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Security for cyberspace:challenges and opportunities

Frontiers of Information technology & Electronic engineering 2018年第12期19卷 1459-1461页

作者： Jiang-xing WU Jian-hua LI Xin-sheng JI National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological R&D Center School of Cyber Security Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Nowadays,cyberspace has become the "fifth frontier"after the ocean,land,air,and *** the globalization of information,cyberspace has never faced so many challenges,such as principle innovation,theory innovation,technology innovation,and application ***,the transition from traditional cyberspace to new cyberspace is inevitable. In the future,cyberspace will have many important characteristics,such as openness,heterogeneity,mobility,dynamism,and security.

关键词： Security for cyberspace Sea land air space

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region-specific characterization and ecotoxicity assessment of PAH compounds in winter PM2.5 from three capital cities in Northeast Asia

SSRN

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SSrN 2025年

作者： Jang, Kyoung-Soon Kim, Min Sung Lee, Seulgidaun Park, Moonhee Jang, Hyemi Choi, Mira Lee, Ji Yi Song, Mijung Kim, Changhyuk Ahn, Junyoung Wu, Zhijun Natsagdorj, Amgalan Seo, Jungju Lee, Tae Kwon Kim, Young Hwan Digital Omics Research Center Korea Basic Science Institute Cheongju28119 Korea Republic of Department of Environmental Engineering Yonsei University Wonju26493 Korea Republic of Division of Bio-Analytical Science University of Science and Technology Daejeon34113 Korea Republic of Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul03760 Korea Republic of Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Jeonbuk National University Jeonju54896 Korea Republic of School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Pusan National University Pusan46241 Korea Republic of Institute of Environment and Energy Pusan National University Pusan46241 Korea Republic of National Institute of Environmental Research Incheon22689 Korea Republic of College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China Department of Chemistry National University of Mongolia Ulaanbaatar14201 Mongolia Division of R&D Equipment Industry Korea Basic Science Institute Daejeon34133 Korea Republic of Research Center for Material Analysis Korea Basic Science Institute Daejeon34133 Korea Republic of Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology Chungnam National University Daejeon34134 Korea Republic of Department of Plant Science and Technology Chung-Ang University Anseong17546 Korea Republic of

Industrialization and urbanization in Northeast Asia have heightened PM2.5 pollution, posing significant public health risks. This study examined the spatial and chemical variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their ecotoxicity in winter PM2.5 from three capitals—Ulaanbaatar (UB, Mongolia), Beijing (BJ, china), and Seoul (SE, South Korea)—using two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOF MS). PM2.5 samples collected between december 15, 2020 and January 14, 2021 revealed UB had the highest concentrations (85.7 ± 36.7 μg m-3) and PAH levels (758.9 ± 224.7 ng m-3), primarily from coal combustion and biomass burning. BJ (30.3 ± 16.9 μg m-3;41.4 ± 18.4 ng m-3) and SE (26.0 ± 14.4 μg m-3;6.2 ± 2.4 ng m-3) had lower PAH levels but a higher share of secondary products, including oxygenated (OPAHs) and nitrogen-containing PAHs (NPAHs). Overall, 646 PAH compounds were identified: UB was dominated by methylated alkyl and sulfur-containing PAHs, while BJ and SE had more hydroxylated and carbonylated PAHs. QSAr ecotoxicity analysis indicated the highest toxicity in SE from hydroxylated PAHs and a broader toxic range in UB. These findings support air quality strategies to reduce coal combustion in UB and secondary PAH formation in BJ and SE. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Coal combustion

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Natural-logarithm-rectified activation function in convolutional neural networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Liu, Yang Zhang, Jianpeng Gao, Chao Qu, Jinghua Ji, Lixin National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technological R&D Center Zhengzhou450002 China

Activation functions play a key role in providing remarkable performance in deep neural networks, and the rectified linear unit (reLU) is one of the most widely used activation functions. Various new activation functions and improvements on reLU have been proposed, but each carry performance drawbacks. In this paper, we propose an improved activation function, which we name the natural-logarithm-rectified linear unit (NLreLU). This activation function uses the parametric natural logarithmic transform to improve reLU and is simply defined as f (x) = ln(β. max(0, x) + 1.0). NLreLU not only retains the sparse activation characteristic of reLU, but it also alleviates the "dying reLU" and vanishing gradient problems to some extent. It also reduces the bias shift effect and heteroscedasticity of neuron data distributions among network layers in order to accelerate the learning process. The proposed method was verified across ten convolutional neural networks with different depths for two essential datasets. Experiments illustrate that convolutional neural networks with NLreLU exhibit higher accuracy than those with reLU, and that NLreLU is comparable to other well-known activation functions. NLreLU provides 0.16% and 2.04% higher classification accuracy on average compared to reLU when used in shallow convolutional neural networks with the MNIST and CIFAr-10 datasets, respectively. The average accuracy of deep convolutional neural networks with NLreLU is 1.35% higher on average with the CIFAr-10 dataset. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chemical activation

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A proactive defense mechanism for mobile communication user data

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2018年第10期61卷 266-268页

作者： Caixia LIU Xinsheng JI Jiangxing WU Xiao QIN The National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological R&D Center Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Samuel Ginn College of EngineeringAuburn University

dear editor,Several studies have recently reported on major vulnerabilities in the Signaling system No.7 (SS7)used in mobile networks [1, 2]. The reported vulnerabilities and security issues would lead to the illegal acquisition and tampering of mobile communication user data, known as cellphone user data. The cellphone user data contain important information such as identity identification, location identification, security parameter-set. due to

关键词： A proactive defense mechanism for mobile communication user data MSISdN

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Infinite Motif Stochastic Blockmodel for role discovery in Networks

Infinite Motif Stochastic Blockmodel for Role Discovery in N...

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International Conference on Advances in Social Network Analysis and Mining, ASONAM

作者： Yulong Pei Jianpeng Zhang George Fletcher Mykola Pechenizkiy Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven the Netherlands National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological R&D Center Zhengzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9781450368681

ISBN: (纸本)9781450368681

role/block discovery is an essential task in network analytics so it has attracted significant attention recently. Previous studies on role discovery either relied on first or second-order structural information to group nodes but neglected the higherorder information or required the number of roles/blocks as the input which may be unknown in practice. To overcome these limitations, in this paper we propose a novel generative model, infinite motif stochastic blockmodel (IMM), for role discovery in networks. IMM takes advantage of high-order motifs in the generative process and it is a nonparametric Bayesian model which can automatically infer the number of roles. To validate the effectiveness of IMM, we conduct experiments on synthetic and real-world networks. The obtained results demonstrate IMM outperforms other blockmodels in role discovery task.

关键词： Stochastic processes Inference algorithms Bayes methods Social network services Task analysis Measurement Approximation algorithms

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An Intelligent Evaluation Model for decision Scheme Based on deep Learning

An Intelligent Evaluation Model for Decision Scheme Based on...

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第二届人工智能、网络与信息技术国际研讨会

作者： Wei Ou Zhaohui Yi Lan Cheng Ying Liao The Border and Coastal Defense College China National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological R&D Center

Studying and constructing the intelligent decision-making model for simulation entity can effectively improve the credibility and immersion of wargaming, in which intelligent evaluation of decision scheme is the key module. To lower the reasoning complexity and shorten the decision time, an intelligent evaluation model based on Stacked Auto-Encoder(SAE) is proposed, which simulates the reasoning mode of human decision-making, and learns commander's knowledge and experience through unsupervised and supervised training. Then, to improve the robustness and generalization ability of the deep learning model, a de-noising training method and sparsity constraints are introduced. Finally, simulation experiment is carried out to verify the scientificity and effectiveness of the proposed model.

关键词： SAE An Intelligent Evaluation Model for decision Scheme Based on deep Learning Model

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distributed curvature sensing based on a bending loss-resistant ring-core fiber

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Photonics research 2020年第2期8卷 165-174页

作者： LI SHEN HAO WU CAN ZHAO LEI SHEN rUI ZHANG WEIJUN TONG SONGNIAN FU MING TANG Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(WNLO)&National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System School of Optical and Electronic InformationHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology Yangtze Optical Fiber and Cable Joint Stock Limited Company(YOFC)R&D CenterWuhan 430073China

A theoretical and experimental study on curvature sensing using a Brillouin optical time-domain analyzer based on the ring-core fiber(rCF)is *** Brillouin gain spectrum of the rCF is investigated,and the Brillouin frequency shift(BFS)dependence on temperature and strain is *** theoretically analyze the fiber bending-induced BFS and peak Brillouin gain variation for the rCF through a numerical simulation method,and the rCF is revealed to have a high curvature *** curvature sensing is successfully demonstrated,with the bending radius ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 cm,corresponding to a BFS variation from 32.90 to7.81 *** rCF takes advantage of great bending loss resistance,and the maximum macrobending loss at the extreme bending radius of 0.5 cm is less than 0.01 d B/***,the peak Brillouin gain of the rCF is discovered to vary significantly in response to fiber bending,which is expected to be another parameter for distributed curvature *** results imply that the rCF is a promising candidate for highly sensitive distributed curvature measurement,especially in sharp bending circumstances.

关键词： fiber bending curvature

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A 0.5–3.0 GHz SP4T rF switch with improved body self-biasing technique in 130-nm SOI CMOS

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Journal of Semiconductors 2020年第10期41卷 63-69页

作者： Hao Zhang Qiangsheng Cui Xu Yan Jiahui Shi Fujiang Lin Micro-/Nano-Electronic System Integration R&D Center(MESIC) University of Science and Technology of China(USTC)Hefei 230026China Hengxin Semitech Co. Ltd.Suzhou 215123China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering(ECE) National University of Singapore(NUS)Singapore 117583Singapore

A single-pole four-throw(SP4T)rF switch with charge-pump-based controller is designed and implemented in a commercial 130-nm silicon-on-insulator(SOI)CMOS *** improved body self-biasing technique based on diodes is utilized to simplify the controlling circuitry and improve the linearity.A multistack field-effect-transistor(FET)structure with body floating technique is employed to provide good power-handling *** proposed design demonstrates a measured input 0.1-d B compression point of 38.5 d Bm at 1.9 GHz,an insertion loss of 0.27 d B/0.33 d B and an isolation of 35 d B/27 d B at 900 MHz/1.9 GHz,*** overall chip area is only 0.49 mm^*** rF switch can be used in GSM/WCdMA/LTE frontend modules.

关键词： rF switch silicon-on-insulator body self-biasing technique multistack FETs

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An Access Control Mechanism Based on risk Prediction for the IoV

An Access Control Mechanism Based on Risk Prediction for the...

引用

IEEE Conference on Vehicular technology (VTC)

作者： Yuanni Liu Man Xiao Yanyan Zhou di Zhang Jianhui Zhang Haris Gacanin Jianli Pan Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing China Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological R&D Center China Nokia Bell Labs Antwerp Belgium Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Missouri-St.Louis MO USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728152073

ISBN: (纸本)9781728140537

The information sharing among vehicles provides intelligent transport applications in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), such as self-driving and traffic awareness. However, due to the openness of the wireless communication (e.g., dSrC), the integrity, confidentiality and availability of information resources are easy to be hacked by illegal access, which threatens the security of the related IoV applications. In this paper, we propose a novel risk Prediction-Based Access Control model, named rPBAC, which assigns the access rights to a node by predicting the risk level. Considering the impact of limited training datasets on prediction accuracy, we first introduce the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) in our risk prediction module. The GAN increases the items of training sets to train the Neural Network, which is used to predict the risk level of vehicles. In addition, focusing on the problem of pattern collapse and gradient disappearance in the traditional GAN, we develop a combined GAN based on Wasserstein distance, named WCGAN, to improve the convergence time of the training model. The simulation results show that the WCGAN has a faster convergence speed than the traditional GAN, and the datasets generated by WCGAN have a higher similarity with real datasets. Moreover, the Neural Network (NN) trained with the datasets generated by WCGAN and real datasets (NN-WCGAN) performs a faster speed of training, a higher prediction accuracy and a lower false negative rate than the Neural Network trained with the datasets generated by GAN and real datasets (NN-GAN), and the Neural Network trained with the real datasets (NN). Additionally, the rPBAC model can improve the accuracy of access control to a great extent.

关键词： Gallium nitride Generative adversarial networks Generators Access control Training Predictive models Artificial neural networks

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Overview of 5G security technology

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2018年第8期61卷 107-131页

作者： Xinsheng JI Kaizhi HUANG Liang JIN Hongbo TANG Caixia LIU Zhou ZHONG Wei YOU Xiaoming XU Hua ZHAO Jiangxing WU Ming YI National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological R&D Center Zhengzhou 450002 China National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological R&D Center

The 5 th-generation mobile communication system(5 G) has higher security requirements than previous systems. Accordingly, international standard organizations, operators, and equipment manufacturers are focusing extensively on 5 G security technology. This paper analyzes the security requirements of 5 G business applications, network architecture, the air interface, and user privacy. The development trends of5 G security architecture are summarized, with a focus on endogenous defense architecture, which represents a new trend in 5 G security development. Several incremental 5 G security technologies are reviewed, including physical layer security, lightweight encryption, network slice security, user privacy protection, and block chain technology applied to 5 G.

关键词： 5G security endogenous defense mimic defense physical layer security lightweight encryption network slice security user privacy preservation block chain

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