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2024 SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition, NAIC 2024

作者： Musa, M.S.M. Adam, N.H.B. Gbonhinbor, J.R. Ridzuan, N. Mahat, S.Q.A. Yakasai, F. Ngouangna, E.N. Oseh, J.O. Agi, A. Oil and Gas Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia Department of Petroleum Engineering Niger Delta University Wilberforce Island Bayelsa State Amassoma Nigeria Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology College of Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah Pahang Gambang Malaysia Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Faculty of Engineering Bayero University Kano Nigeria Department of Petroleum Engineering School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025474

Surfactant flooding is a recognized technique within the realm of chemical enhanced oil recovery (CEOR), to enhance oil recovery in cases of continual depletion in conventional oil reserves. This method has a track record of effectively increasing oil recovery rates. The process involves multiple factors, including the reduction of interfacial tension (IFT), alterations in wettability, the creation of foam, and emulsification. Despite its success, a primary concern associated with surfactant flooding is the emergence of increased fingering effects, resulting in conformance issues like excessive water production. The primary objective of this research is to examine the interaction between pectin and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in the context of oil recovery, assessing the collaborative potential of pectin in conjunction with SDS to amplify oil production, and evaluating the impact of sodium chloride (NaCl) salinity on the behaviour of pectin and SDS in the context of oil recovery. To address water production concerns, this study employs polymer to augment water viscosity. The interaction between pectin and SDS will be scrutinized by observing three distinct sand packs, each containing surfactant, polymer, and a surfactant-polymer combination, respectively. The findings indicated significant improvements in oil recovery using different enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques. Freshwater flooding resulted in a 15% increase in oil recovery compared to saltwater flooding. Polymer flooding with a concentration of 0.6 wt% demonstrated the highest efficacy of 77.85% improvement in oil recovery compared to waterflooding. Surfactant flooding, while slightly less effective than polymer flooding, but still showed a remarkable 48.94% increase in oil recovery after waterflooding. However, surfactant flooding's effectiveness could be constrained by factors like reservoir characteristics and fluid properties. Despite this, the study revealed that combining surfactant and polymer fl

关键词： Surface active agents

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Dynamic anaerobic digestion-based biorefineries for on-demand renewable energy and bioproducts in a circular bioeconomy

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Trends in Biotechnology 2025年第5期43卷 1140-1165页

作者： Shinde, Rajas Hackula, Anga Marycz, Milena Bose, Archishman O'Shea, Richard Barth, Susanne Murphy, Jerry D. Wall, David M. SFI MaREI Centre for Energy Climate and Marine Environmental Research Institute University College Cork Cork Ireland Civil Structural and Environmental Engineering School of Engineering and Architecture University College Cork Cork Ireland Crops Environment and Land Use Programme Crop Science Department Teagasc Oak Park Ireland Faculty of Electronics Telecommunications and Informatics and Advanced Materials Centre Gdansk University of Technology Gdańsk Poland Process and Chemical Engineering School of Engineering and Architecture University College Cork Cork Ireland

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an important biotechnology for treating biodegradable residues and producing bioenergy, yet its full potential remains untapped. We investigate a two-phase AD system for biorefinery applications, producing valuable bioproducts, such as volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and biogas, from grass feedstock. We introduce a demand-driven operational approach to match market conditions, while minimising water use by reusing the process effluent. The proposed biorefinery model yields ~23 kg of VFAs and 75 kWh of biogas, with a potential gross revenue of €84 per tonne of grass. However, a preliminary economic analysis indicates that this biorefinery model is currently unprofitable. A sensitivity analysis suggests that reducing operating costs through technology advancements and policy support are vital to ensure economic viability. Such biorefineries offer opportunities for the diversification of farmers' incomes and the transition away from fossil resources. Our work exemplifies the role of AD as a key biotechnology in the circular bioeconomy. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

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Preparation of manganese-based metal organic framework (MOF) and its characterization properties 1

Preparation of manganese-based metal organic framework (MOF)...

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1st Annual International Conference on Sensor Technology, INCOST 2023

作者： Shamsul, N.A. Muslihati, A. Zaid, H.F.M. Bachelor in Chemical Engineering with Honours Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Seri Iskandar32610 Malaysia Advanced Functional Materials Laboratory Engineering Physics Department Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung40132 Indonesia Doctoral Programme of Engineering Physics Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung40132 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Seri Iskandar32610 Malaysia

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are produced by the reaction of metal ions and organic linkers with extremely crystalline and porous coordination networks. The applications of MOF cover from gas purification, gas separation, catalysis and super-capacitors. This work reports on the synthesization of metal-organic framework (MOF), using mangan (II) nitrate tetrahydrate as source of metal ions, 2-methylimidazole as organic ligand and ethanol as solvent. The material was prepared using precipitation method, at room temperature for 48 hours. The characterization of this material were carried out including X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The SEM analysis shows an irregular structure with a few petals. XRD shows several peaks, indicating crystallinity of the material, and amorphous state. To study the electrochemical property of the material, Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) was conducted. The cyclic voltammetry result shows peak at 0.23 V, with current output of 0.14 μA, with no changes in peak position as the scanning rate increases from 10 to 100 mV/s. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Metal ions

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Environmental and health impacts of unsustainable waste electrical and electronic equipment recycling practices in Nigeria's informal sector

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Discover Chemistry 2025年第1期2卷 1-40页

作者： Abogunrin-Olafisoye, Oladunni B. Adeyi, Oladayo Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences Industrial Chemistry Programme Michael and Cecilia Ibru University Agbarha-Otor Nigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike Nigeria

The rapid growth of the Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE) industry has led to an increase in Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) generation in Nigeria. The informal sector plays a significant role in WEEE recycling, but unsustainable practices pose environmental and health risks. Unsustainable EEE recycling practices in Nigeria's informal sector result in environmental pollution, health hazards, and economic losses. The lack of regulation, inadequate infrastructure, and limited awareness exacerbate the problem, putting the health of recyclers, communities, and the environment at risk. This review synthesizes existing literature on the environmental and health impacts of unsustainable EEE recycling practices in Nigeria's informal sector. Informal WEEE recycling practices in Nigeria are characterized by primitive techniques, such as burning and dismantling, leading to air, water, and soil pollution. Cultural and socioeconomic factors influence WEEE generation as collection, and recycling practices require region-specific approaches. The availability of infrastructure, technical capacity, and resources differs across regions, affecting the feasibility of proposed solutions. By acknowledging these factors, the findings from the Nigerian context can be adapted and applied to other regions, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of WEEE management challenges and solutions globally.

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Process Simulation of Steam Stripping of Bleached Palm Oil Deodorization for Removing Free Fatty Acids using DWSIM 14

Process Simulation of Steam Stripping of Bleached Palm Oil D...

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14th Seminar on Science and Technology 2021, S and T 2021

作者： Bahrun, M.H.V. Battak, N. Tan, W.-H. Bono, A. Chemical Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Malaysia Industrial Chemistry Programme Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia Sabah Malaysia GRISM Innovative Solutions Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

The presence of free fatty acids (FFAs) and odoriferous components in the bleached palm oil (BPO) need to be removed to meet the specific standard quality and make the oil palatable. Because FFAs and odoriferous components is more volatile than the main oil components, they vaporize readily thus being removed from the oil product. Deodorization is the key process in industry to remove FFAs by vaporizing them using steam stripping agent such as steam under vacuum. In this work, a simulation study was adopted for the analysis of deodorization process implemented in an open-source chemical process simulator software, DWSIM. The deodorization section was modelled using absorber column unit operation in the software. The process conditions and BPO compositions fed into the deodorizer were taken from literature. The simulation showed much decrease in the FFAs content below the maximum value as standardized by the authorized association. The deodorization of BPO was analyzed by studying the column profiles such as the individual TGs, FFAs and water interstage flows in vapour and liquid phases, and the total component interstage flow for vapour and liquid phases’ profiles. From the simulation study under defined process conditions, the percentage removal of FFAs from the BPO was >99.99%. © 2022 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Palm oil

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The Use of Strychnos Potatorum in an Environmental IoT System for the Treatment of Commercial and Domestic Washing Discharge in Continuous Column Studies 30th

The Use of Strychnos Potatorum in an Environmental IoT Syste...

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Advances in Systems engineering - Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Systems engineering, ICSEng 2023

作者： Ramalingham, Senthilkumar Prasad, Reddy Kumar, K. Saravana Shanmugam, Thirumurugan Al Toobi, Khalsa Al Yaroubi, Aya Al Jabri, Maryam College of Engineering and Technology University of Technology and Applied Sciences Suhar Oman Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan Brunei College of Computing and Information Sciences University of Technology and Applied Sciences Suhar Oman

ISBN: (纸本)9783031405785

Wastewater treatment and access to clean drinking water are major problems in emerging nations. Turbidity is caused by pollutants in the form of colloid particles found in waste water, and the color of waste water is brought on by the existence of naturally occurring mineral ions. The traditional, costly way of removing turbidity and discolored organic matter is coagulation treatment with chemicals. As a result, a different and affordable technique for eliminating turbidity using natural coagulants is suggested. Strychnos potatorum, a plant-based coagulant, is one of the natural coagulants that can be used in wastewater treatment to decrease it, and it is increasingly being used in this capacity. This study work concentrated on removing turbidity from both commercial and household washing machines using Strychnos potatorum seeds by creating an environmental system. Parameters, including pH(6), size (0.25 cm), and dosage (0.6 gm), have been optimized in batch study. The bed height (25 cm) and flow rate (5 ml/min) in the continuous mode of study have been optimized based on optimized parameters in the batch study. Results of FTIR and SEM tests confirmed the removal of turbidity. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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Improving photochemical indicators for attributing ozone sensitivities in source apportionment analysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 235-246页

作者： Xiaohui Du Wei Tang Zhongzhi Zhang Yang Yu Yang Li Ling Huang Greg Yarwood Fan Meng Atmospheric Environment Institute Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100857China Asia Center for Air Pollution Research United Nations Environment Programme Asia and the Pacific OfficeNishi-kuNiigata-shi 9502144Japan School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Ramboll NovatoCalifornia 94945USA

Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions(CAMx)-Decoupled Direct Method(DDM)simulations of first-order ozone(O_(3))sensitivity to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)emissions were performed and combined with modelled P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))ratios to obtain a range of thresholds for determining O_(3)-sensitivity regimes for different areas of *** the new threshold ranges for photochemical indicators,the method for determining O_(3)formation in the Ozone Source Apportionment Technology(OSAT)module within CAMx was improved by a dynamically varied threshold of P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))*** O_(3)concentration contributions in the newly added transition regime were apportioned to NO_(x)and VOCs emissions in proportion to the relationship between the P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))ratio and first-order O_(3)*** source contributions of O_(3)concentrations from different emission sectors from June to September 2019 were compared using the original and improved *** results showed that the O_(3)concentration contributions changed significantly in the NO_(x)-limited regime,with a maximum decrease of 21.89%,while the contributions increased by up to 7.57%in the VOC-limited regime,and were within 15μg/m^(3)in the transition *** modified OSAT module enabled a more sophisticated attribution of O_(3)to precursor emissions and may have far-reaching implications for informing O_(3)pollution control policy.

关键词： O_(3) modeling O_(3)-sensitivity regimes Ozone source apportionment technology Photochemical indicators

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Upper Bound in the Fusion Products and Transmutation Enhancement in Alloys 23

Upper Bound in the Fusion Products and Transmutation Enhance...

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23rd International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, ICCF 2021

作者： Kumar, Ankit Jain, Pankaj Rajeev, K.P. Pala, Raj Ganesh Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur India Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Programme Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur India

Significant elemental transmutations occur on cathodes comprised of either pure metals (Ni, Cu) or the alloys Kanthal (Fe0.74Cr0.21Al0.05) and Ni-Fe (Ni0.93Fe0.07) in light water electrolysis highly biased (~30 V) against a pure graphite anode. The utilization of graphite as an anode is advantageous because it avoids anode-driven contamination and establishes a distinct upper bound in the fusion products (Cu), which is different from upper bounds in previous studies (Pb or Ag) with a Pt anode. Whenever isotopic shifts were measured following transmutation, they differed from the natural ratios. Pure Ni cathode predominantly transmutes to Fe and Cu, pure Cu cathode transmutes to Fe and Mg, Kanthal shows the appearance of Cu and Mg and the Ni-Fe alloy transmutes to Mg and Cu. While the extent of transmutation in pure cathodes is a few tens of percent after about twelve hours of Cathodic Hydrogen Loading (CHL), Kanthal and Ni-Fe alloy show comparable or larger amounts of transmutations in less than an hour of CHL. © 2022 ICCF. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electrolysis

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Online optimal estimation and control for a common class of activated sludge plants

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2022年第7期55卷 447-452页

作者： Otacílio B.L. Neto Michela Mulas Francesco Corona School of Chemical Engineering Aalto University Finland Postgraduate Programme in Teleinformatics Engineering Federal University of Ceará Brazil

In this work, we design an output predictive controller that operates a common class of activated sludge plants. The controller solves a state-feedback model predictive control problem in which the process state and disturbances are determined by a moving horizon estimator. We illustrate the behaviour of the controller when operating the plant to produce an effluent water of varying nitrogen content. The close tracking of the effluent profiles is enforced by stabilizing the system around optimal steady-state points that satisfy the output reference trajectories. Considering the generality of the formulation, the predictive controller can be configured to operate this class of activated sludge plants to achieve alternative objectives.

关键词： Model predictive control moving horizon estimation activated sludge process

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Low Energy Nuclear Reactions in highly driven light water electrolysis: From circumstantial evidence to unambiguous nuclear signatures

Low Energy Nuclear Reactions in highly driven light water el...

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2024 Annual Conference on Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, ANS 2024

作者： Kumar, Ankit Nehra, Raviraj Pala, Raj Ganesh Rajeev, K.P. Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Uttar Pradesh Kanpur208016 India Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Uttar Pradesh Kanpur208016 India The Materials Science Programme Indian Institute of Technology Uttar Pradesh Kanpur208016 India

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