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American control Conference (ACC)

作者： James F. Bartee Christos Georgakis Chemical Process Modeling and Control Research Center and Department of Chemical-Engineering Lehigh University Bethlehem Pennsylvania Chemical Process Modeling and Control Research Center and Department of Chemical-Engineering Lehigh University Bethlehem PA USA

The research presented in this paper combines the problem of identifiction and control of nonlinear processes. This is done by approximating the process with a bilinear model and designing model-based control structures (Reference System controllers) based on the bilinear approximation. The identification of the bilinear model and the construction of the controller are described below. An example of the identification and control of an exothermic CSTR is also presented.

关键词： control systems Nonlinear systems control system synthesis Nonlinear control systems Linear systems process control chemical processes Continuous-stirred tank reactor control theory Algorithm design and analysis

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Issues in the Optimization, Estimation and control of Fed-batch Bioreactors Using Tendency Models

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1992年第2期25卷 71-76页

作者： P. Tsobanakis S.H. Lee J.A. Phillips C. Georgakis Bioprocessing Institute Chemical Process Modeling and Control Research Center and Department of Chemical Engineering Lehigh University Bethlehem PA 18015 USA

The tendency modeling approach for optimization, estimation, and control is applied to bioreactors. This approach uses a “tendency” or “grey” model based on the available fundamental knowledge of the process and emphasizes the incorporation of new process data. The technique is demonstrated on simulation studies and preliminary experimental results of the penicillin fermentation. The tendency model is based on reactor mass balances such as those proposed by Bajpai and Reuß (1980) while the number of overall reactions and their stoichiometry are derived by abstract factor analysis of experimental data. Actual process and equipment constraints, such as the power mounted to the fermentor, the oxygen transfer capacity, and the rheological characteristics of the broth, are added. The model can be updated periodically utilizing data collected both on-line and off-line. The updated model can be used off-line to develop optimal feeding policies. On-line, a Kalman filter can utilize the tendency model to estimate poorly, infrequently, or unmeasured states.

关键词： modeling tendency modeling factor analysis optimization estimation fermentation processes

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On-line Estimation of Reaction Rates in Batch Reactors

On-line Estimation of Reaction Rates in Batch Reactors

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American control Conference (ACC)

作者： Guillermo Elicabe Christos Georgakis Chemical Process Modeling and Control Research Center Department of Chemical Engineering Lehigh University Bethlehem PA USA

Very often one needs to know the current values of reaction rates in chemical reactors in order to control them effectively or in order to avoid unsafe operating conditions. ln this work state estimation techniques are used to estimate on-line reaction rates in well mixed isothermal batch reactors. The proposed scheme assumes the availability of on-line measurements of overall concentrations of the reactants, and the lack of knowledge on the reaction rate dependence with those concentrations. The state estimator used in this application is a Kalman filter based estimator. Relationships between the continuous and the discrete versions of the filter as well as a Laplace domain analysis were considered. The estimation scheme is applied to two examples of semi-continuous emulsion co-polymerization.

关键词： Inductors Equations chemical reactors Tellurium State estimation Content addressable storage Isothermal processes Kalman filters Phase estimation Steady-state

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Simulation environment for an autonomous and decentralized multi-agent robotic system

Simulation environment for an autonomous and decentralized m...

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1992 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IROS 1992

作者： Habib, Maki K. Asama, Hajime Ishida, Yoshiki Matsumoto, Akihiro Endo, Isao Control and System Eng. Dept. University of Technology Baghdad Iraq Institute of Physical and Chemical Research Chemical Engineering Lab. Hirosawa 2-1 Wako-shi Saitama351-01 Japan Information Network System Operation Center University of Tokyo Japan Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Toyo University Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0780307372

An autonomous and decentralized system called ACTRESS (ACTor based Robot and Equipment Synthetic System) is being under development as an intelligent robot system which can execute high level tasks. ACTRESS is composed of multiple robotic agents. Each robotic agent is called "robotor". A robotor may be a robot, a computing system and any other equipments. While researching in this field, many research issues need to have solutions, such issues may include, the communication among the agents and protocols, cooperation among a group of' agents, describing the tasks to be executed, multi-agent motion planning, multi-agent task planning, task description, human interface role, solv ing deadlocks ... etc. The aim or this paper Ls to develop a simulation environment for an autonomous and decentralized multi-agent robotic system. For this purpose, it is necessary to simulate and analyze the main functions of each agent, design and analysis of the actions to be carried out by each agent, analyzing their real time behavior with a variety of situations considering their environment and the treatment of unexpected events. Also, it is necessary to find out an efficient strategy to realize effective means for the agents to form a cooperating manner that support task execution and problem solving. In parallel with the mentioned purposes the ACTRESS structure is simulated as functions and behavior using the developed simulation environment. This simulation includes a roup of mobile robots, human interface and global environment manager. Then, software integration that deal with various aspect of the overall problem is developed. Different experiments are performed to analyze the performance or each individual robotor and the overall system. © 1992 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Intelligent robots

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Abstracts of papers presented at the 12th Conference of the Weed Science Society of Israel

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Phytoparasitica 1992年第4期20卷 325-366页

作者： J. Gressel J. Friedman S. Chyen D. Stern O. Barazani Paulina Keller Y. Kleifeld Miriam Zilberstein A. Dinoor Nava Eshed S. Golan Ora Edut A. Lisaii H. Buxbaum R. Gadish M. Horowitz L. Afgin G. Herzlinger A. Grinstein H. Aviram J. Secor Rina Varsano A. Tal B. Rubin Ariela Leist J. Caseley M. Negbi R. Scalla T. Yaacoby J. C. Hall G. R. Stephenson Tamas Komives J. Gressfx M. Sibony Y. Benyamini S. R. Moss J. C. Caseley D. Chamovitz Iris Pecker G. Sandmann J. Hirschberg A. Perl R. Perl-Treves S. Galili Dvora Aviv E. Shalgi S. Malkin E. Galun M. Schonfeld M. A. K. Jansen A. Trebst M. Edelman Hadar Kless N. Ohad Y. Evron M. Yogev D. M. Joel D. Losner-Goshen A. M. Mayer G. Ben-Mod A. Bargutti R. Jacobsohn E. Eldar Adiva Shomer-Ilan Y. Goldwasser E. Levitin O. Arav Dana Kahana Rinatrusso D. Palevitz A. Levy Orly Michael D. Baum A. Nir A. Raz Z. Ben-Arie D. Carmon R. Epstein J. Baum Y. Oren S. Glidal S. Graph U. Luchinsky A. Hadar S. Kethain S. Glidai M. Gootman Y. Noy H. Apelblat H. Bucsbaum Y. Weiss M. J. Pinthus B. Retig W. Lerer N. Barnea R. Gelman A. Daube U. Rosenberg S. Ovadia Depl. of Plant Genetics Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel Dept. of Botany The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences Tel-Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel Dept. of Weed Science ARO Newe Ya’ar Regional Experiment Station Haifa Dept. of Subtropical Horticulture ARO The Volcani Center Bet Dagan Dept. of Plant Pathology and Microbiology Faculty of Agriculture The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot Israel Extension Service Ministry of Agriculture Zefat Israel Dept. of Ornamental Horticulture ARO The Volcani Center Bet Dagan Israel Dept. of Weed Science ARO Newe Ya’ar Regional Experiment Station Haifa Israel Institute of Agricultural Engineering ARO Bet Dagan Israel Israel Bio-Organic Agriculture Association Vegetable Growers Organization Tel Aviv Israel DowElanco Midland USA Dept. of Field and Vegetable Crops Faculty of Agriculture The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot Israel AFRC IARC Long Ashton Research Station University of Bristol Long Ashton Dept. of Agricultural Botany Faculty of Agriculture The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot Israel INRA Laboratoire des Herbicides Dijon Cedex France Dept. of Plant Protection and Inspection Ministry of Agriculture Bel Dagan Israel Dept. of Environmental Biology Univ. of Guelph Ontario Canada Plant Protection Institute Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest Hungary Dept. of Plant Genetics Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel AFRC IACR Long Ashton Research Station University of Bristol Long Ashton Depl. of Genetics The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel Lehrstuhl für Physiologie und Biochemie der Pflanzen Universität Konstanz Konstanz Germany Dept. of Biochemistry Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel Dept. of Biology Ruhr-Universität Bochum Germany Dept. of Genetics The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel Dept. of Botany The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel Dept. of Vegetable Crops ARO The Volcani Center Bel Daga

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A RATIONAL APPROACH TO control VALVE SIZING

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INDUSTRIAL & engineering CHEMISTRY RESEARCH 1990年第4期29卷 700-703页

作者： LUYBEN, WL Process Modeling and Control Center Department of Chemical Engineering Lehigh University Pennsylvania 18015 111 Research Drive Bethlehem United States

The sizing of control valves usually involves a trade-off between pump head and control valve size: the bigger the valve, the smaller the pressure drop across the valve and the lower the pump head. Thus, large valves are desirable from a steady-state energy-consumption viewpoint. However, dynamic rangeability is improved by designing the system for small, high pressure drop control valves. control valves are often sized on the basis of heuristics, the most common one being to make the pressure drop over the control valve at design conditions one-third of the total system pressure drop. In some applications, this rule-of-thumb works well, but in others it is totally inadequate. A more rational procedure is presented in this paper. The idea is to specify the maximum and minimum flow rates required. Then the sizes of both the pump and the control valve can be directly calculated. © 1990, American chemical Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Flow of Fluids

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The Impact of process Diversity on Distillation Column control

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1989年第8期22卷 1-7页

作者： W.L. Luyben Process Modeling and Control Center Department of Chemical Engineering Lehigh University 111 Research Drive Bethlehem PA 18015 USA

The engineering science of distillation column design and control is considered by many academic visionaries to be a mature field that is not worthy of continued research. However, the economic importance of distillation in the chemical and petroleum industries continues to be very significant. This is true in both old and new plants and processes. The replacement of "inefficient" distillation by newer separation methods that has been predicted for over a decade has not occurred. The hard-nosed economics continue to show well-designed distillation systems can out-perform any of the alternatives in a very large number of processes. Many universities around the world with more practical engineering research interests continue to have active research programs in distillation. This is particularly true in the area of the dynamics and control of distillation systems. The increasing diversity and complexity of distillation systems present significant design and control challenges for future engineers. This paper attempts to point out how the extensive diversity that is encountered in distillation applications has a significant impact on the design of control systems for distillation.

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control of a Heat-Integrated Complex Distillation Configuration

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1989年第8期22卷 69-76页

作者： S.S. Ding W.L. Luyben Eastman Kodak Company 2400 Mt. Read Boulevard Rochester New York 14652 USA Process Modeling and Control Center Department of Chemical Engineering Lehigh University 111 Research Drive Bethlehem PA 18015 USA

Several steadystate design studies of distillation systems that combine complex configurations (prefractionators and sidestream columns) and heat integration have appeared in the literature and have shown the potential for large reductions (50%) in energy consumption compared to conventional designs. However, the dynamics and control aspects of these highly interactive and multivariable systems have been virtually unexplored. This paper presents the results of computer simulation studies of the dynamic controllability of a complex heat-integrated distillation system for the ternary mixture of benzene, toluene and m-xylene. Both low and high-purity separations were explored. For the low-purity (95% product purities) separation, the complex heat-integrated system was found to be controllable and gave dynamic responses that were comparable to the simple conventional system. A diagonal multi-loop SISO controller structure was successful in controlling this 3x3 multivariable process. controlled variables were the three product purities. Manipulated variables were the flow rates of reflux, sidestream and reboiler steam. For the high-purity (99.9%) separation, the complex heat-integrated system was found to be controllable but could only handle small (<10%) feed composition disturbances and was dynamically worse than the conventional system. The control structure used in the low-purity separation did not work in the high-purity separation because of severe nonlinearity. To decrease the nonlinearity, a control structure was developed that maintained the two impurities in the toluene sidestream product instead of the toluene purity. The additional manipulated variable needed in this modified process (now a 4x4 multivariable process) was achieved by changing the sidestream drawoff-tray location.

关键词： Heat integration distillation control multivariable processes

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THE CONCEPT OF EIGENSTRUCTURE IN process-control

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INDUSTRIAL & engineering CHEMISTRY RESEARCH 1988年第1期27卷 206-208页

作者： LUYBEN, WL Process Modeling and Control Center Department of Chemical Engineering Lehigh University Bethlehem Pennsylvania 18015 United States

Much of the work in multivariable process control has been directed at finding control structures that minimize interaction among loops and decouple the system. This paper claims that this approach is flawed. What is really important in the vast majority of chemical and petroleum processes is a structure that does the best job in rejecting load disturbances. This inherent or intrinsic“eigenstructure” (choice of controlled and manipulated variables and their pairing) is that configuration which yields a system that is naturally self-regulating for load disturbancesand self-optimizing. Eigenstructure is a unifying concept that links several previously published approaches to the process control problem. © 1988, American chemical Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： process control

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MULTICOMPONENT BATCH DISTILLATION .1. TERNARY-SYSTEMS WITH SLOP RECYCLE

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INDUSTRIAL & engineering CHEMISTRY RESEARCH 1988年第4期27卷 642-647页

作者： LUYBEN, WL Process Modeling and Control Center Department of Chemical Engineering Mountaintop Campus Lehigh University Bethlehem Pennsylvania 18015 111 Research Drive United States

The capacity factor methodology developed by Luyben for binary batch distillation is extended to the separation of ternary mixtures. The processing strategy of recycling the two slop cuts back into the next batch is used. The effects of both design and operating parameters are explored by using digital simulation: number of trays, reflux ratio (both fixed and variable), initial still charge, relative volatility, and product purity. The capacity factor can be used to determine the optimum number of stages and the optimum reflux ratio. Results show little difference in capacity between an optimum fixed reflux policy and a variable reflux policy. Capacity increases with increasing number of trays and increasing relative volatility. © 1988, American chemical Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： DISTILLATION

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