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Pseudorapidity densities of charged particles with transverse momentum thresholds in pp collisions at s=5.02 and 13 TeV

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physical Review D 2023年第7期108卷 072008-072008页

作者： S. Acharya D. Adamová A. Adler G. Aglieri Rinella M. Agnello N. Agrawal Z. Ahammed S. Ahmad S. U. Ahn I. Ahuja A. Akindinov M. Al-Turany D. Aleksandrov B. Alessandro H. M. Alfanda R. Alfaro Molina B. Ali A. Alici N. Alizadehvandchali A. Alkin J. Alme G. Alocco T. Alt I. Altsybeev M. N. Anaam C. Andrei A. Andronic V. Anguelov F. Antinori P. Antonioli N. Apadula L. Aphecetche H. Appelshäuser C. Arata S. Arcelli M. Aresti R. Arnaldi J. G. M. C. A. Arneiro I. C. Arsene M. Arslandok A. Augustinus R. Averbeck M. D. Azmi A. Badalà J. Bae Y. W. Baek X. Bai R. Bailhache Y. Bailung A. Balbino A. Baldisseri B. Balis D. Banerjee Z. Banoo R. Barbera F. Barile L. Barioglio M. Barlou G. G. Barnaföldi L. S. Barnby V. Barret L. Barreto C. Bartels K. Barth E. Bartsch N. Bastid S. Basu G. Batigne D. Battistini B. Batyunya D. Bauri J. L. Bazo Alba I. G. Bearden C. Beattie P. Becht D. Behera I. Belikov A. D. C. Bell Hechavarria F. Bellini R. Bellwied S. Belokurova V. Belyaev G. Bencedi S. Beole A. Bercuci Y. Berdnikov A. Berdnikova L. Bergmann M. G. Besoiu L. Betev P. P. Bhaduri A. Bhasin M. A. Bhat B. Bhattacharjee L. Bianchi N. Bianchi J. Bielčík J. Bielčíková J. Biernat A. P. Bigot A. Bilandzic G. Biro S. Biswas N. Bize J. T. Blair D. Blau M. B. Blidaru N. Bluhme C. Blume G. Boca F. Bock T. Bodova A. Bogdanov S. Boi J. Bok L. Boldizsár A. Bolozdynya M. Bombara P. M. Bond G. Bonomi H. Borel A. Borissov A. G. Borquez Carcamo H. Bossi E. Botta Y. E. M. Bouziani L. Bratrud P. Braun-Munzinger M. Bregant M. Broz G. E. Bruno M. D. Buckland D. Budnikov H. Buesching S. Bufalino O. Bugnon P. Buhler Z. Buthelezi S. A. Bysiak M. Cai H. Caines A. Caliva E. Calvo Villar J. M. M. Camacho P. Camerini F. D. M. Canedo M. Carabas A. A. Carballo F. Carnesecchi R. Caron L. A. D. Carvalho J. Castillo Castellanos F. Catalano C. Ceballos Sanchez I. Chakaberia P. Chakraborty S. Chandra S. Chapeland M. Chartier S. Chattopadhyay T. G. Chavez T. Cheng C. Cheshkov B. Cheynis V. Chibante Barroso D. D. Chinellato E. S. Chizzali J. Cho S. Cho P. Chochula P. Chri Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3 LPC Clermont-Ferrand France Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Husinec-Řež Czech Republic Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität Frankfurt Institut für Informatik Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik Frankfurt Germany European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) Geneva Switzerland Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN Turin Italy INFN Sezione di Bologna Bologna Italy Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre Homi Bhabha National Institute Kolkata India Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Daejeon Republic of Korea Faculty of Science P.J. Šafárik University Košice Slovak Republic Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Darmstadt Germany INFN Sezione di Torino Turin Italy Central China Normal University Wuhan China Instituto de Física Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università Bologna Italy Sezione INFN Bologna Italy University of Houston Houston Texas USA Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway INFN Sezione di Cagliari Cagliari Italy Institut für Kernphysik Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering Bucharest Romania Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Institut für Kernphysik Münster Germany Physikalisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany INFN Sezione di Padova Padova Italy Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA SUBATECH IMT Atlantique Nantes Université CNRS-IN2P3 Nantes France Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie Université Grenoble-Alpes CNRS-IN2P3 Grenoble France Universidade de São Paulo (USP

The pseudorapidity density of charged particles with minimum transverse momentum (pT) thresholds of 0.15, 0.5, 1, and 2 GeV/c is measured in pp collisions at the center of mass energies of s=5.02 and 13 TeV with the ALICE detector. The study is carried out for inelastic collisions with at least one primary charged particle having a pseudorapidity (η) within ±0.8 and pT larger than the corresponding threshold. In addition, measurements without pT-thresholds are performed for inelastic and nonsingle-diffractive events as well as for inelastic events with at least one charged particle having |η|<1 in pp collisions at s=5.02 TeV for the first time at the LHC. These measurements are compared to the pythia 6, pythia 8, and epos-lhc models. In general, the models describe the η dependence of particle production well. However, discrepancies are observed for the highest transverse momentum threshold (pT>2 GeV/c), highlighting the importance of such measurements for tuning event generators. The new measurements agree within uncertainties with results from the ATLAS and CMS experiments obtained at s=13 TeV.

关键词： Hadron-hadron interactions Particle production QCD phenomenology

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Signatures of Weyl Fermion Annihilation in a Correlated Kagome Magnet

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physical Review Letters 2021年第25期127卷 256403-256403页

作者： Ilya Belopolski Tyler A. Cochran Xiaoxiong Liu Zi-Jia Cheng Xian P. Yang Zurab Guguchia Stepan S. Tsirkin Jia-Xin Yin Praveen Vir Gohil S. Thakur Songtian S. Zhang Junyi Zhang Konstantine Kaznatcheev Guangming Cheng Guoqing Chang Daniel Multer Nana Shumiya Maksim Litskevich Elio Vescovo Timur K. Kim Cephise Cacho Nan Yao Claudia Felser Titus Neupert M. Zahid Hasan Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Spectroscopy (B7) Department of Physics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan Department of Physics University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy Paul Scherrer Institute Villigen PSI Switzerland Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Nöthnitzer Straße 40 01187 Dresden Germany Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universitat 01069 Dresden Germany Department of Physics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA Princeton Institute for Science and Technology of Materials Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore Diamond Light Source Didcot OX11 0DE United Kingdom Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA

The manipulation of topological states in quantum matter is an essential pursuit of fundamental physics and next-generation quantum technology. Here we report the magnetic manipulation of Weyl fermions in the kagome spin-orbit semimetal Co3Sn2S2, observed by high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy. We demonstrate the exchange collapse of spin-orbit-gapped ferromagnetic Weyl loops into paramagnetic Dirac loops under suppression of the magnetic order. We further observe that topological Fermi arcs disappear in the paramagnetic phase, suggesting the annihilation of exchange-split Weyl points. Our findings indicate that magnetic exchange collapse naturally drives Weyl fermion annihilation, opening new opportunities for engineering topology under correlated order parameters.

关键词： Ferromagnetism Topological materials Semimetals Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

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programming of Supercrystals Using Replicable DNA-Functionalized Colloids

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第22期136卷

作者： Xiaoyun Sun Dr. Wenqiang Hua Xiaoyu Liu Dr. Jing Jin Dr. Jianing Zhang Dr. Jie Tian Prof. Bin Zheng Prof. Wei Jiang Dr. Dongbao Yao Prof. Haojun Liang Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Polymer Science and Engineering School of Chemistry and Materials Science Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Zhangjiang Laboratory Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201204 China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 China Material Test and Analysis Lab Engineering and Materials Science Experiment Center University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei Normal University Hefei Anhui 230061 China deceased (February 11 2022)

The development of self-replicating systems is of great importance in research on the origin of life. As the most iconic molecules, nucleic acids have provided prominent examples of the fabrication of self-replicating artificial nanostructures. However, it is still challenging to construct sophisticated synthetic systems that can create large-scale or three-dimensionally ordered nanomaterials using self-replicating nanostructures. By integrating a template system containing DNA-functionalized colloidal seeds with a simplified DNA strand-displacement circuit programmed subsystem to produce DNA-functionalized colloidal copies, we developed a facile enthalpy-mediated strategy to control the replication and catalytic assembly of DNA-functionalized colloids in a time-dependent manner. The replication efficiency and crystal quality of the resulting superlattice structures can be effectively increased by regulating the molar ratio of the template to the copy colloids. By constructing binary systems from two types of gold nanoparticles (or proteins), superlattice structures with different crystal symmetries can be obtained through the replication and catalytic assembly processes. This programmable enthalpy-mediated approach was easily leveraged to achieve the phase transformation and catalytic amplification of colloidal crystals starting from different initial template crystals. This work offers a potential way to construct self-replicating artificial systems that exhibit complicated phase behaviors and can produce large-scale superlattice nanomaterials.

关键词： DNA-functionalized colloids replication DNA strand-displacement circuit colloidal crystal catalytic assembly

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A Fluid Multivalent Magnetic Interface for High-Performance Isolation and Proteomic Profiling of Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第21期135卷

作者： Qi Niu Dr. Yun Shu Yuanqiang Chen Dr. Zhi Huang Zhixian Yao Dr. Xiaofeng Chen Fanghe Lin Jianzhou Feng Chen Huang Dr. Hua Wang Dr. Hongming Ding Prof. Chaoyong Yang Dr. Lingling Wu The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of Chemical Biology College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou China Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou China Institute of Molecular Medicine Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Clinical Laboratory Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China

Isolation and analysis of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (T-EVs) are important for clinical cancer management. Here, we develop a fluid multivalent magnetic interface (FluidmagFace) in a microfluidic chip for high-performance isolation, release, and protein profiling of T-EVs. The FluidmagFace increases affinity by 105-fold with fluidity-enhanced multivalent binding to improve isolation efficiency by 13.9 % compared with a non-fluid interface. Its anti-adsorption property and microfluidic hydrodynamic shear minimize contamination, increasing detection sensitivity by two orders of magnitude. Moreover, its reversibility and expandability allow high-throughput recovery of T-EVs for mass spectrometric protein analysis. With the chip, T-EVs were detected in all tested cancer samples with identification of differentially expressed proteins compared with healthy controls. The FluidmagFace opens a new avenue to isolation and release of targets for cancer diagnosis and biomarker discovery.

关键词： Extracellular Vesicles Fluid Interface Interfacial Reaction Liquid Biopsy Microfluidics

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Facilitating OH* Generation on Atomic Pd–Cu Dual Sites towards Efficient Glycerol Electrooxidation to Formate

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Angewandte Chemie 2025年

作者： Junjun Li Yizhen Zhang Liya Zhang Qi Zhou Jiangrong Yang Yu Fu Le Yu Yuanmiao Sun Zhenhua Li Yuchen Qin Ding Yi Hui Zhang Dingsheng Wang Zhicheng Zhang Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China Institute of Carbon Neutrality College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu Sichuan P. R. China Department of Physics School of Physical Science and Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 P. R. China Beijing University of Chemical Technology State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China Faculty of Materials Science and Energy Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Tech-nology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China. College of sciences Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450000 P. R. China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China

The electrocatalytic glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR) represents a mild and sustainable pathway to produce value-added chemicals such as formate. However, the rational design and controlled synthesis of efficient catalysts to achieve highly selective C−C bond cleavage of glycerol towards formate remains a great challenge. Herein, atomic Pd doped Cu 3 N hollow nanocubes with Pd−Cu dual sites were prepared via the unique Kirkendall process, exhibiting superior electrocatalytic GOR activity and selectivity towards formate with a maximum Faraday efficiency of 91.6 %. In situ spectroscopic characterization and theoretical calculations reveal that Pd atoms located in partial Cu substituent sites could facilitate the generation of active *OH and enhance the adsorption of glycerol molecule on adjacent Cu sites, while Pd atoms located in Cu 3 N unit center could effectively reduce the energy barrier of C−C bond cleavage for the rate determining step. Our work provides new insights into the development of well-defined dual-site catalysts to boost glycerol electrooxidation to formate.

关键词： Electrocatalytic glycerol oxidation Formate Active hydroxyl species Dual sites Electrocatalyst

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Is the Observable Universe Consistent with the Cosmological Principle?

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Aluri, Pavan Kumar Cea, Paolo Chingangbam, Pravabati Chu, Ming-Chung Clowes, Roger G. Hutsemékers, Damien Kochappan, Joby P. Lopez, Alexia M. Liu, Lang Martens, Niels C.M. Martins, C.J.A.P. Migkas, Konstantinos Colgáin, Eoin Ó. Pranav, Pratyush Shamir, Lior Singal, Ashok K. Sheikh-Jabbari, M.M. Wagner, Jenny Wang, Shao-Jiang Wiltshire, David L. Yeung, Shek Yin, Lu Zhao, Wen Varanasi221005 India INFN - Sezione di Bari Via Amendola 173 Bari70126 Italy Indian Institute of Astrophysics Koramangala II Block Bangalore560 034 India School of Physics Korea Institute for Advanced Study 85 Hoegiro Dongdaemun-gu Seoul02455 Korea Republic of Department of Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong Jeremiah Horrocks Institute University of Central Lancashire PrestonPR1 2HE United Kingdom University of Liège Liège4000 Belgium Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics Pohang37673 Korea Republic of Department of Physics Kunsan National University Kunsan54150 Korea Republic of Lichtenberg Group for History and Philosophy of Physics University of Bonn Germany Institute for Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology RWTH Aachen University Germany Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto Rua das Estrelas Porto4150-762 Portugal Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço CAUP Rua das Estrelas Porto4150-762 Portugal Argelander-Institut für Astronomie Universität Bonn Auf dem Hügel 71 Bonn53121 Germany Atlantic Technological University Ash Lane Sligo Ireland CQUeST Department of Physics Sogang University Seoul121-742 Korea Republic of Univ Lyon ENS de Lyon Univ Lyon1 CNRS Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon UMR5574 LyonF-69007 France Kansas State University ManhattanKS66506 United States Astronomy and Astrophysics Division Physical Research Laboratory Navrangpura Ahmedabad380 009 India P.O.Box 19395-5531 Tehran Iran The Abdus Salam ICTP Strada Costiera 11 TriesteI-34014 Italy Bahamas Advanced Study Institute and Conferences 4A Ocean Heights Hill View Circle Long Island Stella Maris Bahamas CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Physical & Chemical Sciences University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch8140 New Zealand CAS Key Laborat

The Cosmological Principle (CP) - the notion that the Universe is spatially isotropic and homogeneous on large scales - underlies a century of progress in cosmology. It is conventionally formulated through the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmologies as the spacetime metric, and culminates in the successful and highly predictive Λ-Cold-Dark-Matter (ΛCDM) model. Yet, tensions have emerged within the ΛCDM model, most notably a statistically significant discrepancy in the value of the Hubble constant, H0. Since the notion of cosmic expansion determined by a single parameter is intimately tied to the CP, implications of the H0 tension may extend beyond ΛCDM to the CP itself. This review surveys current observational hints for deviations from the expectations of the CP, highlighting synergies and disagreements that warrant further study. Setting aside the debate about individual large structures, potential deviations from the CP include variations of cosmological parameters on the sky, discrepancies in the cosmic dipoles, and mysterious alignments in quasar polarizations and galaxy spins. While it is possible that a host of observational systematics are impacting results, it is equally plausible that precision cosmology may have outgrown the FLRW paradigm, an extremely pragmatic but non-fundamental symmetry assumption. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Cosmology

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Dirac fermions in antiferromagnetic FeSn kagome lattices with combined space inversion and time-reversal symmetry

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physical Review B 2020年第15期102卷 155103-155103页

作者： Zhiyong Lin Chongze Wang Pengdong Wang Seho Yi Lin Li Qiang Zhang Yifan Wang Zhongyi Wang Hao Huang Yan Sun Yaobo Huang Dawei Shen Donglai Feng Zhe Sun Jun-Hyung Cho Changgan Zeng Zhenyu Zhang International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China Department of Physics Research Institute for Natural Science and HYU-HPSTAR-CIS High Pressure Research Center Hanyang University 222 Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-Ku Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230029 China Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solid Dresden D-01187 Germany Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201204 China State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics and Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200050 China State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Department of Physics and Advanced Materials Laboratory Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China

Symmetry principles play a critical role in formulating the fundamental laws of nature, with a large number of symmetry-protected topological states identified in recent studies of quantum materials. As compelling examples, massless Dirac fermions are jointly protected by the space inversion symmetry P and time-reversal symmetry T supplemented by additional crystalline symmetry, while evolving into Weyl fermions when either P or T is broken. Here, based on first-principles calculations, we reveal that massless Dirac fermions are present in a layered FeSn crystal containing antiferromagnetically coupled ferromagnetic Fe kagome layers, where each of the P and T symmetries is individually broken but the combined PT symmetry is preserved. These stable Dirac fermions, protected by the combined PT symmetry with additional nonsymmorphic S2z symmetry, can be transformed to either massless/massive Weyl or massive Dirac fermions by breaking the PT or S2z symmetry. Our angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy experiments indeed observed the Dirac states in the bulk and two-dimensional Weyl-like states at the surface. The present paper substantially enriches our fundamental understanding of the intricate connections between symmetries and topologies of matter, especially with the spin degree of freedom playing a vital role.

关键词： Antiferromagnetism Electronic structure Topological materials Kagome lattice PT-symmetry Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy First-principles calculations Magnetization measurements Wannier function methods

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Theory of Chirality Induced Spin Selectivity: Progress and Challenges

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Evers, Ferdinand Aharony, Amnon Bar-Gill, Nir Entin-Wohlman, Ora Hedegård, Per Hod, Oded Jelinek, Pavel Kamieniarz, Grzegorz Lemeshko, Mikhail Michaeli, Karen Mujica, Vladimiro Naaman, Ron Paltiel, Yossi Refaely-Abramson, Sivan Tal, Oren Thijssen, Jos Thoss, Michael van Ruitenbeek, Jan M. Venkataraman, Latha Waldeck, David H. Yan, Binghai Kronik, Leeor Institute of Theoretical Physics University of Regensburg Regensburg93040 Germany School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv6997801 Israel Department of Applied Physics Racah Institute of Physics Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem9190401 Israel Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv6997801 Israel Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen CopenhagenDK-2100 Denmark Department of Physical Chemistry School of Chemistry Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv6997801 Israel Nanosurf Lab Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 6CZ 162 00 Czech Republic Department of Physics Adam Mickiewicz University Pozná n61-614 Poland Am Campus 1 Klosterneuburg3400 Austria Department of Condensed Matter Physics Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovoth7610001 Israel School of Molecular Sciences Arizona State University TempeAZ85287-1604 United States Department of Chemical and Biological Physics Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovoth76100 Israel Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovoth76100 Israel Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft Delft University of Technology Lorentzweg 1 Delft2628 CJ Netherlands Institute of Physics University of Freiburg Hermann-Herder-Str. 3 Freiburg79104 Germany Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory Leiden University Niels Bohrweg 2 LeidenCA2333 Netherlands Department of Applied Physics Department of Chemistry Columbia University New YorkNY10027 United States Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States

We provide a critical overview of the theory of the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, i.e., phenomena in which the chirality of molecular species imparts significant spin selectivity to various electron processes. Based on discussions in a recently held workshop, and further work published since, we review the status of CISS effects - in electron transmission, electron transport, and chemical reactions. For each, we provide a detailed discussion of the state-of-the-art in theoretical understanding and identify remaining challenges and research opportunities. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Chirality

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Tunable plasmonic ultrastrong coupling: Emulating dicke physics at room temperature

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Yahiaoui, Riad Chase, Zizwe A. Kyaw, Chan Tay, Fuyang Baydin, Andrey Noe, G. Timothy Song, Junyeob Kono, Junichiro Agrawal, Amit Bamba, Motoaki Searles, Thomas A. Department of Physics and Astronomy Howard University WashingtonDC20059 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX70005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Physical Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Maryland NanoCenter University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research Kyoto University Kyoto606-8502 Japan Department of Physics I Kyoto University Kyoto606-8502 Japan Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

A system of N two-level atoms cooperatively interacting with a photonic field can be described as a single giant atom coupled to the field with interaction strength ∝ √N. This enhancement, known as Dicke cooperativity in quantum optics, has recently become an indispensable element in quantum information technology based on strong light-matter coupling. Here, we extend the coupling beyond the standard light-matter interaction paradigm, emulating Dicke cooperativity in a terahertz metasurface with N meta-atoms. Cooperative enhancement manifested in the form of matter-matter coupling, through the hybridization of localized surface plasmon resonance in individual meta-atoms and surface lattice resonance due to the periodic array of the meta-atoms. By varying the lattice constant of the array, we observe a clear anticrossing behavior, a signature of strong coupling. Furthermore, through engineering of the capacitive split-gap in the meta-atoms, the coupling rate was cooperatively enhanced into the ultrastrong coupling regime by a factor of √N. This room-temperature technology serves as a convenient quantum emulator of the dynamics of a qubit with a giant dipole moment coherently driven by a single bosonic field. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Atoms

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Extreme potential photocatalysis enabled by spin-exchange Auger processes in magnetic-doped quantum dots

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Nature Communications 2025年第1期16卷 1-11页

作者： Cao, Qinxuan Feng, Jianning Fan, Kezhou Zhang, Shuting Zhang, Jinzhong Ma, Baixu Xue, Jie Li, Xin Wang, Kang Tao, Lizhi Sergeev, Aleksandr Yang, Ye Wong, Kam Sing Huang, Yong Lu, Haipeng Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM) Xiamen 361005 China Energy Institute The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong

Visible-light-absorbing semiconductor nanocrystals have shown great promise as photocatalysts for promoting photoredox chemistry. However, their utilization in organic synthesis remains considerably limited compared to small molecule photosensitizers. Recently, the generation of hot electrons from quantum-confined systems has emerged as a powerful means of photoreduction, yet the efficiencies remain limited under mild conditions. In this study, we present an efficient hot-electron generation system facilitated by the spin-exchange Auger process in Mn2+-doped CdS/ZnS quantum dots. These hot electrons can be effectively utilized in a wide range of organic reactions, such as the Birch reduction and reductive cleavage of C-Cl, C-Br, C-I, C-O, C-C, and N-S bonds. Notably, these reactions accommodate substrate reduction potentials as low as −3.4 V versus the saturated calomel electrode. Through two-photon excitation, we achieve the generation of a “super” photoreductant using visible-light irradiation power that is only 1% of that previously reported for molecular and quantum dot systems. By modulating the intensity of light output, the spin-exchange Auger process enables the on/off generation of hot electrons, allowing for programmable assembly-point cross-coupling cascades. Our findings demonstrate the potential of quantum-confined semiconductors in facilitating challenging organic transformations that were unattainable with molecular photocatalysts. © The Author(s) 2025.

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