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Journal of Protein Chemistry 1994年第5期13卷 515-543页

作者： Aminlari, Mahmoud Asquith, Thomas Sarlo, Katherine Bailey, Jerome M. Tu, Oanh Issai, Gilbert Ha, Alice Shively, John E. Bell, Alexander W. Baur, Nicole C. Bergeron, John J. M. Ou, Wei -Jia Thomas, David Y. Cianflone, Katherine Baldo, Allain Hincke, Maxwell T. Momparler, Richard L. Laliberté, Josée Thomson, David M. P. Sutherland, M. Besada, Vladimir Gonzalez, Javier Padron, Gabriel Garay, Hilda Reyes, Osvaldo Takao, Toshifumi Shimonishi, Yasutsugu Bischoff, Rainer Roecklin, Dominique Bouchon, Bernadette Klarskov, Klaus Van Dorsselaer, Alain Brake, Patricia G. Pacitti, Anne Higgins, Terry Stevis, Panos Malinowski, John McElhiney, Sue Huang, Janes Vestal, Christine Buckel, Scott D. Stevenson, Tracy Loo, Joseph A. Caffrey, Martin Wang, Jin Wallace, Carmichael J. A. Clark-Lewis, Ian Carraway, C. A. Carothers Huang, J. Li, Y. Juang, S. -H. Gallo, A. Mayer, B. J. Carraway, K. L. Coleman, Patrick L. Sarpong, Daniel Deerfield, David W. Holland-Minkley, Amanda Hempel, John D. Nicholas, Hugh B. Denslow, Nancy D. Folmar, Leroy C. Sullivan, Craig V. Dixon, James D. Mark, Jonathan P. Elicone, Christopher P. Maleknia, Simin D. McGuinness, Brian F. Regnier, Fred E. Afeyan, Noubar B. Dolence, Julia M. Poulter, C. Dale Egorov, Tsezi Musolyamov, Alexander Popineau, Yves Andersen, Jens Roepstorff, Peter Falkenstein, Roberto J. Biscoglio de Jiménez Bonino, Mirtha J. Peña, Clara Gauggel, D. L. Asquith, T. N. Isfort, R. J. Miller, N. S. Cody, D. B. Giblin, Michael F. Wong, Tuck C. Quinn, Thomas P. Grant, Gregory A. Crankshaw, Mark W. Griffith, Scott Schroeder, Steve Quinn, Thomas Guinet, F. Petillot, Y. Chapsal, J. M. Dubayle, J. Greco, F. Barge, O. Forest, E. Valentin, C. Hahn, Frederick M Baker, Jonathan A. Haniu, Mitsuru Kenney, William C. Rohde, Michael F. Harman, James G. Lee, Eun Ju Glasgow, Joel Lew, Sew Fen Belduz, Ali O. Harris, Reed J. Molony, Michael S. Keyt, Lene H. Wu, Shiaw -Lin Hawke, David H. Tso, Jaqueline Early, Sherrell Miller, Chad G. Hayman, G. Thomas Miernyk, Jan A. Hellman, Ulf Wernstedt, Christer Góñez, Jorge H Department of Biochemistry School of Veterinary Medicine Shiraz University Shiraz Iran Corporate Professional & Regulatory Services/Human Safety Dept. The Procter & Gamble Co. Cincinnati Division of Immunology Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope Duarte Protein Analytic Facility Sheldon Biotechnology Centre USA McGill University Montreal Department of Anatomy USA Biotechnology Research Institute NRC Canada Division of Cardiology Royal Victoria Hospital USA Department of Anatomy University of Ottawa Faculty of Health Science Ottawa Centre de Recherche Pediatrique Hôpital Ste-Justine Université de Montréal Montreal Department of Immunology Montreal General Hospital USA Center for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology Cuba Institute for Protein Research Osaka University Osaka Japan Protein Analytical Group TRANSGENE S.A. Strasbourg Cedex France Vakgroep Biochemie Fysiologie en Microbiologie Gent Belgium Laborat. de Spectrométrie de Masse Bioorganique URA 31 CNRS Université Louis Pasteur Strasbourg Cedex France Sterling winthrop Inc. Collegeville Lexin Pharmaceutical Corporation Horsham PerSeptive Biosystems Houston Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research Division of Warner Lambert Company Ann Arbor Dept. of Chemistry The Ohio State University Columbus USA Dept. of Biochemistry Dalhousie University Halifax Canada Biomedical Research Center University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada Dept. of Biochem. & Molec. Biol. Univ. of Miami Sch. of Medicine Miami The Rockefeller Institute New York Dept. of Cell Biol. & Anat. Univ. of Miami Sch. of Medicine Miami Biosciences Laboratory 3M Co. St. Paul Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center Pittsburgh Department of Molecular Genetics/Biochemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Dept. Biochem. and Mol. Biol. University of Florida Gainesville U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Gulf Breeze Dept. Zoology North Carolina State University Raleigh PerSeptive Biosystems Inc. Cambridge Department of Chemistry Univ

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PERCHL0R0ETHYLENE EXTRACTION DESULFURIZATION OF WEATHERED COALS

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Liquid Fuels Technology 1993年第3-4期11卷 507-527页

作者： Padmakar Vishnubhatt[a] Sunggyu Lee - To whom all correspondence should be directed.[b] Conrad J. Kulik[b] [a] Process Research Center Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH [b] Fuel Science Program Electric Power Research Institute Palo Alto CA

The perchloroethylene extraction process has proven to be an effective pre- combustion coal desulfurization process which offers a complete process package including wet grinding, organic sulfur removal, pyrite and mineral matter separation, solvent recovery, and byproducts and sulfur recovery. In this paper, coal weatherability was investigated for various Midwestern and Eastern U.S. coals, and its effect on organosulfur extractability by the perchloroethylene process was identified. Both “natural” and “artificial” weathering of these coals were experimentally investigated. A statistically significant difference in the extraction efficiency between fresh and weathered coals vas observed. A strong relation between the extractability and degree of weathering of the coal was established. The results provide a valuable insight into the process engineering of this process.

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Removal of Residual Chlorine in Coal BV Steam Stripping

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Fuel Science and Technology International 1993年第5-6期11卷 845-859页

作者： Vishnubhatt, Padmakar Wilkinson, Myles Adamec, Todd Lee, Sunggyu Process Research Center Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325-3906 United States

As a part of process engineering study of the perchloroethylene (PCE) coal desulfurization process, the minimization of residual chlorine content after the desulfurization process has been studied in detail. The residual chlorine in the coal is removed by a novel process, which involves the use of steam as the displacing agent. Steam, when passed through a bed of the PCE treated coal, washes away the residual solvent in coal. Two designs, viz. fluidized bed and packed bed steam strippers are discussed in detail. This paper presents the results of the design implementations and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each design. It was found that the chlorine content of the coal treated in the packed bed steam stripper was not only decreased to a level lower than before steam stripping, but to a level lower than that of the raw samples before the PCE extraction. © 1993, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.

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Closed-Loop System Identification of Restricted Complexity Models Using Iterative Refinement

Closed-Loop System Identification of Restricted Complexity M...

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American control Conference (ACC)

作者： Daniel E. Rivera Saurabh Bhatnagar Department of Chemical Bio and Materials Engineering and Control Systems Engineering Laboratory Computer-Integrated Manufacturing Systems Research Center Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA

A novel technique for identifying reduced-order models in the closed-loop is presented. The method arrives at a process model and its corresponding compensator in an iterative fashion by introducing a series of step chan at the manipulated variable. The bias introduced into the identification data set by the closed-loop system, coupled with a control-relevant prefilter, yields a model whose corresponding control system improves its performance at every step. The method is appealing to chemical engineering practitioners because it combines the tasks of system identification with controller commissioning to produce a simple-to-use yet reliable autotuning procedure.

关键词： System identification control systems Error correction control system synthesis chemical engineering Systems engineering and theory control design Frequency estimation Predictive models Open loop systems

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Cobeneficiation of Coals in Perchloroethyleke Extraction Desulfurization

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Fuel Science and Technology International 1993年第5-6期11卷 831-843页

作者： Lee, Sunggyu Vishnubhatt, Padmakar Berthinee, Elizabeth A. Process Research Center Department of Chemical Engineering Akron OH 44325-3906 United States Fuel Science Program Electric Power Research Institute Palo Alto CA 94303 United States

The perchloroethylene (PCE) coal refining process has been investigated for its process feasibility, operational reproducibility, organic sulfur selectivity, process efficiency, minimization of residual chlorine by steam stripping and process optimization. It was found that some coals result in a better organosulfur extraction than others. It was also confirmed that the PCE extraction process was a hybrid system of chemical reaction and physical solvation. It was further established that the coals giving a higher organosulfur extraction contain some naturally available ingredients, which promote the extraction process. Coals giving a much lower organosulfur extraction lack these species. This paper focuses on demonstration of the process feasibility of cobeneficiating both types of coals, together. In this novel process, both types of coal are blended together in fixed proportions and subjected to the PCE process. This process of cobeneficiating coals is industrially significant because of its cost effectiveness. It not only removes the organosulfur from one type of coal, but also significantly improves the organosulfur extraction from the other. © 1993, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.

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A Knowledge-Based Framework for controller Structure Selection In Intelligent process control

A Knowledge-Based Framework for Controller Structure Selecti...

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American control Conference (ACC)

作者： Daniel E. Rivera Abhijit Desai Terrence Beaumariage Chell Roberts Department of Chemical Bio and Materials Engineering Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85287-6006 Control Systems Engineering Laboratory CIM Systems Research Center Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA

Intelligent control principles are used to address the issue of combinatorial complexity in controller structure selection for plantwide control, i.e., the variable seection and pairing problem. A knowledge-based framework combining symbolic representation of heuristics and designer expertise, simple analytical "ranking" criteria, and more elaborate computational routines for selection and pairing is described in this paper. The use of an object-oriented structure leads to a system that is flexible, extensible, and multipurpose, which are features necessary if industrial engieering organizations are to adopt this tool on a routine basis.

关键词： Intelligent control Intelligent structures process control control systems Electrical equipment industry Design engineering chemical industry Knowledge engineering Industrial control Systems engineering and theory

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INFERENTIAL MODEL-BASED control OF MULTICOMPONENT BATCH DISTILLATION

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chemical engineering SCIENCE 1992年第4期47卷 887-898页

作者： QUINTEROMARMOL, E LUYBEN, WL Process Modeling and Control Center Department of Chemical Engineering Mountaintop Campus 111 Research Drive Lehigh University Bethlehem PA 18015 U.S.A.

Industrial interest in batch distillation has increased significantly in recent years as more batch processing is being used for low-volume high-value specialty chemicals. Most studies have concentrated on the determination of optimum operating strategies: optimum trajectories of reflux ratio and pressure during the batch and processing of the slop cuts that are produced. Little attention has been paid to the problems of control. If instantaneous and perfect analyzers were available, the control of batch distillation would be straightforward once the optimum policies are available. Switching from total-reflux operation to producing product and from this to slop-cut production could be performed when compositions in the reflux drum or in product tankage reached the desired values. However, in most industrial applications of batch distillation, perfect composition measurements are not available. This means that an inferential control system that relies on temperature and flow measurements must be used. Models of the batch distillation process can be used to provide estimates of the required compositions. This paper presents the results of a study of two types of model-based inferential control systems for multicomponent batch distillation. The results showed that both steady-state and dynamic estimators provide good estimation of the distillate compositions using only one temperature measurement.

关键词： Distillation columns

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Identification and control of Bilinear Systems

Identification and Control of Bilinear Systems

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American control Conference (ACC)

作者： James F. Bartee Christos Georgakis Chemical Process Modeling and Control Research Center and Department of Chemical-Engineering Lehigh University Bethlehem Pennsylvania Chemical Process Modeling and Control Research Center and Department of Chemical-Engineering Lehigh University Bethlehem PA USA

The research presented in this paper combines the problem of identifiction and control of nonlinear processes. This is done by approximating the process with a bilinear model and designing model-based control structures (Reference System controllers) based on the bilinear approximation. The identification of the bilinear model and the construction of the controller are described below. An example of the identification and control of an exothermic CSTR is also presented.

关键词： control systems Nonlinear systems control system synthesis Nonlinear control systems Linear systems process control chemical processes Continuous-stirred tank reactor control theory Algorithm design and analysis

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Issues in the Optimization, Estimation and control of Fed-batch Bioreactors Using Tendency Models

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1992年第2期25卷 71-76页

作者： P. Tsobanakis S.H. Lee J.A. Phillips C. Georgakis Bioprocessing Institute Chemical Process Modeling and Control Research Center and Department of Chemical Engineering Lehigh University Bethlehem PA 18015 USA

The tendency modeling approach for optimization, estimation, and control is applied to bioreactors. This approach uses a “tendency” or “grey” model based on the available fundamental knowledge of the process and emphasizes the incorporation of new process data. The technique is demonstrated on simulation studies and preliminary experimental results of the penicillin fermentation. The tendency model is based on reactor mass balances such as those proposed by Bajpai and Reuß (1980) while the number of overall reactions and their stoichiometry are derived by abstract factor analysis of experimental data. Actual process and equipment constraints, such as the power mounted to the fermentor, the oxygen transfer capacity, and the rheological characteristics of the broth, are added. The model can be updated periodically utilizing data collected both on-line and off-line. The updated model can be used off-line to develop optimal feeding policies. On-line, a Kalman filter can utilize the tendency model to estimate poorly, infrequently, or unmeasured states.

关键词： modeling tendency modeling factor analysis optimization estimation fermentation processes

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On-line Estimation of Reaction Rates in Batch Reactors

On-line Estimation of Reaction Rates in Batch Reactors

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American control Conference (ACC)

作者： Guillermo Elicabe Christos Georgakis Chemical Process Modeling and Control Research Center Department of Chemical Engineering Lehigh University Bethlehem PA USA

Very often one needs to know the current values of reaction rates in chemical reactors in order to control them effectively or in order to avoid unsafe operating conditions. ln this work state estimation techniques are used to estimate on-line reaction rates in well mixed isothermal batch reactors. The proposed scheme assumes the availability of on-line measurements of overall concentrations of the reactants, and the lack of knowledge on the reaction rate dependence with those concentrations. The state estimator used in this application is a Kalman filter based estimator. Relationships between the continuous and the discrete versions of the filter as well as a Laplace domain analysis were considered. The estimation scheme is applied to two examples of semi-continuous emulsion co-polymerization.

关键词： Inductors Equations chemical reactors Tellurium State estimation Content addressable storage Isothermal processes Kalman filters Phase estimation Steady-state

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