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Water transport through subnanopores in the ultimate size limit: Mechanism from molecular dynamics

Nano Research 2019年第3期12卷 587-592页

作者： Jiyu Xu Chongqin Zhu Yifei Wang Hui Li Yongfeng Huang Yutian Shen Joseph S. Francisco Xiao Cheng Zeng Sheng Meng Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska Lincoln NE 68588 USA Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China

Ab initio and classical molecular dynamics simulations show that water can flow through graphdiyne—an experimentally fabricated graphene-like membrane with highly dense (2.4 × 10^18 pores/m^2), uniformly ordered, subnanometer pores (incircle diameter 0.57 nm and van der Waals area 0.06 nm^2). Water transports through subnanopores via a chemical-reaction-like activated process. The activated water flow can be precisely controlled through fine adjustment of working temperature and pressure. In contrast to a linear dependence on pressure for conventional membranes, here pressure directly modulates the activation energy, leading to a nonlinear water flow as a function of pressure. Consequently, high flux (1.6 L/Day/cm^2/MPa) with 100% salt rejection efficiency is achieved at reasonable temperatures and pressures, suggesting graphdiyne can serve as an excellent membrane for water desalination. We further show that to get through subnanopores water molecule must break redundant hydrogen bonds to form a two-hydrogen-bond transient structure. Our study unveils the principles and atomistic mechanism for water transport through pores in ultimate size limit, and offers new insights on water permeation through nanochannels, design of molecule sieving and nanofluidic manipulation.

关键词： graphdiyne subnanopore molecular dynamics water transport desalination

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Search for a Light Higgs Boson in Single-Photon Decays of ϒ(1S) Using ϒ(2S)→π+π−ϒ(1S) Tagging Method

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physical Review Letters 2022年第8期128卷 081804-081804页

作者： S. Jia C. P. Shen I. Adachi H. Aihara S. Al Said D. M. Asner H. Atmacan T. Aushev R. Ayad V. Babu P. Behera K. Belous J. Bennett M. Bessner V. Bhardwaj B. Bhuyan T. Bilka A. Bobrov D. Bodrov G. Bonvicini J. Borah M. Bračko P. Branchini T. E. Browder A. Budano M. Campajola D. Červenkov M.-C. Chang P. Chang V. Chekelian A. Chen B. G. Cheon K. Chilikin H. E. Cho K. Cho S.-J. Cho S.-K. Choi Y. Choi S. Choudhury D. Cinabro S. Cunliffe S. Das N. Dash G. De Nardo G. De Pietro R. Dhamija F. Di Capua Z. Doležal T. V. Dong D. Epifanov T. Ferber D. Ferlewicz B. G. Fulsom R. Garg V. Gaur N. Gabyshev A. Giri P. Goldenzweig B. Golob E. Graziani Y. Guan K. Gudkova C. Hadjivasiliou T. Hara K. Hayasaka H. Hayashii M. T. Hedges W.-S. Hou K. Inami G. Inguglia A. Ishikawa R. Itoh M. Iwasaki Y. Iwasaki W. W. Jacobs E.-J. Jang Y. Jin K. K. Joo J. Kahn A. B. Kaliyar K. H. Kang T. Kawasaki C. Kiesling C. H. Kim D. Y. Kim K.-H. Kim Y.-K. Kim K. Kinoshita P. Kodyš S. Kohani T. Konno A. Korobov S. Korpar E. Kovalenko P. Križan R. Kroeger P. Krokovny M. Kumar R. Kumar K. Kumara Y.-J. Kwon T. Lam M. Laurenza S. C. Lee J. Li L. K. Li Y. Li Y. B. Li L. Li Gioi J. Libby K. Lieret D. Liventsev A. Martini M. Masuda T. Matsuda D. Matvienko S. K. Maurya F. Meier M. Merola F. Metzner K. Miyabayashi R. Mizuk G. B. Mohanty R. Mussa M. Nakao D. Narwal Z. Natkaniec A. Natochii L. Nayak N. K. Nisar S. Nishida K. Nishimura K. Ogawa S. Ogawa H. Ono P. Oskin P. Pakhlov G. Pakhlova T. Pang S. Pardi S.-H. Park S. Patra S. Paul T. K. Pedlar R. Pestotnik L. E. Piilonen T. Podobnik E. Prencipe M. T. Prim M. Röhrken A. Rostomyan N. Rout G. Russo D. Sahoo S. Sandilya A. Sangal L. Santelj T. Sanuki V. Savinov G. Schnell J. Schueler C. Schwanda Y. Seino K. Senyo M. E. Sevior M. Shapkin C. Sharma V. Shebalin J.-G. Shiu B. Shwartz J. B. Singh A. Sokolov E. Solovieva S. Stanič M. Starič Z. S. Stottler M. Sumihama K. Sumisawa T. Sumiyoshi W. Sutcliffe M. Takizawa U. Tamponi K. Tanida F. Tenchini K. Trabelsi M. Uchida S. Uehara T. Uglov Y. Unno K. Uno S. Uno P. Urquijo S Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE) and Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200443 High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba 305-0801 SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies) Hayama 240-0193 Department of Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-0033 Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Tabuk Tabuk 71451 Department of Physics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45221 National Research University Higher School of Economics Moscow 101000 Deutsches Elektronen–Synchrotron 22607 Hamburg Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino 142281 University of Mississippi University Mississippi 38677 University of Hawaii Honolulu Hawaii 96822 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali SAS Nagar 140306 Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Assam 781039 Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University 121 16 Prague Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090 Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk 630090 P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 119991 Wayne State University Detroit Michigan 48202 Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Maribor 2000 Maribor J. Stefan Institute 1000 Ljubljana INFN–Sezione di Roma Tre I-00146 Roma INFN–Sezione di Napoli I-80126 Napoli Università di Napoli Federico II I-80126 Napoli Department of Physics Fu Jen Catholic University Taipei 24205 Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Max-Planck-Institut für Physik 80805 München National Central University Chung-li 32054 Department of Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences Hanyang University Seoul 04763 Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Daejeon 34141 Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Chung-Ang University Seoul

We search for a light Higgs boson (A0) decaying into a τ+τ− or μ+μ− pair in the radiative decays of ϒ(1S). The production of ϒ(1S) mesons is tagged by ϒ(2S)→π+π−ϒ(1S) transitions, using 158×106 ϒ(2S) events accumulated with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy electron-positron collider. No significant A0 signals in the mass range from the τ+τ− or μ+μ− threshold to 9.2 GeV/c2 are observed. We set the upper limits at 90% credibility level (C.L.) on the product branching fractions for ϒ(1S)→γA0 and A0→τ+τ− varying from 3.8×10−6 to 1.5×10−4. Our results represent an approximately twofold improvement on the current world best upper limits for the ϒ(1S)→γA0(→τ+τ−) production. For A0→μ+μ−, the upper limits on the product branching fractions for ϒ(1S)→γA0 and A0→μ+μ− are at the same level as the world average limits, and vary from 3.1×10−7 to 1.6×10−5. The upper limits at 90% credibility level on the Yukawa coupling fϒ(1S) and mixing angle sinθA0 are also given.

关键词： Branching fraction Extensions of Higgs sector Leptonic, semileptonic & radiative decays Hypothetical gauge bosons Lepton colliders

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Plasmon-Enhanced Solar-Driven Hydrogen Evolution Using Plasmonic Metasurface Broadband Absorbers

Plasmon-Enhanced Solar-Driven Hydrogen Evolution Using Plasm...

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Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO/Pacific Rim)

作者： Tzu-Yu Peng Meng-Ju Yu Chih-Li Chang Hao-Yu Lan Zong-Yi Chiao Yu-Chia Chen Ho Wai Howard Lee Yia-Chung Chang Shu-Wei Chang Takuo Tanaka Vincent Tung Ho-Hsiu Chou Yu-Jung Lu Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California Irvine California USA Metamaterials Laboratory RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research Saitama Japan RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics Innovative Photon Manipulation Research Team Saitama Japan Institute of Post-LED Photonics Tokushima University Tokushima Japan Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia

Broadband perfect absorbers in the visible region have attracted considerable attention in many fields, especially in solar thermophotovoltaic and energy harvesting systems. However, developing light absorbers with high absorptivity, thermal stability, and a broad bandwidth remains a great challenge. Here, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate that transition metal nitride metasurface absorber exhibits broadband absorption with an average absorption of more than 92% over a wavelength range of 400 to 750 nm [1]. The increase in absorption is attributed to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). We report the plasmon-enhanced visible-light-driven hydrogen production from water using a polymer photocatalyst integrated with a TiN metasurface absorber. A 300% increase in the hydrogen evolution rate was observed due to the LSPR that enhances the rates of light absorption, carrier separation, and hot-carrier transfer in polymer photocatalyst. The concept is extensible to other types of photocatalyst such as 2D materials. We will also discuss the outlook for plasmonic metasurface in applications of solar energy harvesting systems.

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Zn Dendrite-Inhibiting Tactics Controlled by Parallelly Aligned Mxene Film Under Self-Traction for Zinc Storage

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Shi, Zhenglu Zhao, Xing Chen, Xiaobo Fu, Wenfeng Lan, Lin Zhang, Jun Ling, Francis Chi-Chun Wei, Li Ru, Qiang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Efficient Green Energy and Environment Protection Materials Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science Institute of Quantum Matter School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou510006 China Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter Frontier Research Institute for Physics South China Normal University Guangzhou510006 China School of Materials and New Energy South China Normal University Shanwei516625 China School of Physical Science and Technology Lingnan Normal University 29 Cunjin Road Zhanjiang524048 China Department of Physics The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Sydney Australia

Zinc dendrites have a serious impact on the long-cycle performance of zinc storage equipment. Seeking efficient dendrite-inhibiting techniques for zinc anode is a pressing matter and research hotspot. Here, a metal protection strategy is reported, where the Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanosheets are uniformly coated on zinc anode (MXene@Zn) in parallel alignment under self-traction by an in-situ Langmuir Blodgett Scooping method. The close contact of the conductive MXene nanosheets with the zinc surface facilitates the regulation of zinc stripping/plating to achieve uniform zinc deposition. Meanwhile, the Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene with robust mechanical strength and superior flexibility can suppress the crisscross growth of zinc dendrites. The MXene@Zn electrode shows satisfying dendrite-free morphology and ultralong cycle stability with operation 1000 h (at 3 mA cm -2 , 0.5 mAh cm -2 ) and 500 h (at 5 mA cm -2 and 0.5 mAh cm -2 ). In addition, according to its additive-free and spontaneously formed Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene protective structure, the protected zinc ion batteries have a high-capacity retention of 98.3%, and the protected zinc ion capacitors cycle for 20,000 times in a quite smooth manner. This result provides a valid strategy for suppressing zinc dendrites to upgrade the cycling capability of zinc storage. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanosheets

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Liquid-liquid transition in water from first principles

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Gartner, Thomas E. Piaggi, Pablo M. Car, Roberto Panagiotopoulos, Athanassios Z. Debenedetti, Pablo G. Department of Chemistry Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Physics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States

A longstanding question in water research is the possibility that supercooled liquid water can undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition (LLT) into high- and low-density liquids. We used several complementary molecular simulation techniques to evaluate the possibility of an LLT in an ab initio neural network model of water trained on density functional theory calculations with the SCAN exchange correlation functional. We conclusively show the existence of a first-order LLT and an associated critical point in the SCAN description of water, representing the first definitive computational evidence for an LLT in water from first principles. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Density functional theory

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Sensitive detection of entanglement in exciton-polariton condensates via spin squeezing

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physical Review A 2021年第1期104卷 013318-013318页

作者： Jingyan Feng Ebubechukwu O. Ilo-Okeke Alexey N. Pyrkov Alexis Askitopoulos Tim Byrnes State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy School of Physical and Material Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China New York University Shanghai 1555 Century Ave. Pudong Shanghai 200122 China Department of Physics School of Physical Sciences Federal University of Technology P. M. B. 1526 0werri 460001 Nigeria Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences Acad. Semenov av. 1 Chernogolovka Moscow Region 142432 Russia Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Bolshoy Boulevard 30 bld. 1 Moscow 121205 Russia NYU-ECNU Institute of Physics at NYU Shanghai 3663 Zhongshan Road North Shanghai 200062 China National Institute of Informatics 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101-8430 Japan Department of Physics New York University New York NY 10003 USA

We propose a method of generating and detecting entanglement via spin squeezing in an exciton-polariton condensate. Spin squeezing is a sensitive detector of entanglement because any squeezing below shot noise implies entanglement. In our scheme, two polariton spin species are resonantly pumped, forming a particle number fluctuating effective spin. The naturally occurring nonlinear interactions between the polaritons produce an effective one-axis squeezing interaction, which drives the system toward a spin-squeezed state at steady-state. We investigate the squeezing level that is attainable at the steady state for realistic experimental parameters and show the favorable parameters for strong squeezing. The amount of squeezing tends to improve with larger pumping, due to the bosonic enhancement of the one-axis twisting Hamiltonian. Using number-fluctuating versions of the Wineland squeezing criterion and optimal spin inequalities, we show how multipartite entanglement can be detected.

关键词： Bose-Einstein condensates Entanglement detection Exciton polariton Quantum entanglement Quantum simulation Polariton condensate Spin

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Reconstruction of extensive air shower images of the first Large Size Telescope prototype of CTA using a novel likelihood technique 37

Reconstruction of extensive air shower images of the first L...

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37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

作者： Emery, Gabriel Dalchenko, Mykhailo Foffano, Luca Heller, Matthieu Montaruli, Teresa Abe, H. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Armstrong, T. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, A. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Becerra González, J. Bernardos, M.I. Berti, A. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Cassol, F. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. De Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsässer, D. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Fonseca, M.V. Freixas Coromina, L. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia López, R. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Green, D. Grespan, P. Gunji, S. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, K. Heckmann, L. Herrera Llorente, J. Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. Hütten, M. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jacquemont, M. Jimenez Martinez, I. Jouvin, L. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marquez, P. Marsella, G. Martí, J. Martinez, O. Martínez, G. Martínez, M. Marusevec, P. Mas, A. Maurin, G. Mazin, D. Mestre Guillen, E. Micanovic, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J.M. Miranda, L.D.M. Mirzoyan, R. Mizuno, T. Molina, E. Monteiro, I. Moralejo, A. Morcuende, D. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Mrakovcic, K. Murase, K. Nagai, A. University of Geneva DPNC 24 rue du Général-Dufour Geneva Switzerland Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Japan Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Spain INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Italy Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM France The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Spain IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay France LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 Annecy France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Germany Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Japan EMFTEL department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid Spain INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna Italy Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas Brazil INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Italy Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Spain Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Germany Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Germany Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics India INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine Italy INFN Sezione di Catania Italy Italy University of Geneva Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire Switzerland Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Science Czech Republic CIEMAT Spain Port d'Informació Científica Spain INFN Sezione di Torino Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Universitá degli Studi di Torino Italy INFN Sezione di Bari Università di Bari Italy University of Rijeka Department of Physics Croatia Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Universität Würzburg Germany Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Japan INFN Sezione di Bari Politecnico di Bari Italy Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics University of Lodz Poland University of Split FESB Croat

Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy aims at reconstructing the energy and direction of gamma rays from the extensive air showers they initiate in the atmosphere. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) collect the Cherenkov light induced by secondary charged particles in extensive air showers (EAS), creating an image of the shower in a camera positioned in the focal plane of optical systems. This image is used to evaluate the type, energy and arrival direction of the primary particle that initiated the shower. This contribution shows the results of a novel reconstruction method based on likelihood maximization. The novelty with respect to previous likelihood reconstruction methods lies in the definition of a likelihood per single camera pixel, accounting not only for the total measured charge, but also for its development over time. This leads to more precise reconstruction of shower images. The method is applied to observations of the Crab Nebula acquired with the Large Size Telescope prototype (LST-1) deployed at the northern site of the Cherenkov Telescope Array. © 2022 Sissa Medialab Srl. All rights reserved.

关键词： Charged particles

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Exploring the Strong Interaction of Three-Body Systems at the LHC

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physical Review X 2024年第3期14卷 031051页

作者： S. Acharya D. Adamová G. Aglieri Rinella M. Agnello N. Agrawal Z. Ahammed S. Ahmad S. U. Ahn I. Ahuja A. Akindinov M. Al-Turany D. Aleksandrov B. Alessandro H. M. Alfanda R. Alfaro Molina B. Ali A. Alici N. Alizadehvandchali A. Alkin J. Alme G. Alocco T. Alt A. R. Altamura I. Altsybeev J. R. Alvarado M. N. Anaam C. Andrei N. Andreou A. Andronic V. Anguelov F. Antinori P. Antonioli N. Apadula L. Aphecetche H. Appelshäuser C. Arata S. Arcelli M. Aresti R. Arnaldi J. G. M. C. A. Arneiro I. C. Arsene M. Arslandok A. Augustinus R. Averbeck M. D. Azmi H. Baba A. Badalà J. Bae Y. W. Baek X. Bai R. Bailhache Y. Bailung A. Balbino A. Baldisseri B. Balis D. Banerjee Z. Banoo R. Barbera F. Barile L. Barioglio M. Barlou B. Barman G. G. Barnaföldi L. S. Barnby V. Barret L. Barreto C. Bartels K. Barth E. Bartsch N. Bastid S. Basu G. Batigne D. Battistini B. Batyunya D. Bauri J. L. Bazo Alba I. G. Bearden C. Beattie P. Becht D. Behera I. Belikov A. D. C. Bell Hechavarria F. Bellini R. Bellwied S. Belokurova Y. A. V. Beltran G. Bencedi S. Beole Y. Berdnikov A. Berdnikova L. Bergmann M. G. Besoiu L. Betev P. P. Bhaduri A. Bhasin M. A. Bhat B. Bhattacharjee L. Bianchi N. Bianchi J. Bielčík J. Bielčíková J. Biernat A. P. Bigot A. Bilandzic G. Biro S. Biswas N. Bize J. T. Blair D. Blau M. B. Blidaru N. Bluhme C. Blume G. Boca F. Bock T. Bodova A. Bogdanov S. Boi J. Bok L. Boldizsár M. Bombara P. M. Bond G. Bonomi H. Borel A. Borissov A. G. Borquez Carcamo H. Bossi E. Botta Y. E. M. Bouziani L. Bratrud P. Braun-Munzinger M. Bregant M. Broz G. E. Bruno M. D. Buckland D. Budnikov H. Buesching S. Bufalino P. Buhler N. Burmasov Z. Buthelezi A. Bylinkin S. A. Bysiak M. Cai H. Caines A. Caliva E. Calvo Villar J. M. M. Camacho P. Camerini F. D. M. Canedo S. L. Cantway M. Carabas A. A. Carballo F. Carnesecchi R. Caron L. A. D. Carvalho J. Castillo Castellanos F. Catalano C. Ceballos Sanchez I. Chakaberia P. Chakraborty S. Chandra S. Chapeland M. Chartier S. Chattopadhyay T. Cheng C. Cheshkov B. Cheynis V. Chibante Barroso D. D. Chinellato E. Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3 LPC Clermont-Ferrand France Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Husinec-Řež Czech Republic Geneva Switzerland Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN Turin Italy INFN Sezione di Bologna Bologna Italy Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre Homi Bhabha National Institute Kolkata India Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Daejeon Republic of Korea Faculty of Science P.J. Šafárik University Košice Slovak Republic Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Darmstadt Germany INFN Sezione di Torino Turin Italy Central China Normal University Wuhan China Instituto de Física Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università Bologna Italy and Sezione INFN Bologna Italy University of Houston Houston Texas USA Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway INFN Sezione di Cagliari Cagliari Italy Institut für Kernphysik Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany INFN Sezione di Bari Bari Italy Physik Department Technische Universität München Munich Germany High Energy Physics Group Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla Mexico Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering Bucharest Romania University of Derby Derby United Kingdom Universität Münster Institut für Kernphysik Münster Germany Physikalisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany INFN Sezione di Padova Padova Italy Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA SUBATECH IMT Atlantique Nantes Université CNRS-IN2P3 Nantes France Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie Université Grenoble-Alpes CNRS-IN2P3 Grenoble France Dipar

Deuterons are atomic nuclei composed of a neutron and a proton held together by the strong interaction. Unbound ensembles composed of a deuteron and a third nucleon have been investigated in the past using scattering experiments, and they constitute a fundamental reference in nuclear physics to constrain nuclear interactions and the properties of nuclei. In this work, K+−d and p−d femtoscopic correlations measured by the ALICE Collaboration in proton-proton (pp) collisions at s=13 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented. It is demonstrated that correlations in momentum space between deuterons and kaons or protons allow us to study three-hadron systems at distances comparable with the proton radius. The analysis of the K+−d correlation shows that the relative distances at which deuterons and protons or kaons are produced are around 2 fm. The analysis of the p−d correlation shows that only a full three-body calculation that accounts for the internal structure of the deuteron can explain the data. In particular, the sensitivity of the observable to the short-range part of the interaction is demonstrated. These results indicate that correlations involving light nuclei in pp collisions at the LHC will also provide access to any three-body system in the strange and charm sectors.

关键词： Hadron-hadron interactions

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A universal scaling law for active diffusion in complex media

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Qun Tian, Yuxin Zhang, Xue Yu, Xiaoting Zhu, Hongwei Zheng, Ning Ning, Luhui Ni, Ran Yang, Mingcheng Liu, Peng School of Physics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China School of Physical Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials for Higher Education in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Baotou Teachers’ College Baotou014030 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum-Beijing Beijing102249 China School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University 62 Nanyang Drive Singapore637459 Singapore Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

Using granular experiments and computer simulations, we investigate the long-time diffusion of active tracers in a broad class of complex media composed of frozen obstacles of diverse structures. By introducing a dimensionless persistence length Q = vdτr/dt, we propose a modified scaling relation that independently collapses experimental and simulation results across active and passive particles, diverse media, and distinct propulsion mechanisms. Our results reveal a universal active diffusion-structure relation that holds across both equilibrium and nonequilibrium regimes, providing a simple predictive framework for active diffusion in complex environments. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Scaling laws

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Analysis of the Cherenkov Telescope Array first Large-Sized Telescope real data using convolutional neural networks 37

Analysis of the Cherenkov Telescope Array first Large-Sized ...

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37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

作者： Vuillaume, Thomas Jacquemont, Mikaël de Bony de Lavergne, Mathieu Sanchez, David A. Poireau, Vincent Maurin, Gilles Benoit, Alexandre Lambert, Patrick Lamanna, Giovanni Abe, H. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Armstrong, T. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, A. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Becerra González, J. Bernardos, M.I. Berti, A. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Cassol, F. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. Dalchenko, M. De Angelis, A. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsässer, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Fonseca, M.V. Freixas Coromina, L. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia López, R. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Green, D. Grespan, P. Gunji, S. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, K. Heckmann, L. Heller, M. Herrera Llorente, J. Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. Hütten, M. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jimenez Martinez, I. Jouvin, L. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marquez, P. Marsella, G. Martí, J. Martinez, O. Martínez, G. Martínez, M. Marusevec, P. Mas, A. Mazin, D. Mestre Guillen, E. Micanovic, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J.M. Miranda, L.D.M. Mirzoyan, R. Mizuno, T. Molina, E. Montaruli, T. Monteiro, I. Moralejo, A. Morcuende, D. Moretti, E. Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 LAPP 9 chemin de bellevue Annecy74940 France LISTIC Université Savoie Mont-Blanc Polytech Annecy-Chambéry 5 chemin de bellevue Annecy74940 France Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Japan Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía CSIC Spain INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Italy Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM France The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Spain IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Germany Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Japan EMFTEL department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid Spain INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna Italy Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas Brazil INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Italy Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Spain Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Germany Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Germany Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics India INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine Italy INFN Sezione di Catania Italy Italy University of Geneva Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire Switzerland Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Science Czech Republic CIEMAT Spain Port d'Informació Científica Spain INFN Sezione di Torino Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Universitá degli Studi di Torino Italy INFN Sezione di Bari Università di Bari Italy University of Rijeka Department of Physics Croatia Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Universität Würzburg Germany Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Japan INFN Sezione di Bari Politecnico di Bari

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the future ground-based gamma-ray observatory and will be composed of two arrays of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) located in the Northern and Southern hemispheres respectively. The first CTA prototype telescope built on-site, the Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1), is under commissioning in La Palma and has already taken data on numerous known sources. IACTs detect the faint flash of Cherenkov light indirectly produced after a very energetic gamma-ray photon has interacted with the atmosphere and generated an atmospheric shower. Reconstruction of the characteristics of the primary photons is usually done using a parameterization up to the third order of the light distribution of the images. In order to go beyond this classical method, new approaches are being developed using state-of-the-art methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) to reconstruct the properties of each event (incoming direction, energy and particle type) directly from the telescope images. While promising, these methods are notoriously difficult to apply to real data due to differences (such as different levels of night sky background) between Monte Carlo (MC) data used to train the network and real data. The GammaLearn project, based on these CNN approaches, has already shown an increase in sensitivity on MC simulations for LST-1 as well as a lower energy threshold. This work applies the GammaLearn network to real data acquired by LST-1 and compares the results to the classical approach that uses random forests trained on extracted image parameters. The improvements on the background rejection, event direction, and energy reconstruction are discussed in this contribution. © 2022 Sissa Medialab Srl. All rights reserved.

关键词： Telescopes

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