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physical Review Letters 2023年第5期131卷 059602-059602页

作者： Dongbin Shin Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean Jin Zhang Mahmut Sait Okyay Angel Rubio Noejung Park Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany Department of Physics and Photon Science Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea Materials Science & Engineering Program Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering Department of Physics & Astronomy and Department of Chemistry University of California-Riverside Riverside 92521 California USA Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group Departamento de Fsica de Materiales Universidad del Pas Vasco 20018 San Sebastian Spain Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ) The Flatiron Institute 162 Fifth avenue New York New York 10010 USA Department of Physics Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) UNIST-gil 50 Ulsan 44919 Korea

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Charging quantum batteries via Otto machines: Influence of monitoring

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physical Review A 2022年第5期106卷 052202-052202页

作者： Jeongrak Son Peter Talkner Juzar Thingna Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34126 Republic of Korea Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore Institut für Physik Universität Augsburg Universitätsstraße 1 D-86135 Augsburg Germany Basic Science Program Korea University of Science and Technology Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea Department of Physics and Applied Physics University of Massachusetts Lowell Massachusetts 01854 USA

The charging of a quantum battery by a four-stroke quantum machine that works either as an engine or a refrigerator is investigated. The presented analysis provides the energetic behavior of the combined system in terms of the heat- and workflows of the machine, the average, the variance of the battery's energy, as well as the coherent and incoherent parts of its ergotropy. To monitor the battery state, its energy is measured either after the completion of any cycle or after a prescribed number of cycles is carried out. The resulting battery performances greatly differ for those two cases. During the first charging epoch with an engine, the regular measurements speed up the charging, whereas the gain of ergotropy is more pronounced in the absence of measurements. In a later stage, the engine fails to work as such, while it still continues charging the battery that eventually reaches the maximally charged state in the absence of intermediate measurements and a suboptimally charged state for a periodically measured battery. For a refrigerator, the charging of the measured battery also proceeds faster during the first epoch. Only during the second stage, when the machine fails to extract heat from the cold bath, the influence of the measurements becomes less pronounced, leading to rather similar asymptotic states for the two measurement scenarios.

关键词： Quantum thermodynamics Nonequilibrium systems Quantum heat engines & refrigerators Density matrix methods Master equation

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Electrochemical sensor for vascular endothelial growth factor based on self-assembling DNA aptamer structure

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science of the Total Environment 2024年 955卷 177151页

作者： Liustrovaite, Viktorija Ratautaite, Vilma Ramanaviciene, Almira Plikusiene, Ieva Malinovskis, Uldis Erts, Donats Sarvutiene, Julija Ramanavicius, Arunas Department of Physical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences Vilnius University Naugarduko Str. 24 VilniusLT-03225 Lithuania NanoTechnas Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences Vilnius University Naugarduko Str. 24 VilniusLT-03225 Lithuania Department of Nanotechnology State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology Saulėtekio Av. 3 VilniusLT-10257 Lithuania Institute of Chemical Physics Faculty of Science and Technology University of Latvia Raina Blvd. 19 RigaLV-1586 Latvia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences University of Latvia Jelgavas Str. 1 RigaLV-1004 Latvia

Developing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein is essential for early cancer diagnosis and cancer treatment monitoring. This study presents the design and characterisation of an electrochemical sensor utilising a self-assembling DNA aptamer structure for the sensitive and selective detection of VEGF. The aptamer structure comprises three different parts of single-stranded DNA that are assembled prior to integration into the sensor. Polypyrrole (Ppy)-based layers were deposited onto screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) using an electrochemical deposition technique, followed by the entrapment of a self-assembled DNA aptamer structure within electrochemically formed Ppy matrix ((DNA aptamer)/Ppy). The response to the sensor toward VEGF was measured by the pulsed amperometric detection (PAD), highlighting the enhanced performance of DNA aptamer/Ppy configuration compared to bare Ppy. The sensor exhibited high sensitivity, achieving a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.21 nM for VEGF. The interaction behaviour between VEGF in the solution and the immobilise DNA aptamer/Ppy-based structure was analysed using Langmuir isotherm model. The developed electrochemical biosensor is promising for in vitro applications in early cancer diagnostics and treatment monitoring, enabling rapid screening of patient samples. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Electrochemical biosensors

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Addressing challenges for operating electrochemical solar fuels technologies under variable and diurnal conditions

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Frontiers in Energy Research 2024年 12卷

作者： Yap, Kyra M. K. Lee, Sol A. Kistler, Tobias A. Collins, Darci K. Warren, Emily L. Atwater, Harry A. Jaramillo, Thomas F. Xiang, Chengxiang Nielander, Adam C. Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA United States SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCA United States Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA United States Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA United States Chemistry and Nanoscience Center National Renewable Energy Laboratory GoldenCO United States Advanced Energy Systems Graduate Program Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO United States

The outdoor operation of electrochemical solar fuels devices must contend with challenges presented by the cycles of solar irradiance, temperature, and other meteorological factors. Herein, we discuss challenges associated with these fluctuations presented over three timescales, including the effects of diurnal cycling over the course of many days, a single diurnal cycle over the course of hours, and meteorological phenomena that cause fluctuations on the order of seconds to minutes. We also highlight both reaction-independent and reaction-specific effects of variable conditions for the hydrogen evolution reaction and CO2 reduction reaction. We identify key areas of research for advancing the outdoor operation of solar fuels technology and highlight the need for metrics and benchmarks to enable the comparison of diurnal studies across systems and geographical locations. Copyright © 2024 Yap, Lee, Kistler, Collins, Warren, Atwater, Jaramillo, Xiang and Nielander.

关键词： Hydrogen fuels

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Missing spectral weight in a heavy-fermion system far above Néel temperature

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Jingwen Priyadarshi, Debankit Yang, Chia-Jung Pohl, Ulli Stockert, Oliver von Löhneysen, Hilbert Pal, Shovon Fiebig, Manfred Kroha, Johann Department of Materials ETH Zurich Zurich8093 Switzerland Physikalisches Institut Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics University of Bonn Bonn53115 Germany Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Dresden01187 Germany Institut für Quantenmaterialien und -technologien Physikalisches Institut Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe76021 Germany School of Physical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research HBNI Odisha Jatni752 050 India School of Physics and Astronomy University of St. Andrews St. AndrewsKY16 9SS United Kingdom

The competition between the Kondo spin-screening effect and the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction in heavy-fermion systems drives the quantum phase transition between the magnetically ordered and the heavy-Fermi-liquid ground states. Despite intensive investigations of heavy quasiparticles on the Kondo-screened side of the quantum phase transition and of their breakdown at the quantum critical point, the magnetically ordering side has not systematically been studied. Using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, we report a suppression of the Kondo quasiparticle weight in CeCu6−xAux samples on the antiferromagnetic side of the quantum phase transition at temperatures as much as two orders of magnitude above the Néel temperature TN. With our systematic investigations into the high-temperature, paramagnetic region on the antiferromagnetic side of the phase diagram of CeCu6−xAux, i.e., with x = 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5, we show that the suppression results from a quantum frustration effect induced by the temperature-independent RKKY interaction. Hence, our results emphasize that besides critical fluctuations, the RKKY interaction may play an important role in the quantum-critical scenario. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Terahertz spectroscopy

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High pressure induced superconductivity and chirality-neutral Fermi surface in SrSi2

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physical Review B 2024年第22期110卷 224514-224514页

作者： M.-Y. Yao J. Noky Q.-G. Mu K. Manna N. Kumar V. N. Strocov C. Shekhar S. Medvedev Y. Sun Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids 01187 Dresden Germany Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei 230601 China Center of High Magnetic Fields and Free Electron Lasers Leibniz International Joint Research Center of Materials Sciences of Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei 230601 China Indian Institute of Technology- Delhi Hauz Khas New Delhi 110 016 India Swiss Light Source Paul Scherrer Institut CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland

In this study, we investigate the electronic structure and topological properties of the compound SrSi2 using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), electrical transport measurements, and ab initio calculations. In contrast to recent theoretical predictions that SrSi2 is a Weyl semimetal with robust Weyl nodes and Fermi arcs, our ARPES measurements on undoped and Ca-doped SrSi2 single crystals show no evidence of the predicted Weyl fermions or Fermi arcs at ambient pressure. Instead, ARPES and transport data show that SrSi2 is a narrow-gap semiconductor at ambient conditions. Our hybrid functional calculations also find a small band gap, in agreement with experiments. However, by applying external pressure, we induce a topological phase transition where the electronic bands overlap and Weyl nodes appear, as confirmed by transport measurements and calculations. Interestingly, we also observe a pressure-induced superconducting transition above 20 GPa. Our results establish SrSi2 as a platform to study the interplay between topological states and superconductivity driven by external pressure. Importantly, our results challenge the previously predicted intrinsic Weyl semimetallic nature of SrSi2 and highlight the need for combined experimental and advanced computational approaches to correctly describe the complex electronic structures in topological materials.

关键词： Fermions

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Theoretical prediction of radiation-enhanced diffusion behavior in nickel under self-ion irradiation

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2020年第8期31卷 53-63页

作者： Xiao-Ya Chen A-Li Wen Cui-Lan Ren Cheng-Bin Wang Wei Zhang He-Fei Huang Zhi-Wen Chen Ping Huai School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

The enhanced diffusion in materials under irradiation plays an important role in the long-term microstructural evolution. In this work, the self-ion irradiation in nickel was used as a model system to study the effect of radiation-enhanced diffusion on the implanted ion profiles. Initially, the depth profiles of vacancies and implanted ions for nickel self-ion irradiation with ion energies up to 15 MeV were computed by the high-efficiency Monte Carlo code IM3D(Irradiation of Materials in 3 D). The results are in good agreement with those predicted by SRIM(Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter).Then, diffusion coefficients as functions of temperature and damage rate were obtained, and the depth-dependent diffusion coefficients at various temperatures and damage rates were also illustrated. For this purpose, we used a temperature-dependent effective sink concentration for nickel, which was estimated from the available experimental investigations on the damage structures of irradiated nickel. At length, case studies on the time evolution of implanted ion profiles under the condition of nickel selfirradiation were performed and discussed based on Fick’s second law. The results help to understand the fundamental diffusion properties in ion irradiation, especially under higher-dose irradiation.

关键词： Self-ion irradiation in nickel Implanted ions Radiation-enhanced diffusion Monte Carlo simulation

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Single pair of type-III Weyl points half-metals: BaNiIO6 as an example

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ding, Guangqian Wang, Jianhua Yu, Zhi-Ming Zhang, Zeying Wang, Wenhong Wang, Xiaotian School of Science Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing400065 China School of Physical Science and Technology Southwest University Chongqing400715 China School of Physics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems School of Physics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China College of Mathematics and Physics Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing100029 China Tiangong University Tianjin300387 China University of Wollongong Wollongong2500 Australia

The realization of Weyl systems with the minimum nonzero number of Weyl points (WPs) and full spin polarization remains challenging in topology physics and spintronic. In this study, for the first time, we used first-principle calculations and symmetry analysis to demonstrate that BaNiIO6, a dynamically and thermodynamically stable half-metallic material, hosts fully spin-polarized single-pair WPs (SP-WPs) with a charge number (C) of ±2 and a type-III band dispersion around the Fermi level. Moreover, the fully spin-polarized SP-WPs induce double-helicoid Fermi arcs on the (1010) surface. The half-metallic state and the spin-polarized SP-WPs are robust to uniform strains (from -10% to +8%) and on-site Hubbard-Coulomb interactions (from 0 eV to 6 eV). When +9% or +10% uniform strain is applied to the BaNiIO6 system, it hosts six additional type-II WPs with |C| = 1 in the three-dimensional Brillouin zone in addition to the two type-III WPs with |C| = 2. We hope that this study will motivate future research into SP-WPs half-metals. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Spin polarization

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Antiferroelectricity-Induced Negative Thermal Expansion in Double Perovskite Pb2CoMoO6

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Small 2024年第2期20卷

作者： Zhao, Haoting Pan, Zhao Shen, Xi Zhao, Jianfa Lu, Dabiao Zhang, Jie Hu, Zhiwei Kuo, Chang-Yang Chen, Chien-Te Chan, Ting-Shan Sahle, Christoph J. Dong, Cheng Nishikubo, Takumi Koike, Takehiro Deng, Zun-Yi Hong, Jiawang Yu, Runze Yu, Pu Azuma, Masaki Jin, Changqing Long, Youwen Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Dresden01187 Germany Department of Electrophysics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu30076 Taiwan 71 Avenue des Martyrs Grenoble38000 France School of Advanced Materials Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen518055 China Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology Ebina243–0435 Japan Laboratory for Materials and Structures Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama226–8503 Japan School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Center for High-Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research Beijing100094 China State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku Yokohama226–8501 Japan Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan523808 China

Materials with negative thermal expansion (NTE) attract significant research attention owing to their unique physical properties and promising applications. Although ferroelectric phase transitions leading to NTE are widely investigated, information on antiferroelectricity-induced NTE remains limited. In this study, single-crystal and polycrystalline Pb2CoMoO6 samples are prepared at high pressure and temperature conditions. The compound crystallizes into an antiferroelectric Pnma orthorhombic double perovskite structure at room temperature owing to the opposite displacements dominated by Pb2+ ions. With increasing temperature to 400 K, a structural phase transition to cubic Fm-3m paraelectric phase occurs, accompanied by a sharp volume contraction of 0.41%. This is the first report of an antiferroelectric-to-paraelectric transition-induced NTE in Pb2CoMoO6. Moreover, the compound also exhibits remarkable NTE with an average volumetric coefficient of thermal expansion αV = −1.33 × 10−5 K−1 in a wide temperature range of 30–420 K. The as-prepared Pb2CoMoO6 thus serves as a prototype material system for studying antiferroelectricity-induced NTE. © 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Negative thermal expansion

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Magnetic field induced Weyl state in the van der Waals–type antiferromagnet GdTe3

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physical Review B 2023年第20期108卷 205132-205132页

作者： Y. M. Wan E.-J. Cheng H.-Y. Ma X. F. Yang X. F. Hou X. J. Chen X. Zhang C. Y. Xi Z. C. Zhong J. P. Liu Y. F. Guo S. Y. Li State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Department of Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW-Dresden) Dresden 01069 Germany Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Dresden 01187 Germany School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions High Magnetic Field Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230031 China China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing 210093 China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai 201315 China

GdTe3, a van der Waals–type antiferromagnetic (AFM) metal with high mobility, is gaining a lot of attention for its potential use in high-speed spintronic devices as well as for fundamental physics research. Due to the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of GdTe3, exotic effects are envisaged, when the magnetic configurations interact with an external magnetic field. In this work, a magnetic-field-induced Weyl state in GdTe3 is revealed. In the AFM state, GdTe3 is topologically trivial. However, when an external magnetic field exceeding ∼20 T aligns all spins, band splitting occurs, and then a topological transition is induced, i.e., from a trivial metallic state to a topological Weyl metallic state. In addition, a topological change of Fermi surfaces, i.e., a field-induced Lifshitz transition, is uncovered, which may also be rooted in band splitting. Moreover, high-pressure electrical transport measurements reveal a peculiar superconducting transition with a nearly invariant superconducting transition temperature (Tc∼4.2 K) spanning a wide range of pressure up to 48 GPa. These findings imply that GdTe3 provides a unique platform for investigating not only the interactions of charge-density-wave fluctuations and superconductivity but also the interplay between magnetism and topology.

关键词： Antiferromagnets Superconductors Topological materials

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