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The comparison of Brackish water treatment using local filter materials and reverse osmosis filters

AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2691卷

作者： Surya Hermawan Angela Jasmine Tanya Tjahyana Peni Tiewanto Ivan Richardian Limantara Ivan Reynaldi Limantara Kiki Prio Utomo Nelly Wahyuni Civil Engineering Department Petra Christian University Surabaya 60236 Indonesia Environmental Engineering Study Program Tanjungpura University Pontianak 78124 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Study Program Tanjungpura University Pontianak 78214 Indonesia

Water is an important resource in human life. The Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics in 2020 noted that it has access to clean water up to 90.21%. However, these data show that there has not been equal access to clean water in Indonesia. Therefore, this research focuses on the area of Tegal Sari Hamlet, Kupang Village, Jabon District, Sidoarjo Regency, East Java Province, where the area has problems with brackish well water. The purpose of this underway research is to find a comparison that occurs in brackish water treatment when using a filter made of local material with a Reverse Osmosis (RO) device from the market. This research used an experimental method, to determine the effect of treatment on the test object. The treatment that is carried out is by flowing water through the filter from local material / RO to make the water meet the existing standards of pH, TDS, and EC. The outcomes demonstrate that the comparison using local materials and RO according to pH, meet the requirement. Then, concerning TDS and EC measurements is reducing 51.5% and 91.9%, as well as a decrease of 52.16% and 91.3%. respectively. This research is still underway condition, the appropriate local material and suitable method are key for successful research in the future. Thus it can be suggested that in carrying out brackish water treatment can be used an RO device instead of using a local material filter considering the results obtained.

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Structural, Optical, and Electrical Properties of Multi-Component P-Type Oxide-Semiconductor Cu-Mn-Sn-O Thin Films

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Nguyen Quoc Trinh, Bui Dinh, The Nam Vietnam National University Hanoi University of Science Faculty of Physics 334 Nguyen Trai Thanh Xuan Hanoi Viet Nam Tokyo Institute of Technology School of Materials and Chemical Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering 2-12-1 Okayama Meguro Tokyo152-8550 Japan Vietnam National University Hanoi Vietnam Japan University Faculty of Advanced Technology and Engineering Nanotechnology Program Luu Huu Phuoc Nam Tu Liem Hanoi Viet Nam

P-type oxide semiconductors as a conducting channel layer have attracted huge attention owing to wide applications in electronic devices. In this study, multi-component oxide-semiconductor Cu1-2xMnxSnxO thin films with x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, and 0.33 were successfully prepared on glass substrates, by using a solution process accompanied with a spin-coating technique. One obtained that, a phase transition between the CuO monoclinic structure and the rock salt structure was observed when leveling up the concentration of Mn and Sn, simultaneously to descending the concentration of Cu in the precursors. The crystallite size was found to decrease throughout the samples, with a minimum value of 9.8 nm towards the equimolar ratio. The scanning electron microscope confirmed further the downward tendency as mentioned above, and indicated an improvement in the film surfaces as well. According to the optical absorption measurement, the bandgap energy was determined to be in a range from 2.68 eV to 3.44 eV. Interestingly, the sheet resistance of Cu1-2xMnxSnxO films witnessed a sharp drop from 5.24 kΩ/sq of CuO to 0.034 kΩ/sq at the film with the molar ratio Cu:Mn:Sn being 34:33:33. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Crystallite size

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Development and Validation of Customer Intention Factors for Live-Stream Shopping

Development and Validation of Customer Intention Factors for...

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Conference on New Media Studies (CoNMedia)

作者： Erick Fernando Desman Hidayat Christian Haposan Pengaribuan Yulius Denny Prabowo Department of Information System Faculty of Engineering and Informatics Universitas Multimedia Nusantara Tangerang Indonesia Management Department BINUS Entrepreneurship Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Management Study Program Faculty of Business Sampoerna University Jakarta Indonesia Computer Science Department Binus Online Learning Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia

Along with technological improvements, online shopping is currently developing quickly. Online shops started by selling electronics, clothing, food, and home appliances and continue to evolve, selling various things. Currently, digital marketing has a novel technique, namely live shopping, where sellers can present, promote and offer their products directly through live streaming on social media and e-commerce platforms. This research will focus on gaining insight into the factors influencing customers to watch and purchase through live streaming. This research is an early-stage study of exploring and searching for research models. The study used a literature review approach by reviewing similar previous research articles. Several variable components were used in this study. The findings of the factors include visibility capacity, meta-vocation capacity, purchase orientation capacity, social presence, price, perceived product quality, perceived enjoyment, purchase orientation, perceived usefulness, and intention to buy. These factors were tested and proved to be valid with Cronbach's Alpha value being more than 0.5 and reliable with the value of the loading factor a greater than 0.6. Criteria The factors of the findings for further analysis of the relationship between factors and other variables.

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Project-based learning model with real object in vocational school learning 3

Project-based learning model with real object in vocational ...

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3rd International Conference on Vocational Education of Mechanical and Automotive Technology, ICoVEMAT 2020

作者： Handoyono, Nurcholish Arifin Suparmin Samidjo Johan, Arif Bintoro Suyitno Mechanical Engineering Education Vocational Study Program Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa Yogyakarta Indonesia Department of Automotive Engineering Education Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo Indonesia

Learning in vocational schools is not enough just teacher-centered because the material presented does not only cover cognitive aspects, but also the affective and psychomotor aspects. In fact, there are still many teachers who use conventional modes, including learning technical drawings, so that student learning outcomes are low. The purpose of this research was to determine the learning outcomes of the PjBL model using real object media better than conventional methods in technical drawing subjects. A quasi-experiment was used in research with a nonequivalent control group design. The study population was 42 students of class X TP. The sampling technique uses cluster sampling. Class X TP1 as a control class with 23 students and Class X TP2 as an experimental class with 19 students. Data collection techniques using test techniques. The research instrument was a test sheet. The data analysis used t-test analysis with prerequisite tests, namely the normality test and homogeneity test. Based on testing the hypothesis test, it was concluded that the PjBL model with real objects gives better learning outcomes compared to conventional methods of learning outcomes of technical drawings. © 2020 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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The influence of calcium chloride and potassium chloride cross-linking agent on the physical properties of chitosan-carrageenan composite film

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2667卷

作者： Nur Rokhati Farida D. Hapsari Aji Prasetyaningrum 1Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia 2Membrane Research Center (MeR-C) Integrated Laboratory for Research and Services Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia 3Master of Chemical Engineering Study Program Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia

Carrageenan is a sulfated polysaccharide that demonstrates excellent film-forming properties. In contrast, many hydroxyl and sulfate groups in their structures produce a carrageenan film highly hydrophilic and demonstrate comparatively poor mechanical. Therefore, it is necessary to blend Carrageenan with other biopolymers to improve the film's mechanical properties. This paper aims to study the characterization of the composite film by combining ĸ Carrageenan and Chitosan using CaCl2 and KCl cross-link agents. The composite film product was characterized by measuring its moisture content, solubility, swelling degree, water vapour permeability, oxygen permeability, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The result shows that the addition of Chitosan could improve the properties of ĸ carrageenan film. CaCl2 and KCl cross-link agents reduce moisture content, swelling, solubility, water vapour permeability, and oxygen permeability of uncrosslinked film, which is suitable for food packaging.

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Effect of polyvinylidene fluoride concentration in PVDF-TiO₂-PVP composite membranes properties and its performance in bovine serum albumin rejection

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Case Studies in chemical and Environmental engineering 2024年 9卷

作者： Gayatri, Rianyza Fizal, Ahmad Noor Syimir Yuliwati, Erna Zailani, Muhamad Zulhilmi Jaafar, Juhana Hossain, Md Sohrab Zulkifli, Muzafar Taweepreda, Wirach Ahmad Yahaya, Ahmad Naim Polymer Science Program Division of Physical Science Faculty of Science Prince of Songkla University Hat-Yai Songkhla 90110 Thailand Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology Alor Gajah Melaka 78000 Malaysia Centre for Sustainability of Ecosystem & Earth Resources (Pusat ALAM) Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob Pahang Gambang 26300 Malaysia Program Study of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang Jalan A.Yani 13 Ulu Kota Palembang 30263 Indonesia Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC) Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Skudai 81310 Malaysia HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research Institute of Self-Sustainable Building Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Perak Darul Ridzuan Seri Iskandar 32610 Malaysia Green Chemistry and Sustainability Cluster Universiti Kuala Lumpur Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and BioEngineering Technology Alor Gajah Melaka 78000 Malaysia

In the present study, the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) was incorporated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles to prepare PVDF-TiO2-PVP composite membrane for Bovine Serum Albumin ... 详细信息

In the present study, the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) was incorporated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles to prepare PVDF-TiO₂-PVP composite membrane for Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) rejection from protein contaminated wastewater. The preparation of PVDF-TiO₂-PVP composite membrane was conducted by a non-solvent phase inversion (NIPS) process with varying PVDF weight percentages ranging from 16 to 19 wt%. The polymer concentration plays a critical role in the formation of composite membranes that is commonly overlooked. The primary goal of this study is to examine how the concentration of polymers affects the process of membrane creation, the ensuing structure, and the properties of these membranes. Presently, there is a restricted comprehension concerning the impact of PVDF polymer concentration in the fabrication of membranes using the NIPS approach, particularly for PVDF-TiO₂-PVP composite membranes. FE-SEM analysis revealed the lowest skin layer thickness and the number of macro-void formations in a PVDF composite membrane were at 16 wt% PVDF, compared to composite membranes over higher PVDF concentrations from 17 to 19 wt%. There were only slight variations in the percentages of individual elements across all PVDF-TiO₂-PVP membranes, yet the values were identical for C, O, F, and Ti. The viscosity was lowest at 16 wt percent PVDF (576.5 MPa s) and greatest at 19 wt percent PVDF (2054.3 MPa s). It showed that 19%wt PVDF viscosity increased fourfold higher than 16%wt. As the concentration of PVDF was increased, a related decrease in the surface porosity of the membrane was observed. The highest hydrophobicity with the contact angle of 79.62° of the composite membranes were detected at 19 wt% of PVDF loading. The maximum water flux (265.43 L/m²h) and BSA flux (250.31 L/m²h) were obtained at 19 wt% of PVDF loading. The lowest PVDF concentration of 16

关键词： Bovine serum albumin rejection Composite membrane Flat sheet Membrane separation Polymeric composite

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Gallic acid: A promising bioactive agent for food preservation and sustainable packaging development

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Case Studies in chemical and Environmental engineering 2024年 10卷

作者： Rahmawati, Istiqomah Pratama, Agus Wedi Pratama, Silvia Abdi Khozin, Muhamad Nur Firmanda, Afrinal Irawan, Fery Haidir Asranudin Ansori, Arif Nur Muhammad Sucipto, Teguh Hari Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Jember Kalimantan 37 Jember 68121 Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Data Analytics Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya 60111 Indonesia Department of Agroindustrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology IPB University Bogor 16680 Indonesia Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN) Bogor 16911 Indonesia Postgraduate School Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia Dengue Study Group Institute of Tropical Disease Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia

The growing global population challenges the food industry to ensure it remains safe for consumption. Food waste caused by imbalances between production and handling creates significant economic, environmental, and social risks. However, packaging technology innovation has emerged as a powerful tool, offering a solution by extending shelf life and maintaining food product quality. Consumers' increasing interest in eco-friendly packaging has driven research into renewable materials and low-toxicity bioactive components. Gallic acid, a promising phenolic compound, holds potential for food preservation and sustainable packaging development. Its antibacterial and antifungal properties against resistant microbes and biofilm formation, its ability to prevent lipid and protein oxidation, and its potential as a color indicator for monitoring food freshness all contribute to food preservation. Its incorporation into edible polymers offers a strategy for innovative edible packaging. Depending on the dosage and material composition, loading gallic acid within the polymer matrix can improve packaging properties, including UV barrier, mechanical strength, and water vapor and oxygen permeability. This article reviews the potential of gallic acid for developing biodegradable, active, intelligent, and edible packaging. Future directions include evaluating gallic acid's toxicity, dispersion within the matrix, pro-oxidative activity, compatibility with biodegradable polymers (especially those derived from agricultural by-products), migration into food products, and stability under different environmental conditions. The sustainability perspective (environment, economic, and social) is also discussed. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Food shelf-life Gallic acid Material Sustainable packaging

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The Application of Conjugate Gradient Method to Motion Control of Robotic Manipulators

The Application of Conjugate Gradient Method to Motion Contr...

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Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics and Materials Forum, iM3F 2021

作者： Sulaiman, Ibrahim M. Malik, Maulana Giyarti, Wed Mamat, Mustafa Ibrahim, Mohd Asrul Hery Ahmad, Muhammad Zaini School of Quantitative Sciences Universiti Utara Malaysia Kedah Sintok06010 Malaysia Faculty of Informatics and Computing Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin Terengganu Kuala Terennganu21300 Malaysia Department of Mathematics Universitas Indonesia Depok Indonesia Mathematics Education Study Program Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Depok Indonesia Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Kota Bhar Malaysia Institute of Engineering Mathematics Universiti Malaysia Perlis Kangar Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9789811920943

Many industrial and engineering problems are transformed into optimization problems and solved using various numerical based methods. One of the frequently used method is the Steepest descent algorithm which converge to the solution in only one iteration, given the current point and provided the quadratic function is positive definite. However, this method is not suitable for large scale functions because of lack of gradient information and high computational cost. This study aims to suggest a new conjugate gradient algorithm for motion control of robotic manipulators and unconstrained optimization models. The convergence result of the new algorithm would be discussed under some suitable conditions. Computational simulations are carried out on the discrete-time kinematics equation of a two-joint planar robot manipulator to illustrates the efficiency of the algorithm. The algorithm was further extended to unconstrained optimization problems in addition to motion control of robotic manipulators. Preliminary results prove that the new algorithm is efficient compared to the existing CG algorithm. The comparisons are made using the set of 50 standard benchmark functions including number of iterations and CPU time. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Flexible manipulators

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Respiration and Maturity Assessment of Mango (Mangifera Indica Cv. Arumanis) for Long-Distance Transportation Planning in Indonesia

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kailaku, Sari Intan Arkeman, Yandra Purwanto, Y. Aris Udin, Faqih Agroindustrial Engineering Study Program Graduate School IPB University Bogor16680 Indonesia Research Center for Agroindustry National Research and Innovation Agency Jakarta10340 Indonesia Agroindustrial Technology Department Faculty of Agricultural Technology IPB University Bogor16680 Indonesia Department of Mechanical and Biosystem Engineering Faculty of Agricultural Technology IPB University Bogor16680 Indonesia Center for Tropical Horticulture Studies IPB University Bogor16680 Indonesia

Transportation of mango (Mangifera indica) is a significant challenge in a large archipelago country like Indonesia. This study addresses the quality assurance problem of long-distance transportation of mangoes from Java Island, Indonesia, and recommends the optimal harvest age for different transportation schemes in the Indonesian mango supply chain. The study investigated harvested mangoes at three different maturity levels and evaluated their quality characteristics, including climacteric peak and respiration rate, total soluble solids, acidity, firmness, dry matter concentration, and weight loss. Samples were kept in their respective packaging during storage to imitate transportation conditions, and an Internet of Things (IoT)-based system was used for real-time monitoring and remote access to the storage conditions information. Long-distance transportation cases of six destinations with different distances, modes of transportation, travel durations, and environmental conditions were studied. Mango harvested at 105 and 108 days after flowering is suitable for consumption, while the harvest age of 90-95 days after flowering is recommended for longer transportation durations involving non-refrigerated and refrigerated vehicles. The harvest age of 105 days after flowering is appropriate for long-distance transportation with non-refrigerated vehicles, while 108 days after flowering is only recommended for inter-province transportation with non-refrigerated vehicles with a short duration of transportation. The results emphasize the importance of determining the optimal harvest time based on the climacteric peak and quality changes during storage to ensure that mangoes meet consumer demands and maximize their quality and shelf life. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fruits

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Pulmonary Disease Pattern Recognition on X-Ray Radiography Image Using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Method 3

Pulmonary Disease Pattern Recognition on X-Ray Radiography I...

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3rd Annual Scientific Meeting on Medical Physics and Biophysics, PIT-FMB in conjunction with the 17th South-East Asia Congress of Medical Physics, SEACOMP 2019

作者： Fitriyah, N. Kurniawati, L.D. Purwanti, E. Astuti, S.D. Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia Biomedical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia Department of Biomedical Engineering Post-Graduate Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia

This research aims to recognize the pattern of pulmonary disease on x-ray radiography image using artificial neural network (ANN) method. The images, which were used such as images of healthy pulmonary, pulmonary tuberculosis, and pulmonary tumour. Pattern recognition was using an extraction feature of GLCM (Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix) and back propagation method. Before being identified, the images were processed by median filter and adaptive histogram equalization. The GLCM features that used were homogeneity, energy, contrast, variance and correlation. The parameters were learning rate and hidden layer. Learning rate was 0.3 and hidden layer was 25. Back propagation training showed 100% accuracy, which all of 44 images were used had been successfully identified. From the result, the healthy pulmonary showed 60% accuracy, 83.3% for pulmonary tuberculosis and 100% for pulmonary tumor. Hence, the overall result showed 81.25% accuracy, which 13 of 16 images had been successfully identified. From these result, extraction feature of GLCM using back propagation method was capable to recognize the pattern of pulmonary disease. However, due to narrow range of the feature, this application may not be used optimally for comparing features in every category of images. Therefore, the further research is needed to determine the best features and parameters of training back propagation. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Pattern recognition

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