieglo, Wojciech Puspasari, Tiara Hu, Xiaofan Wehbe, Nimer Hassine, Mohamed Ben Aslam, Nabeel Kazmi, Syed N.R. Pinnau, Ingo Chemical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Imaging and Characterization Core Lab King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Nanofabrication Core Lab King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

We present a novel approach to significantly boost gas-pair selectivity of thin-film composite (TFC) carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes by sputtering platinum on the surface of the CMS precursor polymer prior to pyrolysis. A polyimide of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-PI), 6FDA-HTB, was selected as the CMS precursor which had previously been shown to transform into an excellent CMS membrane material at moderate pyrolysis temperatures (550 – 600 °C). Deposition of Pt at high ion currents combined with subsequent pyrolysis at 550 °C leads to the development of an ultrathin (10-20 nm thick) Pt/CMS intermix layer consisting of a CMS matrix with a large volume fraction of embedded, fused Pt nanoparticles. The Pt phase seems to stabilize the micropores of the intermixed CMS phase as well as limit the undesired impact of defects leading to a dramatic enhancement of gas-pair selectivity of the modified TFC CMS membranes (e.g. H2/CH4 > 1100, CO2/CH4 ~100, O2/N2 ~ 11) which represent improvements of 3300, 370, and 100% in comparison to the non-Pt-sputtered CMS control membranes. This novel, simple and effective procedure may be extendable to other types of CMS polymer precursors, membrane supports, alternative sputtering metals and the deposition parameters can be easily tuned to balance the membrane permeance against the desired selectivity. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Micropores

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Unavoidable multilevel biaxial symmetry breaking in chiral hybrid liquid crystals

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Physical Review E 2025年第4期111卷 045410-045410页

作者： Jin-Sheng Wu Marina Torres Lázaro Souvik Ghosh Haridas Mundoor Henricus H. Wensink Ivan I. Smalyukh Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Laboratoire de Physique des Solides–UMR 8502 Université Paris-Saclay and CNRS 91405 Orsay France International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter Hiroshima University Higashihiroshima Japan Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program and Soft Materials Research Center University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory and University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

Chiral nematic or cholesteric liquid crystals (LCs) are fluid mesophases with long-ranged orientational order featuring a quasilayered periodicity imparted by a helical director configuration but lacking long-range positional order. Doping molecular cholesteric LCs with strongly anisotropic uniaxial colloidal particles adds another level of complexity because of the interplay between weak surface-anchoring boundary conditions and bulk-based elastic distortions near the particle-LC interface. Using cylindrical colloidal disks and rods with different geometric shapes and surface conditions, we demonstrate that these colloidal inclusions generically exhibit biaxial orientational probability distributions which may impart anomalously strong local biaxiality onto the hybrid cholesteric LC structure. Unlike nonchiral hybrid molecular-colloidal LCs, where biaxial order emerges only at critical colloid volume fractions exceeding some uniaxial-biaxial transition value, the orientational probability of the colloidal inclusions immersed in chiral nematic hosts is unambiguously biaxial even at infinite dilution. We demonstrate that the colloids induce local biaxial perturbations within the molecular orientational order of the LC host medium which strongly enhances the weak but native biaxial order of chiral nematic LC induced by the chiral symmetry breaking of the director field. With the help of analytical modeling and computer simulations based on the Landau–de Gennes free energy of the host LC around the colloids, we rationalize the observed multilevel biaxial order and conclude that it is not only unavoidable but also strongly enhanced compared to both achiral hybrid LCs and purely molecular cholesteric LCs.

关键词： Cholesteric liquid crystals

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