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Production of biohydrogen from hydrolyzed bagasse with thermally preheated sludge

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2009年第18期34卷 7612-7617页

作者： Chairattanamanokorn, Prapaipid Penthamkeerati, Patthra Reungsang, Alissara Lo, Yung-Chung Lu, Wei-Bin Chang, Jo-Shu Environmental Technology Unit Department of Environmental Science Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand Research Group for Development of Microbial Hydrogen Production Process from Biomass Thailand Department of Biotechnology Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Bangkok Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Department of Cosmetic Science Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology Tainan Taiwan Sustainable Environment Research Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

Production of biohydrogen from dark fermentation is an interesting alternative to producing renewable fuels because of its low cost and various usable substrates. Cellulosic content in plentiful bagasse residue is an economically feasible feedstock for biohydrogen production. A statistical experimental design was applied to identify the optimal condition for biohydrogen production from enzymatically hydrolyzed bagasse with 60-min preheated seed sludge. The bagasse substrate was first heated at 100 °C for 2 h and was then hydrolyzed with cellulase. Culture of the pretreated bagasse at 55 °C provided a higher H2 production performance than that obtained from cultures at 45 °C, 65 °C, 35 °C and 25 °C. On the other hand, the culture at pH 5 resulted in higher H2 production than the cultures at pH 6, pH 4 and pH 7. The optimal culture condition for the hydrogen production rate was around 56.5 °C and pH 5.2, which was identified using response surface methodology. Moreover, the pretreatment of bagasse under alkaline conditions gave a thirteen-fold increase in H2 production yield when compared with that from preheatment under neutral condition. © 2009 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu.

关键词： Lignocellulose

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Design and development of an Embedded control System of a DC/DC power converter for a fuel cell

Design and development of an Embedded Control System of a DC...

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Mediterranean Conference on control and Automation (MED)

作者： Konstantinos Kontonikolas Chrisovalantou Ziogou Fotis Stergiopoulos Simira Papadopoulou Spyridon Voutetakis Chemical Process Engineering Research Institute Center for Research and Technology Hellas Thessaloniki Greece Department of Automation Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece

The non-linear behavior of the voltage-current (V-I) fuel cells' output curve is one of the major issues the scientific community deals with, in order to improve fuel cell technology and expand its use to both domestic and industrial applications. Many power conditioning topologies of a fuel cell's output electrical energy have been presented in the past years, but the DC/DC interleaved boost converter (IBC) topology seems to be one of the most attractive solutions. Therefore, IBC control schemes become a key factor in fuel cell energy systems and the use of embedded systems is highly indicated for efficient and reliable real-time control. The traditional methods of programming microcontrollers via ldquoCrdquo or Assembly language, may take a respectable amount of time to develop, significantly slowing down the procedures for system development and validation. This paper presents a new model-based rapid prototyping method for programming embedded systems using Matlab/Simulinkreg models. The embedded control system (ECS) is designed to control the input current of an IBC connected to a fuel cell, by suitably varying the switching signals which drive the power switches on the IBC.

关键词： control systems Fuel cells Topology Embedded system Mathematical model Power system modeling Voltage Electrical equipment industry Power conditioning Real time systems

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Performance assessment of run-to-run control in semiconductor manufacturing based on IMC framework

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International Journal of Production research 2009年第15期47卷 4173-4199页

作者： Chen, Liang Ma, Mingda Jang, Shi-Shang Wang, David Shan-Hill Wang, Shuqing State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Institute of Advanced Process Control Hangzhou China Center for Control and Guidance Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Department of Chemical Engineering National Tsing-Hua University Hsin-Chu Taiwan

The objective of this paper is to propose a universal methodology for performance assessment of run-to-run control in semiconductor manufacturing. The slope of the linear semiconductor process model is assumed to be known or subjected to mild plant/model mismatch. Based on an internal model control framework, analytical expressions of minimum variance performance (MVP) and best achievable performance (BAP) for a series of run-to-run control schemes are derived. In the methodology, closed-loop identification is utilised as the first step to estimate the noise dynamics via routine operating data, and numerical optimisation is employed as a second step to calculate the best achievable performance bounds of the run-to-run control loops. The validity of the methodology is justified by examples of performance assessment for EWMA control, double EWMA control and RLS-LT control, even under circumstances where the processes encounter model mismatch, metrology delay and more sophisticated noises. Several essential characteristics of run-to-run control are discovered by performance assessment, and valuable advice is offered to process engineers for improving the run-to-run control performance. Furthermore, a useful application example for online performance monitoring and optimal tuning of run-to-run controller demonstrates the advantage of the methodology.

关键词： Optimization

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Measurement and correlation of supercritical CO_(2) and ionic liquid systems for design of advanced unit operations

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Frontiers of chemical Science and engineering 2009年第1期3卷 12-19页

作者： Hiroshi MACHIDA Ryosuke TAGUCHI Yoshiyuki SATO Louw J.FLORUSSE Cor J.PETERS Richard L.SMITH Department of Chemical Engineering Research Center of Supercritical Fluid TechnologyTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku UniversitySendaiJapan Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria Faculty of Applied SciencesDelft University of TechnologyJulianalaan 1362628 BL DelftThe Netherlands Laboratory of Process Equipment Department of Process and EnergyFaculty of MechanicalMaritime and Materials EngineeringDelft University of TechnologyLeeghwaterstraat 442628 CA DelftThe Netherlands Petroleum Institute Chemical Engineering ProgramBu Hasa BuildingRoom 2203P.O.Box 2533Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

Ionic liquids combined with supercriticalﬂuid technology hold great promise as working solvents for developing compact *** liquids,which are organic molten salts,typically have extremely low volatility and high functionality,but possess high viscos-ities,surface tensions and low diffusion coefﬁcients,which can limit their ***_(2),on the other hand,especially in its supercritical state,is a green solvent that can be used advantageously when combined with the ionic liquid to provide viscosity and surface tension reduction and to promote mass *** solubility of CO_(2) in the ionic liquid is key to estimating the important physical properties that include partition coefﬁcients,viscosities,densities,interfacial tensions,thermal conductivities and heat capacities needed in contactor *** this work,we examine a subset of available high pressure pure component ionic liquid PVT data and high pressure CO_(2)-ionic liquid solubility data and report new correlations for CO_(2)-ionic liquid systems with equations of state that have some industrial applications including:(1)general,(2)fuel desulfurization,(3)CO_(2) capture,and(4)chiral *** measurements of solubility data for the CO_(2) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium octyl sulfate,[bmim][OcSO4]system are reported and *** the correlation of the CO_(2) ionic liquid phase behavior,the Peng-Robinson and the Sanchez-Lacombe equations of state were considered and are *** is shown that excellent correlation of CO_(2) solubility can be obtained with either equation and they share some common characteristics regarding inter-action *** the Sanchez-Lacombe equation,parameters that are derived from the supercritical region were found to be important for obtaining good correlation of the CO_(2)-ionic liquid solubility data.

关键词： compact processes chiral ionic liquids separations thermodynamic properties equations of state

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A Study of a Gun-Turret Assembly in an Armored Tank using Model Predictive control

A Study of a Gun-Turret Assembly in an Armored Tank using Mo...

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2009 American control Conference (ACC 2009)

作者： Gautam Kumar Pradeep Y. Tiwari Vincent Marcopoli Mayuresh V. Kothare Chemical Process Modeling and Control Center Department of Chemical Engineering Lehigh University Bethlehem PA 18015 U.S.A. Process Dynamics and Optimization group Bayer Technology Services Americas 8500 W Bay Rd Baytown TX 77523 U.S.A. General Dynamics Land Systems Sterling Hts. MI 48310 U.S.A.

ISBN: (纸本)9781424445233

Operation of the gun/turret system in a military tank is limited by several constraints some of which are posed by obstacles existing on the vehicle's own platform. These mechanical constraints acting as hard constraints can cause serious damage to the whole assembly if violated. A control strategy developed for such a system must avoid possible collision of the gun/turret system with these obstacles. We propose to use a MPC based control strategy, due to its inherent ability to handle constraints, for the deck clearance problem and evaluate its performance under operating conditions for a linear model of the tank. Matlab~R based MPCtoolbox is used to set up the MPC calculations for the gun/turret system. Simulations are performed to investigate and compare the performance of the controller under various deck constraint limits. It is shown that MPC is effective in addressing both the stabilization and deck clearance objectives.

关键词： Maximum Allowable Concentration control strategy Tanks belted distributed model predictive control nonlinear model predictive control Constraint Model predictive control Predictive control linear models Addressing assemblies Operating conditions vehicle controllers

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Cellulose composites prepared using ionic liquids (ILs) - Blood compatibility to batteries

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作者： Park, Tae-Joon Murugesan, Saravanababu Linhardt, Robert J. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 110 8th Street Troy NY 12180-3590 United States Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 110 8th Street Troy NY 12180-3590 United States Department of Biology Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 110 8th Street Troy NY 12180-3590 United States Development Engineering Process Research and Development Bristol-Myers Squibb New Brunswick NJ 08903 United States

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Effect of poly（ethylene oxide） and solvent on the morphology of electrospun films based on poly（3-hexylthiophene）/phenyl-C60-butyric acid methyl ester blend

Effect of poly（ethylene oxide） and solvent on the morpholo...

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13th Asian chemical Congress

作者： CHOI,Jangju OH,Jae Ho LEE,Soo-Hyoung LYU,Min-Young NAH,Changwoon Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology Chonbuk National University School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering Nanomaterials and Process Research CenterChonbuk National University Department of Die and Mould Engineering Seoul National University of Technology

＜正＞Organic solar cells are one of hot issues of research because of many strong points against inorganic solar cells,although they have low efficiency of *** has been known that the active polymer morphology and degree of crystallinity greatly influences the efficiency. In this study,we prepared thin films based on poly（3-hexylthiophene）（P3HT）/phenyl-C60-butyric

关键词： electrospinning organic solar cells P3HT PCBM nanofibers

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Second International Conference on Accelerating Biopharmaceutical Development March 9-12, 2009, Coronado, CA, USA

Second International Conference on Accelerating Biopharmaceu...

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作者： Reichert, Janice M. Jacob, Nitya M. Amanullah, Ashraf Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development 75 Kneeland Street Boston MA 02111 United States Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue S.E. Minneapolis MN 55455 United States Genentech Inc. Process Research and Development 1 Antibody Way Oceanside CA 92056 United States

The Second International Conference on Accelerating Biopharmaceutical Development was held in Coronado, California. The meeting was organized by the Society for Biological engineering (SBE) and the American Institute of chemical Engineers (AIChE);SBE is a technological community of the AIChE. Bob Adamson (Wyeth) and Chuck Goochee (Centocor) were co-chairs of the event, which had the theme "Delivering cost-effective, robust processes and methods quickly and efficiently." The first day focused on emerging disruptive technologies and cutting-edge analytical techniques. Day two featured presentations on accelerated cell culture process development, critical quality attributes, specifications and comparability, and high throughput protein formulation development. The final day was dedicated to discussion of technology options and new analysis methods provided by emerging disruptive technologies;functional interaction, integration and synergy in platform development;and rapid and economic purification process development. © This meeting report was written for and published by Landes Bioscience in the journal, mAbs. Reichert JM, Jacob N, Amanullah A. Second International Conference on Accelerating Biopharmaceutical Development: March 9-12, 2009, Coronado, CA USA. mAbs 2009 1(3);http://***/journals/mabs/article/8491.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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Comparison of rotary cement kiln identified models

Comparison of rotary cement kiln identified models

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International Conference on control and Automation (ICCA)

作者： G. Noshirvani A. Fatehi B. Araabi M. Shirvani M. Azizi ACER Markaz Branch Arak Iran Advanced Process Automation & Control Research group Electrical Engineering Department K.N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran Iran Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Tehran Tehran Iran Chemical Engineering Department and member of Cement Research Center University of Science and Technology Tehran Iran Saveh Cement Company Saveh Iran

Rotary cement kiln is the main part of a cement plant that clinker is produced in it. Clinker is the main ingredient of cement. Continual and prolonged operation of rotary cement kiln is vital in cement factories. However, prolonged operation of the kiln is not possible and periodic repairs of the refractory lining would become necessary, due to non-linear phenomena existing in the kiln, such as sudden falls of coatings in the burning zone and probability of damages to the refractory materials during production. This is the basic reason behind the needs for a comprehensive model which is severely necessary for better control of this process. Such a model can be derived based on the mathematic analysis with consultation of expert operator experiences. In this paper both linear and nonlinear model are identified for rotary kiln of Saveh white cement factory. The linear model is introduced using Box-Jenkins structure. The results of the obtained model were satisfactory compared to some other linear models and can be used for designing adaptive or robust controllers. Also, nonlinear system identification via Neural Network technique is performed and its result was compared to linear models.

关键词： Kilns Production facilities Coatings Building materials process control Mathematical model Mathematics Programmable control Adaptive control Robust control

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Analysis of Particle Size Segregation at Bell-less Top of Blast Furnace by Discrete Element Method

Analysis of Particle Size Segregation at Bell-less Top of Bl...

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第五届国际炼铁科技大会

作者： Mio Hiroshi Komatsuki Satoshi Hidaka Jusuke Kadowaki Masatomo Matsuzaki Shinroku Kunitomo Kazuya Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology Doshisha University Kyoto Fine Particle Technology Keihanna Interaction Plaza Inc. Environment and Process Technology Center Nippon Steel Corporation Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Doshisha University

The objective of this paper is to analyse the particle size segregation during charging at the bell-less type charging system of the blast furnace. The charging behavior of the sintered ore particle was simulated by using Discrete Element Method （DEM）. The sintered ore particles （number of particles: nore = 620231） were charged in the hopper, and the coke particles （ncoke = 112712） were stacked at the top of blast furnace. The particles in the chute were pressed up against the chute wall with moving toward the outlet because of the centrifugal force of the chute rotation. The strong particle segregation was seen at the outlet;the most of smallest particles were upper area. It was found that the particle motion during flowing the chute was twisted in the simulation. The specific charged mass at charging area increases with increasing the number of charges, and the distribution of charged mass becomes widened toward the center of blast furnace, because the particles slide downward along with the slope of heap. Thus, DEM can give the particle size segregation during charging process of bell-less top in detail, and this is very informative tool for the optimization of charging process

关键词： discrete element method blast furnace bell-less top segregation

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