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2011 MRS Fall Meeting

作者： Weathers, Annie Moore, Arden L. Pettes, Michael T. Salta, Daniel Kim, Jaehyun Dick, Kimberly Samuelson, Lars Linke, Heiner Caroff, Philippe Shi, Li Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at Austin Austin TX United States Material Science and Engineering Graduate Program University of Texas at Austin Austin TX United States Center for Nano and Molecular Science University of Texas at Austin Austin TX United States Division of Solid State Physics Lund University S-22100 Lund Sweden Polymer and Materials Chemistry Lund University S-22100 Lund Sweden Institut d'Electronique de Microelectronique et de Nanotechnologie UMR CNRS 8520 F-59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq France

ISBN: (纸本)9781627482219

There have been reports of improvements in the thermoelectric figure of merit through the use of nanostructured materials to suppress the lattice thermal conductivity. Here, we report on a fundamental study of the combined effects of defect planes and surface scattering on phonon transport and thermoelectric properties of defect-engineered InAs nanowires. A microfabricated device is employed to measure the thermal conductivity and thermopower of individual suspended indium arsenide nanowires grown by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. The four-probe measurement device consists of platinum resistance thermometers and electrodes patterned on two adjacent SiNx membranes. A nanowire was suspended between the two membranes, and electrical contact between the nanowire and the platinum electrodes was made with the evaporation of a Ni/Pd film through a shadow mask. The exposed back side of the device substrate allows for characterization of the crystal structure of the suspended nanowire with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) following measurement. The 100-200 nm diameter zincblende (ZB) InAs nanowire samples were grown with randomly spaced twin defects, stacking faults, or phases boundaries perpendicular to the nanowire growth direction, as revealed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Compared to single-crystal ZB InAs nanowires with a similar lateral dimension, the thermal conductivity of the defect-engineered nanowires is reduced by fifty percent at room temperature. © 2012 materials Research Society.

关键词： Nanowires

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Tunable Photoluminescence from Graphene Oxide†

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Angewandte Chemie 2012年第27期124卷

作者： Chih‐Tao Chien Shao‐Sian Li Wei‐Jung Lai Yun‐Chieh Yeh Hsin‐An Chen I‐Shen Chen Li‐Chyong Chen Kuei‐Hsien Chen Takashi Nemoto Seiji Isoda Mingwei Chen Takeshi Fujita Goki Eda Hisato Yamaguchi Manish Chhowalla Chun‐Wei Chen Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 (Taiwan) Center for Condensed Matter Sciences National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 (Taiwan) Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 (Taiwan) Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611‐0011 (Japan) Institute for Integrated Cell‐Material Sciences Kyoto University 606‐8501 Kyoto (Japan) WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University 2‐1‐1 Katahira Aoba‐ku Sendai Miyagi 980‐8577 (Japan) Department of Materials Science and Engineering Rutgers University 607 Taylor Road Piscataway NJ 08854 (USA)

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Metamorphic solar cells employing chemical mechanical polishing and MOVPE regrowth

Metamorphic solar cells employing chemical mechanical polish...

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2011 37th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference

作者： L. J. Mawst P. Dudley J. Kirch T. Kim S. Ruder T. F. Kuech R. Tatavarti Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA Materials Science Program University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA Microlink Devices Inc. Niles IL USA

We have investigated the MOVPE growth of In x Ga 1-x As metamorphic buffer layer (MBL) structures with a focus on techniques to improve the surface morphology and determine the influence of morphology on subsequently grown single-junction device structures. To improve the surface roughness of the underlying MBL, chemical-Mechanical Polishing (CMP) is employed and MOVPE regrowth of single-junction (SJ) solar cells on top of the polished surface is performed. AFM image analysis indicates the CMP process is effective in reducing the step-graded In x Ga 1-x As MBL surface roughness from ~7-10 nm (as-grown) to 2.3 nm post CMP. A post-CMP ozone/HF treatment was found to be effective in removing silica residue remaining on the surface from the CMP process, allowing for the growth of films on top of the MBL surface subjected to CMP. Improved short circuit current density (J sc ) and external quantum efficiency (QE) were obtained from SJ (1eV) devices which employ the CMP process compared with those on as-grown MBLs.

关键词： Surface roughness Rough surfaces Surface treatment Surface morphology Indium gallium arsenide Epitaxial layers Epitaxial growth

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Enhanced interfacial adhesion, mechanical, and thermal properties of natural flour-filled biodegradable polymer bio-composites

Enhanced interfacial adhesion, mechanical, and thermal prope...

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作者： Kim, Hee-Soo Lee, Byoung-Ho Lee, Sena Kim, Hyun-Joong Dorgan, John R. Research and Development Institute Research 2 Team Woongjin Chemical Co. Ltd Suwon 443-270 Korea Republic of Laboratory of Adhesion and Bio-Composites Program in Environmental Materials Science Seoul National University Seoul 151-921 Korea Republic of Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National University Seoul 151-921 Korea Republic of Colorado Center for Biorefining and Biofuels Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Colorado School of Mines Golden CO 80401-1887 United States

This study examined the interfacial adhesion, mechanical, and thermal properties of compatibilizing agent-treated and non-treated biocomposites as a function of the type of compatibilizing agent. The tensile strength, interfacial adhesion, and heat deflection temperature (HDT) of maleic anhydride-grafted poly(butylene succinate) (PBS-MA) and maleic anhydride-grafted poly(lactic acid) (PLA-MA)-treated biocomposites are greater than those of untreated maleic anhydride-grafted poly(styrene-b-ethylene-co-butylene-b-styrene) triblock copolymer (SEBS-MA) and maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (MAPP)-treated biocomposites. The storage modulus (E′) values and the tan Εmax temperatures (T g) of PBS-MA and PLA-MA-treated biocomposites were slightly higher than that of the untreated biocomposites. © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2010.

关键词： Maleic anhydride

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Theoretical Insight into the Mechanisms of Ethanol Electro-oxidation with PtSn Electrodes

Theoretical Insight into the Mechanisms of Ethanol Electro-o...

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第十一届全国量子化学会议

作者： Hui-Fang Wang Zhi-Pan Liu College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Suzhou University 199 RenAi Road Suzhou 215123. Jiangsu P. R. China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

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Phonon Transport and Thermoelectricity in Defect-Engineered InAs Nanowires

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2011年第1期1404卷 36-43页

作者： Weathers, Annie Moore, Arden L. Pettes, Michael T. Salta, Daniel Kim, Jaehyun Dick, Kimberly Samuelson, Lars Linke, Heiner Caroff, Philippe Shi, Li Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin USA Center for Nano and Molecular Science The University of Texas at Austin Austin USA Material Science and Engineering Graduate Program The University of Texas at Austin Austin USA The Nanometer Structure Consortium (nmC@LU) and Division of Solid State Physics Lund University Lund Sweden Polymer & Materials Chemistry Lund Sweden Institut d’Electronique de Microelectronique et de Nanotechnologie UMR CNRS 8520 France

关键词： thermoelectric nanostructure thermal conductivity

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Synthesis of new antibacterial ZnO powders by hydrothermal treatment and their characterization

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Funtai Oyobi Fummatsu Yakin/Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy 2010年第2期57卷 106-111页

作者： Matsuoka, Sho Kato, Masaki Hirota, Ken Tsukagoshi, Kazuhiko Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry Doshisha University Kyo-Tanabe 610-0321 Japan Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty of Science and Engineering Doshisha University Kyo-Tanabe 610-0321 Japan

Homogeneous ZnO powders with antibacterial activity have been synthesized by hydrothermal treatment at 160 ∼ 190°C under 1.01 ∼1.09 MPa for 10 ∼ 50 h using Zn(NO3)2·6H 2O, hexamethylenetetramine ((CH2)6N 4) and ethanol. Their particle morphology and specific surface areas have been characterized in relation with the synthesis conditions. A luminol chemiluminescence (CL) measurement has been applied to evaluate their antibacterial activity under dark conditions. Experimental results revealed that the ZnO nanorod powders (a length≤ 500nm and a diameter*C/20h/1.09 MPa, showed the highest photon counts of 3.75x 105, which value was ten times higher than that (3.59 x 104 counts) of conventional ZnO powders commercially available.

关键词： Powders

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Characteristics of Step-Graded In_xGa_(1-x)As and InGaP_ySb_(1-y) Metamorphic Buffer Layers on GaAs Substrates

Characteristics of Step-Graded In_xGa_(1-x)As and InGaP_ySb_...

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Compound Semiconductor Week

作者： J. Kirch P. Dudley T. Kim K. Radavich S. Ruder L. J. Mawst T. F. Kuech S. D. LaLumondiere Y. Sin W. T. Lotshaw S. C. Moss Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin - Madison Materials Science Program University of Wisconsin - Madison Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Wisconsin - Madison Electronics and Photonics Lab The Aerospace Corporation

ISBN: (纸本)9781457717536

Step-graded InGaP_ySb_(1-y) and In_xGa_(1-x)As metamorphic buffer layer (MBL) structures are grown on GaAs substrates by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). AFM analysis indicates that graded group V InGaP_ySb_(1-y) MBLs exhibit significantly lower surface roughness (～4.7nm) compared with more conventional graded group III In_xGa_(1-x)As MBLs, which typically have rms surface roughness in the range of 7-14nm. To reduce the surface roughness of the In_xGa_(1-x)As MBL, a post growth chemical-Mechanical Polishing (CMP) procedure is implemented. AFM image analysis indicates the CMP process is effective in reducing the step-graded In_xGa_(1-x)As MBL surface roughness from ～7.3 nm (as-grown) to 2.3 nm post CMP. Preliminary studies indicate that bulk InGaAs layers regrown on top of the MBL subjected to CMP exhibit improved static and transient PL characteristics compared with those deposited on as-grown MBLs.

关键词： III-V semiconductors Defects Optical devices

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Pyroelectric properties of epitaxial (001) barium strontium titanate as a function of space charge density

Pyroelectric properties of epitaxial (001) barium strontium ...

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Symposium on Ferroelectricity and Piezoelectricity: materials, Devices, and Applications

作者： Okatan, M.B. Weiss, C.V. Alpay, S.P. Materials Science and Engineering Program Department of Chemical Materials and Biomolecular Engineering University of Connecticut CT 06269 United States

A non-linear thermodynamic model was developed to investigate the effect of charge compensation on polarization and pyroelectric properties of graded monodomain ferroelectric multilayers. To represent charge compensation at the interfaces, a dimensionless parameter, "coupling strength,"was introduced. Heterostructures in which interfaces are perfectly insulating so that coupling strength is maximized behave as if they are a single ferroelectric material. Upon introduction of localized space charges to the interfaces, the coupling strength is decreased and ferroelectric layers behave independently of each other. Also, there exists an optimum value of the coupling strength at which average polarization of the heterostructure is maximized. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： Heterojunctions

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A boost for the emerging field of RNA nanotechnology report on the First International Conference on RNA nanotechnology

A boost for the emerging field of RNA nanotechnology report ...

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作者： Shukla, Girish C. Haque, Farzin Tor, Yitzhak Wilhelmsson, L. Marcus Toulmé, Jean-Jacques Isambert, Hervé Guo, Peixuan Rossi, John J. Tenenbaum, Scott A. Shapiro, Bruce A. Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease Department of Biological Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland OH 44115 United States Nanobiomedical Center College of Engineering and Applied Science University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45267 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San Diego San Diego CA 92093 United States Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering/Physical Chemistry Chalmers University of Technology Kemivägen 10 SE-412 96 Göteborg Sweden Universite Bordeaux Segalen INSERM U869 Bâtiment 3A 1er étage 33076 Bordeaux Cedex France Institut Curie Research Division CNRS UMR168 11 rue P. and M. Curie 75005 Paris France Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Duarte CA 91010 United States College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering University at Albany-SUNY Albany NY 12203 United States Center for Cancer Research Nanobiology Program National Cancer Institute at Frederick Frederick MD 21702 United States

This Nano Focus article highlights recent advances in RNA nanotechnology as presented at the First International Conference of RNA Nanotechnology and Therapeutics, which took place in Cleveland, OH, USA (October 23-25, 2010) (http://***/nanomedicine/RNA2010/), chaired by Peixuan Guo and co-chaired by David Rueda and Scott Tenenbaum. The conference was the first of its kind to bring together more than 30 invited speakers in the frontier of RNA nanotechnology from France, Sweden, South Korea, China, and throughout the United States to discuss RNA nanotechnology and its applications. It provided a platform for researchers from academia, government, and the pharmaceutical industry to share existing knowledge, vision, technology, and challenges in the field and promoted collaborations among researchers interested in advancing this emerging scientific discipline. The meeting covered a range of topics, including biophysical and single-molecule approaches for characterization of RNA nanostructures;structure studies on RNA nanoparticles by chemical or biochemical approaches, computation, prediction, and modeling of RNA nanoparticle structures;methods for the assembly of RNA nanoparticles;chemistry for RNA synthesis, conjugation, and labeling;and application of RNA nanoparticles in therapeutics. A special invited talk on the well-established principles of DNA nanotechnology was arranged to provide models for RNA nanotechnology. An Administrator from National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Cancer Institute (NCI) Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer discussed the current nanocancer research directions and future funding opportunities at NCI. As indicated by the feedback received from the invited speakers and the meeting participants, this meeting was extremely successful, exciting, and informative, covering many groundbreaking findings, pioneering ideas, and novel discoveries. © 2011 American chemical Society.

关键词： RNA

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