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Dynamic anaerobic digestion-based biorefineries for on-demand renewable energy and bioproducts in a circular bioeconomy

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Trends in Biotechnology 2025年第5期43卷 1140-1165页

作者： Shinde, Rajas Hackula, Anga Marycz, Milena Bose, Archishman O'Shea, Richard Barth, Susanne Murphy, Jerry D. Wall, David M. SFI MaREI Centre for Energy Climate and Marine Environmental Research Institute University College Cork Cork Ireland Civil Structural and Environmental Engineering School of Engineering and Architecture University College Cork Cork Ireland Crops Environment and Land Use Programme Crop Science Department Teagasc Oak Park Ireland Faculty of Electronics Telecommunications and Informatics and Advanced Materials Centre Gdansk University of Technology Gdańsk Poland Process and Chemical Engineering School of Engineering and Architecture University College Cork Cork Ireland

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an important biotechnology for treating biodegradable residues and producing bioenergy, yet its full potential remains untapped. We investigate a two-phase AD system for biorefinery applications, producing valuable bioproducts, such as volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and biogas, from grass feedstock. We introduce a demand-driven operational approach to match market conditions, while minimising water use by reusing the process effluent. The proposed biorefinery model yields ~23 kg of VFAs and 75 kWh of biogas, with a potential gross revenue of €84 per tonne of grass. However, a preliminary economic analysis indicates that this biorefinery model is currently unprofitable. A sensitivity analysis suggests that reducing operating costs through technology advancements and policy support are vital to ensure economic viability. Such biorefineries offer opportunities for the diversification of farmers' incomes and the transition away from fossil resources. Our work exemplifies the role of AD as a key biotechnology in the circular bioeconomy. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

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Environmental and health impacts of unsustainable waste electrical and electronic equipment recycling practices in Nigeria's informal sector

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Discover Chemistry 2025年第1期2卷 1-40页

作者： Abogunrin-Olafisoye, Oladunni B. Adeyi, Oladayo Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences Industrial Chemistry Programme Michael and Cecilia Ibru University Agbarha-Otor Nigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike Nigeria

The rapid growth of the Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE) industry has led to an increase in Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) generation in Nigeria. The informal sector plays a significant role in WEEE recycling, but unsustainable practices pose environmental and health risks. Unsustainable EEE recycling practices in Nigeria's informal sector result in environmental pollution, health hazards, and economic losses. The lack of regulation, inadequate infrastructure, and limited awareness exacerbate the problem, putting the health of recyclers, communities, and the environment at risk. This review synthesizes existing literature on the environmental and health impacts of unsustainable EEE recycling practices in Nigeria's informal sector. Informal WEEE recycling practices in Nigeria are characterized by primitive techniques, such as burning and dismantling, leading to air, water, and soil pollution. Cultural and socioeconomic factors influence WEEE generation as collection, and recycling practices require region-specific approaches. The availability of infrastructure, technical capacity, and resources differs across regions, affecting the feasibility of proposed solutions. By acknowledging these factors, the findings from the Nigerian context can be adapted and applied to other regions, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of WEEE management challenges and solutions globally.

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Development of eugenol nanoemulsion loaded shellac-based formulations for extending postharvest shelf-life of Kaji lemon ( Citrus jambhiri )

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Journal of Future Foods 2026年第1期6卷 100-108页

作者： L. Susmita Devi Bhaswati Das Avik Mukherjee Vimal Katiyar Santosh Kumar Department of Food Engineering and Technology Central Institute of Technology Kokrajhar Kokrajhar 783370 India International Joint Programme in Food Science and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati Guwahati 781039 India

Kaji lemon ( Citrus jambhiri ) is a variety of lemon known for its high concentration of ascorbic acid, natural compounds, and cholesterol-lowering effects. However, a lack of appropriate postharvest storage can negatively affect lemon fruits’ shelf life and marketability, causing significant quality loss. Shellac wax is well-known for its film-forming, water-resistant, and gas- and moisture-barrier properties, which can be used as a coating material. In this research, shellac wax-based coating formulations were prepared by incorporating Aloe vera (AV) gel and eugenol as antioxidant and antibacterial agents to preserve the postharvest qualities of Kaji lemons during postharvest storage. The effectiveness of the coated fruits was determined by assessing various physicochemical quality parameters, including weight loss, total soluble solids, firmness, pH, acidity, and decay index, periodically at 5-day intervals during ambient storage. The obtained results revealed that the fruits treated with shellac wax containing eugenol nanoemulsion (ENE) and AV exhibited promising outcomes and prolonged shelf life of the fruits for 21 days with minimal weight loss, maintained firmness, and exhibited the least decay during ambient storage conditions. Moreover, the incorporation of eugenol oil nanoemulsion and AV gel into the coatings improved their physicochemical and functional characteristics, including enhanced antimicrobial activities against foodborne bacterial pathogens ( Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis ).

关键词： Citrus fruit Postharvest treatment Edible coating Consumer acceptance Food quality and safety

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Laser assisted phase transformation of carbon-based transition metal oxide electrode for high-performance supercapacitor application

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Mingzhen Xiu Jianghong Zhang Yu Lu Xun Cao Kang Huang Siyu Zhu Bowei Zhang Yu Liang Chunwang Zhao Junsheng Wu Yizhong Huang School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Energy Research Institute Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme Nanyang Technological University Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment Agency for Science Technology and ResearchSingapore Institute of Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Materials Science and Technology Shenyang University of Chemical Technology School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy Foshan University

Transitional metal oxides have a wide range of applications due to their superior *** enhanced performance of metal oxide relies on their desirable oxidation states,which is challenging to achieve and requires complex *** study demonstrates a facile strategy enabling rapid phase transformation of transition metal *** approach involves synthesis of a tetragonal Mn3O4/carbon cloth composite using the liquid plasma discharge deposition （LPDD） technique,followed by laser irradiation with the presence of ethylene glycol under an N2gas *** resulting face-centered cubic MnO/carbon cloth electrode exhibits an excellent capacitance of 1,125 F g-1at 2 A g-1,with remarkable capacitance retention of 95%after10,000 *** approach can be extended to other transition metals including Co,Cu,Cr,Fe,Ni,and *** simulations reveal the significance of ethylene glycol and the underlying mechanism associated with the phase transformation of transition metal *** present study offers a powerful technique for the phase transformation of transition metal oxide which can guide the development of new electrode materials with enhanced electrochemical properties for high-performance energy storage applications.

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Enhanced oil recovery by spontaneous imbibition of nanofluid assisted low saline alkali polymer in sandstone reservoir

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Journal of Molecular Liquids 2025年 428卷

作者： Seetharaman, Gomathi Rajalakshmi Devakumar, N.P. Deshmukh, Minal Sangwai, Jitendra S. Enhanced Oil Recovery Laboratory Petroleum Engineering Programme Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai600 036 India Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai600 036 India Center of Excellence on Subsurface Mechanics and Geo-Energy Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai600 036 India Maharashtra Pune411038 India

Spontaneous imbibition plays a crucial role in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). In this work, the synergistic effect of low salinity water, alkali, polymer, and nanoparticles was explored as a potential oil recovery agent for low acid number crude oil in a sandstone reservoir. Silica nanoparticles (15 nm) at various concentrations (100–1000 ppm) were dispersed in low salinity water (lowsal) containing sodium carbonate (alkali) and polyacrylamide (PAM, polymer), referred to as low saline-alkali-polymer-nanofluid (LSAP-NFs). Interfacial tension (IFT) and contact angle measurements were performed at 50 °C to understand the impact of LSAP-NFs on EOR through spontaneous imbibition. The results showed that the larger molecular size of the polymer hindered the effect of alkali in reducing the IFT and altering the wettability. The imbibition efficiency of the LSAP-NFs was evaluated using an Amott cell at 50 °C with Berea sandstone core samples. The spontaneous imbibition results showed that the imbibition effectiveness of the LSAP-NFs was higher than that of simple alkali, LSAW, and LSAP flooding agents. The prominent mechanism of imbibition was studied by analyzing the solid–liquid interfacial force using F-D mode from Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) investigations. The interfacial mechanisms, including IFT, wettability, surface roughness, and solid–liquid interfacial forces, confirmed that the imbibition process is equally controlled by gravity and capillary forces. Further, the solid–liquid interfacial force exposed a fully hydrophilic surface with silica nanofluid, confirming that capillary force dominates imbibition. This work identifies the fundamental mechanism by which spontaneous imbibition impacts enhanced oil recovery. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Sandstone

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Statistical modeling and optimization of a multistage gas-solid fluidized bed for removing pollutants from flue gases

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Particuology 2015年第5期13卷 72-81页

作者： K.Mahalik Y.K.Mohanty K.C.Biswal G.K.Roy J.N.Sahu Department of Chemical Engineering Gandhi Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Malaya Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Programme Area Faculty of EngineeringInstitut Teknologi Brunei(A Technology University)

The present paper describes the statistical modeling and optimization of a multistage gas-solid fluidized bed reactor for the control of hazardous pollutants in flue gas. In this work, we study the hydrodynamics of the pressure drop and minimum fluidization velocity. The hydrodynamics of a three-stage fluidized bed are then compared with those for a single-stage unit. It is observed that the total pressure drop over all stages of the three-stage fluidized bed is less than that of an identical single-stage system. However, the minimum fluidization velocity is higher in the single-stage unit. Under identical conditions, the minimum fluidization velocity is highest in the top bed, and lowest in the bottom bed. This signifies that the behavior of solids changes from a well-mixed flow to a plug-flow, with intermediate behavior in the middle bed.

关键词： Fluidized bed Multi-stage Pressure drop Minimum fluidization velocity Optimization

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Control of Microplastics and Nanoplastics Discharge via Biochar-Based Filtration: Optimization Using Central Composite Design (CCD) and Identification of Column Fouling Mechanism

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Environmental Quality Management 2025年第4期34卷

作者： Hanif, Muhammad Adli Ibrahim, Naimah Dahalan, Farrah Aini Ali, Umi Fazara Md. Azhari, Ayu Wazira Hasan, Masitah Lutpi, Nabilah Aminah Isa, Mohamed Hasnain Faculty of Civil Engineering and Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Perlis Arau Malaysia Centre of Excellence for Water Research and Environmental Sustainability Growth (WAREG) Universiti Malaysia Perlis Perlis Arau Malaysia Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Perlis Arau Malaysia Civil Engineering Programme Area Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan Brunei Darussalam

Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) are emerging aquatic pollutants of significant environmental concern due to their pervasive hazards. Filtration using filter media is a common approach for mitigating MP and NP contamination;however, the optimization of process parameters and the underlying column fouling mechanisms remains insufficiently explored. This study investigates the optimization of MP and NP removal using surface-engineered biochar in a continuous-flow column system via response surface methodology (RSM) employing central composite design (CCD). Four operating parameters were evaluated: pH (3–11), MP and NP concentration (0.01–0.09 g/L), flow rate (5–9 mL/min), and biochar bed depth (5–15 cm). Optimal removal efficiency was achieved at pH 7, MP and NP concentration of 0.01 g/L, 7 mL/min flow rate, and 10 cm biochar bed depth, yielding removal efficiencies of 93.75% (measured by turbidity method) and 93.07% (estimated by gravimetric method). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed the model's significance, with a high coefficient of determination (R²) observed between predicted and actual data. All tested parameters and two interacting parameters, (i) concentration-flow rate and (ii) flow rate-biochar bed depth, significantly influenced MP and NP removal efficiency. Prolonged operation under optimal conditions induced fouling of biochar-packed bed, and an evaluation using Hermia's model, assuming uniform bed porosity and filtration as the main removal mechanism, indicated the presence of standard blocking, intermediate blocking, and cake filtration as primary fouling mechanisms. This study highlights the potential of surface-engineered biochar as a promising filter media for efficient MP and NP removal while providing insights into the column fouling dynamics. © 2025 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

关键词： biochar central composite design filtration Hermia's fouling model microplastics nanoplastics optimization response surface methodology

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Bioplastic classifications and innovations in antibacterial,antifungal,and antioxidant applications

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2023年第4期8卷 361-387页

作者： Sariah Abang Farrah Wong Rosalam Sarbatly Jamilah Sariau Rubiyah Baini Normah Awang Besar Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Malaysia SarawakKota Samarahan 94300Malaysia Electronic Engineering(Computer)Programme Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu 88400Malaysia Chemical Engineering Programme Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu 88400Malaysia Forest Plantation and Agroforestry Programme Faculty of Tropical ForestryUniversiti Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu 88400Malaysia

Conventional plastics exacerbate climate change by generating substantial amounts of greenhouse gases and solid wastes throughout their *** address the environmental and economic challenges associated with petroleum-based plastics,bioplastics have emerged as a viable *** are a type of plastic that are either biobased,biodegradable,or *** to their biodegradability and renewability,bioplastics are established as earth-friendly materials that can replace nonrenewable ***,early bioplastic development has been hindered by higher production costs and inferior mechanical and barrier properties compared to conventional ***,studies have shown that the addition of additives and fillers can enhance bioplastic *** advancements in bioplastics have incorporated special additives like antibacterial,antifungal,and antioxidant agents,offering added values and unique properties for specific applications in various *** instance,integrating antibacterial additives into bioplastics enables the creation of active food packaging,extending the shelf-life of food by inhibiting spoilage-causing bacteria and ***,bioplastics with antioxidant additives can be applied in wound dressings,accelerating wound healing by preventing oxidative damage to cells and *** innovative bioplastic developments offer promising opportunities for developing sustainable and practical solutions in various *** this review are two main focuses:an outline of the bioplastic classifications to understand how they fit in as the coveted conventional plastics substitute and an overview of the recent bioplastic innovations in the antibacterial,antifungal,and antioxidant *** cover the use of different polymers and additives,presenting the findings and potential applications within the last *** current research primarily focuses on food packaging and biomedicine,the exploration

关键词： Bioplastic Biopolymer Biodegradability Antibacterial Antifungal Antioxidant

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AN ANAEROBIC FILTER APPLIED TO THE TREATMENT OF DISTILLERY WASTEWATERS

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AGRICULTURAL WASTES 1985年第4期14卷 301-313页

作者： RUSSO, C SANTANNA, GL PEREIRA, SED Chemical Engineering Programme COPPE/UFRJ PO Box 68502 Rio de Janciro Brazil

An upflow anaerobic filter (liquid volume, about 21 litres) was used for the treatment of undiluted stillage from ethanol distilleries. The filter was continuously operated for 308 days with organic loads ranging from 0·42 to 3·4 kg of COD per cubic metre per day and an HRT varying from 15 to 6 days. Although the overall substrate removal efficiency was very high, up to 90%, the filter effluent, which contained practically no Suspended Solids, whould need further polishing before it could be disposed of. For all runs the operation of the filter presented favourable conditions of stability as far as acidity and alkalinity were concerned, meaning that the use of buffer solutions would not be required. The methane concentration in the biogas, whose production varied from 7 to 48 litres per day, was about 60%, and the daily gas production varied in the range 0·63 to 0·95 litres per day per gram of COD removed.

关键词： DISTILLERIES

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Rapid adsorption of toxic Pb(Ⅱ) ions from aqueous solution using multiwall carbon nanotubes synthesized by microwave chemical vapor deposition technique

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第7期28卷 143-155页

作者： Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak Jaya Narayan Sahu Ezzat Chan Abdullah Natesan Subramanian Jayakumar Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Science Curtin University Sarawak Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Programme Area Faculty of Engineering Institut Teknologi Brunei Malaysia–Japan International Institute of Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Jalan Semarak

Multiwall carbon nanotubes（MWCNTs） were synthesized using a tubular microwave chemical vapor deposition technique, using acetylene and hydrogen as the precursor gases and ferrocene as catalyst. The novel MWCNT samples were tested for their performance in terms of Pb（Ⅱ）binding. The synthesized MWCNT samples were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared（FT-IR）, Brunauer, Emmett and Teller（BET）, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy（FESEM） analysis, and the adsorption of Pb（Ⅱ） was studied as a function of p H,initial Pb（Ⅱ） concentration, MWCNT dosage, agitation speed, and adsorption time, and process parameters were optimized. The adsorption data followed both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. On the basis of the Langmuir model, Qmaxwas calculated to be 104.2 mg/g for the microwave-synthesized MWCNTs. In order to investigate the dynamic behavior of MWCNTs as an adsorbent, the kinetic data were modeled using pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order equations. Different thermodynamic parameters, viz., ΔH0, ΔS0and ΔG0were evaluated and it was found that the adsorption was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The statistical analysis revealed that the optimum conditions for the highest removal（99.9%） of Pb（Ⅱ） are at p H 5, MWCNT dosage 0.1 g, agitation speed 160 r/min and time of 22.5 min with the initial concentration of 10 mg/L. Our results proved that microwave-synthesized MWCNTs can be used as an effective Pb（Ⅱ） adsorbent due to their high adsorption capacity as well as the short adsorption time needed to achieve equilibrium.

关键词： Microwave Heavy metal Wastewater treatment Adsorption MWCNTs Lead

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