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Converting arabica coffee pulp into biofuel: An evaluation on catalyst properties and performance

AIP Conference Proceedings 2025年第1期3223卷

作者： Syarifah Hanifatun Nisa Adi Setiawan Cut Aja Rahmawati Syarifah Rahimatun Nisa Shafira Riskina Siti Nurjannah Muhammad Lukman Hakim Magister Program in Renewable Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikusssaleh Jalan Batam Bukit Indah 24352 Lhokseumawe Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Jalan Batam Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe 24352 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe Lhokseumawe 24301 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Jalan Batam Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe 24352 Indonesia

Bio-crude oil from biomass has attracted the attention of many researchers due to its potential as a source of environmentally friendly fuel. The pyrolysis process mainly produces pyrolytic oil which cannot be directly used as fuel due to its high water and oxygen contents, high viscosity, low heating value and other poor properties. In this study, a benzene product was synthesized from bio-crude oil which was produced from the pyrolysis of Gayo arabica coffee pulp. The pyrolysis process of coffee pulp was performed in a 30-litre vessel at a temperature of 420°C. The resulting bio-crude oil was then analyzed under the GC-MS to find out the pyrolytic oil composition. A set-up for bio-crude oil conversion was then prepared using vanadium oxide supported on zeolite catalyst. The catalysts were prepared using the wet impregnation method by varying the concentration of NH4VO3 precursors from 0.1 to 0.2 and 0.3 M. Catalyst characterization was performed under TGA, XRD and FT-IR analyses. The catalytic cracking process of bio-crude oil was carried out using the reflux method where 150 ml bio-crude oil was mixed with 50 g catalyst in a three-neck flask and then heated at 350°C for 2 h. The resulting liquid was then filtered and distilled at 80°C to obtain benzene compounds. Based on XRD analysis results it was observed that all curves have a similar pattern for each type of catalyst, suggesting the peak of 2θ = 27° ascertained the existence of V2O5 on zeolite support. The GC-MS chromatograms indicate a significant yield of benzene detected from distilled product where the highest benzene concentration was 10.58%. Overall, V2O5 supported on the zeolite catalyst is technically feasible for the conversion of bio-crude oil into benzene.

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Synergistic Polydopamine/Graphene Oxide Hybrids: Elevating Electrochemical Performance

ACS Electrochemistry

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ACS Electrochemistry 2025年第4期1卷 453-464页

作者： Busra Ozlu Saimon Moraes Silva Simon E. Moulton Bong Sup Shim Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering Inha University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon 22212 Republic of Korea Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science The Biomedical and Environmental Sensor Technology (BEST) Research Centre La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria 3086 Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Victoria 3122 Australia；Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne Melbourne Victoria 3065 Australia；Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute Swinburne University of Technology Melbourne Victoria 3122 Australia Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering Inha University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon 22212 Republic of Korea；Department of Chemical Engineering Inha University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon 22212 Republic of Korea

Melanin, a natural biopolymer with a conjugated backbone, stands out as a promising candidate for bioelectronics owing to its redox activity, metal ion chelation, hydration-dependent electrical response, wet adhesion, potential electronic transport, anti-inflammatory properties, and excellent thermal stability. In this study, we explore the impact of hybridizing liquid crystalline graphene oxide (LCGO) into the conductive melanin-like polymer polydopamine (PDA) on the morphology, stability, and synergistic electrochemical performance. Our findings reveal that the gold electrode coated with PDA:LCGO composites exhibit more than two orders of magnitude lower impedance and more than 100 times higher charge storage capacity compared to both bare gold electrodes and those coated with pure PDA. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the morphology and the electrode performance could be tuned by adjusting the synthesis parameters in the PDA:LCGO electrochemical deposition. This PDA:LCGO composite, with its superior electrochemical performance, holds promise for diverse bioelectronics applications ranging from biosensors to implantable bionic interfaces.

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Electrochemical sensor based on CuO nanorods for the quantification of cyanide in mineral processing samples

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Journal of Industrial and engineering Chemistry 2025年

作者： Vilasó-Cadre, Javier E. Ramírez-Rodríguez, Alondra Hidalgo, Juan Santiago Reyes-Domínguez, Iván A. Cruz, Roel Thangarasu, Pandiyan Rodríguez-Torres, Israel Alonso-Torres, Sócrates González-Fernández, Lázaro A. Institute of Metallurgy. Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí Sierra Leona Av. 550 San Luis Potosí78210 Mexico "Babes-Bolyai" University Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Research Center of Electrochemistry and Non-Conventional Materials Arany Janos St.11 Cluj-Napoca 400028 Romania Insurgentes Sur Av. 1582 Mexico City03940 Mexico Ciudad Universitaria Mexico City04510 Mexico Multidisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí78000 Mexico

In this work, a CuO nanomaterial was synthesized and used for the development of electrochemical sensors for cyanide quantification in mineral flotation and leaching samples. The synthesis of tenorite nanorods (CuO NR) was performed by the chemical precipitation method. Two sensors were prepared: one by modifying a glassy carbon electrode using the drop-casting technique and the other by modifying a carbon paste electrode. The electrodes were optimized using response surface experimental designs. The modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited issues related to the destabilization of the CuO NR/Chitosan composite. Consequently, the carbon paste electrode was selected for the analytical validation and application in real samples. The analytical response was obtained in the range of 0.1 to 16.7 mmol/L. Quantification of real samples exhibited consistency with the volumetric method. The sensor demonstrated repeatability and reproducibility over a 30-day period. The interfering effect of a dithiophosphate collector on the electrochemical signal of cyanide was demonstrated. The electroactive area was calculated to be 0.0622 cm2, larger than that of the unmodified electrode. Diffusion was found to be the controlling process for the oxidation of cyanide at the electrode surface. In addition, a lower charge transfer resistance was found when the modified electrode was used. The sensor was demonstrated to facilitate the quantification of cyanide in complex samples with high solids content, which are commonly found in the mineral processing industry. © 2025 The Korean Society of Industrial and engineering Chemistry

关键词： Flotation

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Utilization plastic waste using pyrolysis fixed bed 1

Utilization plastic waste using pyrolysis fixed bed

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1st International Conference on Design, Energy, Materials and Manufacture, ICDEMM 2018

作者： Swamardika, I.B.A. Winaya, I.N.S. Hartati, R.S. Study Program of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Udayana Indonesia Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Udayana Indonesia

This investigative research aims to convert urban non-organic waste fuels such as plastic waste into energy using fixed bed pyrolysis technology. Pyrolysis fixed bed (PFB) is one of the most efficient technologies for converting various types of undegradable solid waste into thermal energy and liquid fuels with high efficiency. The study was conducted on a lab-scale PFB reactor with dimensions of 15 cm and 55 cm in diameter and bed height respectively. The reactor is equipped with a cooling and decomposition system to accommodate liquid and gas products. Reactor temperature variations using an external heater were tested and quartz sands were selected as a bed material to improve the temperature function of the PFB reactor so as the maximum quality and quantity of liquid product were obtained. The fuel properties of the derived oil were tested including their physical properties, calorific value, elemental measurement (CHNOS) analysis. The results of the study showed that the increase in temperature resulted in an increased pyrolysis performance which was indicated by the increased volume and liquid caloric value. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Pyrolysis

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A Conceptual Exploration of Generative AI-Induced Cognitive Dissonance and its Emergence in University-Level Academic Writing

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Seran, Carl Errol Tan, Myles Joshua Toledo Karim, Hezerul Abdul AlDahoul, Nouar Biology Program College of Arts and Sciences University of St. La Salle Bacolod Philippines Department of Natural Sciences College of Arts and Sciences University of St. La Salle Bacolod Philippines Faculty of Education University of the Philippines Open University Los Baños Philippines Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering University of Florida GainesvilleFL United States Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health and Health Professions College of Medicine University of Florida GainesvilleFL United States Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering and Technology University of St. La Salle Bacolod Philippines Department of Electronics Engineering College of Engineering and Technology University of St. La Salle Bacolod Philippines Yo-Vivo Corporation Bacolod Philippines Faculty of Engineering Multimedia University Persiaran Multimedia Cyberjaya Malaysia Department of Computer Science Division of Science New York University Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

The integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) intouniversity-level academic writing presents both opportunities and challenges,particularly in relation to cognitive dissonance (CD). This work explores howGenAI serves as both a trigger and amplifier of CD, as students navigateethical concerns, academic integrity, and self-efficacy in their writingpractices. By synthesizing empirical evidence and theoretical insights, weintroduce a hypothetical construct of GenAI-induced CD, illustrating thepsychological tension between AI-driven efficiency and the principles oforiginality, effort, and intellectual ownership. We further discuss strategiesto mitigate this dissonance, including reflective pedagogy, AI literacyprograms, transparency in GenAI use, and discipline-specific task *** approaches reinforce critical engagement with AI, fostering a balancedperspective that integrates technological advancements while safeguarding humancreativity and learning. Our findings contribute to ongoing discussions on AIin education, self-regulated learning, and ethical AI use, offering aconceptual framework for institutions to develop guidelines that align AIadoption with academic values. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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The treatment of Raw Water Sources of Drinking Water using Chitosan/Mg/Al-LDH Composites: Problem cases in Municipal Waterworks in Banjarmasin

The treatment of Raw Water Sources of Drinking Water using C...

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Joint International Conference on Civil, Environmental, and Geo engineering 2019, JIC-CEGE 2019

作者： Irawan, C. Ramadhan, M.W. Nata, I.F. Putra, M.D. Chemical Engineering Study Program Engineering Faculty Lambung Mangkurat University Banjarbaru South Kalimantan Indonesia

A study was done on treatment of raw water sources for drinking water using chitosan/Mg-Al LDH (CS/Mg/Al-LDH) composites by adsorption process. An analysis on the adsorbent characterizations of FTIR, SEM and XRF showed that the CS/Mg/Al-LDH had many different functional groups and a high specific surface area for adsorption processes. The CS/Mg/Al-LDH showed high adsorption uptake capacity and selectivity for iron (Fe), turbidity, and colour in the raw water sources for drinking water in Municipal Waterworks in Banjarmasin. Therefore, the CS/Mg/Al-LDH composites have the potential to be used as an adsorbent in water and wastewater treatment. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Potable water

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The use of Carica papaya seeds as bio coagulant for laundry wastewater treatment

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Journal of engineering and Applied Science 2024年第1期71卷 99页

作者： Vezar, Siti Alfinna Naulita Belinda, Zeriyatina Tri Rendana, Muhammad Agustina, Tuty Emilia Nasir, Subriyer Hanum, Laila Andarini, Desheila Undergraduate Student of Chemical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sriwijaya Sumatra Selatan Indralaya30662 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sriwijaya Sumatra Selatan Indralaya30662 Indonesia Biology Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Sriwijaya Sumatra Selatan Indralaya30662 Indonesia Public Health Program Study Faculty of Public Health Universitas Sriwijaya Sumatra Selatan Indralaya30662 Indonesia

The study aims to analyze the effectiveness of wastewater treatment by using Carica papaya seeds as bio coagulants to diminish total suspended solids (TSS) and excess phosphate. This method has some advantages because it does not use chemical materials, is simple to apply, and is safe for the environment and human health. The wastewater samples were taken from an active laundry site in Palembang City, South Sumatra Province of Indonesia. The study found that the best dosage of coagulant was 3 g for the wastewater samples. The pH and BOD parameters showed slight changes after treatment, with pH 7.63–7.19 and 33–27 mg/L values, respectively. The TSS removal efficiency ranged from 9.3 to 15.6%, while the COD and phosphate removals were obtained from 11.7 to 39.3% and 56.3 to 68.4%, respectively. The treated TSS, COD, and phosphate concentrations have met the Indonesian domestic wastewater quality standard and environmental protection organization (EPO) guidelines. In addition, the statistical analysis and t-test showed significant differences (p © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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Investigation of Austempering Effect on Fatigue Crack Growth of AISI 4140 Steel

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Defect and Diffusion Forum 2024年 431卷 115-120页

作者： Badaruddin, Mohammad Ainnayah, Reza Annisa Wijaya, Rizqy Nurully Sumardi, Slamet Lampung Selatan Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Lampung Indonesia Undergraduate Study Program at the Department of M echanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Lampung Indonesia

The compact tension (CT) and tensile specimens of the AISI 4140 steel in cold rolling condition (untreated steel) were austempered by immersing it into the salt bath at 362℃ for 60 minutes. The tensile strength properties and the fatigue crack growth (FCG) resistance were performed to investigate the effect of the austempering process in AISI 4140 steel. A significant increase in the yield strength for austempered steel is about 8.7 % and the elastic strain energy increases by 55.7 %. Austempered steel's fatigue crack cycle is longer than that of untreated steel. Data of stress intensity factor range (ΔK, MPa.m1/2) and FCG rate (da/dN, m/cycle) was constructed in double log plot x-y axes for determining the materials constants m and C according to Paris’s law equation using a linear regression method. From the curve of ΔK versus da/dN, the constant m value for austempered steel (m = 3.45) shows better resistance than untreated steel (m = 3.77). On the other hand, the constant C value of 1.409×10-12 for austempered steel is one order magnitude higher than that of untreated steel (C = 4.151×10-13). The resistance of austempered steel against fatigue crack growth can be attributed to the formation of a bainite structure. © 2024 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

关键词： Stress intensity factors

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Boosting sodium-ion battery performance through the sodium doped titanium carbide and iron selenide interfaces: Experimental validation and DFT insights

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Journal of Energy Storage 2025年 127卷

作者： Ali, Subhan Shahab, Muhammad Ahmad, Israr Ali, Roshan M. EL-Sherbeeny, Ahmed Abukhadra, Mostafa R. Ibrahim, Mohammad Khan, Momin Ullah, Sana Khan, Javed Ali Ali, Asad Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences Department of Chemistry Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan 23200 Pakistan College of physical sciences University of Chinese academy of sciences 100049 China Industrial engineering department College of engineering King Saud university P.O. Box 800 Riyadh11421 Saudi Arabia Materials technologies and their applications lab Faculty of science Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef City Egypt Institute for advanced study Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman Jordan

Titanium carbides are the rising electrode materials for sodium ion batteries (SIBS) due to their lofty speculative specific capacity. However, the restacking of these materials limits their active sites resulting in restrained electrochemical performance. To address this limitation herein, we propose the synergy of antiferromagnetic sodium doped Titanium carbide (Na6-Ti3C2-Tx (x = O, F)) and Iron selenide (Fe1.3Se) heterojunction, by in-situ solid-state synthesis, as anode material in which the restacking is greatly diminished. The Na6-Ti3C2-Tx/Fe1.3Se has increased surface area leading to enhanced interaction at electrode-electrolyte interface, abundant active sites for absorption and desorption of Na+, enhanced electrical conductivity that facilitate transfer of charge carriers and overall elevated electrochemical performance of the SIB. The synergy of anti-ferromagnetism of Na6-Ti3C2-Tx and Fe1.3Se leads to enhancement of the charge density at the interfaces leading to better electrochemical performance and morphological stability envisioned by ex-situ XRD and TEM analysis. The anti-ferromagnetism determination was supported by Vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and DFT calculations. The fabricated device, which comprise of Na6-Ti3C2-Tx/Fe1.3Se as anode and Na foil as a counter and reference electrode, delivers exceptional reversible capacity of 227 mAh/g, power density of 26.66 W/kg and energy density of 266.66 Wh/kg with cyclic efficiency retention of 94 % over 500 cycles. This research will open new paradigms in developing highly stable electrode materials for high power density SIBs. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries

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Effect of Additive chemicals on Soil Characteristics 2

Effect of Additive Chemicals on Soil Characteristics

引用

2nd International Conference on Computer, Science, engineering, and Technology, ICComSET 2019

作者： Sutarman, Encu Widjajani Dwipriyoko, Estiyan Civil Engineering Study Program Engineering Faculty Universitas Langlangbuana Bandung Indonesia Industrial Engineering Study Program Engineering Faculty Universitas Langlangbuana Bandung Indonesia Informatics Study Program Engineering Faculty Universitas Langlangbuana Bandung Indonesia

The occurrence of landslides in the hills of Walahir, Kidang Pananjung village, Cililin subdistrict. Bandung in May 2004 needed attention and research so that the causes of the landslide could be identified. This landslide took many lives and property, heaped around 5 hectares of rice fields and residents' villages below and claimed 15 lives. Based on geotechnical investigations, the slip plane is at a depth of 4 meters from the ground surface and the area of the landslide ranges from 30,000 m2 leaving weathered rock beneath. Is the opening of agricultural land and fields followed by the use of chemical fertilizers is one of the causes of landslides? This study aims to determine the effect of a single chemical fertilizer (Urea, Za, SP36) and compound (Green Giant NPK, MKP) on the soil under conditions of optimum water content and water saturation or soaked which are carried out at the chemical Laboratory of the Department of Energy and Mineral Resources of Bandung and Mechanics Laboratory Bandung Institute of Technology. Research on the influence of chemical fertilizers which is carried out using percentages of 1%, 2% and 3% with a relatively short ripening time intends to analyze the extent to which chemical fertilizers have an effect. Research is limited to the identification of minerals and chemical elements of original soil, soil physis properties, Atterberg boundaries, soil index properties, soil classification, soil elastic modulus. Hypothesis;The chemical content of fertilizers in the soil causes changes in soil characteristics. The method of taking original soil is by drilling original soil around the area where landslide disaster occurred at the same height as the height of the landslide slope, soil samples taken from depths of 1 meter and 3 meters from the surface of the land or the base layer between soil and rocks based on ASTM D-1452, 1587, 1586. Laboratory data from the original soil and chemical soil mixture of fertilizers is needed as input data for

关键词： Landslides

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