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The combination effect of concentration and application interval of Nicotiana tabacum extract on growth of Oryza sativa Inpari 32

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2534卷

作者： Rijanti Rahaju Maulani Dhaifan Dito Adrian Sony Suhandono Muhammad Yusuf Arya Ramadhan Misri Gozan Dadang Sumardi 1Agricultural Engineering Study Program School of Life Sciences and Technology (SITH) Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha No. 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia 2Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus Baru UI Depok 16424 Indonesia

Rice is a commodity which production continues to be increased in Indonesia due to the increasing demand and consumption per capita. The use of intensive agriculture and inorganic fertilizers that leave residues on the land makes fertilizers ineffective. Tobacco plants commonly used as pesticides can be used as organic materials that can increase rice growth because they contain nutrients and various allelochemical compounds. This study aims to determine the effect of tobacco extract application at various concentrations and interval combination treatments on growth parameters consisting of plant height rate, number of tillers, number of leaves, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, shoot-root ratio, flowering period, and the concentration of phytohormones (IAA and GA3) in rice (Oryza sativa) variety Inpari 32. The study was conducted by the application of tobacco extract consisting of 9 treatments which were a combination of concentration (1-3ml/L) and intervals application (1x in 1-3 weeks) and one control (without the administration of tobacco extract) for a total of 10 treatments, with three replications of each treatment. The results showed that the combination of concentration and interval of applications of tobacco extract had no significant effect on the parameters of plant height, tiller number, leaf number, shoot dry weight, flowering period, and phytohormones (IAA and GA3) concentrations in rice (Oryza sativa) Inpari 32 variety, and affect the parameters of dry root weight and shoot-root ratio slightly.

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Evaluation of Main Parameter Process of Anaerobic Digestion of Cow Dung in Fixed Dome Biodigester on Methane Gas Quality

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2020年第1期1500卷

作者： Leila Kalsum Abu Hasan Rusdianasari A. Husaini Yohandri Bow Applied Renewable Energy Engineering Study Program Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya Chemical Engineering Study Program Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya Indonesian Energy Engineering Engineering Study Program Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya Indonesian

Methane gas produced from anaerobic digestion has been widely studied through some of the researches, but the quality of methane gas produced is still a problem because the concentration of methane gas produced is generally low. Biogas formation is a complex process involving several process parameters that must be controlled such as temperature, pH, and fermentation time. Therefore the use of biogas is still problems and it has not been widely used. This study aimed to evaluate the main parameter process of anaerobic digestion of cow dung in fixed dome biodigester on methane gas quality. The research was carried out for 30 days and every 5 days the quality of methane gas (CH4), organic content (COD) and total solids (TSS) were analyzed. From the results of the study, it was found that temperature, pH, and fermentation time greatly effect on biogas produced. at high methane gas concentrations (59,12%) occur at pH 7.1, temperatures 350 C and fermentation time of 25 days. Besides that the longer the fermentation time, the COD and TSS content decreases and the concentration of methane gas increases.

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Transesterification Condition of Crude Palm Oil to Biodiesel Using Solid Catalyst Zeolite/NaOH

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第1期854卷

作者： E Kurniasih P Pardi Adriana Department of Chemical Engineering Study Program of Industrial Chemical Technology Polytechnic State of Lhokseumawe Aceh Department of Chemical Engineering Study Program of Oil and Gas Production Polytechnic State of Lhokseumawe Aceh

The use of NaOH as a catalyst for biodiesel production has long been used and provides high conversion conversions. Homogeneous NaOH phase during the transesterification reaction causes soap to form at the end of the process. Soap is diseparasi from biodiesel by washing and decantation techniques. The presence of soap can reduce the quality of biodiesel, especially at the flash point of biodiesel. Heterogeneous catalyst zeolite / NaOH is synthesized from natural zeolite and NaOH through the impregnation method. Natural zeolite is contained in natural rock obtained from Ujong Pancu, Aceh Besar. The synthesis of natural zeolite catalyst was initiated by activating zeolite powder with 4 M HCl for 10 hours at 90oC. Activated zeolite was impregnated using 2.5% NaOH at a ratio of 1: 2 (w / v) at 90oC for 2 hours. Application of zeolite / NaOH in transesterification reaction using crude palm oil off grade. The results showed that the use of zeolite / NaOH can prevent the formation of soap with characteristics that have met SNI 04-7182-2006 standards.

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Estimating the opportunities of ester content improvement through variation of NaOH, KI And KIO3 developed impregnators on activated natural zeolite catalyst for methyl ester synthesis

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第1期725卷

作者： E Kurniasih P Pardi Departement of Chemical Engineering Study Program of Industrial Chemical Technology Polytechnic State of Lhokseumawe Aceh Departement of Chemical Engineering Study Program of Oil and Gas Production Polytechnic State of Lhokseumawe Aceh

The Content of esters are the number of compositions of esters formed after the esterification and / or when transesterification reaction takes place. Esters are formed by breaking up the alkyl acid carboxylic group of fatty acids or triglycerides which react with methyl groups from methanol. To increase the reaction rate, heterogeneous catalysts were synthesized using impregnators NaOH, KI and KIO3. The impregnator is carried out in the framework of natural zeolite with a concentration of 2.5% (w/v). The zeolite framework was previously activated using 6M HCl solution for 10 hours at a temperature of 90°C. To strengthen the impregnator bond on a heterogeneous zeolite catalyst, calcination was carried out at a temperature of 600°C for 4 hours. Heterogeneous catalysts were tested on biodiesel production using a transesterification reaction. The transesterification reaction was carried out at a temperature of 65°C for 2 hours based on crude ester with 5%-10% (w/w) heterogeneous zeolite catalyst ratio shows the percentage decrease in free fatty acid content of 74.05% for zeolite/NaOH, 75.01% for zeolite/KIO3 and 75.77% for zeolite/KI. Based on the results of gas chromatography analysis, it was found that zeolite/KI catalysts of 77.1591.86%.

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The Effect of alcohol on bead performance of encapsulated iron using deacetylated Glucomannan 24

The Effect of alcohol on bead performance of encapsulated ir...

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24th Regional Symposium on chemical engineering, RSCE 2017

作者： Wardhani, Dyah H. Cahyono, Heri Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Indonesia MSc Study Program on Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Indonesia

The success of encapsulation to protect iron from inhibitor degradation or oxidation depends on many factors including the excipient characteritics. Glucomannan, a neutral heterosaccharide, has a potential for the excipient. To improve the excipient performances, glucomannan is deacetylated to remove the acetyl groups by reacted with Na2CO3. This deacylated glucomannan is subject to bead formation after iron loading. The alcohol solution is commonly used in bead forming as dehydration medium during the encapsulation process. The objective of this work was to study the effect of alcohol on the bead performance of encapsulated iron using deacetylated glucomannan. The bead forming was conducted by dropping the excipient into ethanol and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) solution at various concentrations (50, 60, 70, 80 and 90%) and two condition temperatures (27-30° and 7-10°C). The encapsulation samples were subject to yield (YE) and efficiency of encapsulation (EE). The concentration of alcohol showed a positive impact on the yield and efficiency of encapsulation. Ethanol has a better performance compared with that of IPA regarding yield and efficiency of encapsulation. The optimum of yield bead formation (69.67%) and highest EE (66.80%) were obtained at 90% ethanol. Temperature of dehydration did not affect the YE and EE significantly. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2018.

关键词： Ethanol

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Hydrolysis of sorghum starch to glucose using organic acid catalyst from rosella flower extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第1期959卷

作者： Riniati S H Abdulloh R H Fauziyah Istiqomaturohmah Chemical Analysis Study Program Chemical Engineering Department Politeknik Negeri Bandung Indonesia

Highly starch content in sorghum seed has a high potential raw material for the sorghum fluor to be a raw material of liquid sugar known as glucose syrup. The syrup is usually produced through enzymatically or chemically hydrolysis using a strong acid. In this study, sorghum starch is hydrolyzed chemically using a catalyst of organic acids extracted from roselle flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). The goal of the study is to produce glucose syrup free from chemical agents so as generally recognized as safe (GRAS). Rosella flowers are known to contain high amounts of organic acids such as citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, and hibiscus acid. Apart from having natural acid content, rosella flowers also contain vitamins (ascorbic acid) and are rich in natural red pigment dyes from the anthocyanins that can be an added value for the glucose syrup products. Organic acid extraction of dried rosella flowers was carried out at a temperature of 100°C for 30 minutes in a water bath and filtered. The resulting acid extract then determined the value of the total titrated acid (TTA) by the acid-base titration method. Sorghum starch is prepared by mixing sorghum flour with distilled water and then cooled at 4°C for 12 hours. Starch is obtained from the dried filtrate to obtain a water content of <14%. The starch hydrolysis process with rosella flower extract was carried out in several variations, namely the hydrolysis time of 1 - 4 hours, the TTA concentration of rosella 4 - 16%. Meanwhile, the temperature and stirring speed were fixed at 96°C and 200 rpm. The resulting glucose levels were analyzed by the spectrophotometric method. From this research, the result shows that the best sorghum starch hydrolysis condition was obtained at the addition of 16% acid extract for 180 minutes which gave 13.83% of glucose yield

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Evaluation of biochar and Bacillus sp. amendments on lead polluted land: Dehydrogenation enzyme and Pb availability studies

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Environmental Challenges 2024年 14卷

作者： Priyadarshini, Rossyda Nurherdiana, Silvana Dwi Solekhah, Bella Agit Hamzah, Amir Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur Jl. Rungkut Madya No.1 Gn. Anyar Kec. Gn. Anyar Jawa Timur Surabaya 60294 Indonesia Center Innovation of Appropriate Technology for Lowland and Coastal Food Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur Jl. Rungkut Madya No.1 Gn. Anyar Kec. Gn. Anyar Jawa Timur Surabaya 60294 Indonesia Study Program of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Science Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur Jl. Rungkut Madya No.1 Gn. Anyar Kec. Gn. Anyar Jawa Timur Surabaya 60294 Indonesia Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Jl. Telaga Warna Tlogomas Kec. Lowokwaru Jawa Timur Kota Malang 65144 Indonesia

The existence of lead (Pb) in soil has a significant ecological impact, resulting in a reduction in soil fertility. The present work effectively remediated soil contaminated with the heavy metal lead (Pb) through the application of biochar and Bacillus sp bacteria. Currently, there is ongoing research on the utilization of biochar amendments and Bacillus sp bacteria. The main objective is to assess the impact of these materials on the absorption of Pb and the activity of dehydrogenation enzymes. The findings indicate that both materials exhibit significant efficacy in absorbing Pb metal in contaminated soil over the incubation period from day 0 to day 42. The absorption capacity steadily increases until the concentration of Pb in the polluted soil reaches 1–2 ppm, using a biochar dosage of 10–30 ***⁻¹. Incorporating Bacillus sp bacteria at a concentration of 25 ***⁻¹ enhances the uptake of Pb metal. In terms of future prospects, the incorporation of biochar and Bacillus Sp has the potential to enhance the absorption of Pb metal, hence improving soil fertility in an environmentally friendly and cost-effective manner. © 2023

关键词： Bacillus sp Biochar Dehydrogenation enzyme Lead contaminant Soil

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Nanocellulose Obtained from Biomass as Advance Adsorbent for Methylene Blue and Crystal Violet

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1912卷

作者： L Mahardiani R Ilfama S Saputro S H Pranolo P W Septianing Chemistry Education Study Program Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Sebelas Maret University Surakarta Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Sebelas Maret University Surakarta Indonesia

In this research, the ability of papaya tree trunks as nanocellulose adsorbent for dyes removal was conducted. The synthesis of nanocellulose is carried out in several steps, including isolation of cellulose using the extraction method, immersion with a variety of alkaline bases, namely KOH, KOH+NH3, and KOH+Na2CO3 and synthesis of nanocellulose by hydrolysis reaction. The adsorption process was carried out in batch method, by contacting the nanocellulose adsorbent with the dye, then filtered and observed the change in concentration using UV-Vis. Meanwhile, to observe the functional groups contained in the nanocellulose obtained from synthesis of papaya tree stems FTIR result was evaluated. The results showed that all cellulose-forming groups (CO, CH2, CH) were present in synthesis nanocellulose in accordance with those of the commercial. The synthesis results with variations in the alkaline base which the closest to commercial yield was the variation with the alkaline KOH base. In addition, determination of adsorption performance of ones is compared with performance of commercial nanocellulose.

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Effect of soaking time in sodium metabisulfite solution on the physicochemical and functional properties of durian seed flour 24

Effect of soaking time in sodium metabisulfite solution on t...

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24th Regional Symposium on chemical engineering, RSCE 2017

作者： Kumoro, Andri Hidayat, Jefri Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Master of Chemical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

With regard to its high carbohydrate and gum contents, durian seed flour has been used as a substitute to wheat flour in butter cake and cookies manufactures. Unfortunately, processing of fruit seeds into flour may be hampered by discoloration, which may affect the nutrition and sensory quality of the food products. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of soaking time on the physicochemical and functional properties of durian seed flour. Durian seed chips were soaked in 0.6% w/v sodium metabisulfite solution as anti-browning agent at 30°C for desired periods (40, 60, 80, 100, 120 minutes), followed by drying at 50°C for 17 hours, milling and sieving to obtain flour. The flour was analyzed for its moisture, ash, protein, fat and carbohydrate contents, sulfite residue, yield, gelatinization temperature, and water and oil absorption capacities (WAC and OAC). The results showed that longer soaking time reduced the moisture and ash content of durian seed flour, but increased most of the other studied parameters. The WAC, OAC and fat content were less affected by soaking time. It can be concluded that soaking of durian seed chips in sodium metabisulfite solution can improve the nutrition and functional properties of flour. Based on the residual sulfite content, durian seed flour obtained in this work is safe for consumption. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2018.

关键词： Moisture

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Biosorption of Lead (II)-containing Sasirangan Textile Wastewater using Nanocomposites of Eleocharis dulcis Fibers with Iron (III) Nanoparticles as Adsorbent 24

Biosorption of Lead (II)-containing Sasirangan Textile Waste...

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24th Regional Symposium on chemical engineering, RSCE 2017

作者： Irawan, Chairul Nata, Iryanti F. Putra, Meilana D. Ristianingsih, Yuli Chemical Engineering Study Program Engineering Faculty University of Lambung Mangkurat Banjarbaru South Kalimantan70714 Indonesia

This research focuses on the study of biocomposite nanoparticles of Eleocharis dulcis (ED) as potentials biosorbent to reduce the concentration of lead (II) ion containing Sasirangan textile industry wastewater. Eleocharis dulcis, locally named as Purun Tikus, has been developing becomes the biocomposites nanomaterial and valuables material in this research. Batch experiments were carried out to considering the kinetic of biosorption of lead onto the adsorbent, evaluating the effects of lead ion equilibrium concentration, equilibrium pH, and temperature on the adsorption of lead (II). Kinetic data of lead (II) biosorption onto EDB and EDB-MH revealed that equilibrium time was reached within 2 h, and the isotherm data showed that the Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity of the EDB-M and EDB-MH at pHe of 6±0.2, room temperature were 150.43 mg/g and 180.92 mg/g, respectively. The thermodynamic of lead (II) biosorption onto the adsorbent implied the biosorption was spontaneous and endothermic indicating by increased in temperature would increased in adsorption capacity. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2018.

关键词： Biosorption

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