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Control, Modeling and Stability Analysis of DRU-based grid-forming Converter

Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2025年第1期11卷 83-92页

作者： Wencong Wu Minzhi Wang Liang Tu Haiqing Cai Guanglei Yan Xiaohui Qu Haohan Gu Wei Chen State Key Laboratory of HVDC China Southern Power GridGuangzhou 510663China National Energy Power Grid Technology R&D Center Guangzhou 510663China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power Systems China Southern Power GridGuangzhou 510663China CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation China Southern Power GridGuangzhou 510663China School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Diode rectifier unit(DRU)-based high-voltage direct current(HVDC)transmissionsystems areeffectivein achieving the stableandeconomical operation of offshore *** theuncontrollable characteristicsof DRUs,a grid-forming(GFM)strategy forwind-turbine converters isnecessary to support offshore AC voltageand ***,the active power-synchronization control in traditional GFM converters is unsuitable for DRU-based GFM ***,the stability issue for DRU-based HVDC systems involving DRU-based GFM and grid-following(GFL)converters has not yet been *** solve these issues,this study begins with the characteristics of a DRU-based HVDC system and presents a control scheme for DRU-based GFM converters for power ***,the dq-frame impedance model of the DRU-based GFM converteris proposed for the stability analysis of the entire HVDC ***,a simulation platform is built to verify the model accuracy and system stability.

关键词： Diode rectifier unit offshore wind-powergeneration grid-forming converter impedance model stabilityanalysis

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Modified Dynamic Model and Small-signal Stability Analysis for LCC- HVDC Systems

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CSEE Journal of power and Energy Systems 2025年第2期11卷 750-759页

作者： Chunyi Guo Jiaqing Zhang Shuo Yang Huan Li Chuang Fu State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid State Key Laboratory of HVDCGuangzhouChina

Inaccuracy of modeling for line commutated converter based high voltage direct current (LCC-HVDC) systems will degrade the reliability of small-signal stability analysis results. Taking a practical project as the study system, this paper establishes a modified dynamic model by modifying the current switching function, firing angle calculation and DC voltage calculation. Then, the accuracy of the modified model is verified by a detailed electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation. Finally, with the modified dynamic model, the impact of the control parameters and AC system strength on the small-signal stability of the overall system is investigated by adopting the eigen-analysis. The results clearly demonstrate that the modified model shows higher accuracy than the original model.

关键词： LCC-HVDC modified dynamic model practical project small-signal analysis

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Anomaly Detection in Network Access-Using LSTM and Encoder-Enhanced Generative Adversarial Networks

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第7期49卷 175-186页

作者： Hu, Jian He, Yingjun Xu, Wenqian Jiang, Yixin Liang, Zhihong Yang, Yiwei Yunnan Power Grid Information Center China Southern Power Grid Kunming650217 China Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510663 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Power System Network Security Guangzhou510663 China

Along with the continuous development of information technology, the database has become an important module for enterprises and individuals to apply computers, and some important data are stored in the database, which also leads to the database becoming the target of malicious intruders. The abnormal access behavior detection algorithm for data can quickly identify abnormal access situations, timely intervention and processing to ensure data security. Based on this, this paper proposes an abnormal defense behavior detection algorithm based on generative adversarial network, the new algorithm has the applicability as well as two derivative models of generative adversarial network for network abnormal access detection with high efficiency. In this paper, we experiment the classification accuracy of network anomaly detection algorithm, i.e., F1, by using three models, namely, the original Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), Generative Adversarial Network using Long and Short-Term Memory Network (GAN+LSTM), and Generative Adversarial Network with the addition of an encoder (GAN+Encoder), and the result of this paper shows that the GAN+Encoder model is the most effective. And based on these three models of the generator and discriminator loss trends are compared, as well as through the iteration of 50 times of training results show that the GAN + Encoder model is relatively simple, and the training time is shorter and more efficient. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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An equivalent modeling method for integrated water-wind-solar systems based on sparrow search algorithm

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Energy Informatics 2025年第1期8卷 1-16页

作者： Lu, Yuanhong Zhang, Jie Zhang, Jingyue Huang, Libin Guo, Haiping Hu, Binjiang Guo, Tianyu State Key Laboratory of HVDC Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510663 China National Energy Power Grid Technology R & D Centre Guangzhou510663 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System Guangzhou510663 China CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510663 China

In the context of extensive integration of renewable energy sources into the electrical grid, the grid's fault transient behaviors have undergone significant changes. However, conventional single-unit equivalent models fail to accurately capture the fault transient responses of combined wind-solar-hydro power stations and often require substantial computational resources, leading to reduced simulation efficiency. This study proposes a cluster-based equivalent modeling approach for hybrid wind-solar-hydro power plants using the Sparrow Search Algorithm. key factors influencing fault characteristics, including the distance to the Point of Common Coupling, DC-side current-limiting measures, irradiance levels, water flow rates, wind speeds, and reactive power at the outlet, are identified and used to construct a transient model. Euclidean distances are computed for these factors, and initial clustering centers for wind turbines are determined using an improved max–min distance technique. These factors and clustering centers serve as the training dataset to establish the clustering equivalent model. Simulation results, conducted on the MATLAB2022 platform, demonstrate that the SSA-based model outperforms the single-unit equivalent model by over 150 times in terms of accuracy. Additionally, the SSA-based model achieves a delay time, defined as the time required to compute the system's transient response after a fault, of less than 5 ms, which is less than one-twentieth of the delay time of the single-unit equivalent model. These improvements highlight the model's ability to accurately capture dynamic power responses under various disturbances, making it highly suitable for real-time applications in hybrid renewable energy systems. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： MATLAB

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The electromagnetic transient simulation acceleration algorithm based on delay mitigation of dynamic critical paths

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Energy Informatics 2025年第1期8卷 1-12页

作者： Guo, Qi Lu, Yuanhong Zhang, Jie Zhang, Jingyue Huang, Libin Guo, Haiping Guo, Tianyu Tu, Liang State Key Laboratory of HVDC Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510663 China National Energy Power Grid Technology R & D Centre Guangzhou510663 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System Guangzhou510663 China CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510663 China

The task scheduling problem based on directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) has been proven to be NP-complete in general cases or under certain restrictions. In this paper, building upon existing scheduling algorithms, we introduce a static task scheduling algorithm based on directed acyclic graphs. By incorporating the proportion of task transmission delay as a guiding metric in the optimization process, processors can be prioritized for tasks with high latency, thereby improving computational efficiency. We first validate the theoretical feasibility of the algorithm using a theoretical case study and illustrate the algorithmic effectiveness using two real case studies, direct current (DC) model and alternating current (AC) model respectively. The research indicates that the scheduling algorithm proposed in this paper achieves an average scheduling length improvement of over 1.2% compared to the Heterogeneous Earliest-Finish-Time algorithm (HEFT) in topologies with high latency tasks. Additionally, the experiments show that the HEFT algorithm consumes 39.85us and the EMT-DM algorithm consumes 38.29us during simulation using DC, and the HEFT algorithm consumes 31.23us and the EMT-DM algorithm consumes 26.51us during simulation using AC, both of which are improved compared to the HEFT algorithm. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Flow graphs

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Dynamic Interaction and Stability Analysis of grid-following Converter Integrated Into Weak grid

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CSEE Journal of power and Energy Systems 2025年第2期11卷 552-566页

作者： Shuang Li Haijiao Wang Yuehui Huang Guoqing He Chun Liu Weisheng Wang State Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Grid-Integration(China Electric Power Research Institute) Beijing 100192China

The grid-connected converter with grid-following control (GCC-GFL) for renewable energy sources has a risk of instability when integrated into the weak grid. This paper aims to investigate the dynamic interactions and stability characteristics of the GCC-GFL system. From a control system perspective, the mechanism of small-signal instability in the system is revealed through dynamic interaction analysis between the GCC-GFL and the weak grid. Meanwhile, a novel stability evaluation index is proposed based on the real and imaginary parts of the equivalent loop gain in a multi-loop control system. On this basis, the dominant loop of the control system leading to system instability is identified. Furthermore, quantitative analyses are conducted to investigate the stability region of the GCC-GFL, considering the influence of AC grid strength, steady-state operating points, and converter control parameters. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed methods are verified by the impedance analysis method, the time-domain simulations, and the experiments, respectively.

关键词： Terms—grid-connected converter grid-following control interaction mechanism stability region weak grid

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A coherent generator group identification algorithm under extreme conditions

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Global Energy Interconnection 2025年第1期8卷 92-105页

作者： Yizhe Zhu Yulin Chen Li Li Donglian Qi Jinhua Huang Xudong Song Polytechnic Institute Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310015PR China Hainan Institute Zhejiang UniversitySanya 572025PR China College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027PR China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electric Power Equipment Reliability Guangzhou 510062PR China Key Laboratory of Power Grid Automation of China Southern Power Grid Co Ltd.Guangzhou 510000PR China Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co. Ltd.Guangzhou 510000PR China

With the rapid development of large-scale regional interconnected power grids,the risk of cascading failures under extreme condi-tions,such as natural disasters and military strikes,has increased *** enhance the response capability of power systems to extreme events,this study focuses on a method for generator coherency *** overcome the shortcomings of the traditional slow coherency method,this paper introduces a novel coherent group identification algorithm based on the theory of nonlinear dynam-ical *** analyzing the changing trend of the Euclidean norm of the state variable derivatives in the reduced system,the algorithm can accurately identify the magnitude of the *** on the slow coherency methods,the algorithm can correctly recognize coherent generator groups by analyzing system characteristics under varying disturbance *** improvement enhances the applicability and accuracy of the coherency detection algorithm under extreme conditions,providing support for emergency control and protection in the power *** and comparison analyses on IEEE 39-bus system are conducted to validate the accuracy and superiority of the proposed coherent generator group identification method under extreme conditions.

关键词： Generator grouping Slow coherency method Nonlinear dynamical system BCU method Energy function

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Security distance analysis of active distribution network considering energy hub demand response

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Global Energy Interconnection 2025年第1期8卷 160-173页

作者： Rui Ma Qi Zhou Shengyang Liu Qin Yan Mo Shi State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention&Reduction for Power Grid Changsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha 410114PR China Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co. LtdGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electric Power Equipment ReliabilityGuangzhou 510080PR China

This study proposes a method for analyzing the security distance of an Active Distribution Network(ADN)by incorporating the demand response of an Energy Hub(EH).Taking into account the impact of stochastic wind-solar power and flexible loads on the EH,an interactive power model was developed to represent the EH’s operation under these ***,an ADN security distance model,integrating an EH with flexible loads,was constructed to evaluate the effect of flexible load variations on the ADN’s security *** considering scenarios such as air conditioning(AC)load reduction and base station(BS)load transfer,the security distances of phases A,B,and C increased by 17.1%,17.2%,and 17.7%,***,a multi-objective optimal power flow model was formulated and solved using the Forward-Backward power Flow Algorithm,the NSGA-II multi-objective optimization algo-rithm,and the maximum satisfaction *** simulation results of the IEEE33 node system example demonstrate that after opti-mization,the total energy cost for one day is reduced by 0.026%,and the total security distance limit of the ADN’s three phases is improved by 0.1 *** method effectively enhances the security distance,facilitates BS load transfer and AC load reduction,and contributes to the energy-saving,economical,and safe operation of the power system.

关键词： Active distribution network Energy hub Security distance Base station load Air-conditioning load

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Automatic Voltage-Balancing DC-DC Converter With Wide Voltage Gain and Full Range ZVS for Bipolar DC Microgrids

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IEEE Transactions on power Electronics 2025年第8期40卷 10469-10480页

作者： Ning, Guangfu Pi, Hongwei Han, Hua Liu, Yonglu Sun, Yao Su, Mei Central South University School of Automation Changsha410017 China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Power Electronics Equipment and Grid Changsha410083 China

In order to balance the bipolar DC voltage and avoid DC bias for high-frequency transformer under unbalanced load conditions, a bipolar DC-DC converter is proposed. With the balanced inductor, it can be guaranteed to achieve automatic voltage-balancing under any load conditions, without additional voltage-balancing control. While with the inserted blocking capacitor on the secondary side, the DC bias is eliminated. The employed interleaved parallel boost structure increases and widens the voltage gain and reduces the input current ripple. In addition, the proposed converter can realize zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) and reduce backflow power over a wide input voltage range and full load range. The operating principle, steady state performance, ZVS range and voltage gain of the proposed converter are analyzed in detail. Finally, a 930 W experimental prototype is designed and fabricated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed converter. ©1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Microgrids

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Research on the Applicability of Multiconductor Transmission Line Method Under Fast Transient Pulse 11th

Research on the Applicability of Multiconductor Transmission...

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11th Frontier Academic Forum of Electrical Engineering, FAFEE 2024

作者： Qi, Ruihan Li, Yue Zhang, Song Xiao, Xiaobing Cai, Yongxiang Jia, Lei State Key Laboratory of HVDC Transmissions Technology China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou China Guizhou Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guiyang China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819787791

The multiconductor transmission line (MTL) method is commonly adopted when the transient characteristics of the transformer winding is studied. However, for the fast transient pulse (FTP) which is an important threat to power systems, its frequency spectrum can reach tens of megahertz and whether the MTL method is still applicable needs to be further studied. In this paper, a simplified winding model is established, and the MTL method and finite-element method are developed. The time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of the winding under these two methods are simulated and compared. Simulation results show that the difference between the MTL method and finite-element method cannot be ignored when the frequency exceeds around 25 MHz for the model in this paper. Considering that the frequency spectrum of FTP can reach tens of megahertz, the MTL method may not be suitable for the calculation of the transformer winding under the FTP. © Beijing Paike Culture Commu. Co., Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Electromagnetic transients

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