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First-Attempt Application of Sponge Membrane Bioreactor Treating 3,4-Dichlorophenol Contaminated Wastewater at Different Hydraulic Retention Times

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Nhu Nguyet, Phan Nguyen, Thi-Kim-Ngan Thuan, Ngo Thi Yen, Duong Hoang Vo, Thi-Kim-Quyen Nguyen, Thi-Yen-Phuong Bui, Xuan-Thanh Watari, Takahiro Yamaguchi, Takashi Hatamoto, Masashi Faculty of Environment University of Science Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering International University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Master Program in Water Technology Reuse and Management Vietnamese German University Binh Duong Province Viet Nam Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nagaoka University of Technology Niigata Japan Department of Science of Technology Innovation Nagaoka University of Technology Niigata Japan

Chlorophenols (CPs) are priority pollutants which persist in the environment for up to 28 years. The release of Chlorophenol derivatives into aquatic environments poses serious risks to living beings because of their mutagenic, carcinogenic, genotoxic, and teratogenic effects. This study highlights the first application of a Sponge Membrane Bioreactor (Sponge-MBR) for treating 3,4-Dichlorophenol (3,4-DCP)-contaminated wastewater. Herein, a lab-scale Sponge-MBR was conducted to treat 3,4-DCP-contaminated wastewater at various hydraulic retention times (HRTs) ranging from 5 to 15 h in terms of organic matter and 3,4-DCP removal, and microbial community shifts. The sludge characteristics were also performed. Results showed that a rise in HRT at 5, 10 and 15 h increased the removal efficiencies of COD (84 – 94%) and 3,4-DCP (90 – 96%). Under 30-day operation period at optimal HRT (15 h), corresponding to OLR of 2.84 ± 0.18 kg COD·m-3·day-1, the removal efficiencies of both 3,4-DCP and COD were 96% with the average removal rate of 356 ± 83 mg COD·g-SS-1·day-1 and 1.62 ± 0.38 mg 3,4-DCP·g-SS-1·day -1. The attached biomass in sponge media was recorded higher than suspended biomass and contributed 49 – 66% of the total biomass, indicating that the microbial community shifts could degrade organic matter and remove 3,4-DCP. Proteobacteria dominated the microbial community because of their adaptability to environmental changes. The findings derived from this study provide useful perspectives on the application of Sponge-MBR treating 3,4-DCP-contaminated wastewater and offer Sponge-MBR as a potential alternative for treating wastewater contaminated with toxic chemicals. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biomass

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Quantitative HPLC analysis of flavonoid in three different solvent extracts in leaves of Gynura procumbens

Quantitative HPLC analysis of flavonoid in three different s...

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International Conference on Nanomaterials: Science, engineering and Technology 2019, ICoNSET 2019

作者： Adeib Idris, S. Markom, M. Abd Rahman, N. Mohd Ali, J. Faculty of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam Selangor40450 Malaysia Chemical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment UKM Bangi Selangor43600 Malaysia Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment UKM Bangi Selangor43600 Malaysia

In Malaysia, traditional folks call Gynura procumbens as Sambung nyawa or translated as longevity life. The name given might be because of the claim made by them that the leaves extracts seems to be valuable and possesses high theuraphatic potential treatment of various diseases. Extraction of the leaves have been conducted by many researchers to identify the properties for antidiabetic/antihyperglygemic, antihypertensive, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiimflammatory, antiulcer, anticancer, antiherpes and immunomodulatory. Extracts have been obtained using different solvent. Four alcoholic extracts and one water extract were studied separately. Soxhlet extraction was conducted in the following manner: plant material (3.0 g) was placed in the Soxhlet apparatus. Extraction process was carried out for three hours using 99.9% ethanol, methanol and water as a solvent (250 mL) until the solvent discoloration (3 hours). Yield of extraction techniques was determined by evaporating the solvent under vacuum using rotary evaporator. Previous research on solvent extraction of Gynura procumbens were also compared to whereby the methanol extract obtained by other researcher was 12.2%, ethanol extract with 14.73% and 27.83%. There is also one study extracting Gynura procumbens extracts via water, however the yield is not mentioned. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with ultra violet (UV) detector has been used for the separation and quantification of kaempferol from the Gynura procumbens leaves extract. Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography separation was performed, using 0.1% phosphoric acid:acetonitrile as eluent in mobile phase. Our results confirm previous reports concerning the presence of several flavonoids. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： High performance liquid chromatography

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Synthesis activated carbon from shell of Elaeis guineensis Jacq and modified with magnetite (AC-Fe3O4) as adsorbent for waste metal ion Pb(II) in waters

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期2970卷

作者： A. S. Zulaicha Buhani A. R. Nuralita A. Setiajaya Cosmetic Engineering Study Program Faculty of Sciences Sumatera Institute of Technology Jl. Terusan Ryacudu Way Huwi Jati Agung South Lampung 35365 Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Lampung Jl. Sumantri Brojonegoro No 1 Bandar Lampung Lampung 34154 Indonesia Environmental Engineering Study Program Faculty of Sciences Sumatera Institute of Technology Jl. Terusan Ryacudu Way Huwi Jati Agung South Lampung 35365 Indonesia

In this study, the manufacture of palm shell activated carbon was obtained from PT Inti Sentosa Alam Bahtera (ISAB) Lampung. The content of cellulose is quite large, namely 45% and hemicellulose 26%, which causes this oil palm shell to be used as a basic material for making activated carbon. This study proposes to modify activated carbon using magnetite (AC-Fe3O4). Modified physical-chemical activated carbon is exhausted as an adsorbent which has the advantage of facilitating the filtration or separation process with the adsorbate. The adsorbent test used an adsorbate in the form of heavy metal ions Pb(II). The XRD characterization of AC-Fe3O4 has intensity peaks at 2θ at 30, 35, 43, and 56° which are consistent with the XRD pattern of magnetite. SEM-EDX characterization was also carried out to see differences in morphology and elemental composition between unmodified activated carbon and AC-Fe3O4. Then the external range analysis was carried out using the BET (surface area) method. As well as identification of the amount of metal ions Pb(II) adsorbed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The test results on the adsorbent (AC-Fe3O4) were carried out at the optimum variation, namely the adsorbent dose of 0.1 grams, contact time of 120 minutes, and at a dilution of 300 mg/L. Based on the zeta potential, the pH of PZC was obtained, namely 6 as the pH of the adsorbate solution with a Q value (number of Pb(II) ions adsorbed) of 6.175 mg/g. Adsorption isotherms tend to follow the pattern of Freundlich adsorption isotherms.

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Application of Hybrid Predictive Tools for Prediction and Simulation in Supercritical Fluid Extraction - An Overview

Application of Hybrid Predictive Tools for Prediction and Si...

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International Conference on Green engineering Technology and Applied Computing 2019, IConGETech2 019 and International Conference on Applied Computing 2019, ICAC 2019

作者： Adeib Idris, Sitinoor Markom, Masturah Faculty of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor Shah Alam 40450 Malaysia Chemical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment 43600 UKM Bangi Selangor Malaysia Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment 43600 UKM Bangi Selangor Malaysia

Supercritical fluid technology (SFT) has been applied in many areas, such as in pharmaceutical and food sectors, due to its outstanding features. SFT is an efficient technology that performs extraction and leaves no or less organic residues compared to conventional processes. Recently, the simulation and prediction of the process output from supercritical fluid extraction was determined using intelligent system predictive tools. The prediction of the set of results from supercritical fluid extraction for designing and scale up purposes is crucial because it can not only reduce the usage of extraction solvent and the energy and time of the process but it can also solve the problem that the complex mathematical model cannot solve. A neural network is considered as one of the artificial intelligent systems and is a key technology in industry 4.0. The use of hybrid predictive tools is also a developing area in the prediction and simulation of supercritical fluid extraction and therefore will be further discussed in this paper. © 2019 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Supercritical fluid extraction

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Unlocking gold recovery: Optimizing leaching process from tailing sluice boxes with HCl pretreatment and cyanide concentration variations

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3167卷

作者： Tri Wahyuningsih Dyah Probowati Yasmina Amalia Ari Mulyadi Chandra Yoga Prathama Metallurgical Engineering Study Program Department of Mining Engineering Faculty of Mineral Technology UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta Sleman Yogyakarta Indonesia PT. Global Mineralium Corporindo Jl. Kalasan Cangkringan KM 05 Duri Tirtomartani Kalasan Sleman Yogyakarta Indonesia

Tailing sluice box still contains 4.96 gpt of gold. Samples were taken for XRD and SEM-EDX testing. The XRD test results show that quartz is the dominant mineral, followed by clay and feldspar. Quartz mineral content is 46.87%, clay mineral content is 17.76% and feldspar mineral content is 27.80%. The clay mineral content which tends to be high affects the leaching process which makes the reaction take longer. The results of the diagnostic leach test using HCl solution and cyanide solution resulted in 39% Au gain. The results of the HCl pretreatment on the tailings grain size -150, -200, and -270 mesh got Au gain percentage of 23.6%, 29.6%, 44%. Tailings leaching with variations in cyanide concentrations of 500 ppm, 750 ppm and 1000 ppm resulted in gold recovery of 0.8%, 5.8%, and 7.8%. The highest gold gain was at - 270mesh size and 1000ppm cyanide concentration with 72 hours leaching time.

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Modification of anodes with polyaniline coating in microbial electrolysis cell system to reduce ammonia concentration in fertilizer plant liquid waste

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2021年第1期2376卷

作者： Dinda Rahmadita Tania Surya Utami Rita Arbianti Chemical Engineering Study Program Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok. Indonesia

One innovation to improve ammonia degradation is the Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC) system which is a technology with prospects that utilize biomass or organic materials, including wastewater. However, the rate of degradation of ammonia with the MEC system is lower when compared to using other methods. Efforts can be made to optimize the ammonia degradation process by operating MEC using a design consortium consisting of Pseudomonas nitritireducens, Pseudomonas plecoglossicida, Pseudomonas taiwanensis, Pseudomonas monteili, and Geobacillus stearothermophillus. Another effort is to modify the anode by applying a layer of polyaniline. The MEC system used is a single compartment MEC with volume 100 mL, with optimum operating conditions based on polyaniline coating testing (PANI) as an ammonia degradation enhancer. Ammonia concentration will be tested using Spectrophotometry, and electrode morphology using FTIR Spectroscopy. The design consortium provides the best results in terms of the ammonia reduction profile of polyaniline coated MEC reactors with REmax acquisition of 1.905% or twice as efficient than standard MEC without modification on anode.

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The production of fall armyworm bioinsecticide from Durian mesocarpium waste using ultrasonic-assisted extraction method

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2021年第1期2376卷

作者： Dinda Wulan Alindi Rita Arbianti Tania Surya Utami Chemical Engineering Study Program Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok. Indonesia

Indonesia as an agricultural country certainly has problems regarding pest attacks and organic waste. One pests that are spread throughout Indonesia is Spodoptera frugiperda which only appeared in March 2019. Organic waste becoming a big problem because of the amount meet 60% of Indonesia’s total waste. One of the many organic wastes found in Indonesia is durian whose peel is estimated to produce around 556,360 tons of waste per year. Durian contains essential oils, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, triterpenoids, and tannins that are toxic to pests. The bioactive compound of durian peel is extracted using Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE) method which is a maceration using ultrasonic wave with variations of ethanol solvent concentration. The extraction process is carried out at 40°C, 53 kHz, and 20 minutes. The variation of the solvent affects the extract’s yield and mortality percentage of Fall Armyworm. The highest yield is generated by aquadest solvent with 87.05±1.56%. Efficacy test is conducted to all extracts and it proofs that the durian peel extracts have the ability as a bioinsecticide with highest mortality percentage by 27% for 30% ethanol solvent. GC-MS test was carried out for the best extract and Cholecalciferol was obtained as the highest potential compound as pesticide with a peak area of 23.68%. Identified compounds were tested by molecular docking with acetylcholinesterase as insecticidal receptors and the highest docking value of -6.8 kcal/mol was obtained for n- Hexadecanoic Acid and 1-Octadecene compounds. The highest interaction similarity with control ligand was owned by 1- Octadecene with 80% similarity.

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Performance of solar panels as electricity source to burn rice powder in the biomass gasification process

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2828卷

作者： Suliono Dedi Suwandi Muhammad Luthfi Felix Dionisius Dori Yuvenda Mechanical Engineering Study Program Indramayu State Polytechnic. Legok Indramayu District West Java 4525 Indonesia Department of Automotive Engineering Faculty of engineering Universitas Negeri Padang. Campus UNP Air Tawar West Padang 25171 Indonesia

Currently, energy needs are one of the sources of human life that cannot be separated. Energy can be classified into two, energy sourced from fossils of living things and plants, with high rice production, making gasification tools an alternative to the use of rice husks into energy. Gasification is a thermochemical process of converting solid fuels into gas thus gasification using this resource is itself a renewable energy. This research is experimental. The air flow rate valve is set at speed = 2.2 m/s for the glowplug variation 3, 2.5m/s for the glowplug variation 4, 2.6m/s for the glowplug variation 5, 2.9 m/s for the glowplug variation 6 with Air Fuel Ratio (AFR)) 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%. With the glowplug variation, the highest temperature is up to 888°C with 1% AFR.

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Analysis study and experiments SEM-EDS of particles and porosity of empty fruit bunches

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Case Studies in chemical and Environmental engineering 2024年 9卷

作者： Erdiwansyah Gani, Asri Desvita, Hera Mahidin Viena, Vera Mamat, Rizalman Sardjono, Ratnaningsih Eko Faculty of Engineering Universitas Serambi Mekkah Banda Aceh 23245 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Oil Palm and Coconut Research Center Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management Universitas Serambi Mekkah Banda Aceh 23245 Indonesia Research Center for Chemistry National Research and Innovation Agency B.J. Habibie Science and Techno Park Serpong Banten South Tangerang 15314 Indonesia Department of Environment Engineering Universitas Serambi Mekkah Banda Aceh 23245 Indonesia Centre for Automotive Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pekan 26600 Malaysia Chemistry Program Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Setiabudi 229 Bandung 40154 Indonesia

Palm oil biomass waste has a high energy value and can be converted into fuel. However, the high ash content from burning biomass waste is undesirable. This research aims to analyze the porosity values and length of particles from empty-fruit-bunches biomass samples different treatments. Analysis of the porosity and particle length of empty fruit bunches is the latest in this research. The analysis results show that the R-Square value with the regression model for each sample is (raw 0.88375, flowrate 1L/sec 0.99997, and temperature 30 °C 0.99996). Meanwhile, porosity value of each sample (raw 84.55 %, flowrate 1L/sec 89.08%, temperature 30 °C 88.50 %). © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Biocoke fuel Energy production Experimental analysis SEM-EDS Sustainable fuel

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Performance study of Regional Water Supply Company of Ternate City, North Maluku

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1899卷

作者： Nani Nagu Edward R Ahadian Lita A. Latif H Fabanyo Civil Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Khairun Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Khairun

Regional Water Supply Company (RWSC) of Ternate City is a company managed by the local government which in its operation needs to prioritize the fulfillment of clean water for communities. Therefore the services of RWSC should based on the standards of quality service provided by the National Agency for the Improvement of Drinking Water Supply System. On the other side, the demand for clean water supply and services is increasing every year. This is caused by an increase in population and the development of cities or service areas relating to the improvement of the socio-economic. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of water supply service providers in Ternate City. Data analysis based on the guidelines from the National Agency for the Improvement of Drinking Water Supply System involves several indicators such as the financial aspects, service aspects, operational aspects, and aspects of human resources. The result shows that the score of the financial reaches 0.92, the service aspect 0.88, the operational aspect 0.88, and the human resource aspect 0.52. These results show that the performance of Regional Water Supply Company (RWSC) of Ternate City achieves score 3.2 and it indicates that the performance of Regional Water Supply Company (RWSC) of Ternate City in the healthy category.

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