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TeV gamma ray emission from southern sky objects and CANGAROO project

AIP Conference Proceedings 1997年第1期410卷 1507-1511页

作者： T. Kifune S. A. Dazeley P. G. Edwards T. Hara Y. Hayami S. Kamei R. Kita T. Konishi A. Masaike Y. Matsubara Y. Matsuoka Y. Mizumoto M. Mori H. Muraishi Y. Muraki T. Naito K. Nishijima S. Ogio J. R. Patterson M. D. Roberts G. P. Rowell T. Sako K. Sakurazawa R. Susukita A. Suzuki R. Suzuki T. Tamura T. Tanimori G. J. Thornton S. Yanagita T. Yoshida T. Yoshikoshi 1Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Tanashi Tokyo 188 Japan 2Department of Physics and Mathematical Physics University of Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia 3Institute of Space and Astrophysical Science Sagamihara 229 Japan 4Faculty of Management Information Yamanashi Gakuin University Kofu 400 Japan 5Department of Physics Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152 Japan 6Department of Physics Ibaraki University Mito 310 Japan 7Department of Physics Kobe University Kobe 637 Japan 8Department of Physics Kyoto University Kyoto 606 Japan 9Solar-Terrestrial Environmental Laboratory Nagoya University Nagoya 464-01 Japan 10National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Tokyo 181 Japan 11Department of Physics Miyagi University of Education Sendai 980 Japan 12Department of Earth and Planetary Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo 113 Japan 13Department of Physics Tokai University Hiratsuka 259 Japan 14Institute of Physical and Chemical Research Wako 351-01 Japan 15Department of Engineering Kanagawa University Yokohama 221 Japan

We report recent results of the CANGAROO Collaboration on very high energy gamma ray emission from pulsars, their nebulae, SNR and AGN in the southern sky. Observations are made in South Australia using the imaging technique of detecting atmospheric Cerenkov light from gamma rays higher than about 1 TeV. The detected gamma rays are most likely produced by the inverse Compton process by electrons which also radiate synchrotron X-rays. Together with information from longer wavelengths, our results can be used to infer the strength of magnetic field in the emission region of gamma rays as well as the energy of the progenitor electrons. A description of the CANGAROO project is also given, as well as details of the new telescope of 7 m diameter which is scheduled to be in operation within two years.

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Developing a prototype concurrent design tool for composite topside structures

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 279-290页

作者： Dirlik, S Hambric, S Azarm, S Marquardt, M Hellman, A Bartlett, S Castelli, V Steve Dirlik:began his career at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division in 1981 as an aerospace engineer co-op student. He completed his bachelor of science degree in aeropace and ocean engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1985 and his master of science degree in aerospace engineering from the University of Maryland in 1990. Mr. Dirlik recently completed a master of science program in applied physics at The Johns Hopins University and currently works in the Radar Cross Section and Target Physics Branch of the Signatures Directorate at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Corderoke Division. He has worked on Navy low observable programs since 1990. Stephen Hambric:is a research associate at the Applied Research Laboratory at The Pennsylvania State University. He received his B. S. and M.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and his D. Sc. in mechnical engineering from the George Washington University. He has worked on several computer aided multidiscikplinary design and optimization projects over the years including an automated propeller design system and a structural acoustic optimization capability. Dr. Shpour Azarm:is currently working as an associate professor with the Design and Manufacturing Group of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of maryland at College Park. Dr Azarm's expertise is in the areas of optimization-based designed and concurrent design and optimization of multidisciplinary systems. He was a consultant at Black & Decker Corporation (summer 1996) and worked as a Navy senior summer faculty fellow (summer 1995) and a NASA summer faculty fellow (summer 1994). He was a visiting scientist at NASA Langley Research Center for Multidisciplinary Analysis and Applied Structural Optimzatiom at the University of Siegen in Germany (spring 1992) and the Design Institute of the Technical University of Denmark (summer 1990). Dr Azarm was an associate technical editor of the ASME Jour

A prototype concurrent engineering tool has been developed for the preliminary design of composite topside structures for modern navy warships. This tool, named GELS for the Concurrent Engineering of Layered Structures, provides designers with an immediate assessment of the impacts of their decisions on several disciplines which are important to the performance of a modern naval topside structure, including electromagnetic interference effects (EMI), radar cross section (RCS), structural integrity, cost, and weight. Preliminary analysis modules in each of these disciplines are integrated to operate from a common set of design variables and a common materials database. Performance in each discipline and an overall fitness function for the concept are then evaluated. A graphical user interface (GUI) is used to define requirements and to display the results from the technical analysis modules. Optimization techniques, including feasible sequential quadratic programming (FSQP) and exhaustive search are used to modify the design variables to satisfy all requirements simultaneously. The development of this tool, the technical modules, and their integration are discussed noting the decisions and compromises required to develop and integrate the modules into a prototype conceptual design tool.

关键词： Warships

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Architecting a missile system for navy theater ballistic missile defense

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 373-380页

作者： Patel, A Kjos, K Sasso, F Robinson, S Anant Patel:is senior project engineer for the Standard Missile LEAP Progrma (desgnated SM-X) in the Standard Missile/Vertical Launch System Program Office (PMS 422) of the Navy's Program Executive office for Theater Air Defense (PEO TAD). He is responsbile for the integration and test of the SM-X missile including the third stage rocket motor (TSRM) and the kinetic warhead (KW) assemblies. He received his bachelor of science in electrical engineering from the University of Pittsburgh in 1985 Prior to joining PMS 422 he was the project engineer for the shipboard targeting system used during the Terrier LEAP technology demonstration program. he was also tht project manager for the installation and integration of the new threat upgrade (NTU) and cooperative engagement capabilities (CEC) aboard USS Kidd (DDG 993) the first ship to receive CEC during its development test phase. Mr. Patel's other assignments as NTU development lead engineer uncluded providing development and technical direction for modifications to the NTU engagement system for Standard Missile II and III/IIIA compability. kathrin Kjos:is the program development team leader for Hughes Missile Systems Company. She worked on the initial flight demonstraction phase of the program integrating the kill vehicle and advanced solid axial stage into the SM2 Block III ER missile and served as co-chair of the System Safety Working Group. She has thirteen years of experience in system engineering. Previous experience includes missile systems engineering for the Advanced Air-to-Air Missile (AAAM) as well as for laser and radar surveillance systems. She has a bachelor of science degree in chemical engineering from the Illinois Institute of Technology a master of science degree in system engineering from the University of Southern California and is currently a doctoral candidate in systems architecting at the University of Southern California. Felix Sasso is a member of technical staff 11 at Hughes Missile System Company. He has three years of experience in op

While most of the theater ballistic missiles (TBM) in threat countries' inventories are of the shorter range SCUD varieties, mid- to long-range versions are currently in development in a number of third world countries. Threat potential exists in the following three battle spaces: endo-atmosphere (0-30 km), high endo-atmosphere (30-70 km) and exo-atmosphere (greater than 70 km). The inherent short range and low speed of endo-atmospheric threats match well with capabilities of SM-2 Block IVA, which equips the Navy with an area defense capability The exo-atmospheric TBMs are longer range and can threaten more targets which may be widely dispersed. Their higher velocities reduce response times dramatically Therefore, exo-atmospheric TBMs create the need for Standard Missile-3 (SM-3), which provides the Navy with theater wide defense capability. Defining its area and theater wide systems as clearly endo-atmospheric and exo-atmospheric systems allows the Navy to use derivatives of the Standard Missile Block IV to take full advantage of the conditions associated with each of these operating zones. Use of an existing missile and ship system baseline also allows use of the existing interface structure to minimize cost. To counter the endo-atmospheric TBMs, the SM-2 BLK TVA upgrades include an advanced imaging infrared (IIR) seeker, an improved fast-reaction auto pilot and a forward looking RE all in the same volume as the existing missile. The highly responsive SM-2 Block IVA missile, complemented with Aegis weapons systems modifications, provides capability against enemy aircraft and cruise missiles, as well as TBMs. Standard Missile-3 (SM-3) replaces the SM-2 Block TV warhead, radar and guidance section with a boosted third stage and an advanced kinetic warhead (KW). Operation in the exo-atmospheric region permits a KW design with autonomous guidance control and divert thrusters for high maneuverability and has the capability of achieving very high interceptor velocities.

关键词： Missiles

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Structure and properties of Ni(110) surface coadsorbing chlorine and oxygen

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science China Chemistry 1996年第5期39卷 553-560页

作者：庄叔贤季明荣吴建新屠兢方文秀俞爽英 Klaus Wandelt Department of Chemical Physics and Structure Research Laboratory University of Science and Technology Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Bonn Wegelerstr. 12 D-53115 Bonn F. R. Germany

The coadsorption of chlorine with oxygen on Ni(110) surface has been investigated by XPS, UPS, AES and work function measurements. The chlorine preadsorption drastically inhibits the further uptake of oxygen. On the contrary, precovered oxygen has hardly any influence on the additional adsorption of chlorine due to the incorporation of precovered oxygen into the subsurface driven by the chlorine coadsorption. ARXPS measurements provide the evidence for this coadsorption model. The thermal desorption of chlorine and oxygen from the coadsorption surface is very similar to that of both individual adsorbates under the same heating conditions, but the desorption temperature of both the adsorbates apparently decreases on the coadsorption surface. The coadsorption and thermodesorption mechanisms are also discussed in detail.

关键词： coadsorption of chlorine with oxygen Ni(110) surface photoelectron spectroscopy.

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Nuclear moments of Ta179 from optical measurement of hyperfine structure

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physical Review C 1996年第2期53卷 611-611页

作者： M. Wakasugi W. G. Jin M. G. Hies T. T. Inamura T. Murayama T. Ariga T. Ishizuka T. Wakui H. Katsuragawa J. Z. Ruan I. Sugai A. Ikeda Cyclotron Laboratory The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) Wako-shi Saitama 351-01 Japan Safety Center The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) Wako-shi Saitama 351-01 Japan Department of Physics Tokyo University of Mercantile Marine Koto-ku Tokyo 135 Japan Department of Physics Saitama University Urawa-shi Saitama 338 Japan Department of Physics Toho University Funabashi-shi Chiba 274 Japan Department of Physics Rikkyo University Toshima-ku Tokyo 171 Japan Institute of Nuclear Physics University of Tokyo Tanashi-shi Tokyo 188 Japan Sizuoka Institute of Science and Technology Fukuroi-shi Shizuoka 437 Japan

We have made high-resolution laser spectroscopy of the hyperfine structure of a radioactive isotope Ta179 (T12=1.8 y) using an argon-ion sputtering atomic-beam source. From hyperfine constants A and B of the atomic ground state (F3245d36s2), the magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments of the nuclear ground state of Ta179(I=72) have been determined for the first time: μI179=2.289(9)μN and Qs179=3.37(4) b. It is pointed out that magnetic moments of the ground and isomeric states in the region N=102−112 can be systematically described in terms of the presently available theory while the revealed systematic behavior of electric quadrupole moments is hardly reproduced by the theory.

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Product rotational alignment of orbital aligned Ca(1P1) with CnH2n+1Br (n = 1, 2, 3) reactions

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Progress in Natural science 1996年第3期6卷 299-300页

作者： Yang, Wensheng Ding, Guowen Xu, Dali Yu, Huazhong Gu, Yueshu He, Guozhong Lou, Nanquan State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China Department of Physical Chemistry Beijing University of Science and Technology Beijing 100083 China Department of Chemistry Shandong University Jinan 250100 China

The product rotational alignment of Ca(1P1) with CnH2n+1Br (n = 1, 2, 3) for different initial Ca(1P1) electronic orbital alignment is probed by means of laser-induced chemiluminescence in beam-gas apparatus. And the product rotational alignment of these reactions is calculated with an extended direct interaction with product repulsion (DIPR) model. The effects of the magnitude of the repulsive energy and the reagent approach geometry on the title reactions are also studied.

关键词： Chemiluminescence

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Photoionization of Sr+ ions in the 3d ionization region

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AIP Conference Proceedings 1996年第1期360卷 755-762页

作者： Y. Itoh T. Koizumi Y. Awaya S. D. Kravis M. Oura M. Sano T. Sekioka F. Koike Physics Laboratory Faculty of Science Josai University Sakado Saitama 350‐02 Japan Department of Physics Rikkyo University Toshima‐ku Tokyo 171 Japan The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) Wako Saitama 351‐01 Japan Himeji Institute of Technology Himeji Hyogo 671‐22 Japan School of Medicine Kitasato University Sagamihara Kanagawa 228 Japan

By measuring photoion‐yield spectra for Sr2+ and Sr3+ from Sr+ ions in the ground state, we have determined relative photoionization cross section of Sr+ ions in the energy range from 135–210 eV. The 3d‐ionization of charge‐selected Sr+ ions by photon‐impact was studied for the first time. The yield‐spectrum for Sr2+ has no structure, while that for Sr3+ shows prominent discrete peaks around 140 eV. For the assignment of discrete lines observed, we used a multiconfiguration Dirac‐Fock calculation code. The calculation indicates very strong s−d mixing for the observed peaks. This is understood that after the creation of 3d‐hole, the orbital energy of 4d‐orbital almost coincides with that of 5s‐orbital due to the collapse of the wavefunction.

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Diffusion barrier effects of Al3Zr/Zr bilayered films interposed between Al and Si

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART II-ELECTRONICS 1996年第9期79卷 63-69页

作者： Yanagisawa, H Noya, A Sasaki, K Abe, Y Faculty of Engineering Kitami Institute of Technology Kitami Japan 090 Graduated from the Department of Electronic Engineering Nippon Electronic Technical College in 1975 and joined Kitami Institute of Technology the same year. Currently he is a Research Associate in the Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering at the College. He has been engaged in the research and development of thin-film electronic materials. He is a member of the Japan Society of Applied Physics. Graduated from the Electronic Engineering Department Muroran Institute of Technology in 1974 received his doctoral degree in 1980 and joined Kitami Institute of Technology as a Research Associate the same year. He was appointed Lecturer in 1990 Assistant Professor in 1991 and Professor in 1994. He has been engaged in research on thin-film electronic materials and their evaluation. He is a member of the Japan Society of Applied Physics. Graduated from the Polymer Science Department Hokkaido University in 1967. Later he received his Dr. of Eng. degree. After being assigned to the Applied Electrical Laboratory of Hokkaido University he was appointed Lecturer at Kitami Institute of Technology in 1975 Assistant Professor in 1979 and Professor in 1990. After the reorganization of Kitami Institute of Technology he was appointed Professor of the Materials Science Engineering Department. He has been engaged in research on thin-film electronic materials and electronic properties as well as in the development of LSI thin-film technology and in the application of anodic oxide films to electronic devices. He is a member of the Japan Society of Applied Physics and the Chemical Society of Japan. Graduated from the Applied Physics Department Hokkaido University in 1980. He received his doctoral degree in 1985 and joined Hitachi Ltd. the same year. At Hitachi Ltd. he engaged in research on EL displays and semiconductor memories. He was appointed as an Assistant Professor of the Materials Science Engineering Department Kitami Institute

The interfacial solid-phase reactions taking place in the Al/Al3Zr/Zr/Si contact systems have been investigated to evaluate the effectiveness of Al3Zr/Zr bilayered films its a diffusion barrier in Al-metallization technology. The interposition of an intermediate Al3Zr layer can successfully suppress the possible spontaneous rections between the Al and Zr layers because nearly-minimum free energy states are realized at interfaces of both Al/Al3Zr and Al3Zr/Zr. It is revealed that the present system tolerates heat treatment at temperatures of up to 470 degrees C and the formation of a Zr-silicide layer is observed at the Zr/Si interface after heat treatment in the temperature range of 450 similar to 470 degrees C.

关键词： Zr silicide contact resistivity diffusion barrier Al3Zr intermetallic compound film interfacial solid-phase reaction

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A device simulation of the BBT effect in flash memory cells and implications for the development of high-reliability memory cells

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART II-ELECTRONICS 1996年第11期79卷 51-57页

作者： Hayashi, T Fukuda, K Ohno, M Nishi, K Kita, A VLSI R&D Center OKI Electric Industry Company Ltd. Hachioji-shi Japan 193 Graduated from the Science University of Tokyo Dept. of Applied Physics in 1986 and joined Oki Electric. Since then he has been engaged in research on the reliability of MOS transistors and silicon oxide films. Since 1994 he has been engaged in the development of flash memory. He is a member of the Applied Physics Society. Graduated from the University of Tokyo Dept. of Applied Physics in 1983 and joined Oki Electric in 1985. Since then he has been engaged in research on the semiconductor process and device simulation. In 1990 he participated in joint research at the Technical University of Aachen. He is a member of the Applied Physics Society. Graduated from the Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Dept. of Electrical Engineering in 1980 and completed an MS course in 1983. In 1986 he completed the doctoral course at Shizuoka University. He then joined Oki Electric where he has been engaged in research on ULSI processes. He is now a manager responsible for flash memory at the VLSI R&D Center. He holds a doctorate in engineering. He is a member of the Applied Physics Society. Graduated from the University of Tokyo Dept. of Applied Physics in 1973 and joined Oki Electric. He was engaged in the development of integrated circuit logic simulation technology and bipolar process technology and since 1980 he has been engaged in research on process/device simulation and modeling. Presently he is a senior manager at the VLSI R&D Center. In 1982–1984 he was a Visiting Scholar at MIT. He holds a doctorate in engineering. He is a member of the Applied Physics Society and a senior member of IEEE. Graduated from Tokyo Institute of Technology Dept. of Chemical Engineering in 1978 and completed the MS program in 1930. In that year he joined Oki Electric. Since then he has been engaged in CMOS process design for DRAM and flash memory. He is now a manager at the VLSI R&D Center. He is a member of the Applied Physics Society.

In order to analyze the BBT (band-to-band tunneling) phenomenon in flash memory cells by simulation, a new model is proposed, which improves on the BBT model by introducing the concept of ''average electric field.'' This model agrees well with the measured results in a wide drain N-concentration range. Using this model, the reliability of memory cells is analyzed. It is found that the difference of the amount of BBT generation does not directly affect the endurance characteristics but does affect the disturb characteristics. The same model can be used to analyze problem points of the present cells and to estimate the BBT current of next-generation devices accurately.

关键词： band-to-band tunneling flash memory simulation endurance characteristics

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NUCLEATION MECHANISM FOR PROTEIN-FOLDING AND THEORETICAL PREDICTIONS FOR HYDROGEN-EXCHANGE LABELING EXPERIMENTS

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BIOPOLYMERS 1995年第1期35卷 137-140页

作者： THIRUMALAI, D GUO, ZY Chemical Physics Program Institute for Physical Science and Technology University of Maryland College Park MD 20742

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