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Rational Design of Safer Inorganic Nanoparticles via Mechanistic Modeling-Informed Machine Learning

ACS Nano 2025年第23期19卷 21538-21555页

作者： Cave, Joseph Christiono, Anne Schiavone, Carmine Pownall, Henry J. Cristini, Vittorio Staquicini, Daniela I. Pasqualini, Renata Arap, Wadih Brinker, C. Jeffrey Campen, Matthew Wang, Zhihui Van Nguyen, Hien Noureddine, Achraf Dogra, Prashant Mathematics in Medicine Program Department of Medicine Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston 77030 TX United States Physiology Biophysics and Systems Biology Program Graduate School of Medical Sciences Weill Cornell Medicine New York 10065 NY United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge 02139 MA United States Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production Engineering University of Naples Federico II Naples 80138 Italy Department of Medicine Houston Methodist Houston 77030 TX United States Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York 10065 NY United States Neal Cancer Center Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston 77030 TX United States Department of Imaging Physics University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Houston 77030 TX United States Rutgers Cancer Institute Newark 08901 NJ United States Division of Cancer Biology Department of Radiation Oncology Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Newark 08901 NJ United States Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of Medicine Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Newark 08901 NJ United States Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of New Mexico Albuquerque 87106 NM United States College of Pharmacy University of New Mexico Albuquerque 87106 NM United States Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell Medical College New York 10065 NY United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston Houston 77204 TX United States

The safety of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) remains a critical challenge for their clinical translation. To address this, we developed a machine learning (ML) framework that predicts NP toxicity both in vitro and in vivo, leveraging physicochemical properties and experimental conditions. A curated in vitro cytotoxicity dataset was used to train and validate binary classification models, with top-performing models undergoing explainability analysis to identify key determinants of toxicity and establish structure-toxicity relationships. External testing with diverse inorganic NPs validated the predictive accuracy of the framework for in vitro settings. To enable organ-specific toxicity predictions in vivo, we integrated a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model into the ML pipeline to quantify NP exposure across organs. Retraining the ML models with PBPK-derived exposure metrics yielded robust predictions of organ-specific nanotoxicity, further validating the framework. This PBPK-informed ML approach can thus serve as a potential alternative approach to streamline NP safety assessment, enabling the rational design of safer NPs and expediting their clinical translation. © 2025 The Authors. Published by American chemical Society.

关键词： artificial intelligence cytotoxicity machine learning mathematical modeling nanoparticle nanotoxicity PBPK

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Search for the radiative penguin decays B0→KS0KS0γ in the Belle experiment

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physical Review D 2022年第1期106卷 012006-012006页

作者： H. B. Jeon K. H. Kang H. Park I. Adachi H. Aihara S. Al Said D. M. Asner H. Atmacan T. Aushev R. Ayad V. Babu S. Bahinipati P. Behera K. Belous J. Bennett F. Bernlochner M. Bessner V. Bhardwaj B. Bhuyan T. Bilka A. Bobrov D. Bodrov J. Borah A. Bozek M. Bračko P. Branchini T. E. Browder A. Budano M. Campajola D. Červenkov M.-C. Chang P. Chang A. Chen B. G. Cheon K. Chilikin H. E. Cho K. Cho S.-J. Cho S.-K. Choi Y. Choi S. Choudhury D. Cinabro S. Cunliffe S. Das N. Dash G. De Pietro R. Dhamija F. Di Capua J. Dingfelder Z. Doležal T. V. Dong D. Epifanov T. Ferber D. Ferlewicz B. G. Fulsom R. Garg V. Gaur N. Gabyshev A. Giri P. Goldenzweig B. Golob E. Graziani T. Gu K. Gudkova C. Hadjivasiliou T. Hara K. Hayasaka H. Hayashii M. T. Hedges T. Higuchi W.-S. Hou C.-L. Hsu K. Inami G. Inguglia A. Ishikawa R. Itoh M. Iwasaki Y. Iwasaki W. W. Jacobs E.-J. Jang S. Jia Y. Jin K. K. Joo J. Kahn H. Kakuno A. B. Kaliyar T. Kawasaki C. Kiesling C. H. Kim D. Y. Kim K.-H. Kim K. T. Kim Y.-K. Kim K. Kinoshita P. Kodyš T. Konno A. Korobov S. Korpar E. Kovalenko P. Križan R. Kroeger P. Krokovny T. Kuhr M. Kumar K. Kumara A. Kuzmin Y.-J. Kwon Y.-T. Lai K. Lalwani T. Lam J. S. Lange M. Laurenza S. C. Lee C. H. Li J. Li Y. Li Y. B. Li L. Li Gioi J. Libby K. Lieret D. Liventsev A. Martini M. Masuda T. Matsuda D. Matvienko S. K. Maurya M. Merola F. Metzner K. Miyabayashi R. Mizuk G. B. Mohanty M. Nakao D. Narwal Z. Natkaniec A. Natochii L. Nayak M. Nayak N. K. Nisar S. Nishida K. Ogawa S. Ogawa H. Ono Y. Onuki P. Oskin P. Pakhlov G. Pakhlova T. Pang S. Pardi S.-H. Park A. Passeri S. Patra S. Paul T. K. Pedlar R. Pestotnik L. E. Piilonen T. Podobnik V. Popov E. Prencipe M. T. Prim M. V. Purohit M. Röhrken A. Rostomyan N. Rout G. Russo D. Sahoo S. Sandilya A. Sangal L. Santelj T. Sanuki V. Savinov G. Schnell C. Schwanda Y. Seino K. Senyo M. E. Sevior M. Shapkin C. Sharma V. Shebalin C. P. Shen J.-G. Shiu J. B. Singh A. Sokolov E. Solovieva M. Starič Z. S. Stottler J. F. Strube M. Sumihama T. Sumiyoshi M. Takizawa U. Tamponi K. Tanida F. Tenc Kyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI) University of Tokyo Kashiwa 277-8583 High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba 305-0801 SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies) Hayama 240-0193 Department of Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-0033 Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Tabuk Tabuk 71451 Department of Physics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45221 National Research University Higher School of Economics Moscow 101000 Deutsches Elektronen–Synchrotron 22607 Hamburg Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar Satya Nagar 751007 Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino 142281 University of Mississippi University Mississippi 38677 University of Bonn 53115 Bonn University of Hawaii Honolulu Hawaii 96822 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali SAS Nagar 140306 Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Assam 781039 Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University 121 16 Prague Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090 Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk 630090 P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 119991 H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Krakow 31-342 Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Maribor 2000 Maribor J. Stefan Institute 1000 Ljubljana INFN—Sezione di Roma Tre I-00146 Roma INFN—Sezione di Napoli I-80126 Napoli Università di Napoli Federico II I-80126 Napoli Department of Physics Fu Jen Catholic University Taipei 24205 Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 National Central University Chung-li 32054 Department of Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences Hanyang University Seoul 04763 Korea Institute of Science and Technology Inform

We report results from the first search for the rare penguin-dominated decay mode B0→KS0KS0γ, which can result from the production of tensor mesons f(1270) and f′(1525) in association with a photon. The search uses the full data sample of 772×106 BB¯ pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. No statistically significant signals are observed in the KS0KS0 invariant mass range 1 GeV/c2

关键词： Electroweak interaction Flavor changing neutral currents Bottom mesons Lepton colliders

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Segmental Lennard-Jones interactions for semi-flexible polymer networks

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Floyd, Carlos Chandresekaran, Aravind Ni, Haoran Ni, Qin Papoian, Garegin A. Biophysics Program University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Institute for Physical Science and Technology University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

Simulating soft matter systems such as the cytoskeleton can enable deep understanding of experimentally observed phenomena. One challenge of modeling such systems is realistic description of the steric repulsion between nearby polymers. Previous models of the polymeric excluded volume interaction have the deficit of being non-analytic, being computationally expensive, or allowing polymers to erroneously cross each other. A recent solution to these issues, implemented in the MEDYAN simulation platform, uses analytical expressions obtained from integrating an interaction kernel along the lengths of two polymer segments to describe their repulsion. Here, we extend this model by re-deriving it for lower-dimensional geometrical configurations, deriving similar expressions using a steeper interaction kernel, comparing it to other commonly used potentials, and showing how to parameterize these models. We also generalize this new integrated style of potential by introducing a segmental Lennard-Jones potential, which enables modelling both attractive and repulsive interactions in semi-flexible polymer networks. These results can be further generalized to facilitate the development of effective interaction potentials for other finite elements in simulations of soft-matter systems. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lennard-Jones potential

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Reprocessing the NEAT Dataset: Preliminary Results

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Nugent, C.R. Bauer, J.M. Benitez, O. Blain, M. D’Souza, N. Garimella, S. Goldwater, M. Kim, Y. Larsen, H.C.G. Linder, T. Mackowiak, K. McGinnis, Z. Pan, E. Pedersen, C.C. Sadhwani, P. Spoto, F. Tan, N.J. Vereš, P. Xue, C. Olin College of Engineering 1000 Olin Way NeedhamMA02492 United States Department of Astronomy University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Earth and Space Sciences College of the Canyons Santa ClaritaCA91355 United States MIT-WHOI Joint Program in Applied Ocean Science & Engineering Cambridge and Woods Hole MA United States Department of Applied Ocean Physics & Engineering Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 266 Woods Hole Road MS #55 Woods HoleMA02543-1050 United States Aalborg University Fibigerstræde 16 Aalborg9220 Denmark Planetary Science Institute TucsonAZ85719 United States Minor Planet Center Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States School of Physical and Chemical Sciences Te Kura Matū University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch8140 New Zealand

We have created a new image analysis pipeline to reprocess images taken by the Near Earth Asteroid Tracking survey and have applied it to ten nights of observations. This work is the first large-scale reprocessing of images from an asteroid discovery survey in which thousands of archived images are re-calibrated, searched for minor planets, and resulting observations are reported to the Minor Planet Center. We describe the software used to extract, calibrate, and clean sources from the images, including specific techniques that accommodate the unique features of these archival images. This pipeline is able to find fainter asteroids than the original pipeline. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Asteroids

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Detecting mercury ions in water using a low-cost colorimetric sensor derived from immobilized silver nanoparticles on a paper substrate

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Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management 2022年 18卷

作者： Budlayan, Marco Laurence Dalagan, Jhonnybert Lagare-Oracion, Jeanne Phyre Patricio, Jonathan Arco, Susan Latayada, Felmer Vales, Temmy Baje, Benito Alguno, Arnold Capangpangan, Rey Department of Physics School of Science and Engineering Ateneo de Manila University Quezon City 1108 Philippines Department of Chemistry Caraga State University Butuan City 8600 Philippines Materials Science and Polymer Chemistry Laboratory Caraga State University Butuan City 8600 Philippines Materials Science Engineering Program College of Science University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory Institute of Chemistry University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines Physics Unit Philippine Science High School Central Visayas Campus Talaytay Argao 6021 Cebu Philippines Department of Physics Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology Tibanga Iligan City 9200 Philippines Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics College of Marine and Allied Sciences Mindanao State University at Naawan Poblacion Naawan 9023 Misamis Oriental Philippines

The exceptional and specific reactivity of mercury ions (Hg2+) toward plasmonic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in aqueous media has motivated the need to develop innovative, low-cost, portable, and robust sensors to hel... 详细信息

The exceptional and specific reactivity of mercury ions (Hg²⁺) toward plasmonic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in aqueous media has motivated the need to develop innovative, low-cost, portable, and robust sensors to help address the detrimental effects of heavy metal contamination particularly in rural communities. In this paper, we present the plasmonic and colorimetric sensing of Hg²⁺ using a paper-based sensing material derived from thiamine-functionalized (ThAgNPs) that were immobilized on a commercial filter paper. Plasmonic AgNPs with a surface plasmon resonance peak at 420 nm and a size of about 21.3 nm were synthesized by a chemical reduction technique. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the characteristic functional groups of thiamine in the spectra of AgNPs, thereby confirming the functionalization of AgNPs. The successful integration of ThAgNPs onto the Whatman filter paper (WFP) matrix was confirmed by the UV–vis and SEM-EDX results. An evident color change from yellowish to white was manifested by the fabricated WFP-ThAgNP sensor in the presence of Hg²⁺ with an appreciable detection of up to 0.5 µM using the naked eye. The colorimetric response of the sensor was also found to be selective towards Hg²⁺ after testing with different metal ions. Moreover, the response was consistent for tap, and creek water samples spiked with Hg²⁺. The results of this work provide a promising baseline technology for the development of an affordable, fast, portable, and reliable sensor that can be used for on-site detection and monitoring of Hg²⁺ levels in the water. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Colorimetric sensor Mercury detection Paper-based device Silver nanoparticle Thiamine

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Interfacial Engineering of Ni/V2O3Heterostructure Catalyst for Boosting Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction in Alkaline Electrolytes

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第10期135卷

作者： Dr. Yu Duan Dr. Xiao-Long Zhang Dr. Fei-Yue Gao Dr. Yuan Kong Ying Duan Xiao-Tu Yang Dr. Xing-Xing Yu Dr. Yan-Ru Wang Shuai Qin Zhi Chen Dr. Rui Wu Peng-Peng Yang Prof. Xu-Sheng Zheng Prof. Jun-Fa Zhu Prof. Min-Rui Gao Prof. Tong-Bu Lu Prof. Zi-You Yu Prof. Shu-Hong Yu Department of Chemistry Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China MOE International Joint Laboratory of Materials Microstructure Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies School of Materials Science & Engineering Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin 300384 China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230029 China

Alkaline fuel cells can permit the adoption of platinum group metal-free (PGM-free) catalysts and cheap bipolar plates, thus further lowering the cost. With the exploration of PGM-free hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) catalysts, nickel-based compounds have been considered as the most promising HOR catalysts in alkali. Here we report an interfacial engineering through the formation of nickel-vanadium oxide (Ni/V 2 O 3 ) heterostructures to activate Ni for efficient HOR catalysis in alkali. The strong electron transfer from Ni to V 2 O 3 could modulate the electronic structure of Ni sites. The optimal Ni/V 2 O 3 catalyst exhibits a high intrinsic activity of 0.038 mA cm −2 and outstanding stability. Experimental and theoretical studies reveal that Ni/V 2 O 3 interface as the active sites can enable to optimize the hydrogen and hydroxyl bindings, as well as protect metallic Ni from extensive oxidation, thus achieving the notable activity and durability.

关键词： Alkaline Media Heterostructure Catalyst Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction Interfacial Engineering Ni/V2O3

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Anisotropic light-tailored RKKY interaction in two-dimensional d-wave altermagnets

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physical Review B 2025年第22期111卷 224412-224412页

作者： Mohsen Yarmohammadi Ulrich Zülicke Jamal Berakdar Jacob Linder James K. Freericks Department of Physics Georgetown University Washington DC 20057 USA MacDiarmid Institute School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Victoria University of Wellington P.O. Box 600 Wellington 6140 New Zealand Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Victoria University of Wellington P.O. Box 600 Wellington 6140 New Zealand Institut für Physik Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg 06099 Halle/Saale Germany Center for Quantum Spintronics Department of Physics Norwegian University of Science and Technology NO-7491 Trondheim Norway

Altermagnets are known in spintronics for their intrinsic spin-splitting and unconventional magnetic responses, particularly to magnetic impurities. However, effectively controlling the magnetic exchange interactions in altermagnets is challenging for practical applications. Here, we propose using circularly polarized light to tune the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction in two-dimensional d-wave altermagnets. Using the real-space retarded Green's functions approach, our results show that while the Heisenberg and Ising exchanges dominate, a notable Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya (DM) interaction also plays a key role. Furthermore, the inherent strength of altermagnetism imprints chirp-like signatures into the magnetic responses, which can be dynamically tuned via light. We mainly demonstrate that gate-induced Rashba spin-orbit coupling is essential in response to light—light selectively and anisotropically adjusts the DM interaction without affecting the other exchanges. Our findings further indicate that rotating the altermagnet by 45∘ relative to the light's polarization direction generates a Dirac-like dispersion and different DM interactions. We finally extract critical thresholds where light reverses DM interactions along one axis or balances both in-plane components. The anisotropic light-driven control of RKKY interactions in altermagnets not only highlights their unique properties but also opens new avenues for engineering tailored magnetic characteristics in spintronic applications.

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Measurement of the branching fraction and CP asymmetry for B→D¯0π decays

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physical Review D 2022年第7期105卷 072007-072007页

作者： T. Bloomfield M. E. Sevior I. Adachi H. Aihara S. Al Said D. M. Asner V. Aulchenko T. Aushev R. Ayad V. Babu S. Bahinipati P. Behera J. Bennett M. Bessner T. Bilka J. Biswal A. Bobrov G. Bonvicini A. Bozek M. Bračko T. E. Browder M. Campajola L. Cao D. Červenkov M.-C. Chang V. Chekelian A. Chen B. G. Cheon K. Chilikin H. E. Cho K. Cho S.-J. Cho S.-K. Choi Y. Choi S. Choudhury D. Cinabro S. Cunliffe S. Das N. Dash G. De Nardo R. Dhamija F. Di Capua Z. Doležal T. V. Dong S. Dubey S. Eidelman D. Epifanov T. Ferber D. Ferlewicz B. G. Fulsom R. Garg V. Gaur A. Garmash A. Giri P. Goldenzweig C. Hadjivasiliou S. Halder O. Hartbrich K. Hayasaka H. Hayashii M. T. Hedges M. Hernandez Villanueva W.-S. Hou C.-L. Hsu T. Iijima G. Inguglia A. Ishikawa R. Itoh M. Iwasaki Y. Iwasaki W. W. Jacobs E.-J. Jang S. Jia Y. Jin C. W. Joo K. K. Joo A. B. Kaliyar K. H. Kang G. Karyan T. Kawasaki C. H. Kim D. Y. Kim H. J. Kim S. H. Kim Y.-K. Kim T. D. Kimmel P. Kodyš T. Konno A. Korobov S. Korpar E. Kovalenko P. Križan R. Kroeger P. Krokovny M. Kumar R. Kumar K. Kumara Y.-J. Kwon K. Lalwani J. S. Lange I. S. Lee S. C. Lee C. H. Li J. Li Y. B. Li L. Li Gioi J. Libby K. Lieret D. Liventsev T. Luo C. MacQueen M. Masuda T. Matsuda D. Matvienko M. Merola F. Metzner K. Miyabayashi R. Mizuk G. B. Mohanty S. Mohanty H. K. Moon R. Mussa M. Nakao Z. Natkaniec A. Natochii L. Nayak M. Nayak M. Niiyama N. K. Nisar S. Nishida H. Ono Y. Onuki P. Oskin P. Pakhlov G. Pakhlova S. Pardi H. Park S.-H. Park S. Paul T. K. Pedlar R. Pestotnik L. E. Piilonen T. Podobnik V. Popov E. Prencipe M. T. Prim M. Ritter A. Rostomyan N. Rout M. Rozanska G. Russo D. Sahoo Y. Sakai S. Sandilya A. Sangal L. Santelj T. Sanuki V. Savinov G. Schnell J. Schueler C. Schwanda A. J. Schwartz Y. Seino K. Senyo M. Shapkin C. Sharma C. P. Shen J.-G. Shiu B. Shwartz F. Simon A. Sokolov E. Solovieva M. Starič Z. S. Stottler J. F. Strube M. Sumihama K. Sumisawa T. Sumiyoshi W. Sutcliffe M. Takizawa K. Tanida Y. Tao F. Tenchini K. Trabelsi M. Uchida K. Uno S. Uno Y. Usov S. E. Vahsen R. Va School of Physics University of Melbourne Victoria 3010 High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba 305-0801 SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies) Hayama 240-0193 Department of Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-0033 Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Tabuk Tabuk 71451 Department of Physics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090 Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk 630090 Higher School of Economics (HSE) Moscow 101000 Deutsches Elektronen–Synchrotron 22607 Hamburg Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar Satya Nagar 751007 Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 University of Mississippi University Mississippi 38677 University of Hawaii Honolulu Hawaii 96822 Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University 121 16 Prague J. Stefan Institute 1000 Ljubljana Wayne State University Detroit Michigan 48202 H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Krakow 31-342 Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Maribor 2000 Maribor INFN—Sezione di Napoli 80126 Napoli Università di Napoli Federico II 80126 Napoli University of Bonn 53115 Bonn Department of Physics Fu Jen Catholic University Taipei 24205 Max-Planck-Institut für Physik 80805 München National Central University Chung-li 32054 Department of Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences Hanyang University Seoul 04763 P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 119991 Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Daejeon 34141 Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Gyeongsang National University Jinju 52828 Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Telangana 502285 Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Jaipur 302017 Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE) and Institute of Modern Physics Fudan

We measure the branching fractions and CP asymmetries for the decays B0→D¯0π0 and B+→D¯0π+, using a data sample of 772×106 BB¯ pairs collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e− collider. The branching fractions obtained and direct CP asymmetries are B(B0→D¯0π0)=[2.70±0.06(stat)±0.10(syst)]×10−4, B(B+→D¯0π+)=[4.53±0.02(stat)±0.15(syst)]×10−3, ACP(B0→D¯0π0)=[+0.42±2.05(stat)±1.22(syst)]%, and ACP(B+→D¯0π+)=[+0.19±0.36(stat)±0.57(syst)]%. The measurements of B are the most precise to date and are in good agreement with previous results, as is the measurement of ACP(B+→D¯0π+). The measurement of ACP for B0→D¯0π0 is the first for this mode, and the value is consistent with Standard Model expectations.

关键词： Branching fraction Hadronic decays Particle decays Mesons CP violation Precision measurements

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Anomalous freezing of low dimensional water confined in graphene nanowrinkles

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Verhagen, Tim Klimes, Jiri Pacakova, Barbara Kalbac, Martin Vejpravova, Jana Department of Condensed Matter Physics Charles University Ke Karlovu 5 Prague 2121 16 Czech Republic Department of Chemical Physics and Optics Charles University Ke Karlovu 3 Prague 2121 16 Czech Republic JH Institute of Physical Chemistry Dolejskova 3 Prague 8182 23 Czech Republic Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Physics Høgskoleringen 5 TrondheimNO-7491 Norway

Various properties of water are affected by confinement as the space-filling of the water molecules is very different from bulk water. In our study, we challenged the creation of a stable system in which water molecules are permanently locked in nanodimensional graphene traps. For that purpose, we developed a technique - nitrocellulose-assisted transfer of graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition, which enables capturing of the water molecules below an atomically thin graphene membrane structured into a net of regular wrinkles with a lateral dimension of about 4 nm. After successfully confining water molecules below a graphene monolayer, we employed cryogenic Raman spectroscopy to monitor the phase changes of the confined water as a function of the tempe rature. In our experiment system, the graphene monolayer structured into a net of fine wrinkles plays a dual role: i) it enables water confinement and ii) serves as an extremely sensitive probe for phase transitions involving water via graphene-based spectroscopic monitoring of the underlying water structure. Experimental findings were supported with classical and path integral molecular dynamics simulations carried out on our experiment system. Results of simulations show that surface premelting of the ice confined within the wrinkles starts at ~ 200 K and the melting process is complete at ~ 240 K, which is far below the melting temperature of bulk water ice. The processes correspond to changes in the doping and strain in the graphene tracked by Raman spectroscopy. We conclude that water can be confined between graphene structured into nanowrinkles and silica substrate and its phase transitions can be tracked via Raman spectral feature of the encapsulating graphene. Our study also demonstrated that peculiar behavior of liquids under spatial confinement can be inspected via the optical response of atomically thin graphene sensors. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Graphene

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Data availability and requirements relevant for the Ariel space mission and other exoplanet atmosphere applications

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RAS Techniques and Instruments 2024年第1期3卷 636-690页

作者： Chubb, Katy L Robert, Severine Sousa-Silva, Clara Yurchenko, Sergei N Allard, Nicole F Boudon, Vincent Buldyreva, Jeanna Bultel, Benjamin Coustenis, Athena Foltynowicz, Aleksandra Gordon, Iouli E Hargreaves, Robert J Helling, Christiane Hill, Christian Hrodmarsson, Helgi Rafn Karman, Tijs Lecoq-Molinos, Helena Migliorini, Alessandra Rey, Michaël Richard, Cyril Sadiek, Ibrahim Schmidt, Frederic Sokolov, Andrei Stefani, Stefania Tennyson, Jonathan Venot, Olivia Wright, Sam O. M Arenales-Lope, Rosa Barstow, Joanna K Bocchieri, Andrea Carrasco, Nathalie Dubey, Dwaipayan Egorov, Oleg Muñoz, Antonio García Gharib-Nezhad, Ehsan Gkouvelis, Leonardos Grübel, Fabian Irwin, Patrick Gerard Joseph Knížek, Antonín Lewis, David A Lodge, Matt G Ma, Sushuang Martins, Zita Molaverdikhani, Karan Morello, Giuseppe Nikitin, Andrei Panek, Emilie Rengel, Miriam Rinaldi, Giovanna Skinner, Jack W Tinetti, Giovanna Van Kempen, Tim A Yang, Jingxuan Zingales, Tiziano HH Wills Physics Laboratory School of Physics University of Bristol Tyndall Avenue Bristol BS8 1TL United Kingdom Centre for Exoplanet Science University of St Andrews North Haugh St Andrews KY16 9SS United Kingdom Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB) Av. Circulaire 3 Uccle B-1180 Belgium Bard College Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences 30 Campus Rd Annandale-On-Hudson 12504 NY United States Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences Rua das Estrelas Porto P-4150-762 Portugal Department of Physics and Astronomy University College London London WC1E 6BT United Kingdom Observatoire de Paris PSL Research University 61 Avenue de l'Observatoire Paris F-75014 France Lab. ICB UMR 6303 CNRS / Universite de Bourgogne 9 Av. A. Savary BP 47870 Cedex Dijon F-21078 France Institut UTINAM UMR CNRS 6213 Universite de Franche-Comte 16 Route de Gray Cedex Besançon F-25030 France GEOPS Universite Paris-Saclay CNRS Orsay F-91405 France LESIA Paris Observatory CNRS PSL Univ. 5 place Jules Janssen Cedex Meudon F-92190 France Department of Physics Umeå University Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street Cambridge 02138 MA United States Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences Schmiedlstrasse 6 Graz A-8042 Austria TU Graz Fakultät für Mathematik Physik und Geodäsie Petersgasse 16 Graz A-8010 Austria Atomic and Molecular Data Unit International Atomic Energy Agency Wagramer Strasse 5 Vienna A-1400 Austria Universite Paris Cite and Univ Paris Est Creteil CNRS LISA Paris F-75013 France Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 Nijmegen NL-6525 AJ Netherlands Institute of Astronomy KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200D bus 2401 Leuven B-3001 Belgium IAPS-INAF Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100 Rome 00133 Italy Universite de Reims Champagne-Ardenne UMR CNRS 7331 BP 1039 Cedex 2 Reims F-51687 France Leibniz Institute for Plasma S

The goal of this white paper is to provide a snapshot of the data availability and data needs primarily for the Ariel space mission, but also for related atmospheric studies of exoplanets and cool stars. It covers the following data-related topics: molecular and atomic line lists, line profiles, computed cross-sections and opacities, collision-induced absorption and other continuum data, optical properties of aerosols and surfaces, atmospheric chemistry, UV photodissociation and photoabsorption cross-sections, and standards in the description and format of such data. These data aspects are discussed by addressing the following questions for each topic, based on the experience of the 'data-provider' and 'data-user' communities: (1) what are the types and sources of currently available data, (2) what work is currently in progress, and (3) what are the current and anticipated data needs. We present a GitHub platform for Ariel-related data, with the goal to provide a go-to place for both data-users and data-providers, for the users to make requests for their data needs and for the data-providers to link to their available data. Our aim throughout the paper is to provide practical information on existing sources of data whether in data bases, theoretical, or literature sources. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.

关键词： Algorithms Ariel Data Methods Data needs Numerical methods

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