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3rd International Conference on chemical and Material engineering, ICCME 2018

作者： Sumardiono, S. Putri, A.W.Z. Jos, B. Pudjihastuti, I. Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Jl Prof. H. Soedarto SH Tembalang Semarang50275 Indonesia Master Program in Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Indonesia

One of popular peanut-based food product in Indonesia is coated peanuts. Coated nuts are peanuts wrapped in a flour batter and then fried until it dry. Coated peanut quality is influenced by the nature and characteristics of the flour used. Tapioca starch used as a coating on coated peanut products are expected to have a crispness and a good baking expansion. Natural starch has some lack, which it requires a long cooking time and pasta is formed loud and unclear. To improve the performance of the starch used, native starch is modified by physical, chemical or enzymatic process into diversified products with better functionality. In this work, modified starch is obtained by three different modification process, namely process of fermentation using Lactic Acid Bacteria, process of hydrolysis using lactic acid and process of esterification using lactid acid and ethanol. The analysis include the analysis of swelling power, solubility, determination of amylose content, crispness and level of dough development. Modified starch is expected to have optimal crispness and optimal baking expansion. From the result shown modification by hydrolysis give better characteristic of modified starch than the result of esterification and fermentation. Adding UV rays during modification give significant impact for starch. After modification is complete, drying under sunlight or drying with oven has their own strenght and weakness. The optimum variable from this research is wet tapioca starch which modified by esterification with adding UV rays and drying using direct sunlight which have swelling power 21,74 g/g, solubility 18,30%, expansion ability 1457,7%, and crispy starch value 345,8 gf. © 2019 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Fermentation

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Improving loss of load probability through biomass power plant integration: A case study in Tanjung Balai Karimun 2

Improving loss of load probability through biomass power pla...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Innovative Research and Development, ICIRD 2019

作者： Sunarwoko Elsafan, Erick Suhaimi, Lalu Hudaya, Chairul Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok16424 Indonesia Energy System Engineering Master Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok Indonesia Department of Metallurgy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Teknologi Sumbawa NTB Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728128252

Many regions in Indonesia are still lack of electricity due to geographical condition in the form of archipelago, including Tanjung Balai Karimun District, in Kepulauan Riau Province, Indonesia. Therefore, using local renewable resources to fulfill load demand is better than relying on utility grid. The potential of using biomass waste, for instance oil palm and coconut residues, as renewable energy resources should be an optional decision to make improvement, not only for the reliability of existing power system itself but also to meet the load demand generally available in every region of Indonesia. In 2016, Karimun Regency in Riau Islands Province as a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is growing rapidly in economic and facing electrical energy crisis simultaneously. Addressing this problem, the government has taken an action by making amendment on the policy that consciously planned to increase the capacity of power plants, in particular Oil and Gas Power Plants (OGPP) in the period of 2018-2024. The objective of this study is to evaluate the reliability of Tanjung Balai Karimun power system based on its Loss of Load Probability (LOLP) index designed during the planning period of power plant addition. Then, the value of new LOLP index was recalculated after integrating new system of Biomass Power Plant (BPP). Based on LOLP calculation using recursive method, LOLP index in 2018 decreased from 3.63 days/year to 2.05 days/year, reflecting quality improvement of the power plant reliability. Integrating BPP into the existing power plant has powered up the capacity of 2.8 MW according to the availability of oil palm and coconut biomass waste. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Biomass

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Phytoremediation of phosphate using Typha sp. and Echinodorus palaefolius

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1832卷

作者： F L Fitria Y Dhokhikah Study Program of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Jember

Jember Regency is an agricultural area. Giving fertilizer is one of the agricultural activities. It usually contains a phosphate. If fertilizer is used too much, it will cause environmental pollution. The level of phosphate pollutants increase that can cause eutrophication. Phytoremediation is a plants utilization technology to reduce pollutants. This study aims to determine the effect of Typha sp. and Echinodorus palaefolius to reduce phosphate levels from fertilizer residues. The research reactor was a batch. The reactor used bed evapotranspiration system. Phytoremediation test analysis was carried out every two days for 8 days. Typha sp. and E. palaefolius on the day 8th observation levels phosphate were down by 90,33% and 92,86%. The most efficient in this experiment was E. palaefolius.

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Design Technology of Geographical Information System of Rice Pandanwangi Cianjur Prediction Factors Products

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1764卷

作者： Ai Musrifah Andri Adikusuma Sutono Informatics Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering University of Suryakancana

Cianjur is one of the renowned rice producers, particularly with the presence of Pandanwangi rice that can be grown in the Cianjur area. Pandanwangi has become one of Cianjur City's icons, the rice supremacy created by Pandanwangi Cianjur's tenacity and distinctive scent (pandanus fragrance). The Interest of pandanwangi was very high, both within the town of Cianjur and outside the town of Cianjur, but this was inversely proportional to the desires of the groups of farmers who appeared to prefer to plant rice other than Pandanwangi, on the grounds that the planting of Pandanwangi had a long harvest and that the likelihood of crop failure was also very high. Problems with information flows that are not well integrated between farmers' groups, farmers' group organizations, and the Agriculture Department in adjusting land details, planting time, planting location, estimating total harvest and harvesting time. To solve this problem, a framework must be built that can integrate the information needed for Pandanwangi Cianjur Harvest Prediction with Pandanwangi farmers' regional analysis based on geographic information system technology, using Google Maps Service.

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Advanced Blb Disease Assessment in Paddy Fields Using Multispectral Uav Data and Patch Fragmentation Metrics

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wijayanto, Arif Kurnia Prasetyo, Lilik Budi Hudjimartsu, Sahid Agustian Sigit, Gunardi Hongo, Chiharu Department of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecotourism Faculty of Forestry and Environment IPB University Bogor16680 Indonesia Ronpaku Fellow Tokyo102-0083 Japan Environmental Research Center IPB University Bogor16680 Indonesia Study Program of Information Technology Faculty of Science and Engineering Ibn Khaldun University Bogor16129 Indonesia Department Agriculture Forestry and Bioresources Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Regional Office of Food Crops Service West Java Province Cianjur43283 Indonesia Chiba University Chiba263-8522 Japan

This study presents a new method for assessing bacterial leaf blight (BLB) in paddy fields using multispectral UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) data through patch fragmentation analysis. Unlike traditional pixel-based methods, which often fail to capture the spatial context, our approach treats pixels as objects and analyzes their spatial relationships to evaluate BLB severity. We used six patch fragmentation metrics derived from binarized vegetation indices to classify BLB damage scores using a random forest algorithm. This method achieves high accuracy (AUC of 0.938) with a 0.5-meter sampling window, offering a more detailed assessment than conventional pixel-based analysis. This study highlights the benefits of incorporating the spatial context and improving BLB monitoring and management. This innovative approach allows agricultural stakeholders to gain valuable insights into the extent and severity of BLB disease infestation, enabling targeted intervention strategies for disease management and mitigation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pixels

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Mathematical Model of Traffic Speed and Capacity in the Archipelago Base

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2021年第1期1125卷

作者： A. Gaus T. Y. S. Muhammad U. S. H. Ambo N. Liska Civil Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Khairun

The transportation engineering developing who the application of the principal use planning, analysis and design to the disciplines comprising transportation: its vehicles, physical infrastructure, safety in travel, environment impacts and energy usage. The mathematical model in base archipelago was not much enough to research by transportation practiced. It had been of characteristic which different mainland. This paper using greenshields and greenberg models for approach real condition of the base archipelago. In the transportation involves working with the businessman, with industry, with citizen group, with elected officials, and with employes to the joint each segment of the public strip depended on at least one constructed facility. In this time there three components that included the discussion of the traffic of a microscop scale were flow, density and speed. At the greenshields model, the speed-density relationship show whose the value of speed higher than value of density lower with determination value 0,9755 where the curve of flow-density relationship show the value determination 0,8634 and for curva of flow-speed relationship showing whose maximum value of flow 1807 vehicles/hour at the value traffic speed 46 km/hour, traffic speed which at the lower or it the higher, so it condition given impact that the value of flow will going to low. on the other hand for greenberg model at speed-density relationship's determination 0,9463, density-flow relationship show that the value minimum of density is 25 vehicles/km while value of flow is 1400 vehicles/hour and the relationship between flow-speed curve show that value maximum flow 1750 vehicles/hour with value speed 37. Base the value of each condition, so the greenshields model was better than greenberg model for this research. The mathematical model of the traffic flow which approach the real condition for the base archipelago was greenshields model.

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Assessment of factors influencing Indonesian residents’ intention to use a deposit–refund scheme for PET bottle waste

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Circular Economy 2023年第4期2卷

作者： Amirudin, Akhmad Inoue, Chihiro Grause, Guido International Environmental Leadership Program Environmental Studies for Advance Society Department Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku University Aramaki Aza Aoba 6-6-20 Aoba-ku Sendai980-8579 Japan Department of Public Administration Faculty of Administrative Science Brawijaya University Malang65145 Indonesia School of Chemical Engineering University of Birmingham Edgbaston BirminghamB15 2TT United Kingdom

The collection rate is a difficult and important issue in the management of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle waste, as it is related to the behavior of the community to participate and comply with the system established by the government. One system that has been shown to increase the collection rate of PET bottle waste is the deposit–refund scheme (DRS). We tested residents’ intention to participate in the DRS using the theory of planned behavior and complemented it with several important variables that could influence the model. The method used is partial least square-structural equation modeling. The result of the study is that all the variables studied were positively influenced according to their respective paths. Nevertheless, environmental awareness is the latent variable with the strongest positive effect on attitude, and attitude has the strongest positive effect on intention. Public information is the latent variable that positively influences all variables related to intention. The proposed model can be applied globally to identify factors that influence recycling participation, particularly for DRS, and help achieve sustainable development goals while initiating a circular economy by recycling plastic bottle waste. © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Developing countries

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Emergent dimer-model topological order and quasi-particle excitations in liquid crystals: combinatorial vortex lattices

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Meng, Cuiling Wu, Jin-Sheng Kos, Žiga Dunkel, Jörn Nisoli, Cristiano Smalyukh, Ivan I. Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Hiroshima University Hiroshima Higashihiroshima Japan Department of Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Faculty of Mathematics and Physics University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia Department of Condensed Matter Physics Jožef Stefan Institute Ljubljana Slovenia Theoretical Division Physics of Condensed Matter and Complex Systems Center For Nonlinear Studies Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Liquid crystals have proven to provide a versatile experimental and theoretical platform for studying topological objects such as vortices, skyrmions, and hopfions. In parallel, in hard condensed matter physics, the concept of topological phases and topological order has been introduced in the context of spin liquids to investigate emergent phenomena like quantum Hall effects and high-temperature superconductivity. Here, we bridge these two seemingly disparate perspectives on topology in physics. Combining experiments and simulations, we show how topological defects in liquid crystals can be used as versatile building blocks to create complex, highly degenerate topological phases, which we refer to as ‘Combinatorial Vortex Lattices’ (CVLs). CVLs exhibit extensive residual entropy and support locally stable quasi-particle excitations in the form of charge-conserving topological monopoles, which can act as mobile information carriers and be linked via Dirac strings. CLVs can be rewritten and reconfigured on demand, endowed with various symmetries, and modified through laser-induced topological surgery — an essential capability for information storage and retrieval. We demonstrate experimentally the realization, stability, and precise optical manipulation of CVLs, thus opening new avenues for understanding and technologically exploiting higher-hierarchy topology in liquid crystals and other ordered media. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Laser surgery

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Improving the environmental performance of palm oil industry through the utilization of empty oil palm bunches as organic fertilizer and biochar for soil amendment

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Environmental Challenges 2025年 20卷

作者： Yusuf, Faradillah Raynita Suprihatin, Suprihatin Indrasti, Nastiti Siswi Agroindustrial Engineering Study Program of Graduate School IPB University West Java Bogor 16680 Indonesia Department of Agroindustrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural Technology IPB University West Java Bogor 16680 Indonesia

The palm oil industry plays a very important role in the Indonesian economy, as it contributes significantly to state revenue and employment. However, this industry also faces serious challenges related to its environmental impacts. Intensive crude palm oil (CPO) produces various forms of waste in large quantities, such as solid, gas, and liquid waste, which pollute the environment if not managed properly. One of the main wastes from the CPO industry is empty fruit bunches (EFB), which amount to around 23–28 % of the fresh fruit processed. This study aims to analyze the environmental impacts of palm oil mills using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach and evaluate the potential for improvements by utilizing EFB as base material for organic fertilizer and biochar as a soil amendment. The research was conducted at three palm oil mills in Indonesia. Data processing uses OpenLCA software version 2.3 combined with the Ecoinvent 3.9.1 database. The results of the study indicate that the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions comes from the use of synthetic fertilizers. The use of synthetic fertilizers can be reduced significantly by applying organic fertilizers and biochar produced from EFB. On average, the use of synthetic fertilizers per hectare can be reduced by using organic fertilizers or biochar by approximately 75.27 % and 34.85 % respectively. As a result, synthetic fertilizer input costs and the greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Biochar Environment impacts Life cycle assessment Organic fertilizer Palm oil mill Soil amendment

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Furfural hydrogenation into tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol under ambient conditions: Role of Ni-supported catalysts and hydrogen source

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Industrial Crops and Products 2023年第1期195卷

作者： Matsagar, Babasaheb M. Li, Tsai-Ho Van Chi, Nguyen Hossain, Md. Shahriar A. Ahamad, Tansir Li, Yi-Pei Wu, Kevin C.-W. Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei10617 Taiwan Faculty of Applied Technology School of Engineering and Technology Van Lang University 69/68 Dang Thuy Tram Binh Thanh District Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam The University of Queensland BrisbaneQLD4072 Australia Department of Chemistry College of Science King Saud University Saudi Arabia Molecular Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica No. 128 Sec. 2 Academia Road Taipei11529 Taiwan

Herein hydrogenation of biomass-derived furfural (FAL) catalyzed by Ni-supported catalysts and NaBH4 into tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) demonstrated in aqueous media under ambient reaction conditions. The activity of various Ni-supported catalysts (Ni/active carbon (Ni/AC);Ni/carbon black (Ni/CB);Ni/bone char (Ni/BC);Ni/C (derived from Ni-MOF)) compared for FAL hydrogenation. Ni/AC exhibited a high activity towards FAL hydrogenation into THFA (99% yield) compared to all other Ni-supported catalysts tested in this study. The results showed that hydrophobic nature of the AC support in Ni/AC, higher specific BET surface area, and smaller Ni particle size enhance the FAL hydrogenation proficiency towards THFA in aqueous media under milder reaction conditions. The FAL is efficiently hydrogenated with NaBH4 (hydrogen source). On the contrary, FAL is not hydrogenated in pure H2, suggesting a crucial role of NaBH4 in FAL hydrogenation. For the first time, the role of NaBH4 is investigated in detail for the hydrogenation of biomass-derived furans. The interaction of NaBO2 produced from NaBH4 with furfuryl alcohol (FOL) enhances the adsorption of the furan ring of FOL on the Ni surface via parallel geometry, resulting in efficient furan ring hydrogenation of FOL into THFA. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Biomass

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