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10th International Conference on Smart Computing and Communication, ICSCC 2024

作者： Pancane, I Wayan Dikse Putra, I Putu Gelgel Astika Gede Suarjana, I Wayan Supranartha, Agus Universitas Pendidikan Nasional Electrical Engineering Study Program Denpasar Indonesia Universitas Negeri Manado Faculty of Sport Science and Public Health Department of Public Health Sulawesi Indonesia Electro Enginering Elektrical Engineering Program Study Politechnic Negeri Bali Badung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363104

The objective of this research is to design and develop an integrated landslide early detection system at Tower Number Eight, 150 kV Gianyar. The research is expected to result in the construction of a communication system based on LoRa technology that will serve to reduce the potential damage from landslides. In order to achieve this, several parameters must be considered as benchmarks. These include RSSI, SNR, BER and PDR. The device operates by monitoring changes in position, soil moisture and rainfall, and then transmitting the data via LoRa technology. At the sink, the data is recorded and monitored for RSSI, SNR, PDR and BER values. In the test, the source 1 node, situated 300 metres away, exhibited an RSSI value of -100 to -109 dBm and an SNR value of 6.75 to -6.7 in both sunny and rainy weather, with a PDR value of 100%. The source 2 node, situated 600 metres away, exhibited an RSSI value of -97 to -109 dBm and an SNR value of 8.5 to -11.75 dB, with a PDR value of 70 to 100%. It should be noted that the number of bits in the sensor data sent is always complete. This is evidenced by the bit error ratio (BER) value, which is always 0 on both source nodes. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Soil moisture

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Effect of physical and biological pretreatment on sugarcane bagasse waste-based biogas production

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 87卷 41-44页

作者： Sumardiono S. Matin H.H.A. Sulistianingtias I. Nugroho T.Y. Budiyono B. Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Semarang 50239 Indonesia Study Program of Environmental Science Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta 57126 Indonesia Vocational School Universitas Diponegoro Semarang 50239 Indonesia

Sugarcane bagasse is a biomass with very potential, especially in agricultural countries. In this research, a study related to pretreatment and the ratio of C/N to biogas production from sugarcane bagasse was conducted. The study was carried out on a laboratory scale with physical pretreatment by grinding with a size of 6 mesh, then biological pretreatment with the microbial consortium 5 % g/V, and variations in the C/N ratio at 25 and 30. Cow rumen fluid was used in this study as a source of anaerobic bacteria and technical urea is used to adjust the C/N ratio. The solid total is set at 7 %. Based on research that has been carried out for 60 days, it was found that physical pretreatment by grinding with a size of 6 mesh can increase biogas production. Biogas production increased both at C/N ratio conditions of 25 and 30. Furthermore, biological pretreatment with the microbial consortium 5 % g/V was proven to increase biogas production at both C/N ratios of 25 and 30. Further studies on the C/N ratio, it was found that the C/N ratio of 25 was better than the C/N ratio of 30. This is evident in several variables, including raw and fine substrate conditions, as well as on variables with or without a microbial consortium, with the amount of biogas productivity at a C/N 25 ratio of 53-90.5 % higher than the C/N 30 ratio. © 2023 The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biogas Biological pretreatment Physical pretreatment Sugarcane bagasse

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Exploring Irradiation as a Means to Toughen and Improve the Impact Resistance of Dolomite Filled PP/r-PET Composites

Exploring Irradiation as a Means to Toughen and Improve the ...

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Green Materials and Electronic Packaging Interconnect Technology Symposium, EPITS 2024

作者： Ibrahim, Ismail Ramalingam, Aiswaria Mohammad Shirajuddin, Siti Salwa Abdul Razak, Mohd Fairul Sharin Zainol, Mohd Hafiz Kaew-On, Jatuporn Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology University Malaysia Perlis Perlis Kangar01000 Malaysia Agency Nucklear Malaysia Selangor Kajang43000 Malaysia Mechanical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Thaksin University of Thailand Khao Rup Chang Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9789819628704

This study investigates the effects of irradiation on the mechanical properties of dolomite-filled polypropylene (PP)/recycled polyethylene terephthalate (r-PET) composites across varying filler ratios. Composites with PP/r-PET ratios of 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, and 60/40, each containing 3% dolomite, were subjected to irradiation doses of 0, 30, and 90 kGy. Tensile and impact tests, along with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for surface morphology analysis, were employed to investigate performance changes post-irradiation. It is expected that the composite with a 90/10 PP/r-PET ratio at a 30 kGy dose will demonstrate the highest tensile and impact strengths, while increased irradiation doses are predicted to reduce mechanical properties across other ratios. For raw PP, elongation at break is anticipated to reach its peak post-irradiation, with the 90 kGy dose likely yielding the highest Young’s modulus. Morphologically, non-irradiated samples are expected to exhibit fewer microcracks and retain greater structural integrity. Overall, the study aims to elucidate how irradiation influences the enhancement or reduction of mechanical properties in these composites, dependent on composition and irradiation dose. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Polyethylenes

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Relationship between drought and soil erosion based on the normalized differential water index(NDWI)and revised universal soil loss equation(RUSLE)model

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第4期5卷 133-144页

作者： Muhammad RENDANA Wan Mohd Razi IDRIS Febrinasti ALIA Supli Effendi RAHIM Muhammad YAMIN Muhammad IZZUDIN Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas SriwijayaIndralaya30662Indonesia Master Program of Environmental Management Graduate SchoolUniversitas SriwijayaPalembang30139Indonesia Department of Earth Sciences and Environment Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi43600Malaysia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas SriwijayaIndralaya30662Indonesia Master Program of Agricultural Sciences Graduate Study ProgramUniversitas Muhammadiyah PalembangPalembang30263Indonesia Department of Agribusiness Faculty of AgricultureUniversitas SriwijayaIndralaya30662Indonesia Department of Sociology Faculty of Social and Political SciencesUniversitas SriwijayaIndralaya30662Indonesia

The Langat River Basin in Malaysia is vulnerable to soil erosion risks because of its exposure to intensive land use activities and its topography,which primarily consists of steep slopes and mountainous ***,climate change frequently exposes this basin to drought,which negatively affects soil and water ***,recent studies have rarely shown how soil reacts to drought,such as soil ***,the purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between drought and soil erosion in the Langat River *** analyzed drought indices using Landsat 8 satellite images in November 2021,and created the normalized differential water index(NDWI)via Landsat 8 data to produce a drought *** used the revised universal soil loss equation(RUSLE)model to predict soil *** verified an association between the NDWI and soil erosion data using a correlation *** results revealed that the southern and northern regions of the study area experienced drought *** predicted an average annual soil erosion of approximately 58.11 t/(hm^(2)·a).Analysis of the association between the NDWI and soil erosion revealed a strong positive correlation,with a Pearson correlation coefficient of *** assumed that the slope length and steepness factor was the primary contributor to soil erosion in the study *** a result,these findings can help authorities plan effective measures to reduce the impacts of drought and soil erosion in the future.

关键词： Drought Soil erosion Normalized differential water index(NDWI) Revised universal soil loss equation(RUSLE) Langat River Basin

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Valorization of Aloe barbadensis Miller. (Aloe vera) Processing Waste

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第3期11卷 1031-1061页

作者： Jeltzlin Semerel Nigel John Wim Dehaen Pedro Fardim SISSTEM Program Faculty of Arts and ScienceUniversity of ArubaOranjestadAruba Department of Chemistry KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Department of Chemical Engineering KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium

Aloe vera plant is known worldwide for its medicinal properties and application in gel-based products such as shampoo,soap,and ***,the demand for these gel-based products has led to a surplus production of Aloe vera processing *** Aloe vera gel processing facility could generate up to 4000 kg of Aloe vera waste per *** the Aloe vera waste is being disposed to the landfill or used as fertilizer.A sustainable management system for the Aloe vera processing waste should be considered,due to the negative societal and environmental impacts of the currents waste disposal ***,this review focuses on various approaches that can be used to valorize Aloe vera waste into value-added products,such as animal and aquaculture feeds,biosorbents,biofuel and natural *** have reported Aloe vera waste for environmental applications biosorbents used for wastewater treatment of various *** studies have also reported on the valorization of Aloe vera waste for production of biofuels such as bioethanol,mixed alcohol fuels,biogas and *** vera waste could also be valorized through isolation and synthesis of natural polymers for application in wound dressing,tissue engineering and drug delivery *** vera waste valorization was also reviewed through extraction of value-added bioactive compounds such as aloe-emodin,aloin and *** value-added bioactive compounds have various applications in the cosmetics(non-steroidal anti-inflammatory,tyrosinase inhibitors)and pharmaceutical(anticancer agent and COVID 19 inhibitors)industry.

关键词： Aloe vera waste processing biomass conversion anthraquinone aloe-emodin aloin aloeresin

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Comparative performance analysis between conventional and square cyclones for solid Particle-Gas Separation: A review

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2022年 63卷 S318-S325页

作者： Malahayati, Nur Darmadi, D. Alisa Putri, Cut Mairiza, Lia Rinaldi, Wahyu Yunardi, Y. Master Program at the Chemical Engineering Dept. Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia

Conventional cylindrical-body cyclone separators have been in use in the industry for a long time due to their many benefits, including simple design and construction, low running costs, no moving parts, and significant particle collection efficiency. Many studies have been done on this cyclone type because of its utility in areas like mining and agriculture. A cyclone with a square body, rather than a cylindrical one, was introduced in the previous three decades. Square cyclones are not well-known in the industrial world yet. Still, they have several advantages over conventional cyclones, including faster construction, quicker integration with boilers, and improved thermal efficiency when used with fluidized bed circulation-type boilers. This research compares the performance of square and conventional cyclones in terms of collecting efficiency and pressure drop. Factors including solid loading ratio, gas entry velocity, gas viscosity, and cyclone shape affect pressure drop and separation efficiency. According to data from published papers, conventional cyclones outperform square cyclones in terms of collection efficiency. However, simulation studies have shown that the pressure drop in a square cyclone is less than that in a cylindrical cyclone. Given that square cyclones are more straightforward to fabricate than conventional cyclones, the findings of this paper open up a lot of room for more research into developing square cyclones that can equal the performance of conventional cyclones. © 2022

关键词： Pressure drop

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Effect of High-Flow Nasal Cannula on Capnogram Waveform for studying Non-Invasive Human Ventilation 2

Effect of High-Flow Nasal Cannula on Capnogram Waveform for ...

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2nd IEEE National Biomedical engineering Conference, NBEC 2023

作者： Tirta Nindhia, Tjokorda Gde Aqila Mohammed, Nursyasa Jamaludin, Julia Jais Devandran, Pagupathi Angel Bhaswara, Nabiel Rafa Hutajulu, Thalitakum Malarvili, M.B. Udayana University Jimbaran Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Engineering Faculty Bali Indonesia Universiti Teknologi Malaysia School of Biomedical and Health Science Engineering Johor Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350338546

This study is conducted to compare three different cannulas;all purpose nasal cannula with 2 prongs, nasal pressure cannula with 2 prongs and single port nasal cannula which are commonly used for capnography device. These cannulas or sometimes called as nasal prong is connected to the device via nose of subjects studied. This procedure is a part of respiratory study to monitor lungs condition and breathing pattern. This study involves 47 subject where the exhaled breath was recorded to make comparison and choose the most suitable and effective for capnography waveform analysis. Utilizing Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to find the normality of all the nasal cannula data based on capnogram waveform. The result from the analysis shows that the frequency distribution for type 1 nasal cannula which is also known as all-purpose nasal cannula had the feature values closer to the standard value. Our study proofs that all purpose nasal cannula sampling is the most suitable to capture exhaled breath for monitoring respiratory conditions. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： capnography CO2 monitoring, feature extraction nasal cannula

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Modelling the development of biological structures displaying longitudinal geometries in vitro:culturing pluripotent stem cells on plasma-treated,growth factor-coupled polycaprolactone fibres

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Engineered Regeneration 2024年第1期5卷 124-138页

作者： Badwi B.Boumelhem Stuart T.Fraser Syamak Farajikhah Rachel A.Shparberg Michael B.Morris Marcela M.M.Bilek Anyu Zhang Behnam Akhavan Simon Fleming Maryanne Large School of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of SydneyAustralia Sydney Nano Institute University of SydneyAustralia School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of SydneyAustralia School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneyAustralia School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of SydneyAustralia School of Engineering University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Hunter Medical Research Institute(HMRI) Precision Medicine ProgramNew Lambton Heights NSW 2305Australia

Many biological structures such as nerves,blood and lymphatic vessels,and muscle fibres exhibit longitudinal ge-ometries with distinct cell types extending along both the length and width of internal linear *** these three-dimensional structures in vitro is challenging:the best-defined stem-cell differentiation systems are mono-layer cultures or organoids using pluripotent stem *** stem cells can differentiate into functionally mature cells depending on the signals received,holding great promise for regenerative ***,the integration of in vitro differentiated cell types into diseased tissue remains a *** scaffolds can bridge this gap if the appropriate signalling systems are incorporated into the ***,we have taken a biomimicry approach to generate longitudinal structures in *** this approach,mouse embryonic stem cells are directed to differentiate to specific cell types on the surface of polycaprolactone(PCL)fibres treated by plasma-immersion ion implantation and to which with lineage-specifying molecules have been covalently *** demonstrate the simplicity and utility of our method for efficiently generating high yields of the following cell types from these pluripotent stem cells:neurons,vascular endothelial cells,osteoclasts,adipocytes,and cells of the erythroid,myeloid,and lymphoid *** arranged plasma-treated scaffolds with differentiated cell types could ultimately serve as a means for the repair or treatment of diseased or damaged tissue.

关键词： Pluripotent stem cells Lineage commitment Growth factors Biomaterial engineering Plasma-immersion ion implantation Covalent biomolecule attachment Polycaprolactone

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Hydrolysis process of oil palm empty fruit bunches for bioethanol production with Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Hydrolysis process of oil palm empty fruit bunches for bioet...

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3rd International Conference on chemical engineering and Applied Sciences, ICChEAS 2022

作者： Ahmad, Adrianto Chairul Rita, Nervi Wulandari, Riska Alvia Sari, Vini Bioprocess Technology Laboratory Lecturer of Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering of Undergraduate Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Riau Indonesia Chemical Engineering Student Binawidya Campus Km 12.5 Simpang Baru Panam Pekanbaru28293 Indonesia

Energy currently become a particular concern because its availability is increasingly limited. Energy is used for various purposes such as industry, transportation and households. Almost all countries completely depend on fossil fuels, especially petroleum. The global increase in energy needs and the dwindling availability of fossil energy have triggered current attention. Therefore, other alternative sources are needed to produce energy. This alternative refers to renewable alternative energy sources that are environmentally friendly and based on biological energy sources, namely bioethanol. Bioethanol can be produced from agricultural waste containing lignocellulosic biomass, such as oil palm empty fruit *** research consisted of six procedures. The firsth was the pre-treatment of raw materials to reduce the sizes of raw materials to 40 mesh. The second was delignification to reduce lignin content with the help of a solution of empty oil palm fruit bunch ash extract. The third was purification using H2O23% with a ratio of 1:10 and adding NaOH 1M, and in shaker at 200rpm, at a temperature of 100 for an hour. The fourth was hydrolysis to break down polysaccharides in lignocellulosic biomass, namely cellulose and hemicellulose, into sugar. This step employedvariations of 1M, 2M, and 3M of hydrochloric acid, a ratio of 1:20, and a temperature of 100 or threehours. The fifth was neutralizing the filtrate, using 50% NaOH to pH 4.5-5 The sixth was to convert sugar into bioethanol with the help of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as much as 4 g/L with variations in fermentation time of 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120h. The optimum results obtained in this researchwere variations in HCl concentration of 2M with a sugar content of 11,661 g/L. Meanwhile the best bioethanol content is at a fermentation time of 96h by 6% (v/v). © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrolysis

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Physical Properties of Biochar Produced from Pyrolysis of Arabica Coffee Pulp: The Effect of Pre-Washing Process 3

Physical Properties of Biochar Produced from Pyrolysis of Ar...

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3rd International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in Mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2022

作者： Setiawan, A. Muhammad, F. Nurjannah, S. Riskina, S. Muhammad Hakim, L. Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Jalan Batam Kampus Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia Magister Program in Renewable Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikusssaleh Jalan Batam Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia

Coffee pulp is a potential source of biomass which abundantly available in coffee exporter countries such as Brazil, Colombia, Indonesia etc. It is necessary to develop technologies to convert coffee pulp into value-added products. This study aims to investigate the slow pyrolysis process of arabica coffee pulp in a pilot scale reactor and evaluate the properties of resulting biochar. Prior to pyrolysis experiment, some of coffee pulp were soaked in tap water for 20 h with a ratio of water to coffee pulps of 1:5. As comparison, another set of pyrolysis experiment was carried out without soaking and washing of feedstock. The pyrolysis process was carried out in a batch reactor at temperatures within the range of 400 to 420°C. During the run, the reaction temperature versus time was recorded and products yield were quantified. Characterization of biochar product was performed under proximate, bomb calorimeter and density analyses. The yield of biochar and pyrolytic oil, respectively were 33% and 36%. Biochar characterization results suggested a significant decrease in the ash content when washing pretreatment was applied. Increases in the calorific value and bulk density were also observed from pre-washed coffee pulp sample. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Pyrolysis

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